山西省臨汾市中條山有色金屬公司侯馬社區(qū)學校2021年高一英語下學期期末試題含解析

山西省臨汾市中條山有色金屬公司侯馬社區(qū)學校2021年高一英語下學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Inthecenterofthesquare_________astatuewhichisthesymbolofourschool.A.lying

B.stand

Clie

Dstands參考答案：D2.Beingabusinessman,myfatheris____thatheneverhastimeformeandthefamily.A.sobusyperson

B.suchbusypersonC.sobusyaperson

D.suchbusyaperson參考答案：C3.Wordcame______ourdutieswouldbechanged.A.that

B.which

C.whether

D.when參考答案：A略4.---SomeChinesestudentsfinditdifficulttounderstandnativespeakerswheninLondon.

----Exactly,______they’velearnedalotaboutgrammarandknownmanywords.

A.asif

B.asthough

C.evenif

D.when參考答案：C5.Anewamusementparkinourcityhasopenedwith______computertechniques.A.up-to-date

B.man-made

C.near-sighted

D.peace-loving參考答案：A6.—MyGod!I’mgettinglateagain，whatwillmybosssay?

—Trytokeep________;wewillthinkofanexcuse．

A．silentB．calm

C．still

D．quiet參考答案：B略7.Iwillappreciateitifyoue-mailtheanswerstome_______convenient.A.whenitisB.whenyouareC.whenitwillbeD.atyour參考答案：A略8._______breaksthelawwillbepunished.A.Whoever

B.Nomatterwho

C.Whenever

D.Whatever參考答案：A9.

Isthisthehouse____thegreatmusicianwasbornin?

A.which

B.where

C.theone

D.it參考答案：A10.Ihopenothingwillpreventyoufromcoming,aswe're________yourvisit.

A.attachingto

B.applyingto C.lookingforwardto

D.payingattentionto參考答案：C11.Seeingthe

snake,thegirlstoodtherewitha

lookonherface.A.frightened;frightened B.frightened;frighteningC.frightening;frightening D.frightening;frightened參考答案：D12.Hasthedoctor_______calledfor?

A.referredtobeing

B.referredtobeen

C.referringtobeing

D.referredtobe參考答案：B略13.Hepromised_____backinafewminutes.

A.toring B.ringing C.rang D.toberinging參考答案：A略14.

Thegirlwasfrightenedbythetiger______hereyes_____.

A.with;wideopen

B.for;widelyopen

C.with;widelyopen

D.for;wideopen參考答案：A15.Weknowsuchpeoplearenot___.A.torelyon

B.tobereliedupon

C.toberelied

D.torelyupon參考答案：B16.Whenthewholeareawas____bytheflood,thegovernmentsentfood

therebyhelicopter.

A.cutoff

B.cutdown

C.brokendown

D.brokenout參考答案：A二、完型填空17.Gouldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!”___53___helpingyoufeelcloseand___54___topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa___55___ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou___56___gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy___57___over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs___58___theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing___59___tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome___60___withacold,andtheresearchers___61___thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging___62___about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.___63___amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere___64___.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe___65___riskforcoldsthat’susually___66___withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps___67___thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp___68___difficulty.”Someexperts___69___thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”___70___itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit___71___inthebrain,whereit___72___mood,behaviorandphysiology.(283words)53.A.Unlike

