項(xiàng)目組織管理兵法型

主要內(nèi)容項(xiàng)目組織管理層次項(xiàng)目相關(guān)利益主體項(xiàng)目組織環(huán)境項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理管理項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)管理項(xiàng)目實(shí)施組織及其環(huán)境管理項(xiàng)目全團(tuán)隊(duì)管理第一節(jié)項(xiàng)目組織管理層次一、項(xiàng)目組織管理的四個(gè)層次二、項(xiàng)目組織管理的境界與要求最高境界是實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目利益的最大化和項(xiàng)目利益分配的合理化。首先應(yīng)該保障的是項(xiàng)目利益的最大化。其次應(yīng)該設(shè)法使項(xiàng)目利益分配合理化?；疽笫且Ｕ享?xiàng)目各相關(guān)利益主體能夠共同合作。第一節(jié)項(xiàng)目組織管理層次第二節(jié)項(xiàng)目相關(guān)利益主體一、項(xiàng)目主要的相關(guān)利益主體(projectstakeholders)——那些利益受項(xiàng)目成敗影響的個(gè)人或組織。

一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的主要相關(guān)利益主體通常包括下述幾個(gè)方面：

1．項(xiàng)目的業(yè)主2．項(xiàng)目的客戶3．項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理4．項(xiàng)目實(shí)施組織5．項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)6．其他相關(guān)利益主體

第二頁節(jié)余項(xiàng)累目相撿關(guān)利板益主罰體1財(cái).項(xiàng)目對的業(yè)唱主項(xiàng)筍目癥的抵業(yè)巡壽主成是析項(xiàng)鑄目多的粥投喬資道人轉(zhuǎn)和廢所墳有罩者覺。呀項(xiàng)影目葉業(yè)溫主智是磚一嬌個(gè)指項(xiàng)悅目餡的最路終祝決法策脆者，成他擦擁星有伍對燥于握項(xiàng)導(dǎo)目蠢的蓮工親期平、咳成參本旅、伐質(zhì)券量嶺和繪集切成債管澆理迷等梨方旦面啟的互最銹高膚決喘策撥權(quán)耕力誘。揉項(xiàng)譯目殺業(yè)循主前有攪時(shí)抖還雖是靠項(xiàng)叫目尿的不直茄接吊用肢戶株，悉有旺時(shí)莊甚衛(wèi)至號還焰是庸項(xiàng)犧目免的郊實(shí)想施鎮(zhèn)者摩。2.項(xiàng)目寺的客龜戶項(xiàng)喜目露的尖客翠戶悔是使夠用買項(xiàng)黎目唯成千果的篩個(gè)余人哪或夸組腸織食。詢?nèi)芜€何箱一異個(gè)毛項(xiàng)唱目遮都扇是殲為涂項(xiàng)狀目帶客印戶語服劈燕務(wù)久的提，宅都木是嗎供扛項(xiàng)知目泄客老戶息使陵用肢的型，殖所覽以姑在厚項(xiàng)墳?zāi)咳芗y理德中蠢必哀須懂認(rèn)扯真著考抓慮恒項(xiàng)稠目位客弱戶謹(jǐn)?shù)母G需惹要鋪、貸期識望民和圾要服求火。第二秧節(jié)蠟項(xiàng)谷目相駱關(guān)利勸益主獻(xiàn)體3勺.項(xiàng)目純經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目草經(jīng)理起是負(fù)泊責(zé)輛管搞理寨整火個(gè)桑項(xiàng)藏目的人最。項(xiàng)夏目經(jīng)堵理既水是一佳個(gè)項(xiàng)霧目的供領(lǐng)導(dǎo)賊者、找組織買者、造管理單者和淘項(xiàng)目譽(yù)管理姿決策蓮的制賊定者慰，也罷是項(xiàng)屬目重希大決撞策的藍(lán)執(zhí)行畜者。4.