閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解

高三英語專題復(fù)習(xí)

Strategiesfor

QuestionsofDetailsinReadingComprehension英語閱讀理解技巧(事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題)

閱讀是獲得更綜合、更復(fù)雜、更精確信息的必要手段，考生在做閱讀理解時，不僅要看懂文章的字面意思，還需要針對不同題材和體裁的篇目運(yùn)用不同的方法作出正確的選擇。一般來說，詞匯、閱讀速度和理解能力是閱讀理解中三個最重要并且有相互聯(lián)系的因素。閱讀的方法可以使用以下幾種：

1.跳讀：就是快速的一步閱讀法。實(shí)際上是有選擇閱讀，找關(guān)鍵詞。用這種閱讀方法回答who、what、when、where之類的問題最為有效。2.略讀：指比跳讀慢些的二步閱讀法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速閱讀，目的是了解大意，對文章有個總的概念。此種閱讀方法能回答why、how之類的問題。3.精讀：即最細(xì)致、最慢的深層閱讀方法，目的是求得對所讀文章的全部意義的理解與掌握。

1.帶著問題閱讀短文。2.找出主題句、確定中心思想。3.推斷單詞、句子和文章的含義。4.盡快選擇答案。

在使用閱讀技巧時

盡量做到以下幾點(diǎn)：2016新課標(biāo)卷II試題分析ReadingComprehension—

PassageAElectricUnderground7.30pm－1.00amFreeattheCyclopsTheatreDoyouknowwho’splayinginyourarea?We’rebringingyouaneveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract(合同)?Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7.30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic.21.Whocanhelpyouifyouwanttohaveyourmusicproduced?A.JulesSkye. B.GeeWhizz. C.CharlotteStone. D.JamesPickering.ReadingComprehension—

PassageAGeeWhizz8.30pm-10.30pmComedyatKaleidoscopeComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.He’sthefunnieststand-upcomedianonthecomedyscene.Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7.00pmfordrinksandsnacks(快餐).22.Atwhichplacecanpeopleofdifferentagesenjoyagoodlaugh?A.TheCyclopsTheatre. B.Kaleidoscope.C.VictoriaStage. D.PizzaWorld.Simon’sWorkshop5.00pm-7.30pmWednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooksateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.23.WhatdoweknowaboutSimon’sWorkshop?A.Itrequiresmembershipstatus.B.Itlaststhreehourseachtime.C.Itisrunbyacomedyclub. D.ItisheldeveryWednesday.ReadingComprehension—

PassageACharlotteStone8.00pm-11.00pmPizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食).Bookearlytogetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.24.WhenwillCharlotteStone

performhersongs?A.5.00pm－7.30pm. B.7.30pm－1.00am.C.8.00pm－11.00pm.

D.8.30pm－10.30pmReadingComprehension—

PassageAReadingComprehension—

PassageA文章類型：應(yīng)用文（信息量大、有個別不影響理解的生詞）問題類型：細(xì)節(jié)信息提取答題技巧：首先判斷文章體裁是否應(yīng)用文（廣告）閱讀并確定題干中的關(guān)鍵詞（答案出處）尋讀（scanning）、未必逐字逐句閱讀

注意題目數(shù)量（段落）和順序（文中順序）注意審題，切勿答非所問、保證滿分正確利用技巧可以節(jié)省答題時間ReadingComprehension—

PassageBFiveyearsago,whenItaughtartataschoolinSeattle,IusedTinker-toysasatestatthebeginningofatermtofindoutsomethingaboutmystudents.IputasmallsetofTinkertoysinfrontofeachstudent,andsaid:“MakesomethingoutoftheTinkertoys.Youhave45minutestoday－and45minuteseachdayfortherestoftheweek.”25.TheteacherusedTinkertoys

inclassinorderto________.A.knowmoreaboutthestudents

B.makethelessonsmoreexcitingC.raisethestudents’interestinart D.teachthestudentsabouttoydesignReadingComprehension—

PassageDFrankHurley’spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海灘),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.33.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A.Theyweremadelastweek. B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman. D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.ReadingComprehension—PassageDFromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.34.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A.FrankHurley. B.ErnestShackleton.C.RobertFalconScott. D.CarolineAlexander.ReadingComprehension—

PassageDAswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell-researchedstoryTheEndurance,adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.

