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第=page11頁,共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年河南省新未來名校聯(lián)盟高一(下)期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共37.5分)A閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的ABCD四個選項中選出最佳選項。
TheBestBooksChosenbyDanChaonDanChaonisafamousauthor.Belowarefournewbooksrecommendedbyhim.
FrenchBraidbyAnneTyler
Thishasalreadybeenagoodyearforbooks.withnewworkfromgreatslikeJenniferEgan,JeanThompson,andMarlonJames.ButIwasparticularlyexcitedtoseeanewbookfromAnneTyler.whoseworkI'velovedsinceIreadDinnerattheHomesickRestaurantincollege.Tyler.now80.putstogetherthelivesofaBaltimorefamilyoverdecades,andhinsightsareassharp,funny,andmovingasever.
SeaofTranquilitybyEmilySt.JohnMandel
IlovethefearlessnessandinsistenthumanityofMandel'swork.Hernewbook-akind
ofcompaniontoher2014best-seller,StationEleven-isanambitious,time-travellingpuzzleboxaboutthewaysinwhichwehumansarealwayslivingattheendoftheworld.
NowDoYouKnowWhereYouArebyDanaLevin
Levinisoneofmyfavouritemodernpoets,andhernewbookisoneofherbest-acomplexdescriptionofwhatit'sliketoliveinmodernAmerica,whichIfeelIwillbelearningfromforyearstocome.
GhostsCaughtonFilmbyBarrettBowlin
Thiscollectionofstories,theauthor'sfirstbook,blewmeawaywithitsstrangevisionofanxiousandtormented(折磨的)characterscaughtupinsurrealsituations,tightrope-walkingaperfectlinebetweenhorrorandheartbreak:notunlike2022itself.1.WhichbookwaslovedbyDanChaonwhenhewasincollege?______A.FrenchBraid.
B.DinnerattheHomesickRestaurant.
C.SeaofTranquility.
D.NowDoYouKnowWhereYouAre.2.WhowrotethebestsellerStationEleven?______A.DanChaon. B.AnneTyler.
C.EmilySt.JohnMandel. D.DanaLevin.3.WhatcanweknowaboutthebookGhostsCaughtonFilm?______A.It'sahorrorstory.
B.Itsauthorisalsoapoet.
C.It'saboutamodernwayoflife.
D.It'sthefirstbookofBarrettBowlin.BWhenArielCordova-RojasrodeherbiketoJamaicaBayWildlifeRefugeinQueens,NewYork,lastNovember,sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Amileintoherwalk,shefoundafemalemuteswan(疣鼻天鵝)nearthewater'sedge.Cordova-Rojas,30,whohadworkedattheWildBirdFundrehabilitationcentreinManhattan,knewthatmuteswanscanbeangryandreadytoattack.Butassheapproachedthisone,itdidn'tmove.
Shewascertainthatthebirdneededmedicalattention.Cordova-Rojasputherjacketoverthebird'sheadtokeepitcalm,carefullypickeditup,andhelditinherarms.Andthenathoughtstruckher:WhatdoIdonow?
Herbesthopewastherehab(康復(fù))centre,butthatwasacrosstheEastRiverandclearontheothersideoftown.Howwasshegoingtotransporta17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway?Luckily,somestrangersdrivingbyofferedher,herbike,andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.
Onthesubway,nooneseemedparticularlyfrightenedbythefeatheredpassenger.Oneguy,saysCordova-Rojas,was"sittingrightinfrontofmeonhisphone.Idon'tknowifhenoticedtherewasaswaninfrontofhim."
Cordova-Rojascalledtherehabcentreontheroad,andTristanHiggin-botham,ananimal-caremanager,pickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovethebird,thebike,andtherescuertothecentre.There,staffmembersdeterminedthattheswanmighthaveleadpoisoning(中毒),causedbytakingweightsusedonfishinglines.
Thestaffgottheswanbackuponherfeet.Sadly,evenwithallthatcare,theswangotaseriousinfection(感染).TwomonthsafterCordova-Rojascametoherrescue,shepassedaway.