項(xiàng)目研實(shí)施忌組織項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)的實(shí)色施組柏織是叛指完顛成一墊個(gè)項(xiàng)腹目主和要工即作的企業(yè)父或組總織。一始個(gè)項(xiàng)磨目可棚能會陵有很飯多個(gè)狠實(shí)施耽組織臺，也溜可能攝只有血一個(gè)蹈實(shí)施胞組織活。第二驚節(jié)按項(xiàng)決目相恰關(guān)利稀益主依體5薪.項(xiàng)目墓團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)罪目外團(tuán)死隊(duì)抓是跳具大體拼從事項(xiàng)鵲目全擊部或筒某項(xiàng)治具體栗工作的組窮織或交群體去。項(xiàng)禍目團(tuán)繳隊(duì)是獄由一束組個(gè)濤體成繞員，濱為實(shí)昏現(xiàn)項(xiàng)獅目的欺一個(gè)拾或多走個(gè)目脆標(biāo)而繡協(xié)同拔工作揀的群限體。堵一個(gè)扒項(xiàng)目掏可能誦會有書為完盆成不撇同項(xiàng)插目任撤務(wù)的絲式多個(gè)糞項(xiàng)目候團(tuán)隊(duì)免，也問可能眾只有周一個(gè)承統(tǒng)一五的項(xiàng)蚊目團(tuán)偉隊(duì)。6察.項(xiàng)目唯的其筐他相毒關(guān)利細(xì)益主河體除構(gòu)了遷上系述灑各股種堆項(xiàng)句目察相林關(guān)貌利張益攔主夏體鉗之疾外怠，耀一粒個(gè)榜項(xiàng)夕目摧還微會弱有奴像供應(yīng)岔商、浩貸款揮銀行咱、政向府主危管部存門，菜項(xiàng)雜目襲涉攜及緞的市森民塞、煮社逆區(qū)條、加公模共惹社內(nèi)團(tuán)等方桌面的哀相關(guān)世利益什主體敏或相天關(guān)利吐益者蒸。這雪些不態(tài)同的仙項(xiàng)目矩相關(guān)機(jī)利益?zhèn)黧w頭的需隙要、恩期望握、要京求和襪行為叔都會值對項(xiàng)鐵目的煩成敗劉發(fā)生鉗影響捉，都占需要寫在項(xiàng)單目管掃理中劑給予赤足夠訊的重冰視。二、嶄項(xiàng)目舞相關(guān)程利益執(zhí)主體供之間層的利已益關(guān)野系1．肉項(xiàng)汗目脊業(yè)趣主脹與工項(xiàng)進(jìn)目霞實(shí)稼施詠組足織穗之蒜間拐的鐘利苦益橫關(guān)筋系雙歇方楊利利益公一鴿致劉而管形幣成餃委須托胳和釀受團(tuán)托基的禮關(guān)狀系斜。枝雙惹方墊利翠益媽的買對伸立框和悟沖卡突青需射按攻互縮慧利災(zāi)原篇則誕解乳決倉。2．也其趴他薯人蓄相塞關(guān)側(cè)利富益默主烈體令之匹間跌的錫利述益網(wǎng)關(guān)都系其聰他柳不痕同振項(xiàng)莖目上相獲關(guān)亭利葡益寬主件體懸之割間踏的見利驅(qū)益寧沖鍬突基應(yīng)能采們用合站作億伙專伴壩式俱管慶理注（P狐a辰r伍t貿(mào)n睡e黑r勢i蝦n絨g填M楚a柜n兵a日g續(xù)e涼m泛e跑n爪t）等方擾法解號決。第二菌節(jié)螺項(xiàng)臉目相玩關(guān)利墳益主尿體工錄程泳項(xiàng)糞目料當(dāng)向事墾人診之島間磨的扶關(guān)教系三晌、行項(xiàng)輪目猶全恭團(tuán)數(shù)隊(duì)袖管認(rèn)理惕的僵模小型業(yè)主用戶承包商供應(yīng)商項(xiàng)目促進(jìn)人政府社區(qū)等項(xiàng)目全團(tuán)隊(duì)管理第二登節(jié)退項(xiàng)謊目相另關(guān)利沿益主后體第鋼三打節(jié)臨項(xiàng)獲目迫的遣組窄織用環(huán)畝境一均、勉組將織豆及套其泳文億化嶺的罰影沒響任倒何谷一霸個(gè)吵組罰織掙都格是續(xù)為比完因成蜓一詢定輝的肥使福命亮而疲設(shè)展立霧的辦，綿每殖個(gè)伏組賢織新的畏使桶命鴿、練目商標(biāo)脾、傍環(huán)挨境速和感文夫化須等棵。組織脫結(jié)構(gòu)饑可按弄照從挽面向升功能墻到面搞向項(xiàng)紹目的紫程度品劃分較為：鼓職能茅型、恐矩陣拼型、餐項(xiàng)目磁型和租組合鐮型四怠類。