2023屆上海市民辦文綺中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期三?？荚囉⒄Z(yǔ)試題(無(wú)答案)

閔行（文綺）中學(xué)2022學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高三年級(jí)6月5日英語(yǔ)練習(xí)考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（每題1分，共10分）Directions:InSectionA.youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit.readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Nearanartmuseum. B.Atascienceexhibit.C.Atanewsconference. D.Nearapaintstore.2.A.He’llkeepthemforthewoman. B.He’llhelpthewomanmovethem.C.Hecancarrythemwithonehand. D.Hehasafewmoreofthemforthewoman.3.A.Hedocsliketelevision. B.Hespendstoomuchmoney.C.Heboughtanexpensivewatch. D.Heshouldwatchmoretelevision.4.A.BookingaflighttoSpain. B.Payingforprivatelessons.C.GivingSpanishteststostudents. D.Studyinghardfortwodays.5.A.Itwasnotverygood. B.Itwillcontinuethefollowingweek.C.Thewomanprobablywon’tattendit. D.Therewillbetwolecturesinsteadoffour.6.A.ShethinksJudyshouldnothavetakenacomputercourse.B.She’ssurprisedJudyisworkinginmanagement.C.Shedoesn’tunderstandhowJudygotherjob.D.ShewondershowJudydocssomanythings.7.A.Getoutofthecar. B.Paytheparkingfine.C.Takehiscoatoff. D.Makearightturn.8.A.It’shardtoknowwhattobelieveaboutit.B.Hedoesn’tbelieveit’shardforeverybody.C.It’sevenharderthanpeoplesay.D.It’snotashardashe’dthought.9.A.Theyweresoldout. B.Theyhadn’tbeenprinted.C.Theyhadalreadybeenpickedup. D.Theyweren’tsupposedtobesold.10.A.GiveMarshaacheckforthebookshelfshesoldhim.B.AskMarshawhereshewantstoputthebookshelf.C.CheekforthebookonMarsha’sshelf.D.AskMarshaifshehasanextrabookshelf.SectionB（每題2分，共20分）Directions:InSectionB.youwillhearseveralshortpassagesandalongerconversationandyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandconversation.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,hutthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Toreportthelatestadvancesinbrainsurgery.B.Tomakerecommendationsonsensibledieting.C.Toadviseonwaysofdealingwithsleepdifficulties.D.Torelateanexperimentcombiningsleepandexercise.12.A.Yourheartrateislowered. B.Itbecomeshardertorelax.C.Youbecometootiredtosleep. D.Sleeprhythmsareupset.13.A.Makingupforthelossofsleepatweekends.B.Doingsomeexerciseintheevening.C.Takingsleepingpillsinmoderation.D.Eatingcheesebeforegoingtobed.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Itallowedworkerstospendmoretimeathome.B.Itgaveworkersopportunityforbettertraining.C.Itletworkerslivefarfromtheirjobs.D.Iteliminatedmanyfactoryjobs.15.A.Difficultyintransportingmerchandise. B.Adeclineinthenumberofcustomers.C.Thelackofaqualifiedsalesforce. D.Increasedpropertycosts.16.A.Jobopportunitiesarebetterthere. B.Pricesarelowerindowntownstores.C.Transportationhasbecomeunpleasant. D.Propertyismorevaluableinthecities.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Typesofseaanimals. B.Anewsourceofprotein.C.Howbarnaclesevolvefortheirsurvival. D.Howbarnaclesstickthemselvestorocks.18.A.Theycatprotein. B.Theynevermoveabout.C.Theycauserockstodecay. D.Theywillnotbeusefultopeople.19.A.Thelocationofcertainoceanrocks.B.Thecompositionofthebarnacle’sglue.C.Theeffectofwaterpollutiononbarnacles.D.Themedicalvalueofsomesyntheticproducts.20.A.Nutrition. B.Ecology. C.Medicine. D.Geology.Ⅱ.GrammarandvocabularySectionA（每題1分，共15分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,ｆillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformoｆthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ANewWaytoLearnLanguagesNowadays,theInternetischangingthewaypeoplelearnlanguages.Thereisstillnowaytoavoidthehardworkthroughvocabularylistsandgrammarrules,butsincethebirthoftheInternet,books,tapesandevenCDs21.