語法拓展動詞不定式全解

資料來源：3A動詞不定式是由“不定式符號to+動詞”構(gòu)成的一種非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)有些動詞不定式不帶to，動詞不定式可以作句子的主語、表語、賓語、定語、補語、Asyoungadults,itisourdutytotryourbesttodealwitheachTheheadteachersaiditwasnecessarytotalkwithhisHowtomakerequestspoliyisThebestwaytoimproveyourEnglishistojoinanEnglishThefirstthingistogreetthe可以接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語的動詞主要有：要求選擇同意(ask,choose,agree)，期望決定學習(expect,hope,decide,learn)，寧可假裝知道(prefer,pretend,know)，希望想要愿意(wish,want,wouldlike/love)。如：WedecidedtotalktosomestudentsaboutwhytheygoHepreferstoeatwhitebreadandI’dlovetovisit動詞decide,know,learn,show,teach,l...，介詞結(jié)構(gòu)on...可用疑問詞帶to的不定式短語作賓語，但why后面的不定式不帶to。如：CouldyoupleaselmewheretoparkmyItgivesadviceonwhattodoinlotsofdifferent動詞feel,find,make,think等后面，可以用it作形式賓語代替真正的賓語——動詞不定式，句子結(jié)構(gòu)是...feel/find/make/...it+adj./n.+todo...。如：Ifinditdifficulttorememberv-ingbegin,start,like,love等。一般說來，動詞不定式表一次、數(shù)次的具體動作、將來動作或動作的全過程，v-ing形式表習慣性的連續(xù)動作。但是這種區(qū)別并不很嚴格，特別是英語，即使是習慣性的動作也可以用動詞不定式。如：ThenIstartedtowatchEnglish-languageI’mbeginningtounderstandmyroots,andwhoIIliketoeat感知動詞like,love,know后接動詞不定式或v-ing形式作賓語，意思差別較大的動詞有forget,remember等。后接不定式作賓語，表動作尚未發(fā)生；后接v-ing形式作賓語，表動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。stoptodo停下來做另外一件事，todo是目的狀語；stopng停止做、不做當前這件事，ng是賓語。trytodo盡力做，tryng試試看；goontodo接著做另外的事，goonng繼續(xù)做原來的事。如：WhenIlefthome,IhadforgottentobringitwithIstoppedusingthemlastIhavesomanychorestodoIcan’tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveBasketballhas eamorepopularsportforpeopletoHeneedstimetodoIsthatagoodcetohangYouwanttoknowthebestwaytogetaroundthe1)There’sjustsomuchtoseeanddo2)...buttherearestillmanythingstodotobedone，句子的賓語、在主語態(tài)句里用帶to的動詞不定式作補語的動詞主要有：要求允許提議(ask,allow,permit,advise)，期望邀請鼓勵(expect,suppose,invite,encourage)，教導告訴想要(teach,lwant)，等待希望愿意(waitforwish,wouldlikelove)、IdinvitehertohavedinneratmyTeenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownEnglishissupposedtobeusedonphones.，動詞不定式作補語在主動語態(tài)句里不帶to語態(tài)句里帶to時多數(shù)動詞是make，二“聽”：hear,listento，一“感覺”：feel，一“注意”：notice。如：，ThispicturemakesmefeelOfcoursewewanttoseeLiuYuachievehis帶to表直接幫助。在語態(tài)句里，或者用不定式的否定式作補語時要帶to。1)...theycanhelpyoutocomparetwodifferentproductssothatyoucanbuytheoneyoureallyneed.2)UsingEnglishhelpsyouwritebesaid,besure,happen,seem等后面可以接帶to的動詞不定式作主語的補語。Hedoesn’tseemtohavemanyBesurenottomissthemiftheycometoacitynearInordernottooffendpeople,learningaboutlanguageetiquetteisjustasimportantaslearninggrrorvocabulary.Agroupofyoungpeoplegottogetherto(inordertosoasto)discussthisquestion.todo/inordertodo/soastodo用作目的狀語，置句末時都可以用，置句首時只用todoinordertodo。soastodo一般不置于句首，可以引導結(jié)果狀語從句，inordertodo不引導結(jié)果狀語從句。原因狀語，多見于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”Mydogsnameis“Lucky”—agoodnameforhimbecauseIfeelveryluckytohaveOnMondayhetoldaradiointerviewerthathehadrunoutofmoneytobuyold結(jié)果狀語，多見于“too...to”，“enoughto...”ThenI’mtootiredtodowell.WhatshouldITheroomneedstobebigenoughforthreepeopletolive的主語有邏輯的動賓關(guān)系。動詞不定式前面的形容詞一般是：cheap,dangerous,difficult,easy,fun,hard,interesting,necessary。不定式常用主動式表意義。...themistakesyoumadearenecessaryforyoutolearnandI’dliketostayhealthy,buttobehonest,IonlyeatfoodthattastesTobeginwith,shespoketooquickly,andIcouldn’tunderstandevery動詞不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)是“forofsb.todosth.”forof引出不定式動作的邏輯主構(gòu)的介詞用for還是of，主要決定于前面形容詞的性質(zhì)。一般說來，of前面的形容詞是careful,cleverfoolish,good,kind,nicewise等，既說明人的特性，又說明不定式動作的特性。fordangerous,difficult,easy,hard,heavy,important,interesting,necessary等，一般說明不定式動作的特性，不說明人的特性。前面如果是名詞用for。如：Itsalsoprobablyagoodideaforparentstoallowteenagerstostudyingroupsduringtheevening.Zoosareterriblecesforanimalsto動詞不定式前面可以帶疑問代詞what,which,who或疑問副詞how,when,where,使用。要注意的是，why后面的不定式不帶to。如：Idon’tknowwhattotrynext.作賓語Wheretogoisnotdecidedyet.(作主語What