大學(xué)英語四級(jí)必考句型

大學(xué)英語四級(jí)必考句型1.It作先行主語和先行賓語的一些句型Shehadsaidwhatitwasnecessarytosay.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itisnotwhorulesusthatisimportant,buthowherulesus.3."All+抽象名詞"或"抽象名詞+itself"(very+形容詞)Hewasallgentlenesstoher.4.利用詞匯重復(fù)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Acrimeisacrimeacrime.5."something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of""somethingof"相當(dāng)于"tosomeextent"，表示程度。在疑問句或條件從句中，則為"anythingof"，可譯為"有點(diǎn)"，"略微等。""譯為毫無"，"全無"。"muchof"譯為"大有"，"notmuchof"可譯為"算不上"，"稱不上"，"littleof"可譯為"幾乎無"。somethinglike譯為"有點(diǎn)像，略似。"Theysaythathehadnouniversityeducation,butheseemstobesomethingofascholar.6.同格名詞修飾是指of前后的兩個(gè)名詞都指同一個(gè)人或物，"of"以及它前面的名詞構(gòu)一個(gè)形容詞短語，以修飾"of"后面的那個(gè)名詞。如"heroldsharperofafather"，可譯為："她那騙子般的父親"。Thosepigsofgirlseatsomuch.7.as…as…can(may)beItisasplainasplaincanbe.8."Itisin(with)…asin(with)"Itisinlifeasinajourney.9."asgoodas…"相等于，就像，幾乎如;實(shí)際上，其實(shí)，實(shí)在。Themerchantasgoodaspromisedtheorphanboy,thathewouldadopthim.10."manyaswell…as"和"mightaswell…as""manyaswell…as"可譯為"與其……，不如……，更好"，"以這樣做……為宜"，"如同……，也可以……"等等。"mightaswell…as"表示不可能的事，可譯為"猶如……"，"可與……一樣荒唐"，"與其那樣不如這樣的好"等等。Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitimperfectly.11."tomake…of"的譯法(使……成為……，把……當(dāng)作)Iwillmakeascientistofmyson.12.oo…+不定式"，not(never)too…+不定式"，"too…not+不定式Sheistooangrytospeak.13.only(not,all,but,never)too…todoso"和"tooready(apt)+todo"結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒有否定意義，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意義，在"tooready(apt)+todo"結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式也沒有否定意義。Youknowbuttooyelltoholdyourtongue.14."nomore…than…"句型Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethanabodywithoutasoulisaman.15."notsomuch…as"和"notsomuchas…"結(jié)構(gòu)，"notsomuch…as"="notsomuchas…"，其中as有進(jìn)可換用butrather，可譯為："與其說是……毋須說是……"。而"notsomuchas"="without(not)even，"可譯為"甚至……還沒有"。Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.16."Nothingismore…than"和"Nothingisso…as"結(jié)構(gòu)，"Nothingismore…than"和"Nothingisso…as"都具有最高級(jí)比較的意思，"NothingI"可換用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可譯為"沒有……比……更為"，"像……再?zèng)]有了"，"最……"等。Nothingismorepreciousthantime.17."cannot…too…"結(jié)構(gòu),"cannot…too…"意為"Itisimpossibletooverdo…"或者，即"無論怎樣……也不算過分"。"not"可換用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可換用"enough"，"sufficient"等Youcannotbetoocareful.18."否定+but"結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞后面的"but"，具有"whichnot"，"whonot"，"thatnot"，等等否定意義，構(gòu)成前后的雙重否定?？勺g成"沒有……不是"或"……都……"等Nothingissobadbutitmighthavebeenworse.19."否定+until(till)"結(jié)構(gòu)，在否定詞"no"，"not"，"never"，"little"，"few"，"seldom"等的后邊所接用的"until/till"，多數(shù)情況下譯為"直到……才……"，"要……才……"，把否定譯為肯定。Nobodyknowswhathecandotillhehastried.20."notso…but"和"notsucha…but"結(jié)構(gòu)，這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)和"否定+but"的結(jié)構(gòu)差不多，不同之點(diǎn)是這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中的"but"是含有"that…not"意味的連續(xù)詞，表示程度?？