＿＿＿＿＿＿(replace)byemail,videochatandsocialnetworks.Livemocha,aSeattle-basedcompany,hascreatedawebsitehelpingpeoplelearnmorethan38languagesbyexchangingmessagesovertheInternetandthen22.______(correct)eachother’smessages.Thelessons,23.______formtheyarein,aredeliveredonline.TheCEOofLivemochasaysthewebsite’sadvantageisthecontext24.______youmaypracticespeakingwitharealperson.“Thegreatironyisthatevenifyouhavelearnedaforeignlanguageintheclassroomforyears,youarenotconfident25.______(go)intoarestaurant,strikingupaconversation,”hesaid.Thecasualconnectionswithrealpeoplethroughouttheworldarenotjustfunandsurprisingbutrevealmoreabout26.______thelanguageisreallyused.Livcmochaisnowexperimentingwithmanywaysthatresemblethegames27.______(find)onothersocialwebsitestomotivatepeople.Besides,eachpersoncansetupaprofile28.______includesashortself-descriptionandwhatlanguageheorshewouldliketolearn.Therefore,ifyouwanttolearnonelanguage,youwilleasilyfindmanypeoplefluentinthislanguage.Anditbecomes29.______(challenging)tofindastudypartner.Anemailortwoisallittakes.TherearemoreandmorecompanieslikeLivemochaofferingonlinelanguagelearningtostudentsthroughouttheworld.30.______merelyhelpingpeoplepracticedifferentlanguages,theyalsoenablepeopletoshareinterestsandmakenewfriendsSectionB（每題1分，共10分）Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.addressingB.adoptionC.attendD.budgetingE.cautionsF.correspondG.extendedH.hesitancyI.goodwillJ.regardlessK.rigidTopwork-lifebalancebenefitsfor2023“Flexibilityisthegoldstandardofwork-lifebalancebenefits,”saysJonathanPas,healthcareleaderatconsultingfirmMercer.It’snosurprisethenthattwoyearsafterthepandemicforcedmostofficeworkerstoperformtheirjobsremotely.78%ofemployerssaythey’llallowemployeestocontinuedoingsoregularlyin2023,accordingtoaMercersurvey.Butthere’sstillsome31.______:only9%saytheywillallowemployeestoworkremotelydaily.32.______,flexibilityaroundwhenemployeesworkisjustasimportantaswhere.Inthesurvey,66%ofemployerssaidtheywouldofferflexibleworkschedulesoverthecourseofatypicalworkday,suchasspecifictimesduringtheweekto33.______topersonalmattersandfour-dayworkweeks.Employeesnolongerwanttoorganizetheirpersonallifearounda(n)34.______workschedulebutinsteadwantthetwointerwoven,sotheycandecidewhattoprioritizeandwhen.Mr.Pas35.______againstmakinghollowpromisesaboutacompany’scommitmenttowork-lifebalance.“Ifemployeesfeeladisconnectionbetweenprogramsthatarerolledoutandwhatseniorleadersreallyexpect,credibilityisquestioned,andthe36._______createdthroughtheprogramisdenied.”Hecitespaidtimeofftovolunteer,whichalmosthalf(45%)ofcompaniessaytheywilladdtotheirbenefitspackagesnextyear.Otherbenefitsrequiringabroaderorganizationalbuy-inaresabbaticals（公休假）andunlimitedvacationdays.Bothbenefitsencourageemployeestopursueinterestsoutsideofworkwith37.______periodsoff.Still,iftheyfeeladishonorassociatedwithtakingadvantageofthem,they’llbehesitanttodoso.Therelativelylow38._______ratesfor2023,though—only12%forsabbaticalsand15%forunlimitedvacation—indicatethatemployersarestillagainstpayingemployeesnottowork.Instead,theyprefertofindnewwaystogiveemployeesmoremoney,withtheriseofemployer-fundedlifestyleaccounts,whichareoftenreservedforbig-ticketitemsthatmightotherwiserequiresome39.______.Nevertheless,only12%ofemployerssaidtheywouldaddlifestyleaccountsin2023,and70%saidtheyareconsideringthem,whichcouldindicateatrendonthehorizon.Butperhapsthemosttellingstatisticabouttheimportanceof40.