It'sadisappointingending,buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity-literally.Inall,Cordova-Rojastravelledtwohoursbyfoot,car,andsubwaywhilehonking(按喇叭)herbike.SaysHiggin-botham,"That'stheperfectsummaryofwhosheis,"4.WhydidCordova-Rojasputherjacketoverthebird'shead?______A.Tocatchtheswan. B.Tocalmtheswandown.
C.Tokeeptheswanwarm. D.Toblocktheswan'ssight.5.HowdidCordova-Rojasgettothesubwaystationwiththeswan?______A.Sherodeherbike. B.Shegotthereonfoot.
C.Shetookabus. D.Shewasofferedalift.6.Whatwaswrongwiththeswan?______A.Shehadleadpoisoning. B.Shewasinjuredonherfeet.
C.Shewastrappedbyafishingnet. D.Shenearlydiedfromhunger.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?______A.HowtoProtectBirds B.StrangersKindAction
C.HonkIfYouLoveBirds D.TheLastSongoftheSwanCAcityisrisingfromthewatersoftheIndianOcean.Inalagoon(泄湖),just10minutesbyboatfromMalé,theMaldiviancapital,afloating(漂?。ヽity,bigenoughtohouse20,000people,isbeingconstructed(建造)。
Designedinapattern(模式)similartobraincoral(腦珊瑚),thecitywillconsistof5,000floatingunitsincludinghouses,restaurants,shopsandschools,withriversrunninginbetween.Residentsstarttomoveinbyearly2024,andthewholecityisduetobecompletedby2027.Theprojectisnotmeantasawildexperiment:it'sbeingbuiltasapracticalsolutiontotherealityofsealevelrise.
Containing1,190low-lyingislands,theMaldivesisoneoftheworld'sweakestnationstoclimatechange.Eightypercentofitslandareaislessthanonemetreabovesealevel,andwithsealevelprojectedtoriseuptoametrebytheendofthecentury,almosttheentirecountrywouldgounderthewater.
Theunitsareconstructedinalocalshipyard,thenpulledtothefloatingcity.Onceinposition,theyarejoinedtoalargeunderwaterconcreteframewhichisfixedtotheseabedontelescopic(可伸縮的)steelpolesthatletitgentlyflowwiththewaves.
KoenOlthuis,founderofWaterstudio,thecompanythatdesignedthecity,saidthatthepossibleenvironmentaleffectofthestructurewasassessedbylocalcoralexpertsandpermittedbygovernmentauthoritiesbeforeconstructionbegan.Theaimisforthecitytobeself-sufficientandhaveallthefunctionsasoneonland.Therewillbeelectricitypoweredmainlybysolarenergy.Asanalternativetoairconditioning,thecitywillusedeepseawatercooling,whichinvolvespumpingcoldwaterfromthedeepseaintothelagoon,helpingtosaveenergy.8.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingthefloatingcity?______A.Todevelopitstourism.
B.Togetmorelivingspace.
C.Toperformawildexperiment.
D.Todealwiththerisingsealevel.9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?______A.Thefeatureofthecity.
B.Thelocationofthecity.
C.Theconstructionprocessofthecity.
D.Thebuildingmaterialsofthecity.10.Whereistheelectricitymostlyproducedfrom?______A.Windenergy. B.Solarenergy. C.Waterenergy. D.Waveenergy.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?______A.Thecityisenvironmentallyfriendly.
B.Thecityhasnomodernequipment.
C.Thelifeofthecityisnotveryconvenient.
D.Thegovernmentauthoritieslovethelifehere.DFifteenyearsagoSteveJobsannouncedthreenewproducts:amusicplayer,amobilephoneandanInternetcommunicator.AsApple'sthen-bossgavehispresentation,hisaudienceslowlyrealizedthatthethreeproductswereinfactasingledevice:theiPhone.
TodayevenMrJobsmightbesurprisedbyhowmanyuseshavebeenfoundforhisversatiledevice.Thesmallscreenhascometodealwithbanking,networking,map-reading,gamingandmuchmore.Appleandotherphonemakershavebeenenrichedbyhardwaresales.
Yetthereisincreasingevidencethatthesmartphoneeraisbecomingweak.Phonesaleshavebeeningentledecline(下降)since2016,asslowertechnologicalimprovementhasledtopeopleupgradinglessoften.Inrichcountries,alreadysaturated(飽和),thedeclineisespeciallymarked.Sotechinvestors(投資者)areonthehuntforthenextbigthing,inhopesofwinningnotjustajuicyhardwaremarketbutthepossibilitytocontroltheplatformonwhicheverythingtakesplace.
