新概念英語第二冊筆記-第73課

Lesson73Therecorder-holder紀(jì)錄保持者【Text】Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles.HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.Fromthere,hehitchhikedtoParisinalorry.Thedrivergavehimafewbiscuitsandacupofcoffeeandlefthimjustoutsidethecity.ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.Hehassurelysetuparecordforthethousandsofchildrenwhodreamofevadingschool.【課文翻譯】學(xué)的孩子們都缺乏想像力。他們通常能夠做到的，至多也就是安靜地釣上一天魚，或在電影院里坐上8個小時，一遍遍地看同一部電影。而有那么一個小男孩，他在逃學(xué)期間旅行了1,600英里，從而使上述所有逃學(xué)的孩子們都相形見絀了。他搭便車到了多佛，天快黑時鉆進了一條船，想找個地方睡覺。第二天早上他醒來時，發(fā)現(xiàn)船在這段時間已經(jīng)到了加萊絲。當(dāng)男孩從船里爬出來時，誰也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)他。從那里他又搭上卡車到了巴黎。司機給了他幾塊餅干和一杯咖啡，就把他丟在了城外。男孩截住的第二輛車并沒有如他所愿將他再到巴黎市區(qū)，而是將他載到了法國與西班牙的邊境城市——佩皮尼昂。不幸的是，在那里他被警察找到了，被當(dāng)?shù)卣菜突亓擞⒏裉m。在千千萬萬夢想著逃學(xué)的孩子當(dāng)中，他可是創(chuàng)下了一個“不朽的記錄”。Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語record-holder

紀(jì)錄保持者

truant

n.逃學(xué)的孩子record-holder

紀(jì)錄保持者

truant

n.逃學(xué)的孩子

unimaginative

adj.缺乏想像力的

shame

n.慚愧，羞恥

hitchhike

v.搭便車旅行meantime

n.其間

lorry

n.卡車

border

n.邊界

evade

v.逃避，逃離【生詞講解】record-holder記錄保持者record1）n記錄setuparecord創(chuàng)造記錄builduparecord創(chuàng)造記錄makearecord創(chuàng)造記錄createarecord創(chuàng)造記錄holdarecord保持記錄breakarecord打破記錄beatarecord打破記錄smasharecord大破記錄2）v*r?k??d]錄音，錄像2.truantn逃學(xué)的孩子(childwhostaysawayfromschoolwithoutpermission)playtruant逃學(xué)eg:To

him,

home

wasjust

likea

hell.So

he

beganto

play

truant

andthen

atlasthe

lefthishome.對他來說，家就像地獄一般。

于是這個孩子開始逃學(xué)然后索性離家出走。playhooky逃學(xué)，曠課（美）evadeschool逃學(xué)truancyn逃學(xué)，曠課的（事）3.unimaginativeadj 缺乏想象力的 Imaginative adj 有想象力的 Imaginev 想象 imaginedoingsth 想象做某事 imaginesth/that 想象某事 egDon`tyouimaginethatIcanlendyoumoneyeverytimeyouneedit?你難道以為你每次缺錢我都能借給你嗎？imaginaryadj想象中的，不真實的，假象的imaginableadj可想象的imaginationn想象力；想象的事物imagen肖像，形象；比喻4.shame1)n[u]慚愧；羞恥putsbtoshame使…感到慚愧；使…黯然失色；大大優(yōu)于某人egCinderella`sbeautyputhersisterstoshame.灰姑娘的美麗令她的姐姐們相形見絀。bringshameonsb使…蒙羞egSheblushedwithshame.她慚愧的egHefeltnoshameatlosinginthegame.比賽失敗了，他不覺得慚愧。2)n[c]遺憾的事，可惜egWhatashame!/whatapity!多遺憾呀！egWhatashamethatyouhavetoleavesosoon!多遺憾呀你這么快又要走了。3)n[c]恥辱，可恥之事egHewascalledashametotheirschool.大家稱他為學(xué)校之恥。egShame!可恥！egShameonyou!真丟人！toone`sshame令某人感到羞恥的事egTomyshame,Imadeamistakeagain.令我羞恥的是，我又犯錯了。shamefuladj可恥的，丟臉的ashamefulconduct可恥的行為shamelessadj厚顏無恥的，不要臉的ashamelesscheat厚顏無恥的騙子ashamelessliar厚顏無恥的說謊者shamefullyadv可恥地，丟臉地shamelesslyadv厚顏無恥地，不要臉地5.hitchhikev搭便車旅行hitchv搭便車eg:CanIhitchalifttoParis?我能打車去巴黎嗎？hiken/v遠(yuǎn)足，徒步旅行hitchhikern搭車者asforalift=getafreeride要求搭車givesbalift讓某人搭車6.meantime1)n期間inthemeantime在此期間；與此同時egInthemeantime,westudied72lessons.在此期間，我們學(xué)了72課。egInthemeantime,thelorrytraveled1600miles.在此期間，卡車走了1600英里。2)adv期間，同時（相當(dāng)于meanwhile）egIcontinuedwatchingTV.Meanwhile,Iknittedmynewsweateroutofwool.我繼續(xù)看電視，同時我在編制一個新的毛衣。7.lorryn卡車復(fù)數(shù)：lorriesegThegoods