大不同蒼結(jié)構(gòu)且對組越織中珍的項(xiàng)朗目管編理有船影響任框何念組酷織懶都絞有枕自牢己協(xié)的鄉(xiāng)豐文單化惡，剛這摔會彈影銀響曾項(xiàng)爺目郵的向管更理。二、巧職能承型組折織環(huán)貪境雇豎員雇幻玉員P雇差員總經(jīng)流理職以能休部圍門拌經(jīng)帳理職曬能恥部悄門困經(jīng)帆理職能蜓部門杏經(jīng)理雇猛員P雇砍員雇市員P項(xiàng)目蘆協(xié)調(diào)嬸層次第掌三燭節(jié)灑項(xiàng)框目堂的耀組?？椖汰h(huán)科境雇惰員P雇藍(lán)員P雇季員三鞋、齡項(xiàng)驚目孝型提組搞織綢環(huán)辣境雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員雇員總經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理職能部門項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目協(xié)調(diào)層次第桐三摘節(jié)鈴項(xiàng)口目適的臣組棉織訴環(huán)葡境四牌、有矩閘陣晝型吸組類織發(fā)環(huán)池境總行經(jīng)義理職能部門經(jīng)理雇員P雇員P雇員P職能部門經(jīng)理雇員P雇員P雇員P職能部門經(jīng)理雇員P雇員P雇員P項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理P項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理P項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理P項(xiàng)夫目切協(xié)縣調(diào)什層公次第三對節(jié)佛項(xiàng)激目的饒組織心環(huán)境五賠、縱組陜合偶型逆組肅織管織飼環(huán)疼境總經(jīng)譯理職能勺部門廚內(nèi)部拿項(xiàng)目職能部門經(jīng)理雇員P雇員P雇員P職能部門經(jīng)理雇員P雇員P雇員P職能部門經(jīng)理雇員P雇員P雇員P項(xiàng)目辦公室(項(xiàng)目主管)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理P項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理P項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理P第三陽節(jié)效項(xiàng)那目的歲組織幣環(huán)境第三侵節(jié)標(biāo)項(xiàng)涼目的占組織俊環(huán)境三種夏組織屠形式尸的比朝較組織形式優(yōu)點(diǎn)缺點(diǎn)職能式?jīng)]有重復(fù)活動；職能優(yōu)異狹隘、不全面；反應(yīng)緩慢；不注重客戶項(xiàng)目式能控制資源；向客戶負(fù)責(zé)成本較大；項(xiàng)目間缺乏知識信息交流矩陣式有效利用資源；所有專業(yè)知識可供所有項(xiàng)目使用；促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)交流知識；溝通良好；注重客戶雙層匯報(bào)關(guān)系；需要平衡六怒、艷組萌織間環(huán)削境鳳造輝成課的顏項(xiàng)崖目智管某理恩特伐征組織結(jié)構(gòu)特征直線職能型弱矩陣型均衡矩陣型強(qiáng)矩陣型項(xiàng)目型組織項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的權(quán)限很低較低中等中等偏高很高項(xiàng)目全職人員幾乎沒有0-25%15-60%50-95%85-100%項(xiàng)目預(yù)算控制者職能經(jīng)理職能經(jīng)理職能經(jīng)理與項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的角色非全職非全職全職全職全職項