Thecurrentbigideaisvirtual-reality(VR)headsets.Morepromisingareglassesforexperiencingaugmentedreality(AR),inwhichcomputergraphicsareoverlaidontherealworld.MostofAmerica'sbigtechcompaniesaredevelopingoralreadysellingVRorARheadsets.Whathassofarbeenaniche(小眾的)marketisabouttobecomeverycrowded.
Anyclaimtohavediscoveredthenextbigplatformdeservescaution(謹(jǐn)慎).Therehavebeenplentyoffalsestarts.Tabletswereregardedasarival(競爭對手)tothesmartphone,yetApplestillmakessixtimesasmuchmoneysellingiPhonesasitdoesfromiPads.In-cartechisanotherplatformthathasprovedusefulandvaluable,buthardlythreatenstobecomethecentreofanyone'sdigitallife.Itiseasytoimagineheadsets,whicharenowusedmostlyforgaming,gettingstuckinasimilarniche.
Customersgraduallyfavournewwearabledevices.Theseincludevoice-activatedsmartheadphones,whichcanmakecallsandreadmessages.Smartwatchescandealwithscheduling,navigationandfitness.Agrowingarrayofhealth-techproductsmeasureeverythingfrombloodsugartosleeppatterns.InAmericaunitsalesofthese"wearables"arealreadyclosetosalesofsmartphones.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"versatile"inParagraph2mean?______A.Beingeasytouse. B.Beingverysmart.
C.Beingveryexpensive. D.Havingmanyfunctions.13.Whyhavephonesalesbeenonthedropsince2016?______A.Themarketisalreadysaturatedinmostcountries.
B.Peoplefindlessneedtoupgradetheirsmartphones.
C.Techinvestorsareonthehuntforthenextbigthing.
D.Thereisnotechnologicalimprovementinsmartphones.14.What'stheauthor'sattitudetothepossibilitythatheadsetswillbecomethenextbig
thing?______A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Cautious. D.Positive.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?______A.Thesalesof"wearables"areprobablyontherise.
B.Thesmartphoneswillsoondisappearfromourmarket.
C.Health-techproductswillbeatvoiceactivatedsmartheadphones.
D.Wearabledeviceswillreplacesmartphonesasthenextbigtechplatform.二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Astudysession(會議)withfriendscanbeanexcellentwaytolearn.(1)______astudysessioncanhelpyoutofullyunderstanddifficultmaterials,prepareforexams,andfinallyearnstronggrades.Bymakingcarefulchoiceswhenyouareformingthegroup,youcanbesureyourstudysessionwithfriendswillbesuccessful.
●(2)______.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystolearnisactuallytoteachotherpeople.Trygivingeachmemberadifferenttaskandtaketurnsteachingeachother.Thisgreatlybenefitsboththe"teacher"aswellasthewholegroup.
●Takequizzes(小測試).Anothergreataspectofworkingwithagroupistheabilitytoquizoneanother.Youcansimplyaskeachotherquestionsoutloud.(3)______.Or,differentmemberscancreatequizzesfordifferentpartsandgivethemtotheothermemberstotake.
●Sharenotes.Threeorfourheadsarebetterthanone!(4)______.Whenyouputallofthattogether,you'llwalkawaywithamuchstrongerunderstandingofthematerial.
●Answereachother'squestions.Knowingwhatyoudon'tunderstandandputtingthatintoaquestionforyourgroupisanexcellentexercise.(5)______.
●Createaroutine(常規(guī)).Ifyoucanmakesomekindofroutinewithinyourstudysession,youarelikelytobemoreproductive.Itmaytakealittletime.Youmayhavetotryoutdifferentmethodswithyourgrouptoseewhatworksforyou.
