大學(xué)英語精讀(第三版)Unit-1-5講稿

大學(xué)英語精讀(第三版)Unit-1-5講稿大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案CollegeEnglishIntensiveReadingBookOneUnitOneTeachingPlanI.ObjectivesandRequirements：1、ReadingandWritingCourse教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1.Tounderstandthetruemeaningof“l(fā)anguagelearningstrategy”andtalkaboutit;2.Toreadthetextandtrytoevaluateandpracticethestrategiesintroducedinthetext;3.Towriteaparagraphstatinghowyouplantodevelopyourlisteningcomprehesionandpayattentiontotheuseofconnectives;4.Tolearnsomereadingtechniquesandskills:howtoreadatextandpredictthewriter’sideas.;5.Tomasterthekeyphrasesandsomesentencepatterns.教學(xué)要求：1．要求學(xué)生掌握本單元的中心思想和文章結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)會在寫作中恰當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞。2．掌握新單詞、句型的使用方法；加強(qiáng)相關(guān)聽234大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案putwhatwehavelearnedintopracticethroughspeakingandwriting.Structure:Astrategyreferstoasetofcarefullyplannedmethodsforachievingsomethingthatisdifficultandmaytakealongtime.Inintroducingsomestrategies,theauthoradoptsthestructureofProblem—StrategywithinaparagraphtoshowustheproblemsinEnglishlearningandthenproposesstrategiestosolvetheproblems.PleasescanthetextforsomeexamplesoftheProblem—Strategystructure.ProblemsStrategies1.Itisimpossibletomemorizepassive1.Dealwithativevocabularyandallthenewwordsyouarelearning.2.Youdon’tknowtheidiomaticofavocabularydifferently.2.Watchoutfornotonlythemeaningusageofsomewords.wordbutalsothewayitisusedindailylife.3.Youmaynotbeabletocatchalotafterlisteningtoapassageforthefirsttime.3.Listentoitoverandoveragain.4.TherearefewsituationsforyouEnglishtopracticespeakingEnglishatschool.4.Seizeeveryopportunitytospeakwithorwithoutapartner.PartIV.Learningpoints:1).Findouttheactiveexpressions:1.bynomeans2.atfault3.watchoutfor4.seekoutnotatallresponsibleforsomethingbadthathashappenedlookoutfor;beon(one's)againstlookfor;trytofindsomeoneorsomething,especiallywhenthisisdifficult5.put…intopracticecarryoutorperformTranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.我對目前的表現(xiàn)一點(diǎn)也不滿意。2.關(guān)于空氣污染大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為是鋼鐵廠的責(zé)任。3.你們開會的時候當(dāng)心間諜竊聽。4.科學(xué)家們需要尋找實驗中的因果關(guān)系。5.對任何理論，先要融會貫通，才談得上運(yùn)用自如。(Answers:)1.Iambynomeanssatisfiedwithmypresentperformance.2.Asforairpollution,mostpeoplebelievethatsteelfactoriesareatfault.3.Watchoutforthespy'swiretappingwhenyouhavethemeeting.4.Scientistsneedtoseekoutcause-and-effectrelationshipsintheexperiment.5.Onemusthavethoroughlymasteredatheorybeforeonecanputitintopracticeproperly.2).WordUsingNewWords:5大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案1.diligence:n.steadyeffort;thequalityofshowingcareandeffortinwhatonedoes--Diligenceisthemotherofgoodfortune,andidleness,itsopposite,hasneverbroughtamantothegoalofanyofhisbestwishes.2.prolonged:adj.continuingforalongperiodoftime--Aprolongedperiodoflowinterestrateshasdiscouragedpeopletosavetheirmoneyintothebank.他又問了她一個問題，僅僅是為了延長談話時間。