勺g為"還沒有……到不能做……的程度"，"并不是……不……"，"無論怎樣……也不是不能……"等。Heisnotsosickbuthecancometoschool.21."疑問詞+should…but"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去的意外的事，意為"none…but"，可譯為"除了……還有誰會(huì)……"，"豈料"，"想不到……竟是……"等。Whoshouldwriteitbuthimself?22."whoknowsbut(that)…"和"whocouldshould…but"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)是反問形式，一般意譯為"多半"，"亦未可知"等等，有時(shí)也可直譯。Whoknowsbut(that)hemaygo?23."祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"結(jié)構(gòu)，"祈使句+and"表示"If…you…"，"祈使名+or"表示"if…not…，you。Addlovetoahouseandyouhaveahome.Aadrighteousnesstoacityandyouhaveacommunity.Aadtruthtoapileofredbrickandyouhaveaschool.24."名詞+and"結(jié)構(gòu)，在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞等于狀語從句，或表示條件，或表示時(shí)間。Aword,andhewouldlosehistemper.25."as…,so…"結(jié)構(gòu)，這里的"so"的意思是"inthesameway"(也是如此)。此結(jié)構(gòu)表明兩個(gè)概念在程度上和關(guān)系上相似。Asrusteatsiron,socareeatstheheart.26."ifany"結(jié)構(gòu)，"ifany"和"ifever"，意思是"果真有……"，"即使有……"，表示加強(qiáng)語氣。與此類似的還有："ifanything"(如有不同的話，如果稍有區(qū)別)，"ifaday"(=atleast，至少)。Thereislittle,ifany,hope.27."beitever(never)so"和"letitbeever(never)so"結(jié)構(gòu)，這里，"beit"中的"be"是古英語假設(shè)語氣的遺留形式，現(xiàn)代英語則使用"letitbe"。"everso"和"neverso"都表示同一意思，都表示"very"。Beiteversohumble(letitbeeversohumble),homeishome.28."thelast+不定式"和"thelast+定語從詞"結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的"last"意思是"theleastlikely"，用于否定性推論?？勺g為"最不大可能的"，"最不合適的"，由原意的"最后一個(gè)……"變成"最不可能……的一個(gè)"。Heisthelastmantoacceptabride.29."so…that…"句型，這個(gè)句型的意思是"如此……，以致于……"，但在翻譯成漢語時(shí)，許多情況下，并不是一定要譯成"如此……以致于……"，而是變通表達(dá)其含義。Heransofastthatnobodycouldcatchhimup.30."more+than+原級(jí)形容詞(副詞)"結(jié)構(gòu)，這是將不同性質(zhì)加以比較，其中的"more"有"rather"的意思。Itismorethanprobablethathewillfall.31."morethan+動(dòng)詞"結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示動(dòng)詞的程度，可譯為"異常"，"豈止"，"十二分地"等。Thismorethansatisfiedme.32."goodand…"的副詞用法，譯為"非常"，"很"等。類似還有"niceand…","fineand…,""lovelyand…","brightand…","rareand…","bigand…"等，均表示程度。Theapplesaregoodandripe.33."andthat"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)"andthat"應(yīng)譯為"而且……"，表示對(duì)它前面陳述部分的語氣加強(qiáng)，"that"代表前面的整個(gè)陳述部分。Returntoyourwork,andthatatonce.34."atonce…and"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)譯為"既……又……"，起相關(guān)連接的作用，相當(dāng)于"both…and…"。Thenovelisatoncepleasingandinstructive.35."inthat…"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是"在那一點(diǎn)上(方面)"，可譯為"因?yàn)?。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有"inthis…"。Thebudgetisunrealisticinthatitdisregardsincreasedcosts.#p#副標(biāo)題#e#6."thenamenotwithstanding"結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中"notwithstanding"是介詞，這個(gè)介詞可以置前，可以置后，比如也可寫成："notwithstandingthename"。起讓步狀語的作用。Somepeoplethinkofthestoragebatteryasasortofcondenserwhereelectricityisstored.Butthisisanentirelywrongconception,thenamenotwithstanding.37."Every…not"和"All…not"結(jié)構(gòu)，"Every…not"表示"不見得每個(gè)……都是……";"All…not"表示"不見得所有……都是……"的意思。