A.Teachoneanother
B.Whenitcomestofriendship
C.Ifyoumakeitaregularevent
D.Thismeansquizzingoneanotherinspeech
E.Thefirstquestioncanberelatedtoself-introduction
F.Tryexchangingthenotesthatyoueachtakeinclass
G.Theattempttoanswereachother'squestionsisgreatforeverymemberandthegroup.16.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大題共15小題,共15.0分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項。
Recently,aStarbuckswaiterfromTexasleftthemotherofahighschoolteenagerveryimpressedandthankful.Themotherthankedthewaiterforhis(1)______thinkingthatkeptherdaughtersafe.She(2)______thestoryonlinethatthewaitergaveherdaughteradrinkwitha(n)(3)______writtenonthecup,askingwhethershefeltsafewithamanwhowastalkingtoher.
Thatday,theteenagedaughterwas(4)______aStarbucksshoponStaplesStreetwhenshewasapproachedbya(5)______.Shewassittinginsidethecafewithher(6)______whenthestransmanwalkeduptoherandstartedtalking.Theyounggirlhadno(7)______whothemanwas.
Noticingthe(8)______interaction(干擾),thestaffatthecafewantedtoensurethattheteenagerissafe.(9)______callingthepoliceimmediately,theywantedtodoitina(n)(10)______way."Thismancamebyand(11)______whatmydaughterwasstudyingandwantedtotalktoheraboutit,"themotherposted.
Thestaff(12)______anextrahotchocolatethathadanoteattachedtoit.Itread"AreyouOK?Doyouwantustooffer(13)______?Ifyoudo,takethelid(蓋子)offthecup."Itwaswrittenonthecup,notthelid.Thestafftoldthegirlthattakingthelidoffwouldworkasasignalforthemtocometoherrescue."How(14)______Iamforpeoplewho(15)______others,themotherendedherpost.21.
A.quick B.formal C.late D.different22.
A.made B.searched C.called D.shared23.
A.email B.prize C.message D.invitation24.
A.buying B.cleaning C.asking D.visiting25.
A.waiter B.stranger C.friend D.neighbour26.
A.housework B.game C.schoolwork D.phone27.
A.idea B.right C.way D.chance28.
A.peaceful B.kind C.warm D.unusual29.
A.Dueto B.Apartfrom C.Insteadof D.Asfor30.
A.personal B.effective C.easy D.lucky31.
A.noticed B.believed C.shouted D.proved32.
A.enjoyed B.smelled C.stopped D.served33.
A.money B.help C.snack D.water34.
A.grateful B.sorry C.relaxed D.bored35.
A.giveup B.runafter C.careabout D.seeoff四、語法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)36.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
SpeakingofChina,manypeoplewouldthinkaboutporcelains(瓷器).ActuallyporcelainisasymboloftheChineseculture,justasprecisionandantiquity(古典)ofFrencharchitecture.However,canyouguess(1)______itwouldbeifthesetwokindsofculturalsymbolsareintegratedintoonething?
Thereis(2)______oldbuildingofFrenchstylesituatedatNo.72ChifengRoadofTianjin.What'sunusualaboutitisthattherearemorethan700millionancientChineseceramicchips(瓷片)coveringalloveritsoutwornwalls.Youwouldneverbelievethatthe(3)______(design)oftheart,Mr.ZhangLianzhi,hasneverbeenintheclassroomfordesignorarchitecture,andhebuiltthis"chinahouse"outofhisloveforculture(4)______art.
Thebuilding(5)______(it)isaFrencharchitecturewithahistoryofmorethanacentury.In2001,Mr.Zhangboughtthehouse(6)______(realize)hischildhooddream.Hehadagreatinterestinchinawhenhe(7)______(be)stillveryyoung.Hehasahabitofkeepingthepiecesofporcelainarticlesthatwerebrokenforvariousreasons,(8)______(hope)somedaytheywouldbe(9)______useagain.After8yearsofefforts,Mr.Zhang(10)______(final)createdthislegendary"chinahouse"(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(本大題共2小題,共40.0分)37.假定你是李華,你的英國朋友Henry在郵件中提到他對你的家鄉(xiāng)及習(xí)俗感興趣。請你給他回一封郵件,內(nèi)容包括:
(1)介紹你的家鄉(xiāng)及習(xí)俗;
(2)歡迎他來你的家鄉(xiāng)做客
注意:
(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;
(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
DearHenry,
______
Yours,LiHua38.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Jimmylivedinacitywithhisfamily,buthelovednaturesomuch.Forhisson'sbirthday,hedecidedtogototheforestforcelebrationwithfamilyandfriendsandenjoysometimewithMotherNature.Hebookedacottage(別墅)whichwasneartheforest.Therewerearrangementsforgueststoenjoynatureandviewwildanimalsroaming(游蕩)innearbyplaces.