--Heaskedheranotherquestionjusttoprolongtheconversation.3.command:n.①possessionandmastery②knowledgeofortheabilitytousev.①beinapositiontouse;haveatone’sservice②overlookfromahigherposition--Thoseartistswhosepaintingsareondisplayshowagoodcommandofwatercolor.--Speakingfrankly,Ilikeasingerwithanaturalcommandofmelody.--Manycollegestudentstodaycommandalargevocabulary.--ThehousecommandssomesplendidviewsoftheSummerPalace.4.sustained:adj.continuingforalongtime--Theconferencediscussionfocusesonthesustaineddevelopmentofagriculture.在醫(yī)院里，惟一讓我支撐下去的就是回家的想法。--Thethoughtofgettinghomewastheonlythingthatsustainedmeinthehospital.事實證實了他的理論。--Thefactssustainedhistheory.c.f.support、sustain、uphold、backSupport:isthemostgeneral(最具概括性)Sustain:referstosupportthespirits,vitality,orresolutionof;encourage(指支持，鼓勵，鼓舞…的精神、生命力、決心等):Uphold:istomaintainoraffirminthefaceofachallengeorstrongopposition(指在面臨挑戰(zhàn)和強(qiáng)烈對抗時的鎮(zhèn)定和堅定):Back:suggestsmaterialormoralsupportintendedtocontributetoorassuresuccess(表示為取得成功或保證成功而作的物質(zhì)上或道義上的支持):--Sheisbeingsupportedbyfriendsinherefforttosurmountthetragedy.--Anunshakablefaithsustainedhim.--Weupholdtheprincipleofracialequality.--Don'tworry.Iwillbackyouup.5.complain:adj.expressdissatisfaction,unhappiness,annoyanceorpain--Heconstantlycomplainsabouthowhe’streatedatwork.Pattern:complain(tosb.)about/ofsb./sth.--Neighborscomplainedtothepoliceaboutthenoisefromthebuildingsite.--USsoldierscomplainedoflowmoraleinIraq.6.memorize:vt.committomemory;learnbyheart--Hestudiedhismap,tryingtomemorizethewaytoRose'sstreet.6

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案c.f.memorize、remember、recall、remind、recollect(這五個詞都是動詞，均有“記憶，記住，回憶”之意。)Memorize:指有意識的下功夫把某事的整個細(xì)節(jié)都記在腦子里。Remember:表示記得，多指無意識地回憶起往事。Recall:指想方設(shè)法回憶已經(jīng)遺忘之事。Remind:指經(jīng)某人或某事的提醒而回憶起某件已遺忘之事。Recollect:含義與recall接近,但較為正式,指力圖想起久已忘記或稍有點(diǎn)印象的事情。--Don'twritedownyourPINnumber,memorizeit.--Herememberseverydetailofthatoccurrenceasthoughithappenedyesterday.--IseemtorecallI'vemethimbeforesomewhere.--IfIforget,pleaseremindme./Yourstoryremindsmeofanother.--Herecollectthedaysofhischildhood.7.crowd:n.alargegroupofpeoplev.①happeningregularlyorallthetime②fillin--Therewerecrowdsofpeopleinthestreet.--Hundredsofpeoplecrowdedintothechurchforthefuneral.--Rangeafterrangeofmountainscrowdthehorizon.他的腦海里充滿了奇怪的想法。--Strangethoughtsarecrowdinghismind.Collocation:crowdintobecrowdedtogethercrowdaround/roundcrowdsth./sb.out8.constant:adj.①gathertogetherinlargenumbers②fillin③loyalandfaithful--Therewasaconstantstreamofvisitorstothehouse.--Herclinichasaconstantstreamofparentswantinghelp.--Thetruckwastravellingatafairlyconstantspeed.n.somethingthatneverchangessuchasanumberorquantity.這一常量非常重要，因為它確定了一個原子中的一個電子軌道的大小，周期和能量。--Thisconstantisveryimportantbecauseitfixesthesizes,periodandenergyofanelectron'sorbitinanatom.9.commit:v.①do(sth.)wrongorillegal②saythat(sb.)willdefinitelydo(sth.)ormustdo(sth.)③pledgedevotionto(sb.orsth.)--Womencommitfewercrimesthanmen.--Hehasclearlycommittedhisgovernmenttocontinuingeconomicreform.--Thescholarshipcommitsstudentstoteachinginpublicschools.--Hewasn'tyetreadytocommittotherelationship.Collocation:commitacrime/error/murder/arson/suicidecommit(sb.)todoingmitoneselftosth.7