______work-lifebalanceisthenumberofcompaniesthatsaidtheydon’tplantoofferanyadditionalbenefitstosupportwork-lifebalance:amere5%.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionA（每題1分，共15分）Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Theteenageyearsofanindividualismarkedbyevaluatingone’svalues,experiencingashiftinoutlooks,andatendencytoactrebellious.Itcanalsobeatimewhensomeonebecomesextremely41.______tonegativeinfluences,andisdrawntowardsdangeroussituations.Ontheotherhand,forparents,theperiodoftheirchildren’sadolescencemeansregularlyworryingabouttheirsafetyandformationasacitizen.Thus,amethodof42.______teenagers’securityisneeded,andcurfews（宵禁）arcoftenseenassuchameasure,sincetheyhaveprovedtheir43.______.Atthesametime,certainpeculiaritiesexistaboutestablishingcurfewsforchildren.TheissueofteenagecurfewsiswidelydebatedintheUnitedStates,wherethismethodisstillrather44.______,andinEuropeandemocracies,wherethismeasureisyetnotsowidelyused.Thefirstandforemostreasonforestablishingcurfewsischildren’ssecurity.45.______curfewsrequireteenagersunder17yearstostayoutofstreetsstartingfrom11p.m.ormidnight.Thisisbelievedtoprotectthemfromcrimescommittedafternightfall,aswellasfrombreakingthelaw,andthereexistsseriousevidence46.______thisbelief.Forexample,whenNewOrleansenabledadusk-till-dawncurfewin1994,theratesofjuvenilecrimewerereportedtofallmorethan20percent.Evenmoreimpressive47.______wererecordedinDallas,whichreporteda30-percentdecreaseinviolentjuvenilecrime,anda21-percentdecreaseintheoverallratesofcrimescommittedbyyoungpeople（TheNewYorkTimes）.Ontheotherhand,curfewscanbeseenasapreventivemeasurethatrobyoungpeopleoftheirrights,48.______theirfreedom.ThisopinionisparticularlysupportedbythefactthatcurfewviolationsandtherespectivechargesareamongthemostoftencommittedjuvenilecrimesintheUnitedStates.49.______,therewerereportsclaimingthatpolicearrestedmorenon-whiteteenagersforcurfewviolations.Allthiscancauseateenagertobelievetheyhavecrossedapsychologicallinedividingthemas50______;thus,suchteenagersmaystarttoseethemselvesasoutlaws,whichcan51.______committingmoreseriouscrimesthanacurfewoffense.Whatisimportantforaparenttorememberwhenestablishingacurfewfortheirchildrenisthatateenager’smisjudgedviewofcertain52.______maycausethemtomisbehaveinsomeotherway;thisisprovedbyresearchconductedbytheUniversityofMinnesota,accordingtowhichteenstendtoprotestagainstwhattheyseeas53.______.Consideringthis,parentsshould54.______theauthoritarianstyleofestablishingcurfews;instead,theyshouldhaveaconversationwiththeirteenagerthatwouldbeaimedatfindingidealconditionsforacurfewthatwould55.______bothsides.41.A.opposed B.subjected C.related D.restricted42.A.improving B.restoring C.ensuring D.expanding43.A.principle B.reference C.approach D.efficiency44.A.popular B.absent C.practical D.accessible45.A.Typical B.Evident C.Critical D.Specific46.A.inplaceof B.inhonorof C.ineaseof D.infavorof47.A.results B.events C.patterns D.links48.A.protecting B.acknowledging C.limiting D.liberating49.A.Bycontrast B.Inaddition C.Inconclusion D.Ingeneral50.A.winners B.criminals C.victims D.protectors51.A.takechargeof B.contributeto C.resultfrom D.dealwith52.A.rules B.charges C.crimes D.relations53.A.impolite B.unrealistic C.inadequate D.unfair54.A.adopt B.allow C.avoid D.address55.A.satisfy B.spare C.surround D.settleSectionB（每題2分，共22分）Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）Asaboy,whenJonnyKinkcadwasn’tmakingthingsusingthetoolsinhisdad’sgarage,hewasmessingaboutwithaguitar.Andthetwopre-occupationshavebeenhislivingforthepastfourdecades:buildingsteel-stringguitarsbyhand.“Theguitarstillappealstome,”hesays.