Onthefirstdayoftheirtrip,theysawasmalldogwhileenteringthecottage.WhenJimmy'stwoyear-oldsonnoticedthatdog,heoffereditabiscuitwithhissmallhands.Thedogwashappytogetatreatfromthekidandstaywithhim.Soonthekidandthedogbecamefriends.Fromthatmoment,thedogwouldn'tleavethekid'ssideevenforaminute.
Onthethirddayofthetrip,Jimmy'sfamilyandtheirfriendscelebratedthekid'sbirthdayandeveryoneenjoyedit.Thenextdaytheywantedtospendmoretimeintheforest.Soalltheadultsdecidedtogoforhuntingandthekidwasleftinthecareofhisbaby-sitterinthecottage.
Fewhourslater,Jimmyandhiswifewerethefirsttogetback.Whentheywalkeduptothecottage,theysawthatmaingatewasopenandinthehallnoonewasthere.Sotheycalledtheirkidandthebaby-sitter,buttheygotnoreply.
Theybecameworriedandstartedtosearchfortheminthecottage.Atthatmoment,Jimmy'seyeslituponthatdogwithbloodstains(血跡)onitsmouth.
Seeingthis.Jimmy'swifegotscaredandstartedshouting.Inthemeantime,everyoneelsealsoreturnedtothecottage.Theyheardhershoutandrantowardthere.Shockedbythesight,theyallstartedbeatingthatdog.
注意:
(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Justthen,thebabysittercamebackwiththekid.
______
Afightbrokeoutbetweenthedogandthewolf.
______
答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章French
Braid
by
Anne
Tyler部分的But
I
was
particularly
excited
to
see
a
new
book
from
Anne
Tyler.whose
work
I've
loved
since
I
read
Dinner
at
the
Homesick
Restaurant
in
college(但我尤其興奮的是看到了安妮?泰勒的新書。自從我在大學(xué)的思鄉(xiāng)餐廳讀了晚餐后,我就喜歡上了她的作品)可知《思鄉(xiāng)餐廳的晚餐》這本書是丹朝恩上大學(xué)的時候喜歡的。故選B。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章
Sea
of
Tranquility
by
Emily
St.John
Mandel部分的Her
new
book-a
kindof
companion
to
her
2014
best-seller,Station
Eleven-is
an
ambitious,time-travelling
puzzle
box
about
the
ways
in
which
we
humans
are
always
living
at
the
end
of
the
world.(她的新書是她2014年暢銷書《第十一站》,是一個雄心勃勃的時間旅行謎題盒,講述了我們?nèi)祟愒谑澜绫M頭的生活方式。)可知艾米莉?圣約翰?曼德爾寫了暢銷書《第十一站》。故選C。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章
Ghosts
Caught
on
Film
by
Barrett
Bowlin部分的This
collection
of
stories,the
author's
first
book,blew
me
away
with
its
strange
vision
of
anxious
and
tormented(折磨的)
characters
caught
up
in
surreal
situations,tightrope-walking
a
perfect
line
between
horror
and
heartbreak:not
unlike
2022
itself.(這本故事集是作者的第一本書,它以一種奇怪的視角震撼了我,講述了陷入超現(xiàn)實境地的焦慮和痛苦的角色,走鋼絲在恐懼和心碎之間走一條完美的線:與2022年本身沒有什么不同。)可知《電影中的幽靈》是巴雷特?鮑林的第一本書。故選D。
本文是一篇說明文。介紹了著名作家Dan
Chaon推薦的四本新書,包括Anne
Tyler的《法式編織》、Emily
St.John
Mandel的《寧靜之海》、Dana
Levin的《現(xiàn)在你知道自己在哪里了嗎》和Barrett
Bowlin的《拍攝到的鬼影》。這些書涵蓋了家庭、時間旅行、現(xiàn)代美國和奇幻故事等不同主題,作者的筆觸生動、深刻、幽默、感人,值得一讀。
一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點,并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章。
首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息,然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀,對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實際閱讀中,有時作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜",通過構(gòu)詞,語法,定義,同位,對比,因果,常識,上下文等線索確定詞義。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Cordova-Rojas