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案commitsth.tomemory/paper10.acquaintance:n.①somebodyyouknowalittle②knowledgeofsb.orsth.--ShewasacasualacquaintanceofmyfamilyinVienna.--Hehasapassingacquaintancewithalotofdifferentsubjects.--Thepracticeofalawyerrequiresacquaintancewithcourtprocedures.Collocation:makesb.’sacquaintance第一次見某人casualacquaintance偶爾見面的人mutualacquaintance雙方都認(rèn)識的人haveapassing/noddingacquaintancewithsth.點(diǎn)頭之交；對…知之甚少Phrases:1.beboundto:becertainto--Someoneoutthereisboundtotakenoticeofwhatwearedoingforthewholeregion.--Differencesofopiniononvariousissuesareboundtoexist.2.ona…basis:accordingtoacertainrule,spiritorfrequency--Patientsarecaredforona“first-come-first-serve”basis.--12%ofAmericansreporttheyhavedifficultysleepingonafrequentbasis.3.indetail:includingallormostparticularsoritemsthoroughly--Mostofthesetopicshavebeendiscussedindetailattheforum.--Youwilllearnaboutcorporatestrategyindetailelsewhereinthiscourse.4.inadditionto:usedtoaddanotherpieceofinformationtowhathasjustbeensaid--Thereisapostageandpackingfeeinadditiontotherepaircharge.--Feesmaybechargedtoundergraduatestudentsinadditiontotuitionandthestandarduniversityfees.5.apartfrom:aswellas,besides--Apartfromhisearningsasafootballcoach,healsoownsandrunsachainofsportsshops.--TherearethreeotherspresentatthemeetingapartfromMr.Jackson.--Apartfromhisuncle,theorphanhadnoonetotakecareofhim.EnglishEquivalentsofChinese:1.長期努力2.精通英語3.把…記住4.經(jīng)常prolongedeffortgainagoodcommandofEnglishcommit…tomemoryonaregularbasisoverandoveragainfeelfreetotalkmakeapurchaseItpaysto…5.反復(fù)地6.隨意交談7.購物8.…大有收益9.倉促用功備考cramforatest10.綿綿不斷的雨constantrain8大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案11.擴(kuò)大會議12.習(xí)慣用法enlargedmeetingidiomaticusagePartV.FurtherReadingProverbsandQuotations1.Knowledgeadvancesbystepsandnotbyleaps.2.Foolslearnnothingfromwisemen,butwisemenlearnmuchfromfools.3.Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.4.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.5.Readingmakesafullman,conferenceareadyman,andwritinganexactman.PartVI.WritingPattern:Combination:UsingConnectivesConnectivesrefertowordsthatcanjoinpartsofasentenceordifferentsentences.Theyarenecessaryfortheestablishmentoflogicalrelationsinanessay.Belowaretwotablesindicatingdifferentlogicalrelationsandthecorrespondingconnectives.AdverbClauseTransitionsConjunctionsPrepositionsWordsCauseandEffectbecausenowthatsincethereforeconsequentlythussoforbecauseofduetoso(that)asaresultContrasteventhoughhoweverbut…(anyway)yet(…still)whereasalthoughwhileinsteadneverthelessnonethelessontheotherthoughhandonthecontraryConditionifotherwiseor(else)whethernor(negative)unlessincaseonlyifintheevent…thatevenifAdverbClauseTransitionsWordsplusConjunctionsandPrepositionsAdditionbesidesalsofurthermoreovernext9大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案furthermoreinadditionTimeaftersinceastillbeforeuntilassoonaswhenbythetimewheneveroncewhileas/solongaseverytime(that)thefirst/next/lasttime(that)asMannerjustasasifasthoughlikeExamples*Wehaven’tseenhertodaybecausesheisillathome.