“Makingasoundoutofwood—it’samazingwhatyoucando.”Jonnylearnedtoplayhisbrother’sguitarwhenhewaseleven.Then,whenhewassixteen,hewantedtolearnthebassguitar.“Somepeoplewouldhavegotaholidayjobandsavedupandboughtone,”hesays.“ButIwasofamindsetthatifyouwantedsomething,youmadeit.”AlthoughthebasswasthefirstinstrumentJonnybuiltfromnothing,heandhisbrothershadlongbeendoingessentiallythesamethingwithotheritems.“Imademodelboatsandaeroplanesasachild,soIwasfamiliarwiththatprocess.Myfatherhadtaughtmeandmybrothershowtousetools,andwehadfreematerialsinthegarage.”Jonnyhadalsobeencustomizingandrepairinginstrumentsforhismates.Jonny’sbassguitarturnedoutwell,buttheideaofacareerbuildingguitarshadyettocrosshismind.“Myambitionthenwastobeasculptor,”hesays.Hisinterestsevolvedfurtherandonfinishingschool,hechosetostudyarchitectureatuniversity.Halfwaythroughthecourse,however,hedroppedout,butleftwithaclearerideaofwhathewantedtodoandstartedtothinkseriouslyaboutguitarmaking.“IwasstillinterestedinpaintingandsculpturebutIrealizedthatwhenyouarebuildingguitars,you’reactuallysculptingsound.”Inaddition,heexplains,“Ithoughtthismightbemorereliablethanbeinganartistasit’scraft-based.”Eversincethen,Jonnyhasmadeguitarsforaliving.Forthefirsttenyears,headdedtohisincomebycleaningwindowspart-time.Thefirstguitarshesoldonlywentforthecostofthematerials,butashedevelopedareputationasoneofthebestguitar-makersaround,hewasabletochargealittlemore.Butevennow,almostfortyyearslater,Jonnydescribeswhathedoesas“stillscratchingaliving”.Headmitshecanneveractuallyturnoutmorethantenguitarsayear,whichinevitablyrestrictshisearnings.56.WhydidJonnychoosetomakeabassguitarforhimselfinhisteens?A.Heregardeditasthenaturalthingtodo.B.Hefearedthathewouldnotbeabletoaffordone.C.Hesawitasgoodpracticeformakingotherguitars.D.Hethoughthecouldensureitwasinthestylehewanted.57.Inparagraph3,“thatprocess”refersto______.A.doingsomefavoursforfriends B.cooperatingwithhisbrothersC.creatingsomethingfromnothing D.gettingtoolsandmaterialsready58.WhatdocsJonnysayaboutthearchitecturecourseheattended?A.Itgavehimthechancetoexploredifferenttypesofart.B.Ithelpedhimbecomefinanciallyindependent.C.Itprovidedhimwithideasforguitardesign.D.Itenabledhimtodecideonacareerpath.59.Jonnysuggeststhatthemainreasonforhislowincomeis______.A.thehighcostofthematerialshemakesguitarswithB.thesmallnumberofguitarsthatheproducesC.thelimiteddemandforhand-madeguitarsD.thecompetitionbetweenguitar-makers（B）EightstepstorefocusyouranxietyThinkingofissuesthatseemunfixablecanleadtoananxiousparalysis,butthere’shope.ThisissomeoftheadviceIgivetothoseinneedofhelp.Takeabreakfromthenews.Doomscrollingcanbeaddictiveandincreasethetragicnatureofevents.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatthosewhowereimmersedintheBostonMarathonbombingnewsformultiplehoursadayintheweekaftertheeventexperiencedhigherstressthanindividualswhowereonthescene.Iadvisethosewhoarefeelingdepressedbytheheadlinestoreadthenewsjustonceaday,turnoffalertsontheirphoneand,ifpossible,checksocialmedialessoften.Takecareofyourself.Youhavetobeingoodfightingshapetocopewiththecurrentproblems.Thatmeansboostingyourresilience（韌性）bytakingcareof.yournervoussystem（sleepwell,catwell,exercisewisely）andengaginginpositiveactivities.Focusonthepresent.Getinthehabitofputtingyourselfinthehereandnow.Worryingaboutthefutureisnothelpful.Tryabreathingexercise.Takingafewdeepbreaths—forinstance,breathinginintothecountoffiveandbreathingouttothecountoffive—willhelpcalmyoursympatheticnervoussystem(thefightorflightresponse)andloweryouranxiety.Attheveryleast,breathinggivesyousomethingtodowhenyourfeelyourheartratepoundingquickly.Thinkaboutyourvictories.Remindyourselfofwhat’sworkingwellinyourowlife—whetherit’syourjob,friendships,orthearrayofhouseplantsyoucultivatedduringthepandemic.Beyourowntherapist.Askyourself,whatdoIspecificallyfeelhopelessaboutandwhy?Beingabletoputintowordswhat’sgettingyoudowncanhelpyoufeellessfloodedbyemotionsandbetterabletoprocesstheinformationrationally（理性地）.Takeaction.Worryingdoesn’thelpone’smentalhealth,buttakingactiondocs.Lookaroundyourcommunity.Maybeyourlocalplaygroundwouldbenefitfromabasketballcourt,oryourchurchcouldsponsorarefugeefamily.Whenpeopleengageinlocalissues,theyhavearenewedsenseofoptimism.Joinforceswithafriend.Pickacause.Therearehundredsofnonprofitsdedicatedtoaddressingsomeofthebiggestchallengesontheplanet.Donatemoneytoaninspiringorganizationorvolunteer.60.What’sthepurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toencouragepeopletohelpthoseinneed.B.Tohelpthoseinneedofhelprelieveanxiety.C.Tourgepeopletotakeactiontohelpthemselves.D.Tocheerreadersupandboostafeelingofoptimism.61.Whatdocstheunderlinedpartofthesentencemean?A.“stoppingmovingandstayingwhereyouare”B.“focusingonthepresentmoment”C.“placingyourselfinafavorableenvironment”D.“forgettingaboutthelossesandgains”62.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisinlinewiththeauthor’sadvice?A.Onlychecksocialmediaonceaday.B.Involveoneselfinactivitiesthatboostone’snervoussystem.C.Thinkofthepastvictories.D.Engageinlocalissuesandmakecontributions.（C）Backin1964,inhisbookGamesPeoplePlay,psychiatristEricBernedescribedapatternofconversationhecalled“WhyDon’tYou—Yes,But”,whichremainsoneofthemostannoyingaspectsofeverydaysociallife.Thepersonadoptingthestrategyisusuallyachroniccomplainer.Somethingisterribleabouttheirrelationship,job,orothersituation,andtheycomplainaboutitendlessly,butfindsomeexcusetodismissanysolutionthat’sproposed.Thereason,ofcourse,isthatonsomeleveltheydon’twantasolution;theywanttobevalidated（認(rèn)可）intheirpositionthattheworldisouttogetthem（害他們）.Iftheycan“win”thegame-dismissingeverysuggestionuntilinterlocutor（對(duì)話者）givesupinannoyance-theygettofeelpleasurablyrighteous（正當(dāng)?shù)模﹊ntheirangerandexcusedfromanyobligationtochange.Partofthetroublehereistheso-calledresponsibility/faultfallacy（謬誤）.Whenyou’refeelingharddoneby-takenforgrantedbyyourpartner,say,orobligedtoworkforastupidboss-it’seasytobecomeattachedtothepositionthatit’snotyourjobtoaddressthematter,andthatdoingsowouldbeanadmissionoffault.Butthere’saconfusionhere.Forexample,ifIweretodiscoveranewbornatmyfrontdoor,itwouldn’tbemyfault,butitmostcertainlywouldbemyresponsibility.Therewouldbechoicestomake,andnopossibilityofavoidingthem,sincetryingtoignorethematterwouldbeachoice.Thepointisthatwhatgoesforthebabyonthedoorstepistrueinallcases:eveniftheotherpersonis100%inthewrong,there’snothingtobegained,long-term,fromusingthisasajustificationtoevaderesponsibility.Shouldyoufindyourselfonthereceivingendofthiskindofcomplaining,there’sacleverwaytoshutitdown—whichistoagreewithit.PsychotherapistLoriGottliebdescribesthisas“over-validation”.Foronething,you’llbesparedfurthercomplaining,sincetheotherperson’smotivationwastoconfirmherbeliefs,andnowyou’reconfirmingthem.Butforanother,asGottliebnotes,peopleconfrontedwithover-validationoftenheartheircomplaintsafreshandstartarguingback.Theconceptthatthey’reutterlypowerlesssuddenlyseemsunrealistic,nottomentionratherannoying—sothey’repromptedinsteadtogenerateideasabouthowtheymightchangethings.