B.Besides

C.Despite

D.Throughout54.A.connected

B.restricted

C.equal

D.inferior55.A.choice

B.view

C.lesson

D.host56.A.recall

B.forget

C.avoid

D.keep57.A.collecting

B.involving

C.guiding

D.affecting58.A.of

B.in

C.at

D.on59.A.devoted

B.exposed

C.lost

D.attracted60.A.across

B.along

C.down

D.out61.A.calculated

B.denied

C.doubted

D.imagined62.A.served

B.required

C.restored

D.explained63.A.Even

B.Still

C.Rather

D.Thus64.A.defeats

B.symptoms

C.tests

D.errors65.A.minimized

B.highlighted

C.controlled

D.increased66.A.equipped

B.associated

C.presented

D.compared67.A.assess

B.moderate

C.generate

D.record68.A.inthefaceof

B.intheformof

C.inthewayof

D.inthenameof69.A.transfer

B.commit

C.attribute

D.return70.A.because

B.unless

C.though

D.until71.A.emerges

B.vanishes

C.remains

D.decreases72.A.experiences

B.combines

C.justifies

D.influences參考答案：53.B

54.A

55.D

56.C

57.B

58.D

59.B

60.C

61.A

62.D

63.A

64.B

65.D

66.B

67.C

68.A

69.C

70.A

71.C

72.D文章介紹了擁抱帶給人們的各種益處。53.B考查副詞。句意：除了幫助你感覺與你關心的人親近有關聯(lián)外，事實證明擁抱能給你的身體和精神帶來很多健康益處。A.Unlike不同的；B.Besides除了，另外；C.Despite盡管；D.Throughout自始至終。故選B。54.A考查形容詞。句意：除了幫助你感覺與你關心的人親近有關聯(lián)外，事實證明擁抱能給你的身體和精神帶來很多健康益處。A.connected有聯(lián)系的；B.restricted受限制的；C.equal平等的；D.inferior差的，自卑的。故選A。55.D考查名詞。句意：除了幫助你感覺與你關心的人親近有關聯(lián)外，事實證明擁抱能給你的身體和精神帶來很多健康益處A.choice選擇；B.view觀察；C.lesson教訓；D.host主人，很多，短語ahostof許多，眾多。故選D。56.C考查動詞。句意：信不信由你，一個溫暖的擁抱甚至可以幫助你在這個冬天避免生病。A.recall回想起；B.forget忘記；C.avoid避免；D.keep保持。故選C。57.B考查動詞。句意：在最近的一項涉及400名健康成年人的研究中。A.collecting收集；B.involving涉及；C.guiding指導，管理；D.affecting感染。故選B。58.D考查介詞。句意：來自賓夕法尼亞州卡耐基梅隆大學的研究人員研究了感知到的社會支持的影響，以及在暴露于病毒之后，參與者對患上普通感冒的敏感性。Theeffectsonsomething對…的影響。故選D。59.B考查動詞。句意：來自賓夕法尼亞州卡耐基梅隆大學的研究人員研究了感知到的社會支持的影響，以及在暴露于病毒之后，參與者對患上普通感冒的敏感性。A.devoted獻身，致力于；B.exposed暴露；C.lost遺失；D.attracted吸引。故選B。60.C考查介詞。句意：那些認為社會支持更大的人患感冒的可能性更小。短語comedownwith染上病。故選C。61.A考查動詞。句意：研究人員計算出，擁抱的減壓效果可以解釋32%的有益效果。A.calculated計算；B.denied拒絕；C.doubted懷疑；D.imagined想象。故選A。62.D考查動詞。句意：研究人員計算出，擁抱的減壓效果可以解釋32%的有益效果。A.served服務；B.required要求；C.restored修復；D.explained解釋。故選D。63.A考查副詞。句意：即使是那些感冒的人，那些感到更大的社會支持和更頻繁的擁抱的人，癥狀也不那么嚴重。A.Even即使；B.Still仍然；C.Rather寧可，寧愿；D.Thus因此。故選A。64.B考查名詞。句意：即使是那些感冒的人，那些感到更大的社會支持和更頻繁的擁抱的人，癥狀也不那么嚴重。A.defeats擊敗，打??；B.symptoms癥狀；C.tests測試；D.errors錯誤。故選B。65.D考查動詞。句意：擁抱可以保護那些因患感冒而受到壓力的人免受感冒所增加的風險，而這通常與壓力有關。A.minimized減少；B.highlighted使顯著；C.controlled控制；D.increased增加。故選D。66.B考查動詞。句意：而這通常與壓力有關。A.equipped裝備；B.associated聯(lián)系；C.presented提出，遞呈；D.compared比較。故選B。67.C考查名詞。句意：擁抱是親密關系的標志，有助于產(chǎn)生他人在面對困難時幫助他人的感覺。A.assess評估；B.moderate節(jié)制，減輕；C.generate產(chǎn)生；D.record記錄。故選C。68.A考查介詞短語。句意：擁抱是親密關系的標志，有助于產(chǎn)生他人在面對困難時幫助他人的感覺。A.inthefaceof面對；B.intheformof以…形式；C.inthewayof關于…的方面；D.inthenameof以…的名義。故選A。69.C考查動詞。句意：一些專家認為，擁抱釋放催產(chǎn)素會帶來的壓力減少、與健康有關的好處，通常被稱為“成鍵激素”。A.transfer使轉移；B.commit犯罪；C.attribute歸屬，把…歸于；D.return返回；故選C。70.A考查連詞。句意：因為它能錯覺人際關系中的依戀。A.because因為；B.unless除非；C.though雖然，盡管；D.until直到…才。故選A。71.C考查動詞。句意：但其中一些仍留在大腦中。A.emerges浮現(xiàn)；B.vanishes消失；C.remains仍然；D.decreases減少。故選C。72.D考查動詞。句意：影響情緒、行為和生理。A.experiences經(jīng)歷；B.combines使聯(lián)合；C.justifies證明；D.influences影響。故選D。三、閱讀理解18.Scientistsstudythenaturalworldbyusingthe"scientificmethod".Whenascientistobservessomephenomenon(現(xiàn)象)innaturehedevelopsanidea,calledatheoryorhypothesis(假設).Thenhedoesanexperimenttotesthishypothesis.Iftheresultsareasexpected,thentheexperimentconfirmsthehypothesis.Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thentheexperimentdisprovesthehypothesisandthescientistmustcomeupwithanewtheorytotest.Inancienttimesgreatthinkerscameupwithcomplextheoriestoexplainnature,butdidnotalwaysprovethembyexperiment.Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,forcenturies,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjectsuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfoundithadbeenwrong.Here'sanexperimentthatyoucanusetoproveordisproveacommon-sensetheory:STEP1:Obtainanemptybottlewithasmallneck.Adiameterof1/2inchshouldbeperfect.STEP2:Cutasheetofnotebookpapertoasquarefiveinchesoneachside.STEP3:Crumple(揉皺)thepaperintoatightwad(團).STEP4:Laythebottleonitssideandplacethepapersoitliesloosely(松松地)intheneckofthebottle.Constructatheoryaboutwhatwillhappenifyoublowhardtowardsit.Acommon-sensetheorymightbethatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottle.Nowconductyourexperimenttoseewhatreallyhappens.Ifyourtheoryisthatthewadwouldbeblownintothebottle,yourexperimentprobablywillgiveyouunexpectedresults.Inmostcasesthewadisblownoutoftheneckofthebottleintheoppositedirection.Anewtheorymightbethatwindrushingintothebottlecreatesawhirlwind(旋風)ofaircurrents(氣流)intheclosedspacepushingthewadout.61.Theauthorwrotethetextmainlyto