*Aftertheyfinishedthejob,alltheworkmateswenttothebar.*Howeverhedidit,itwasveryclever.*Icouldn’tsolvetheproblemuntilhecame.YourTask:Directions:Fillintheblankswithproperconnectivesfromthelistbelow.Makechangeswherenecessary.consequently,dueto,nevertheless,asif,onlyif,whenever,inaddition,bythetime,also,and,plus,eventhough,whereas,before,ontheotherhand,till1.Heasksmelotsofquestionspossible.2.AtthattimeImadeanothererror,3.Modestyhelpsonetogoforward,4.Henotedthatmenrevealedtheirheightfromagoodmotive.conceitmakesonelagbehind.tall.5.He'sstupid,butIlikehim6.Youneedmoneyandtime;7.Imissedthetrainand8.9.Shealwaystalkstome.,youneeddiligence.waslateforwork.badcoldshespenttheentiredayinbed.sheweremysister.10.Hemanagedtoarrivehometherainpoureddown.Keys:whenever,eventhough,whereas,onlyif,nevertheless,inaddition,censequently,dueto,asif,before.10大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案Howtoimproveyourstudyhabits____ReadingActivity:PartI.ReadingSkills:Howtoreadatext?Itisadvisabletoreadacomprehensionpassageatleasttwice:firsttoobtainageneralimpressionofthetext,secondtoconcentrateontheimportantdetails.Sometimesathirdreadingisnecessarytocheckdifficultitems.CollegeEnglishIntensiveReadingBookOneUnitTwo11大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案TeachingPlanI.ObjectivesandRequirements1）ReadingandWritingCourseObjectives:1.Tomasterthenewtargetwordsandusefulphrases.Tomakestudentsunderstandthepassageand2.masteroneofthereadingskills---howtoreadatext(partII).3.Tomasterthegrammaticalstructure—“numeralasattribute”and“theadverbialofconcession”.4.Tolearnsomewritingskillsoftheusingofcontraction---Reducingclausestophrasesorwords.5.Toimprovethelisteningskillsforidentifyingnumbers.6.TolearnfromChichester,theprotagonist,hiscourage,hisperseveranceandhisdeterminationtoattainhisgoal(sailingroundtheworldsingle-handed).Requirements:1．要求學(xué)生掌握本單元的中心思想和文章結(jié)構(gòu)。12大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案2．掌握新單詞、句型的使用方法；加強(qiáng)相關(guān)聽說訓(xùn)練。3.掌握閱讀技巧：尋找關(guān)鍵詞和句。Suggestions：1．在教學(xué)過程中要求學(xué)生討論有關(guān)理想的問題，怎樣能實現(xiàn)自己的理想，應(yīng)該向FrancisChichester學(xué)什么。2．提供最新的資料背景知識，如視頻，新聞報道等。2）ListeningandSpeakingCourseUnit2:learntoidentitynumbersandaskforandgivedirectionsComprehensiveexercisesUnit2:Thestudentsfinishtheexercisesintheirsparetime.II.Teachingarrangement&TimeAllotment1）ReadingandWritingCourse2）ListeningandSpeakingCourse6periods2periods(everytwoweeks)III.TeachingMethodsCommunicativeApproachTask-basedLearningLearner-centeredTeachingTranslationMethodMultimediaApproachIV.PresentationProceduresLecturenotesSailingroundtheworldSectionA:PartⅠ.Introduction1.Lead-inandIntroductoryRemarksHaveyoudreamedofsailingorflyingroundtheworld?Haveyouheardofthefiguresinhistory,whosailedaroundtheworld.Perhapsyouhave.YoumayhaveheardofZhenHe(inSongDynasty),wholedaclippershipwithplentyofcrew,13大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案sailedtoasfarasAfrica.YoumayalsohaveheardofColumbus,whosailedtoAmerica,thusdiscoveredthenewcontinent.Buthaveyouheardofourprotagonist,FrancisChichester.Indeed,manypeoplehavetraveledroundtheworld,butnooneelsehasdoneitthewaySirFrancisChichesterdid.Weareinaworldwheremoreandmorepeoplebegintoshowgreatinterestinadventures.ThistextorSirFrancisChichester'sadventurousexperiencemayhelptoenlightenus,justasthetextmentioned,"Indoingso,hehadundoubtedlylearntsomethingabouthimself.Moreover,inthemodernagewhenhumanbeingsdependmuchonmachines,hehadgivenmenthroughouttheworldnewpride."2.Warm-upactivity---discussionandpresentation1.Ifyoucouldsailtoanyplaceintheworld,wherewouldyouliketogo?Why?2.Ifyoudecidedtosailroundtheworld,whatwouldyouneedtotakewithyouontheboat?3.Montesquieu,thefamousFrenchthinkerandphilosopher,oncesaid,“Itisalwaystheadventurerwhoaccomplishesgreatthings.”Howdoyouunderstandthissayingofhis?3.Backgroundinformation(1)Knights,knighthood,knighthoodceremonyKnightswerethehighestclassoffightingmeninEuropeduringtheMiddleAges.Therewereotherclassesoffightingmen,suchasthelowlyfootsoldiers.Buttheknights,whofoughtonhorseback,werethearistocratsofthebattlefield.Thegreatheroesofthetime,bothinhistoryandinfact,wereknights.Bytheyear1500thetimeoftheknightasfightingmanwasover.Hiredfootsoldiersreplacedthemountedknights.Butknighthooddidnotdieoutaltogether.TodayinGreatBritain,knighthoodisanhonoraryawardgiventooutstandingpeopleinrecognitionofsomeremarkableworktheyhavedone.Amanwiththerankofknightiscalled"Sir"(prefixedtohiswholenameorgivenname,butnottohissurnamealone),andhiswife,"Lady".Awomanwiththesamerankiscalled"Dame".Knighthoodceremony:TheKingorQueentakestheswordofthepersonbeinghonoredorborrowsonefromsomeonepresentattheceremony.ThepersonabouttobeknightedkneelsatonekneeandbowshisheadrespectfullyinfrontoftheKingorQueen.TheKingorQueentoucheswiththeswordfirsttheleftshoulderofthepersonbowingbeforehimorherthentherightshoulderandfinallythetopofthebowedhead.WhiledoingthistheKingorqueensays,"WedubtheeSir_______."(2)SirFrancisChichesterHewasaBritishadventurer,borninEnglandin1901.OnAug.27,1966,hesetofftosailroundtheworldaloneinhisyacht,the“GipsyMothIV”andfinishedhisgreatvoyageonMay28,1967.Hediedin1972,lefttwobooksbehind：thelonelyseaandsky;thegipsymothcirclestheworld.(3)ClipperShip:Itwasasailingshipofthe19thcentury,wellknownforitsbeautyaswellasitsspeed.Itwasalong,slim,gracefulvesselwithprojectingbowandradically14

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案streamlinehull,carryinganexceptionallylargespreadofsailonthreetallmasts.(4)CapeHornAsteepheadlandatthesouthofHornIsland(合恩島),Chile(智利).ItisgenerallyconsideredthesouthernmostpointofSouthAmerica.AllthewaterbetweenSouthAmericaandtheAntarcticOceanissqueezedthisnarrowshallowgap.Sometimesthewavestheremaybeashighas50feet.TheCapeHornroutearoundSouthAmericaisoneofthemostdangerousnautical(海上的)passages.Bothsailorsandpassengersfearitbecauseofthemanysailingmishapthathaveoccurredthere.