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的稱謂項(xiàng)目協(xié)調(diào)人/領(lǐng)導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目協(xié)調(diào)人/領(lǐng)導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/官員項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/官員項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/官員項(xiàng)目管理人員情況非全職非全職非全職全職全職第援三托節(jié)晚項(xiàng)護(hù)目發(fā)的友組肯織煩環(huán)龜境第三倉節(jié)平項(xiàng)易目的踐組織何環(huán)境七廈、宏項(xiàng)牙目聚管宣理坑辦鞭公緒室——組織亂或企旬業(yè)中炊集中步管理密和協(xié)蘋調(diào)各刃個(gè)項(xiàng)延目的筋機(jī)構(gòu)莫，是希企業(yè)怠提高竭自己隔項(xiàng)目搜管理雖成熟面度的糟核心壞部門敗。分類第漫一偷層氧項(xiàng)葛目看級項(xiàng)目存控制旦辦公炎室（P掛C仿O）第二伶層嶼部懶門級項(xiàng)稿目律管造理壘辦索公圾室扭（P齊M依O）第三聰層賣公襯司級戰(zhàn)略椅項(xiàng)目汪管理鑒辦公姥室（SP弊MO）存兩在裙的旗形防式監(jiān)毯測唐中魄心榨、正控麥制濱中松心仆、尿資螞源帳庫第四欄節(jié)匯項(xiàng)贈目團(tuán)呀隊(duì)及印其建朵設(shè)一、句項(xiàng)目稿團(tuán)隊(duì)歸的定環(huán)義與攤特性1．項(xiàng)恒目團(tuán)缸隊(duì)的規(guī)定義項(xiàng)目黨團(tuán)隊(duì)份是由風(fēng)一組可個(gè)體臂成員度為實(shí)卷現(xiàn)一斯個(gè)具利體項(xiàng)拘目的目標(biāo)而圍組花建宏的協(xié)同銅工作雙隊(duì)伍。2．項(xiàng)憶目團(tuán)冰隊(duì)的錘特性（1）承目傾的訊性（2）臨管時(shí)性（3）開坊放性（4）唯注面重挺團(tuán)廢隊(duì)冰精阻神洞與涉合剪作（5）朵接李受薯雙資重卡領(lǐng)薄導(dǎo)二浪、詳項(xiàng)辮目男團(tuán)會隊(duì)敲的如創(chuàng)類建周與媽發(fā)辟展任娃何持項(xiàng)陶目氏團(tuán)香隊(duì)拿的搜建切設(shè)毒和否發(fā)羞展典都訂需拿要怨經(jīng)耐歷形成劉階段廳、震廚蕩階弟段、祖規(guī)范吼階段洞和輝畏煌階鏡段這私樣填四話個(gè)甚階其段乎。項(xiàng)目朵團(tuán)隊(duì)舒的創(chuàng)阿建與狹發(fā)展頌階段訴示意靈圖震蕩階段規(guī)范階段輝煌階段形成階段第纖四嗽節(jié)辱項(xiàng)廟目皇團(tuán)鑄隊(duì)喪及潔其新建鳴設(shè)1．喇形扔成壟階旦段團(tuán)隊(duì)濱成員若由個(gè)耐體而正歸屬乎于團(tuán)閘隊(duì)，悄歸屬公的需途求得隆到滿仙足，警總體倚上有子一種尚積極容向上糧的愿途望，慎團(tuán)隊(duì)句成員土的情股緒特臂點(diǎn)包道括：激竊動取、亮希喪望逢、閉懷兄疑小、竄焦世急察和燥猶熔豫舉，在心專理上撇處于謎一種堵極不酷穩(wěn)定賽的階流段。項(xiàng)目固經(jīng)理視需要諷為整口個(gè)團(tuán)悼隊(duì)明搖確方鉛向、津目標(biāo)膀和任播務(wù)，線為每暮人確翁定職惹責(zé)和邁角色莊。第四納節(jié)日項(xiàng)凈目團(tuán)陜隊(duì)及虜其建沃設(shè)2．震擾蕩階泉段項(xiàng)斯目當(dāng)團(tuán)宋隊(duì)筑成麥員倉開鴨始善合宋作屑后舅就請會家有貼人筒發(fā)刪現(xiàn)蠶各春方斥面全與紫當(dāng)廢初銜的榮設(shè)最想拔和欣期雞望屯不病一士致供動走而露出搜現(xiàn)撓失想望薯，拳結(jié)茅果凍產(chǎn)倒生磁矛就盾料和攤抵較觸拜。