.A.explainthesecretofnature

B.teachushowtodoanexperimentC.showtheimportanceofexperiments

D.callonpeopletolearnfromscientists62.Theunderlinedword"confirms"inthefirstparagraph

means

.A.develops

B.shows

C.produce

D.proves63.Aristotlemadeamistakeinhistheoryprobablybecause

.A.theorieschangeastimepasses

B.hedidn'tproveitbydoingexperimentsC.hedependedoncommon-sensetoomuch

D.hewaslessexperiencedthanGalileo64.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe

.A.TheoryIsBasedonPractice

B.TestingTheoriesC.ChallengingYourCommonSense

D.PracticeMakesPerfect參考答案：61.C

62.D

63.B

64.A本文是一篇說明文。這篇作者通過論述并舉例說明，告訴我們理論是以實踐為基礎的?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章作者通過論述并舉例說明，主要告訴我們使用科學的方法做實驗的重要性。故選C?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后句Iftheexperimentfailsandtheresultsarenotasexpected,thentheexperimentdisprovesthehypothesisandthescientistmustcomeupwithanewtheorytotest.如果實驗失敗，結果不像預期的那樣，那么實驗就否定了假設，科學家必須提出一個新的理論來驗證，可以猜測科學家做實驗時為了證實他的假設。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Forexample,thegreatGreekthinkerAristotle,forcenturies,hadatheorythatheavyobjectswouldfallfasterthanlightobjectsuntilthescientistGalileoperformedanexperimentandfoundithadbeenwrong.直到科學家伽利略做了一個實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個理論是錯誤的?？梢酝茰y出，亞里士多德理論犯錯誤的原因是他沒有通過實驗來證明他的理論。故選B?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章可知，這篇作者通過論述并舉例說明，告訴我們理論是以實踐為基礎的。故選A。19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。Whydidthechickencrosstheroad?Togettotheotherside.Mostpeopleknowthisjoke.Butrecently,somepeoplehavebeenmuchmoreworriedabouthowthegrizzlybearandmountainlioncancrosstheroad.“MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roads,”theFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today.Themainreason?Roadkill.“Eco-passages”mayhelpanimalscrosstheroadwithoutbeinghitbycars.Theyarepathsbothoverandunderroads.“Theseeco-passagescanbeextremelyuseful,sothatwildlifecanavoidroadaccidents,”saidJodiHiltyoftheWildlifeProtectionSociety.Butdoanimalsactuallyusetheeco-passages?

Theanswerisyes.PaulBeierofNorthernArizonaUniversityfoundfootmarksleftbymountainlionsonaneco-passagethatwentunderahighway.Thisshowedthatthelionsusedthepassage.Buildersof