(5)TheSouthernOceanTheSouthernOceanisalsocalledtheAntarcticOcean,theoceancomprisingthesouthernreachesofthePacific,theAtlantic,andtheIndianOceans,surroundingtheAntarcticcontinent.(6)QueenElizabethII(1926-)QueenoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,andheadoftheCommonwealth(英聯(lián)邦)，since1952.(7)QueenElizabethI(1533-1603)QueenofEngland(1533-1603).ShewasoneofthemostpowerfulrulersintheEnglishhistory.Thetimewhenshereigned(在位)iscalledtheElizabethanAge,anditwasalongperiodof45years,whenEnglandbecameveryrichandpowerful.PartII.NewWordsandUsefulExpressions:NewWords:1.single-handed:adj.&adv.(done)byonepersonaloneMaryaccomplishedthetaskbyhersingle-handedeffortsThismanhaschangedthewholesituationalmostsingle-handed.Thejobcannotbedonesingle-handed2.retire:vi.＆vt.退下，離開；（正式用語）就寢；（指軍隊）撤退，退卻；退休，退職，15

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案退役；Collocation：retirefrom…(to…)從……退下/出（至……）retirefromtheworld隱居，成為隱士retiretobed就寢retireintooneself（因沉緬于自己的思想而）不和人交際；苦思不語Derivative：retiredadj.退職的，退休的，退役的retiredpay退休金retiringadj.孤獨(dú)緘默的；害羞的retirement隱退，退休，隱居Collocation:retirementpension養(yǎng)老金retirementage達(dá)到退休gointo/comeoutofretirement離職/復(fù)職1)Hetohisbedroom.他回到他的臥室。(retired)2)Iamreaching(retiring)age.我快到退休年齡了。inmyoffice3)Therehavebeenseveralrecently.最近我那辦公室里有幾個人退休了。(retirements)16大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案4)Hewill____fromthearmynextyear.明年他要退役。(retire)5)Maryhadagentle_____disposition.瑪莉性格溫柔而靦腆。(retiring)6)Theyareall____cadres.他們都是退休干部。(retired)3.voyage:n.alongjourney(bysea,bylandorthroughouterspace)Avoyagetothemoonwillbeavailabletocommonpeople,I’msure.vi.goona(sea)journey;sailSirFrancesDrakewasthefirstmanwhovoyagedaroundtheworld.Synonym:voyage,journey,travel,trip,tour,expedition,excursionandcruise這幾個詞都是名詞，都有“旅行”、“旅程”之意。voyage指在水上旅行，尤指海上旅行，也可指空中旅行。例如：Inthosedays,thevoyagetoAustraliawaslonganddangerousjourney最普通用詞，側(cè)重指時間較長、距離較遠(yuǎn)的單程陸上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。17

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案travel泛指旅行的行為而不指某次具體的旅行，多指到遠(yuǎn)方作長期旅行，不強(qiáng)調(diào)直接目的地，單、復(fù)數(shù)均可用。trip普通用詞，口語多用，常指為公務(wù)或游玩作的較短暫的旅行。但在較通俗、隨便的用法中可代替journey。tourn.周游，巡行，游歷（常伴有“回到原出發(fā)例如：They'regoingonaworldtour.他們正在環(huán)球旅行。expeditionn.遠(yuǎn)征，探險（指長距離的，艱辛的甚至危險的旅行，目的一般是考察、探險或征服等，但不是觀光，游覽。）例如:Theyplannedtoorganizeascientificexpedition.他們計劃組織一次科學(xué)考察。excursion:較正式用詞，常指不超過一天的短時期娛樂性游玩，也可指乘火車或輪船往返特定景大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案點(diǎn)的遠(yuǎn)足旅游。例如:WeshallmakeanexcursiontoHangzhouthisweekend.這個周末我們將去杭州旅行。cruise:主要指乘船的游覽并在多處?？?。例如:OnethingI'dliketodoisgoonaMediterraneancruise.我想做的一件事就是乘船來一次地中海之旅。4.cover:vt.1)passoverortravel(acertaindistance)Theywerehopingtocover40milesyesterday.2)placeorspreadsth.upon,over,orinfrontof(sth.)Thefloodscoveredthousandsoftowns3)hide;protectHelaughedloudlytocoverhisfear.5.previously:adv.beforethepresenttimeorthetimereferredtoShewaspreviouslyemployedasatourguide.Ihadpostedthelettertwomonthspreviously.6.attemptn.efforttodosth.