willbe

carried

by

lorry

to

Dalian.

貨物將用卡車運往大連。truckn載貨卡車（美）8.border1)n邊界，國界theFrench-Spanishborder法國西班牙邊界borderland邊疆borderline國境線borderlinecase兩可情形egIt`saborderlinecasewhetherIcanpasstheexamornot.我能否通過考試還是兩可。egAnne

willcertainly

passthe

exam,

but

Susan

isa

borderline

case.安考試肯定會及格，但蘇珊是個蠻危險的個案。boundaryn界限，分界線limitn界限，極限edgen邊緣marginn空白邊緣，頁邊空白outlinen輪廓，外形2)n邊，緣，邊沿；（衣服的）滾邊aborderofflowersroundthelawn草皮四周邊緣的花壇egThehandkerchiefhasalaceborder.那條手帕有蕾絲花邊。3)v和…接壤，（土地）毗鄰egFranceborders(on)Germany.法國和德國接壤。borderon幾乎是，近似egHissuccessbordersonamiracle.他的成功幾乎是個奇跡。9.evadev逃避，逃離，（近義詞avoid)evadeschool=playtruant逃學(xué)evadeaquestion=avoidansweringaquestion回避一個問題evadeenemies躲避敵人evadetaxes逃稅evasionn躲避，逃避escapev逃走，逃跑，逃離escapefromprison=escapeoutofprison越獄，從監(jiān)獄逃跑evadev躲避，閃避，巧妙地躲避【課文講解】1.Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾children,逃學(xué)的孩子是沒有想象力的。2.Aquietday`sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.本句話主語比較長，Aquietday`sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain整句話都是主語，后面的系動is,表語成分是usuallyasfarastheyget.主語中間由or連接，or連接的前后是選擇關(guān)系。當(dāng)or連接主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)有后面句子的主干決定，也就是就近原則。Or后面的主語是：eighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandover,句子的主干是eighthours，8小時做主干的時候，謂語動詞要看做單數(shù)的。時間、金錢做主語時，謂語動詞都要用單數(shù)。overandoveragain反反復(fù)復(fù)地，一再地egHedidn`tunderstand,soIhadtosayitoverandoveragain.他不理解，所以我不得不一遍又一遍的講這件事情。asfaras就…的限度asfarastheeyecanreach就視力所能及asfarasIknow就我所知道的asfarasIamconcerned就我所相關(guān)的3.Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruanttravelled1,600miles.這句話首先要注意定語從句，Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboy，他們被一個孩子比的相形見絀，那么是一個什么孩子呢？Whowhileplayingtruanttravelled1,600miles.逃學(xué)的時候跑了1600英里的這樣的孩子；who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句修飾aboy；而在定語從句中插入一個時間狀語whilepalyingtruant,當(dāng)我們強調(diào)時間的時候，把whileplayingtruant插到中間起強調(diào)作用4.HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.hitchhikev搭車首先注意wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep,鉆進一條船，想找地方睡覺，tofind是動詞不定式做目的狀語，表示某個睡覺的地方；tosleep不定式做定語修飾somewhere.hitchhiketo…搭車去…towardsevening天快黑的時候，臨近黃昏的時候towardsevening是插入時間狀語，起到強調(diào)作用；臨近黃昏的時候，他鉆進一條船，想找個地方睡覺。towards1)prep時間接近towardsevening天快黑的towardstheendofthegame比賽快結(jié)束的時候2)對于，關(guān)于attitudetowardssb對某人的態(tài)度3)有…的趨勢adistincttendencytowardsinflation通貨膨脹趨勢很明顯5.Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.inthemeantime在此期間，有是一個插入時間狀語6.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.notice1)v注意，留意，看到noticesb注意到某人eg:Ididn`tnoticeyourparents.