Everymanisnotpolite,andallarenotborngentlemen.38."mayaswellnot…as"結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)可譯為"與其……不如不……"。Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly.39."haveonlyto…do"結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)表示"只須(消)……就能……"的意思。WehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoverymadebyEdisontoseethesignificanceofit.40."not(no)…unless…"句型Noincreaseinoutputcanbeexpectedunlessanewassemblylineisinstalled.41."better…than…"句型Bettermylifeshouldbeendedbytheirhate,thanthathatedlifeshouldbeprolongedtolivewithoutyourlove.42."asitwere"是一個(gè)非常常用的插入語，意思是"好象"，"可以說"等。Apieceofironnearamagnet,thoughapparentlyseparatefromit,feels,asitwere,thethreadsofthisattachment.43.復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)，在下面例句中，由于anyone的定語從句過長(zhǎng)，把謂語mustrealize提到定語從句之前。Thoughfaithandconfidencearesurelymoreorlassforeigntomynature,Idonotinfrequentlyfindmyselflookingtothemtobeable,diligent,candid,andevenhonest.Plainlyenough,thatistoolargeanorder,asanyonemustrealizewhoreflectsuponthemannerinwhichtheyreachpublicoffice.44."not…anymorethan…"為："不能……，正如不能……"。Onecannotlearntosketchandexpresshimselfgraphicallyonlybyreadingaboutitanymorethanonecanlearntoswimwhilestandingbythepool.45."Bythatasitmay"是"Letitbethatasitmay"的省略形式，是由"be"引起的另外一種假設(shè)結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是"雖然如此，盡管這樣"。Itissaidthatthenervepoisonisthemoreprimitiveofthetwo,thatthebloodpoisonis,sotospeak,anewproductfromanimprovedformula.Bethatasitmay,thenervepoisondoesitsbusinesswithmanfarmorequicklythanthebloodpoison.46."ifatall"是一個(gè)由"if"引起的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)不完整的短句結(jié)為"即將……"，"即使……"等。Icanseeonlywithgreatdifficulty,ifatall.47.由there引起的句型容易產(chǎn)生復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu).Therehavebeenopeneduptothevastandexcellentscience,inwhichmyworkisthebeginning,waysandmeansbywhichothermindsmoreaccuratethanwinewillexploreitsremotecorners.48."rangefrom…to…"結(jié)構(gòu)。這是一個(gè)常見結(jié)構(gòu)，譯時(shí)很多情況下應(yīng)變通處理，不能完全依靠辭典上的釋義。Computerapplicationsrangefromanassemblylinecompletelyrunbycomputerstoachildrentoyrespondingtoremotesignals.49."theway…"結(jié)構(gòu)Ialwaysthoughtshewasacommon-sensepersonwhodiscussedthingsthewaytheyoughttobediscussed.50.復(fù)雜賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofsensitiveandaccuratemeasuringequipmenthasmadeitpossibletomeasuretheacuityofhearingofanyindividualatdifferentfrequencies.51.某些分隔結(jié)構(gòu)1)動(dòng)詞短語相關(guān)部分被分隔(當(dāng)"makeuseof"，"takenoticeof"，"payattentionto"，等動(dòng)詞短語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí))。Useismadeofsolarenergyinheatinghouses.2)雙重定語引起的分隔。Butthereisofcultureanotherview,inwhichnotsolelythescientificpassion,thesheerdesiretoseethingsastheyare,naturalandproperinanintelligentbeing,appearsasthegroundofit.52."tobedoing…when…"是一個(gè)句型，多譯為"某人正在做……時(shí)，突然……"。在簡(jiǎn)單的句子中容易看出，一旦句子變得復(fù)雜一些，可能就不太容易識(shí)別這種句型。