2023年高二暑假話題閱讀專練（詞匯積累）：醫(yī)療科技的發(fā)展（含答案）

第第頁2023年高二暑假話題閱讀專練（詞匯積累）：醫(yī)療科技的發(fā)展（含答案）2023年高二暑假話題閱讀專練（詞匯積累）：醫(yī)療科技的發(fā)展

（共5題）

一、閱讀理解題（共5題）

Overthepastfiveyears,researchersinartificialintelligencehavebecometherockstarsofthetechnologyworld.AbranchofAIknownasdeeplearning,hasprovensousefulthatskilledoperatorscancommandsix-figuresalariestobuildsoftwareforAmazon,Apple,FacebookandGoogle.Thetopnamescanearnover$1millionayear.

ThetraditionalwaytogetthesejobshasbeenaDoctor'sdegreeincomputersciencefromoneofAmerica'stopuniversities.Earningonetakesyearsandrequiresapersonwhocanbedevotedtostudy,whichisrareamongnormalpeople.Moreover,graduatestudentsareregularlyattractedawayfromtheirstudiesbyvarioushigh-paidjobs.

Thatischanging.LastmonthFast.ai,aneducationnon-profitbasedinSanFrancisco,kickedoffthethirdyearofitscourseindeeplearning.Sinceitsbeginningithasattractedmorethan100,000studentsfromIndiatoNigeria.Thecoursecomeswithasimpleidea:thereisnoneedtospendyearsobtainingaDoctor'sdegreeinordertopractisedeeplearning.Fast.ai'scoursecanbecompletedinjustsevenweeks.

Forexample,agraduatefromFast.ai'sfirstyear,SaraHooker,washiredintoGoogle'shighlycompetitiveAIresidencyprogrammeafterfinishingthecourse,havingneverworkedondeeplearningbefore.SheisnowafoundingmemberofGoogle'snewAIresearchofficeinAccra,Ghana,thefirm'sfirstinAfrica.

TomakeitaccessibletoanyonewhowantstolearnhowtobuildAIsoftware,JeremyHoward,whofoundedFast.aiwithRachelThomas,amathematician,saysmiddleschoolmathematicsisenough.Fast.aiisnottheonlyAIprogramme.AI4ALL,anothernon-profitorganization,foundedbyleadingtechnologistsincludingDr.Fei-FeiLi,workstobringAIeducationtoschoolchildrenthatwouldotherwisenothaveaccesstoit.

Howard'sambitionsrundeeperthanjustdealingwiththeshortageintheAIlabourmarket.Hisaimistospreaddeeplearningintomanyhands,sothatitmaybeappliedinasmanyfieldsaspossible.Theambition,saysMrHoward,isforAItrainingsoftwaretobecomeaseasytouseandcommonassendinganemailonasmartphone.

(1)What'sParagraph2mainlyabout

A．ThewaytogetaDoctor'sdegree.

B．ThedifficultiestogetaDoctor'sdegree.

C．TheimportancetogetaDoctor'sdegree.

D．ThenecessitytogetaDoctor'sdegree.

(2)WhatcanwelearnaboutFast.ai

A．ItaimstoproduceAIgraduatesinafastway.

B．Itaimstocollectmoneyforpoorstudents.

C．Itchargesahighfeeforofferingcourses.

D．ItbecomespopularonlyinIndiaandNigeria.

(3)WhatdoFast.aiandAI4ALLhaveincommon

A．Theyarebothmeantforchildren.

B．Theyrequireadvancedmath.

C．Theyhavethesamefounder.

D．Theyarebothnon-profit.

(4)What'sHoward'sattitudetoAItrainingsoftwareinthefuture

A．Anxious.B．Disappointed.C．Optimistic.D．Surprised.

Formany,musicisasimportanttothehumanexperienceaseatingandbreathing.Wehearmusiceverywhere—athome,thegym,partiesandstores.Butwhatkindofmusicdoweprefertolistento,andwhenandwhydoourmusicalpreferenceschange

TherelationshipbetweenthechangeofseasonsandmusicalpreferenceswasthefocusofastudyledbypsychologistTerryPettijohn.HeandhisteambasedtheirresearchonapreviousstudythatexaminedtherelationshipbetweenpopularmusicpreferencesandtheEnvironmentalSecurityAssumption.Theresultsshowedthatovertime,whensocialandfinancialconditionsweremorerisky,thesongsoftheyearthatwereslower,longer,morecomfortingandseriousweremostpopular.Andduringperiodsinwhichsocialandfinancialconditionsweregenerallystable,theresultisopposite.