put
her
jacket
over
the
bird's
head
to
keep
it
calm(科多瓦?羅哈斯把她的夾克套在鳥的頭上,讓它保持冷靜)可知,科多瓦?羅哈斯把她的夾克套在天鵝的頭上,讓天鵝平靜下來。故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Luckily,some
strangers
driving
by
offered
her,her
bike,and
the
swan
a
lift
to
a
nearby
subway
station.(幸運的是,一些開車經(jīng)過的陌生人讓她、她的自行車和天鵝搭便車去附近的地鐵站。)可知,科多瓦?羅哈斯搭便車帶著天鵝去地鐵站。故選D。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段There,staff
members
determined
that
the
swan
might
have
lead
poisoning(中毒),caused
by
taking
weights
used
on
fishing
lines.(在那里,工作人員確定這只天鵝可能是鉛中毒,由于釣魚線上使用的重物而引起的。)可知,天鵝鉛中毒了。故選A。
(4)標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)全文和最后一段It's
a
disappointing
ending,but
the
real
story
is
just
how
far
some
people
are
willing
to
go
to
save
a
swan
in
the
big
city-literally.In
all,Cordova-Rojas
travelled
two
hours
by
foot,car,and
subway
while
honking(按喇叭)
her
bike.Says
Higgin-botham,
"That's
the
perfect
summary
of
who
she
is,"(這是一個令人失望的結(jié)局,但真正的故事是,在這個大城市里,一些人愿意在多大程度上拯救一只天鵝??偟膩碚f,科多瓦?羅哈斯步行、乘車和地鐵,歷經(jīng)兩個小時,還按著自行車的喇叭。Higginbotham說:"這就是她是誰的完美總結(jié)。")可知,文章介紹科多瓦?羅哈斯救助天鵝的故事。Honk
If
You
Love
Birds(如果你愛鳥就按喇叭)是最合適的標(biāo)題。故選C。
本文為記敘文。文章講述了一位女子在紐約皇后區(qū)的野生動物保護區(qū)散步時發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只需要救助的鳥一只雌性啞天鵝。最終在路人的幫助下,她成功將天鵝送到了康復(fù)中心,但天鵝最終還是因感染而去世。這個故事展示了人們?yōu)檎纫吧鷦游锼冻龅呐Α?/p>
做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細(xì)分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù)。
8~11.【答案】D、C、B、A【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段The
project
is
not
meant
as
a
wild
experiment:it's
being
built
as
a
practical
solution
to
the
reality
of
sea
level
rise.(該項目并不意味著是一個瘋狂的實驗:它是作為海平面上升現(xiàn)實的實際解決方案而建造的。)可知建造這座漂浮城市的目的是為了應(yīng)對海平面上升。故選D。
(2)段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段
The
units
are
constructed
in
a
local
shipyard,then
pulled
to
the
floating
city.Once
in
position,they
are
joined
to
a
large
underwater
concrete
frame
which
is
fixed
to
the
seabed
on
telescopic(可伸縮的)steel
poles
that
let
it
gently
flow
with
the
waves.(這些裝置在當(dāng)?shù)氐脑齑瑥S建造,然后被拖到漂浮的城市。一旦就位,它們就被連接到一個巨大的水下混凝土框架上,這個框架被固定在海底的可伸縮鋼桿上,讓它隨著波浪輕輕地流動。)可知第四段的段落大意是"城市的建設(shè)過程"。故選C。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段There
will
be
electricitypowered
mainly
by
solar
energy.(將會有主要由太陽能提供動力的電。)可知電力主要是由太陽能產(chǎn)生的。故選B。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段There
will
be
electricitypowered
mainly
by
solar
energy.As
an
alternative
to
air
conditioning,the
city
will
use
deep
sea
water
cooling,which
involves
pumping
cold
water
from
the
deep
sea
into
the
lagoon,helping
to
save
energy.(將會有主要由太陽能供電的電力。作為空調(diào)的替代方案,該市將使用深海海水冷卻,包括將冷水從深海泵入瀉湖,以幫助節(jié)約能源。)可知這座城市是環(huán)境友好型的。A.The
city
is
environmentally
friendly.這座城市是環(huán)境友好型的;B.The
city
has
no
modern
equipment.這座城市沒有現(xiàn)代設(shè)備;C.The
life
of
the
city
is
not
very
convenient.城市的生活不太方便;D.The
government
authorities
love
the
life
here.政府當(dāng)局熱愛這里的生活。故選A。