Shesaidsheandafriendhadgoneouttodinnerthatnight,andwerewalkinghometogetheratabout10o'clock,whena"verybig,verytallman",accostedthemanddemandedtheirpurses.53."too…to"句型ThenIrememberedhowoftenI,too,hadbeenindifferenttothegrandeurofeachday,toopreoccupiedwithpettyandsometimesevenmeanconcernstorespondtothesplendorofitall.54."somuchthat…"句型ButhedevelopedgraduallyaverymusicalEnglish.Helearnttowritesentencesthatfallawayontheearwithamistylanguoranditdelightedhimsomuchthathecouldneverhaveenoughofit.55."when"引導(dǎo)狀語從句有時(shí)并不好譯，不能一看到when從句就考慮譯為"當(dāng)……的時(shí)候"，它還有許多種譯法。Anythingisbetterthannottowriteclearly.Thereisnothingtobesaidagainstlucidity,andagainstsimplicityonlythepossibilityofdryness.Thisisariskthatiswellworthtakingwhenyoureflecthowmuchbetteritistobeboldthantowearacurlywig.56."not…because…"，有時(shí)可否定前面，有時(shí)可否定because本身，往往出現(xiàn)歧義。應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文面判定。In1600theearthwasnotthecenteroftheuniversebecausethemajoritythensupposeditwas;nor,becauseshehadmorereaders,wasEllawheelerWilcoxabetterpoetthanFatherHopkins.57."so…that,such…that"是一個(gè)普通的句型，但在同一個(gè)句子里有兩處使用它卻比較少見。Thetruthis,thatinonepointofview,thismatterofnationalliteraturehascometosuchapasswithus,thatinsomesensewemustturnbullies,elsethedayislost,orsuperioritysofarbeyondus,thatwecanhardlysayitwilleverbeours.58."bydoing…"結(jié)構(gòu)。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的意思是"通過(做)……"，但翻譯實(shí)踐中不能拘泥于這種釋義，不少情況下需要靈活變通。Thehippos,bydepositingdunginthewater,fedthefishthatsupportthestorksthatdestroytheraretrees.59.下面例句為一倒裝句，主語很長(zhǎng)，而且又含有非常復(fù)雜的句型。這是以形容詞作表語的倒裝，翻譯實(shí)踐中多把倒裝部分譯到最前面。Nolessobviousisthefacttherearegreatnumbersofpeoplesoconstitutedorsobroughtupthattheycannotgetsomuchpleasureoutofprocessesandexperiencesresultinginapoorerlifelessfullofmeaning.60."what…of"句型IcannotsayofmyselfwhatJohnsonsaidofPope:Heneverpassedafaultunamendedbyindifference,norquitteditbydespair.IdonotwriteasIdo;IwriteasIcan.61.英語的一個(gè)習(xí)慣用法是：當(dāng)否定謂語think(believe)時(shí)，實(shí)際上是否定其后面的賓語從句。否定就落在賓語從句上。這樣賓語從句就變成了雙重否定，譯時(shí)可以按雙重否定譯，也可按肯定來譯。Itisavaluablework.Idonotthinkanyonewritessowellthathecannotlearnmuchfromit.62."tohavenot…(as)tosee…"中的不定式也有否定意味。Hehadnotthegoodbreedingtoseethatsimplicityandnaturalnessarethetruestmarksofdistinction.63."Itoccurredtosb.that…"意為"突然想到"，"Itdawnedonsb.that…"."突然想起"等。從句是想起的內(nèi)容。Irememberoncebeingonabusandlookingatastranger.Hesuddenlylookedbackatme-i.e.oureyesmet.Myinstinctivereactionwastoavertmygaze.ItoccurredtomethatifIhadcontinuedtomaintaineyecontact,Iwouldhavebeenrudeandaggressive.64."Itfollowsthat…"="Ithappensasaresult…"常常被譯為"由此可見"，"因此"，"從前"，"可以推斷"等等。Itfollowsthatthehousewifewillalsoexpecttobeabletohavemoreleisureinherlifewithoutloweringherstandardofliving.Italsofollowsthathumandomesticservantswillhavecompletelyceasedtoexist.65."that'sallthereistoit"，意思是"也不過如此而已"?？筛鶕?jù)上下文視情況處理。IfI'mtouched,I'mtouched-that'sallthereistoit.66."Thechancesarethat…"是一句型，譯為"有可能……"。Thechancesareyouwilln