“Andthen,sometimes,somethingmagicalmighthappen,”Gotliebwrites.Theotherperson“mightrealizeshe’snotastrappedasyouaresayingsheis,orasshefeels.”Avoidingresponsibilityfeelscomfortable,butturnsouttobeaprison;whereasassumingresponsibilityfeelsunpleasant,butendsupbeingfreeing.63.Whatisthecharacteristicofachroniccomplainer,accordingtoEricBerne?A.Theyareangryabouttheirilltreatmentandfeelbittertowardswhoevertriestohelp.B.Theyarehabituallyunhappyandendlesslyfindfaultwithpeoplearoundthem.C.Theyconstantlydismissothers’proposalswhiletakingnoresponsibilityfordealingwiththeproblem.D.Theylackthebasicskillsrequiredforsuccessfulconversationswithothers.64.Whatdocstheauthortrytoillustratewiththeexampleofthenewbornonone’sdoorstep?A.Peopletendtothinkthatoneshouldnotbeheldresponsibleforothers’mistakes.B.Itiseasytobecomeattachedtothepositionofoverlookingone’sownfault.C.Peopleareoftenatalosswhenconfrontedwithanumberofchoices.D.Adistinctionshouldbedrawnbetweenresponsibilityandfault.65.Whatdocstheauthoradvisepeopletodotochroniccomplainers?A.Stopthemfromgoingfurtherbyagreeingwiththem.B.Listentotheircomplaintsattentivelyandsympathetically.C.Askthemtovalidatetheirbeliefswithfurtherevidence.D.Persuadethemtoclarifytheconfusiontheycaused.66.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whatistheresponsibility/faultfallacyforchroniccomplainers?B.Howcanyouavoiddangeroustrapsineverydaysociallife?C.Whoarechroniccomplainersandhowtodealwiththem?D.Whyshouldwestopbeingachroniccomplaincrandassumeresponsibility?SectionC（每題2分，共8分）Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.NotethattherearetwomoresentencesthanneededA.Dreamingisonlyeffectiveifyoufollowitupwithaction,whetheryou’rebrainstorminganewbusinessmodelorimagininghowtogrowyourcompany.B.Failurecanbeadrivingforce:onethatfreesyoufromfearandencouragesyoutopursuewhatyouwantmost.C.Intoday’sfast-movingworld,withgreattechnologicaladvancementsandculturalshifts,oneneedstobepreparedtolearn,adapt,andstartoverifnecessary.D.It’smoreimportanttodevelopcreativebusinessmodelsthatturnprofitsandsolveproblems.E.Theonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.F.Theirwordsareguaranteedtomotivateyoutothinkcriticallyaboutyourbusiness.LessonsfromCommencementSpeechesAsabusinessowner,youprobablydon’tlooktocollegecommencementspeechesasasourceofinspirationwhenyou’refeelingfrustratedordefeated—butyoushould.Herearethreeuniversitycommencementspeechesdeliveredbysuccessfulindividualsfromavarietyoffields.67.______1.Getcomfortablewithchange/JimmyIovine,USC,2014Musicmogul（大亨）JimmyIovine’smainadviceistogetcomfortablewithchangeandthefearthatcomeswithit.Inhisspeech,Iovineexplainsthathelearnedhisgreatestlifelessonwhenherealizedthesuccessfulrecordcompanyhebuiltcouldn’tcompetewiththenewindustrymodelofdownloadingfreemusic.Hehadachoice:getonboardorgetleftbehind.68.______2.Buildbusinessesthatdogood/BillGates,HarvardUniversity,2007BillGates,founderofMicrosoft,usesthisspeechtoposeaquestionheaskshimself:Howcanyoudothemostgoodforthegreatestnumberofpeoplewiththeresourcesyouhave?Foryears.Gateswasunawareofthemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldlivinginpovertyandbattlingdiseases.Onceherealizedhecouldhelp,hechangedhisapproachtobusiness.Pursuinginnovationandadvancementisimportant.69.______GatestellsHarvard,“Humanity’sgreatestadvancesarenotinitsdiscoveries—butinhowthosediscoveriesareappliedtoreduceinequity.”3.Spendlesstimedreamingandmoretimedoing/ShondaRhimes.Dartmouth,2014Ifyoufeelbeatenbythedreamsyouhaveforyourbusiness,thisspeechwillsetyoustraight.AuthorandTVshowproducerShondaRhimestellstheDartmouthgraduates,“Whilesomearebusydreaming,thereallyhappy