…Shackleton,aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.35.WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A.Artisticcreation. B.Scientificresearch.C.Moneymaking. D.Treasurehunting.1)

Notlongago,mywife,PJ,andItriedanewdiet—nottolosealittleweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange.Q:Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?A.TotakespecialkindsoffoodB.Torespondtoclimatechange.C.ToloseweightD.Toimprovetheirhealth近義詞because,dueto...todoPractice就近原則：不推比推的好，推得近的比推得遠(yuǎn)的好

2)(2013湖北E篇)Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.Q:Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?A.Theywillearnlessmoney.B.Theywillbecomepessimistic.C.Theywillsuffermentalillness.D.Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.詞性變化high/lowincome做細(xì)節(jié)題，或者是做閱讀理解，即使是掌握了很多技巧，但是沒有足夠的詞匯，要想得高分也是不容易的。所以最基本的還是多積累詞匯，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。就近原則：不推比推的好，推得近的比推得遠(yuǎn)的好3)LastnightIwasdrivingfromHarrisburgtoLewisburg，distanceofabouteightymiles.Itwaslate.SeveraltimesIgotstuckbehindaslow-movingtruckonanarrowroadwithasolidwhitelineonmyleft,andIbecameincreasinglyimpatient.Q:Whydidtheauthorgetimpatientwhiledriving?Hewaslonelyontheroad.Hewassloweddownbyatruck.Hegottiredofdrivingtoolong.D.Hecameacrosstoomanytrafficlights.語言簡化/歸納總結(jié)patient,patience.63. Whatmade“I”finallythinkofgettingacellphone?A.Beingstuckbythehighway. B.Beingurgedbyhisgrandkids.C.Beingpersuadedbycellphonealespersons.D.Beingattractedbythefriendlyreturnpolicy.Mykidshavebeenannoyingmeandthelaststrawwaswhenmycarbrokedown，andIwasstuckbythehighwayforanhourbeforesomeonestoppedtohelp.答非所問偷換概念答非所問解題技巧與策略第一步：略讀題干(Skimming)首先，快速瀏覽每道試題的題干(即問題)。第二步：通讀全文(Scanning)

瀏覽了題干與選項(xiàng)之后，要帶著“問題”通讀全文。第三步：研讀攻關(guān)(Close-reading)

注意對信息進(jìn)行綜合分析，分清主次、真?zhèn)?，避免受信息的干擾，陷入高考題所設(shè)下的“陷阱”，學(xué)會“排除”干擾項(xiàng)。細(xì)節(jié)題類型1wh細(xì)節(jié)題2是非題3排序題4圖表題5計(jì)算題6其它題Questiontypes：Questiontype1:Wh-細(xì)節(jié)題即以_____、_____、____、______、______、_____、_____等疑問詞開頭提問短文具體內(nèi)容。whatwhowhenwherehowwhy1.概念whichTypeⅠ2Wh細(xì)節(jié)題常見的考題形式有：How/When/Whydidsomethinghappen?Whichofthefollowingshouldpeopledoit?Whereshouldsomebodydosomething?--Accordingtothetext/Fromthetext,why/when/where/how/what/who...?...

(NewYork)AFrenchtouristhighlypraisedforrescuingatwo-year-oldgirlinManhattansaidhedidn’tthinktwicebeforedivingintothefreezingEastRiver.Tuesday’sDailyNewssaid29-year-oldJulienDuretfromFranceisthemanwholeftthespotquicklyaftertherescuelastSunday.HeliftedthelittlegirloutofwateraftershefelloffthebankattheSouthStreetSeaportmuseum.Hehandedthegirltoherfather,DavidAnderson,whohaddivedinafterhim.

Readingmaterial1

Q:WhodivedafterDuretintotherivertosavethelittlegirl?

A.DavidAndersonB.Apasser-byC.HisgirlfriendD.Ataxidriver題干是問誰在Duret之后跳進(jìn)河里救人，可以以dive為線索找到原文的Hehandedthegirltoherfather，DavidAnderson，whohaddivedinafterhim，故可知答案是DavidAnderson。1wh-細(xì)節(jié)題1常見的設(shè)問方式：三對一錯或三錯一對1）Whichofthefollowingistrue/false/mentioned?2)Allofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue/falseexcept______.Whichofthefollowingisnottheresultof...?Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?Type2是非題語篇解讀：本篇文章為說明文。說明了什么是食物中毒以及它常見的癥狀，導(dǎo)致食物中毒的原因，如何正確處理食物以減少中毒的可能，最后說明了食物中毒并不可怕，只要休息幾天或多喝開水即可痊愈。Readingmaterial2

Readingmaterial2

Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.

Fever

isoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.第一段____________________________________________QWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.Passage22010年廣東高考閱讀C篇以偏概全三正一誤2是非題Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.

Readingmaterial3

Thehumanbodyisalivingmachine,andlikeallmachines,itneedsfueltosupplyitwithenergy.Thatisthefoodweeat.Buthowmuchdoweneedtostayhealthy?Theenergyvalueoffoodisusuallymeasuredincalories.Acalorieistheamountofheatrequiredtoraisethetemperatureof1kgofwaterby1℃.Thenumberofcaloriespeopleneedperdayisdifferent,asthechartshows……CALORIESNEEDEDPERDAYBaby750Officeworker2,700Childaged82,100Womanfeedingbaby2,700Manover702,100Boyaged163,000Woman3,600Farmer2,600練習(xí)題

Q1)____caloriesarerequiredtoraisethetemperatureof5kgofwaterfrom35℃to90℃.

A.55B.175C.325D.275

Q2)WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothechartabove?A.

Achildaged8requiresmorethan3timesth