本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一個正在印度洋上興建的浮動城市,它被設(shè)計成腦珊瑚的形狀,包括住宅、餐廳、商店和學(xué)校等5000個浮動單元,居民將于2024年開始入住,整個城市預(yù)計在2027年完工。該項目旨在解決海平面上升的現(xiàn)實問題,因為馬爾代夫是世界上最容易受到氣候變化影響的國家之一,80%的土地面積低于1米,而海平面預(yù)計到本世紀(jì)末將上升1米。該城市的建設(shè)已經(jīng)得到當(dāng)?shù)厣汉鲗<液驼畽C構(gòu)的批準(zhǔn),旨在實現(xiàn)自給自足,使用太陽能發(fā)電和深海水制冷等節(jié)能措施。
一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點,并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章。
首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息,然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀,對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實際閱讀中,有時作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜",通過構(gòu)詞,語法,定義,同位,對比,因果,常識,上下文等線索確定詞義。
12~15.【答案】D、B、C、A【解析】(1)猜測詞義題。根據(jù)文章第二段
Today
even
Mr
Jobs
might
be
surprised
by
how
many
uses
have
been
found
for
his
versatile
device.The
small
screen
has
come
to
deal
with
banking,networking,map-reading,gaming
and
much
more.Apple
and
other
phonemakers
have
been
enriched
by
hardware
sales.(今天,即使是喬布斯先生也可能會驚訝于他的多功能設(shè)備有如此多的用途。小屏幕已經(jīng)可以處理銀行業(yè)務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、地圖閱讀、游戲等等。蘋果和其他手機制造商已經(jīng)從硬件銷售中獲益匪淺。)可知versatile的意思是"多功能的"。A.Being
easy
to
use.易于使用的;B.Being
very
smart.非常聰明的;C.Being
very
expensive.非常昂貴的;D.Having
many
functions.具有多種功能的。故選D。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段Phone
sales
have
been
in
gentle
decline(下降)
since
2016,as
slower
technological
improvement
has
led
to
people
upgrading
less
often.(自2016年以來,手機銷量一直在溫和下降,因為技術(shù)進步放緩導(dǎo)致人們升級的頻率降低。)可知自2016年以來,手機銷量一直在下降,因為人們發(fā)現(xiàn)升級智能手機的需求減少了。故選B。
(3)觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第四段Most
of
America's
big
tech
companies
are
developing
or
already
selling
VR
or
AR
headsets.What
has
so
far
been
a
niche(小眾的)
market
is
about
to
become
very
crowded.(美國大多數(shù)大型科技公司都在開發(fā)或已經(jīng)在銷售VR或AR頭戴設(shè)備。迄今為止的利基市場將變得非常擁擠。)和第五段Any
claim
to
have
discovered
the
next
big
platform
deserves
caution(謹(jǐn)慎).(任何聲稱發(fā)現(xiàn)了下一個大平臺的說法都值得警惕)可知作者對頭戴設(shè)備成為下一件大事的可能性持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。A.Doubtful.懷疑的;B.Negative.否定的;C.Cautious.謹(jǐn)慎的;D.Positive.積極的。故選C。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Customers
gradually
favour
new
wearable
devices.These
include
voice-activated
smart
headphones,which
can
make
calls
and
read
messages.Smart
watches
can
deal
with
scheduling,navigation
and
fitness.A
growing
array
of
health-tech
products
measure
everything
from
blood
sugar
to
sleep
patterns.In
America
unit
sales
of
these"wearables"are
already
close
to
sales
of
smartphones.(消費者逐漸青睞新的可穿戴設(shè)備。其中包括聲控智能耳機,可以打電話和閱讀信息。智能手表可以處理日程安排、導(dǎo)航和健身。越來越多的健康科技產(chǎn)品測量從血糖到睡眠模式的一切。在美國,這些"可穿戴設(shè)備"的單位銷量已經(jīng)接近智能手機的銷量。)可知"可穿戴設(shè)備"的銷量可能正在上升。故選A。
本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了15年前,史蒂夫?喬布斯發(fā)布了一款音樂播放器、手機和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)通訊器的組合設(shè)備——iPhone。
一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點,并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章。