憲此桌時(shí)拴團(tuán)喇隊(duì)房誠成廣員攜情徑緒建的滋特馬點(diǎn)像是談：緊少張匆、嫌挫明折違、商不能滿澆、廚對皮立眠和足抵輪制。項(xiàng)目昌經(jīng)理屋需設(shè)所法解諒決出魄現(xiàn)的執(zhí)各種民問題卵和矛余盾，傘消除斗震蕩闊的關(guān)蓄鍵在肥于容晚忍不滿虛的出房誠現(xiàn)和阿積極贏解決圖沖突途，消增除團(tuán)詢隊(duì)中玻的震洗蕩因到素。第寸四魄節(jié)捆項(xiàng)營目留團(tuán)鑄隊(duì)貧及口其切建愉設(shè)3．規(guī)必范階擋段項(xiàng)忙目國團(tuán)張隊(duì)瓦成喘員扁的嗽情鎮(zhèn)緒龜特內(nèi)點(diǎn)桶：信贏任啞、瓣合途作香、釘忠心誠鉛、揀友探誼肚和客滿泛意鍬。項(xiàng)注目巡壽經(jīng)阻理念此型時(shí)中應(yīng)比通絲式過正負(fù)施強(qiáng)化等激幫勵手墨段去然規(guī)范覆人們延的行絞為，蠢應(yīng)開遙展積曲極授任權(quán)和焦支持庫項(xiàng)目蝕團(tuán)隊(duì)槐成員鐵的建鍛議和膚參與劑，應(yīng)忌使整藍(lán)個(gè)團(tuán)職隊(duì)和叫每個(gè)辟團(tuán)隊(duì)胸成員秀的行壘為都傭能為毀實(shí)現(xiàn)臟項(xiàng)目徑目標(biāo)薯服務(wù)竹。第愧四現(xiàn)節(jié)擁項(xiàng)思目兔團(tuán)倘隊(duì)搏及當(dāng)其民建醒設(shè)4．輝宰煌階恭段此時(shí)橋項(xiàng)目賞團(tuán)隊(duì)搶的成傅員積理極工錯(cuò)作，攻項(xiàng)目疾團(tuán)隊(duì)允不斷迎取得乘輝煌鞋成績尖。此協(xié)時(shí)團(tuán)甩隊(duì)成豬員開騰放砌、勤坦哀誠兩、啊相努互刪依胖賴文和久具池有防很霞高耍的替團(tuán)蝦隊(duì)飼集緒體河感矮和棕榮圈譽(yù)根感。項(xiàng)目程經(jīng)理斑在這友一階貞段應(yīng)江該采詠用自皺我管數(shù)理和譯自我貼激勵傘的模穿式開抵展管禽理。第四吊節(jié)棟項(xiàng)暢目團(tuán)螞隊(duì)及牲其建們設(shè)三、堤團(tuán)隊(duì)睡精神爛的內(nèi)脹涵1．芬高峽度貢的棵相些互獨(dú)信千任2．相激互依孝賴性3．傲統(tǒng)澤一夜的和共購?fù)衲康湗?biāo)4．全謙面的蔑互助券合作5．迫平之等些的聲關(guān)鑒系壤與許積稅極付的駐參務(wù)與第尚四萌節(jié)蛾項(xiàng)付目猜團(tuán)聞隊(duì)顧及擺其青建判設(shè)第刑四己節(jié)麗項(xiàng)搭目封經(jīng)淘理項(xiàng)目燒經(jīng)理傭的挑雄選方匙式由高關(guān)層領(lǐng)片導(dǎo)委哄派組織告內(nèi)部娃項(xiàng)目由承丑約商娛和客鴿戶協(xié)筋商選卷擇組右織垮外白部案項(xiàng)脖目競爭顯上崗需要塑規(guī)范稱的程澇序和史客觀煤考核船標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第光四饑節(jié)得項(xiàng)聾目徐經(jīng)罪理一劉、漿項(xiàng)萬目李經(jīng)頓理膛的燙角吧色及與禍職彎責(zé)1．項(xiàng)面目領(lǐng)子導(dǎo)者/決刺策偉人2．項(xiàng)椒目計(jì)輔劃者/分分析微師3．唉項(xiàng)逝目相組疑織響者/合作防者4．貍項(xiàng)演目信控料制傅者/評刮價(jià)才者5．項(xiàng)芽目利頃益協(xié)煉調(diào)人/促忙進(jìn)憂者第吳四敬節(jié)摧項(xiàng)者目歲經(jīng)散理項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理項(xiàng)目委托人/業(yè)主項(xiàng)目其他相關(guān)者項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)項(xiàng)目客戶項(xiàng)目漲