開始做；嘗試；企圖（常被不定式和以at或on引導(dǎo)的介詞短語所修飾）Hemadenoattemptatescaping大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案vt.try開始做；嘗試；企圖Heattemptedajoke,butnoonelaughed.Patterns:attempttodosth.;attemptsth.SomeonehadattemptedtoopenthecardoorWeattemptedthepuzzlebuthadtogiveup.attemptableadj.可以嘗試的聯(lián)想記憶：temptv.慫恿；吸引某人Pattern：temptsb.intosth./doingsth.鼓動某人做某事；吸引某人做某事Derivative:temptationn.誘惑1.Theprisoner犯們企圖逃獄，但失敗了。(attempted)2.Myearlyatlearningtodriveweretoescapebutfailed.囚unsuccessful.我曾經(jīng)幾次打算學(xué)開車，卻都沒有學(xué)成。(attempts)3.Ithinkitisanplan.我看這是個可以嘗試的方案。(attemptable)4.Nothingwouldhimintogoingtothe他去看電影。(tempt)5.Heommittedcorruptionbecausehegavewayofmoney.因經(jīng)不住金錢的誘惑，他犯cinema.什么也不能吸引to了貪污罪。(temptation)7.dissuade:vt.prevent(sb.)fromdoingsth.bygivingreasonspattern:dissuadesb.fromdoingsth./sth20大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案Hedissuadedhisfriendfromgambling.persuade是dissuade的反義詞，表示“說服”、“勸說”。Pattern：persuadesb.todosth./intodoingsth.persuadesb.outofdoingsth.例如：Tomtriedtodissuademefromjoiningthebookclub.Tomtriedtopersuademeoutofjoiningthebookclub.8.contact：vt.getintouchwithDoyouoftencontactyourformerclassmates?n.stateoftouchingorcommunicationAfterheenteredtheuniversity,hecameintocontactwithmanynewideas.Ihavebeenoutofcontactwithherforseveralyears.Thepilottriedtomakecontactwithhisbase,butfailed.Collocation:come/bringintocontactwith接觸到;(使)與......交往；make/establishcontactwith與…21

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案取得聯(lián)系beoutof/breakoff/losecontactwith與…失去聯(lián)系be/get/stayincontactwith與…保持聯(lián)系contactlens隱形眼鏡聯(lián)想記憶：touchv.n.接觸，聯(lián)系keepintouchwithsb./sth.與．．．．．．保持接觸、聯(lián)系lose/beoutoftouchwithsb.與某人失去聯(lián)系getin/intotouchwith與某人聯(lián)系9.accomplish:vt.finishsuccessfully;achieve(apurpose);carryout(aplan,etc.)Thecommitteehasaccomplishedarevolutionarytask.Womencanaccomplishanythingmencando.Collocation:accomplishamission完成一次使命accomplishatask完成一項任務(wù)accomplishone’sgoal/purpose實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)accomplishone’splan實現(xiàn)計劃accomplishone’spromise實現(xiàn)諾言Synonym:accomplish,complete&finish這幾個詞都是動詞，都有“完成”之意。accomplish正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程的完成；也可指依靠努力達(dá)到一定目的，或取得一定的結(jié)果。22

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案例如：Theexplorersaccomplishedthevoyageinthreeweekscomplete側(cè)重指完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)或使某事完善，補(bǔ)足缺少的部分等。是比finish正式的用語。例如：Thebuildingwillbecompletedbytheendofthismonthfinish與complete基本同義，著重圓滿地結(jié)束或完成已著手的事。例如：Shehadfinishedherhouseworkwhenherhusbandcamehome10.conquer:vt.defeat;winvictoryover;overcomeTheNormansconqueredEnglandinthe11thcentury.Youmustconqueryourbadhabitofsmoking.Synonym:conquer,beat&defeat這三個詞都是動詞，都有“打敗”、“勝過”之意。conquer指的是通過武力、斗爭或堅強(qiáng)的意志把某事或某物、某人置于自己的控制之下。例如：TheSpanishconqueredtheNewWorldinthe16thcenturybeat強(qiáng)調(diào)對手被徹底打敗，該詞常用在正式場合，23