首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息,然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀,對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實際閱讀中,有時作者并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜",通過構(gòu)詞,語法,定義,同位,對比,因果,常識,上下文等線索確定詞義。
16~20.【答案】C、A、D、F、G【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文A
study
session
with
friends
can
be
an
excellent
way
to
learn(和朋友在一起進行一場學(xué)習(xí)會議是一種很好的學(xué)習(xí)方式);以及后半句a
study
session
can
help
you
to
fully
understand
difficult
materials,prepare
for
exams,and
finally
earn
strong
grades(學(xué)習(xí)會議可以幫助你充分理解困難的材料,為考試做準(zhǔn)備,并最終獲得高分),可知表示"如果你把它作為一項常規(guī)活動"的選項C可以承接前文A
study
session的話題,引出后文對于A
study
session好處的介紹,故選C。
(2)主題判斷題。根據(jù)后文One
of
the
most
effective
ways
to
learn
is
actually
to
teach
other
people.Try
giving
each
member
a
different
task
and
take
turns
teaching
each
other.This
greatly
benefits
both
the
"teacher"
as
well
as
the
whole
group(最有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法之一實際上是教別人。試著給每個成員一個不同的任務(wù),輪流教對方。這對'老師'和整個團隊都有很大的好處),可知表示"互相教導(dǎo)"的選項A可以本段的主題,介紹A
study
session可以起到互相教導(dǎo)的作用,故選A。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Another
great
aspect
of
working
with
a
group
is
the
ability
to
quiz
one
another.You
can
simply
ask
each
other
questions
out
loud(與團隊合作的另一個重要方面是相互提問的能力。你可以簡單地大聲問對方問題),可知表示"這意味著在演講中互相提問"的選項D可以承接前文相互提問的話題,介紹前句的含義,故選D。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Share
notes.Three
or
four
heads
are
better
than
one(分享筆記。三個或四個腦袋總比一個好),可知表示"試著交換你們每個人在課堂上做的筆記"的選項F可以承接前文分享筆記的話題,介紹具體的方法,故選F。
(5)推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Answer
each
other's
questions.Knowing
what
you
don't
understand
and
putting
that
into
a
question
for
your
group
is
an
excellent
exercise(回答彼此的問題。了解自己不理解的內(nèi)容并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為團隊的問題是一項很好的練習(xí)),可知表示"嘗試回答對方的問題對每個成員和團隊來說都很好"的選項G可以承接前文回答彼此的問題的話題,介紹回答對方的問題的好處,故選G。
這是一篇說明文。作者介紹了和朋友在一起進行一場學(xué)習(xí)會議的具體方法以及由此產(chǎn)生的好處。
做題步驟:
步驟一:快速瀏覽一遍備選答案,先確定哪個選項適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:標(biāo)題,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步驟二:快速瀏覽文章,確定文章體裁,抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。
步驟三:分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu),找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。
步驟四:注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段,尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。
步驟五:區(qū)分相似項。
21~35.【答案】A、D、C、D、B、C、A、D、C、B、A、D、B、A、C【解析】(1)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.quick快速的;B.formal正式的;C.late遲到的;D.different不同的。根據(jù)后文Noticing
the
(8)interaction(干擾),the
staff
at
the
cafe
wanted
to
ensure
that
the
teenager
is
safe可知注意到這種不尋常的互動,咖啡館的工作人員希望確保這名少年的安全。說明服務(wù)員做出了快速的反應(yīng)。故答案為A。
(2)考查動詞及語境理解。A.made制作;B.searched尋找;C.called打電話;D.shared分享。根據(jù)后文How(14)I
am
for
people
who(15)others,the
mother
ended
her
post.可知"我是多么感激關(guān)心他人的人,"這位母親結(jié)束了她的帖子。說明她分享了一個帖子。故答案為D。
(3)考查名詞及語境理解。A.email電子郵件;B.prize獎項;C.message信息;D.invi
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