我沒有注意到你的父母親。noticesbdosth注意到某人做了某事（動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生完了）noticesbdoingsth注意到某人正在做某事（動作正在發(fā)生）eg:Haveyounoticedhercry?你注意到她哭了嗎？eg:Hewasnoticedbreakingopenthewindow.有人注意他正破窗而入。notice+that/wh做賓語eg:Inoticethatyouweren`tamongthecontestants.我注意到你不再參賽者之中。egHedidn`tnoticehowshefeltwhenheintroducedhisgirlfriendtoher.當(dāng)他把女朋友介紹給他的時候，他沒有注意到她的感受。2)n注意，注目attractnotice/drawnotice引人注目3)n通知，通告egWaituntilfurthernotice.等待進一步通知。4)n公告，帖示postanotice/putupanotice張貼一張告示bringsthtoone`snotice使某人看見，注意到noticeboard布告欄bulletinboard布告欄（美語）creepoff爬出來creepinto悄悄混進去，爬進去creepupon/creepover悄悄地來到（表示時間，感覺等不知不覺到來）eg:Agecreptuponhim.他感覺不知不覺變老了。creepv四足動物爬行crawlv動物以腹部爬行7.Fromthere,hehitchhikedtoParisinalorry.Thedrivergavehimafewbiscuitsandacupofcoffeeandlefthimjustoutsidethecity.outsidethecity在城外outsideprepegItisoutsidemybusiness.不管我的事情8.ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.定語從句theboystopped小男孩所攔住的下一輛車，修飾nextcar.ashehopeditwould,像他所希望的那樣；as引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句是方式狀語從句，9.TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.pickup1)拾起，拿起pickupacoinintheroad在馬路上撿起一枚硬幣pickupthetelephone拿起聽筒，拿起電話2)搭載乘客；駕車去接人egShallIpickyouupatthestation?我去車站接你吧？3)恢復(fù)，使恢復(fù)，變好（通常描述健康，經(jīng)濟，事態(tài)等變好）egIbelievethingswillpickupsoon.我相信一切都會好起來的。sendbackto送回去thelocalanthorities地方當(dāng)局theschoolauthorities學(xué)校當(dāng)局theanthoritiesconcerned有關(guān)當(dāng)局10.Hehassurelysetuparecordforthethousandsofchildrenwhodreamofevadingschool.定語從句whodreamofevadingschool夢想逃學(xué)的孩子們，修飾children.setuparecordfor…為…創(chuàng)造dreamofdoingsth夢想做…7.pickup8.sendbackto7.pickup8.sendbackto9.localauthorities10.setuparecord11.dreamofdoingsth1.playtruant2.overandover3.asfaras4.putsbtoshame5.inthemeantime6.creepoff【KeyStructures】1.簡單句：只包含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，而句子各個成分都只有單詞或者短語表示。2.并列句：句子包含有兩個或兩個以上互不依靠的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，并列句中的分句通常用一個并列連詞連接。3復(fù)合句：包含有兩個或者更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，其中有一個（或更多的）主謂結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)句子的某一部分如句子充當(dāng)主語，狀語，賓語，標(biāo)語，定語等。Exercises用括號中的連詞改寫句子Theclimbersreachedthetopofthemountain.Theyspentthenightthere.(notonly…but…aswell)Theclimbersnotonlyreachedthetopofthemountain,butspentthenightthereaswell.爬山者不但到達(dá)山頂，而且在那兒度過一個晚上。（主語是theclimbers,那么notonly…but…aswell連接并列的謂語動詞）2)Afirebrokeoutinacinema.Severalhundredpeopletriedtoleavethebuilding.Anumberofthemwereinjured.(when…and)Whenafirebrokeoutinacinema,severalhundredpeopletriedtoleavethebuildingandanumberofthemwereinjured.當(dāng)電影院里發(fā)生大火時，幾百人想要逃生，很多人受傷了。(when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，and連接前后并列關(guān)系的并列句）3)JamesSullivanwillgivealectureatthelocallibrarynextweek.HisbookontheAntarcticwaspublishedrecently.(whose)JamesSullivan,whosebookontheAntarcticwaspublishedrecently,willgivealectureofthelocallibrarynextweek.JamesSullivan在下星期在當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館將進行一場報告，他的關(guān)于南極的書剛剛被出版。（whose引導(dǎo)一個定語從句表所有關(guān)系，whosebookontheAntarcticwaspublishedrecently是一個定語從句，緊跟在先行詞JamesSullivan后面，再后面跟出一個謂語動詞willgivealectureofthelocallibrarynextweek.）4)IhidtheChristmaspresentsunderthedeskquickly.Myyoungdaughterwouldnotseethem.Sheenteredtheroom.(sothat,when)IhidtheChristmaspresentsunderthedeskquicklysothatmyyoungdaughterwouldnotseethemwhensheenteredtheroom.我迅速地把圣誕禮物藏在桌子下面，目的是不讓我女兒進屋的時候看到這些禮物。(sothat引導(dǎo)的是一個目的狀語從句，而when引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，連接主從符合句。）5)Irefusedtheoffer.Iexplained.Ihadalreadybeenofferedajobbyanothercompany.（refusing,that)Refusingtheoffer,IexplainedthatIhadalreadybeenofferedajobbyanothercompany.拒絕這份工作我解釋到，我已經(jīng)被另外一家公司給與一份工作了。（refusing是一個現(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)狀語，使用現(xiàn)在分詞refusing做狀語成分，而that連接解釋的內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句）6)Hefoughtthewolvesforthreehours.Helparrived.(before)Hefoughtthewolvesforthreehoursbeforehelparrived.在援助到來之前他和狼群搏斗了3個小時。（before連接的通常是時間狀語從句）7)Thepolicesearchedeverywhere.Theymissingboycouldnotbefound.Hisdogcouldnotbefound.(Although…neither…nor)Althoughthepolicesearchedeverywhere,neitherthemissingboynorhisdogcouldbefound.盡管警察到處的搜尋，小孩和他的狗都沒有被找到。(although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，neither…nor前者也不，后者也不，連接并列句。在主句中間，neitherthemissingboynorhisdog,neither…nor連接并列的主語成分，neither…nor本身有否定含義，所以謂語動詞couldbe不再出現(xiàn)否定）8)Fareshaveincreased.Therailwaycompanyisstilllosingmoney.Theemployeeshavedemandedhigherwages.(Inspiteofthefactthat…because…)Inspiteofthefactthatfareshaveincreased,therailwayscompanyisstilllosingmoneybecausetheemployeeshavedemandedhigherwages.盡管車費漲了這一事實，鐵路公司仍舊在虧錢，因為員工要求更高的工資。(Inspiteof是一個介詞短語，盡管的含義，thefact,盡管這個事實，那么是什么事實呢？That從句是個同位語從句，告訴我們事實的內(nèi)容；because引導(dǎo)一個原因狀語從句）9)Hegavemeafright.Iknockedtheteapotover.(such…that)HegavemesuchafrightthatIknockedtheteapotover.他嚇了我如此一跳，以至于我把茶壺打翻了。(such…that表示如此…以至于…；such后面通常加名詞或者名詞短語，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句）10)Imadesure.Thealarmclockworked.Isetit.Itwouldringatsixo`clock.(Aftermaking…tha