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案可用于描寫任何比賽。例如：Ourarmyhasneverbeenbeatenyet.defeat是應(yīng)用范圍很廣的普通用語。意指打敗敵人、對手，也可指在選舉中落選，希望、計劃受挫等。例如：TheyhopedtodefeattheenemyatseaUsefulExpression:1.setout:tobeginacourseofaction,start,e.g.Therebeingnobus,theyhadtosetoutonfoot.setoutonajourneyroundtheworld(動身周游世界)2.giveup:stopdoingorhaving(something);1)givesomeoneelsepossessionofsomethingyouhaveAnoldmangaveuphisseatonthebustoaladywithababy2)abandonhopeforsth.ortheattempttodosthTheboygaveupansweringthequestionbecauseitistoodifficult.3)allowyourselforsomeoneelsetobecaughtbythepoliceorenemysoldiersThecriminalwenttothepolicestationtogivehimselfup4)devoteone’stime,life,etc.to24

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案DuringWorldWarIImillionsofsoldiersgaveuptheirlives.giveup&giveingiveup除了表示“認(rèn)輸”和“停止”時外，后接名詞或動名詞作賓語。givein表示“屈服；投降；讓步”時后面沒有賓語；但表示“交上；呈上”時后面接名詞賓語。TheyarguedbackandforthuntilfinallyBuzzgavein.Giveyourexampapersinwhenyou’vefinished.3.bedeterminedtodo/aboutdoingsth.:haveastrongwillto(do)HeisdeterminedaboutgivingupsmokingColumbuswasdeterminedtoprovethatIndiacouldbereachedbysailingwest.bedeterminedtodosth.&makeupone’smindtodosth.bedeterminedtodosth.側(cè)重某人的決心。makeupone’smindtodosth.則強(qiáng)調(diào)某人打定主意，不再動搖Wearedeterminedtodevoteourselvestojustcauses.25

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案Atlastwemadeupourmindstotellherthetruth.4.allbyoneself:completelyalone;withoutanyhelpYoucan'tgohomeallbyyourselfinthedark.Wefinishedthistaskallbyourselves.“anyonehadpreviouslysailedalone”inthesentenceisanattributiveclausemodifyingtheword“distance”,itmeans“Hedidnotpayanyattentionto/Hewasnotinfluencedbywhatotherssaid”.Wecanseehischaracterthatwhenheisdeterminedtodosomethinghewillnevergiveitup.5.inspiteof:regardlessofJackwenttoschoolinspiteoftheheavysnow.inspiteof和despite兩者意義相同，后面均跟名詞，可以互換。但是，despite本身是介詞，不能與of連用。例如：Wehadawonderfulholidayinspiteof/despitetheweather6.byfar:byalargedegreeoramount…得多;最…26

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案CelineDionisbyfarthebestsingerIknow.JanesaysBob’sexplanationisclearerbyfar.byfar和sofar是兩個比較容易混淆的詞組。byfar有“…得多；最…；顯然”的意思，用于修飾比較級和最高級形式的形容詞和副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量、程度等。例如：Thisisbyfarthebetterofthetwo.而sofar的意思是“迄今為止；就此范圍而言”。例如：Theweatherhasbeenhotsofarthissummer.7.turnover:1)(causeto)fallover;upsetThecarturnedoverthreetimesafterthecrash.Thenurseturnedthepatientoverandgavehimaninjection.2)givethecontrolofsth.tosb.Sheturnedovertheworktoherassistantandhadatalkwithus.3)thinkoverIturnedtheideaover(inmymind)foraweekbeforereplying.Collocation:turnaside(使)閃開；拒絕同情或支持turndown拒絕；關(guān)小，調(diào)低27

大學(xué)英語精讀（第三版）第一冊教案turnin轉(zhuǎn)身進(jìn)入；上繳turnto求助于turnonturnoff8.can'thelpdoingsth.:cannotavoiddoingsth.Icouldn'thelplaughingwhenIsawhisnewhaircut.can'thelpdoingsth.和cannothelpbutdosth.是兩個比較容易混淆的詞組。can'thelpdoingsth.意為“禁不住”、“情不自禁”，而cannothelpbutdosth.則有“不得不做…”之意。例如：Shecouldnothelpcryingwhensheheardthebadnews.Icannothelpbutbesorry.PartIII.GlobalReadingFirstReadingTheclassistobedividedintogroups,eachof5or6withoneasthesecretary.Theteacherwillpinupamapoftheworldontheblackboard.Thestudentshavetodo:1)Underlinethewordsshowingthepassageoftime(timemake