Buildingonthesefindings,Pettijohnandhisteamwonderedifthehypothesiscouldalsobeappliedtothechangeofseasons.Forcollegestudents,theparticipantsinthisstudybegintheacademicschoolyearatthestartofautumn.Gonearethecarefreedaysofsummer,whenschoolisout.Whensummercomes,clocksfallback,stealinganhourofdaylight,whichfeelslikelosingprecioustime.Wintermeanscoldertemperatures,shorterdays,and,inmanyplacesinthecountry,snow.Spring,however,isadifferentstory.Itrepresentsafreshstartandwhenclocksspringforward,wegainanextrahourofdaylight.Asstudentswalkintosummer,they'reabsorbedinthesunshineandsocialactivity—andenjoyabreakfromschool.

ButdochangingseasonalconditionsinfluencemusicalpreferencesToanswerthisquestion,theresearchersdesignedtwostudies.WhatdidtheyfindBothgroupsofcollegestudentsfavouredmoreseriousmusicduringtheseasonsoffallandwinter,andmoreactiveandenergeticmusicduringthespringandsummerseasons.Andthesefindings,Pettijohnargues,havepracticalsignificances.

(1)ThepurposeofthequestionraisedinParagraph1isto_____.

A．presentadifferentopiniononmusic

B．provewheretolistentomusicmatters

C．introducethetopiconmusicalpreferences

D．stresstheimportanceofmusictohumans

(2)Whatinfluencesaperson'schoiceofmusictypesaccordingtothepreviousstudy

A．Whetheronehasenoughfreetime.

B．Whetheronelivesinastablesituation.

C．Whetheroneisexposedtosunlight.

D．Whetheronechoosestochangehislife.

(3)WhatdoesParagraph3imply

A．Springhasaspecialmeaningtopeople.

B．Studentsaren'tfondofschoolinanyseason.

C．ThehypothesisdisagreeswithPettijohn'sstudies.

D．Thelengthofsummertimeislongerthanwintertime.

(4)HowdoesPettijohnfeelaboutthefindingsofhisstudies

A．It'sunexpected.B．It'ssignificant.

C．It'shumourous.D．It'sdiscouraging.

Canarobotreallyfreestyle

EngineersattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,ledbyGilWeinberg,havedesignedthefirstmusicalrobotabletoplaymusicandevencreateit.HisnameisShimon.Weinberg,whoisamusician,engineer,andprofessorofmusicaltechnology,createdit.Hefoundhimselflosingtheinspirationofbeingcreative,andhedecidedtocreatearobotthatcouldinspirehimwithnewmusicalideas.Shimonwastrainedofeverythingfromrocktojazztorap.Hisworksreallysurprisehumanlisteners.

Upuntilrecentdevelopment,applicationsofAI(artificialintelligence)havemostlyconsistedofperformingtraditionaltasks,butmanyareconcernedthatnewtechnologylikeShimoncouldresultinlostjobsformillionsofpeople,eventhoseincreativeindustry.

Whilethereiscertainconcernthathumansarereplacedbyrobots,amuchmorelikelyfutureisoneinwhichrobotswillworkalongsidehumanstoimprovetheirwork.ExpertssaythatAIwillactuallycreatejobsforhumans,notdestroythem.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthatby2037,AIwillcreatemorethan7millionnewjobsinthehealthcare,education,andsciencefieldsintheUK.

Shimonisshowinguswhatcanhappenwhenrobotsdon'tjustworkforus,butwithus.Insteadofputtinganyofourfavoritemusiciansoutofwork,robotswillcertainlybechallengingandinspiringtheminpositiveways.Thecooperationbetweenhumansandrobotscanproducenewandattractivemusic,leadingtonewmusicaloutcomes.ThankstotheinnovationofWeinbergandhisteam,musicmaybegintolookandactconsiderablydifferent.Whatcanhappenwhenrobotsdon'tjustworkforus,butwithus

(1)WhatcanShimondo

(2)WhydidGilWeinbergcreateShimon

(3)Accordingtothepassage,pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse,thenunderlineitandexplainwhyAIcancreatemanyjobsforhumans,butithasanegativeeffectontheworkofartists.

(4)ExplainhowAItechnologycanbeusedinyourdailylife.(morethan40words)

Mostautonomousvehiclestest-drivingincitiesnavigate(導(dǎo)航)byusing3-Dmapsmarkingeveryedgeofroadsidewithalmostcentimeter-levelaccuracy.Butfewplaceshavebeenmappedinsuchdetail,whichhasleftmostareaslikesmallertownsinaccessibletothosedriverlesscars.

ResearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMITnowhavedevelopedanewnavigationsystemthatguidesautonomousvehicleswithoutsuchaccuratemaps.Thistechnologycanhelpdriverlesscarstravelalmostanywhere.

Thenavigationsystemmapsoutacoursedownunfamiliarroadsmuchasahumandriverwouldbycontinuallyscanningitssurroundings,withalasersensor(激光感應(yīng)器),tomeasurehowcloseitistotheedgesoftheroad.Meanwhile,thecaralsofollowsatoollikeasmartphonemapappthatprovidesdirectionstoitsdestination,aswellasinformationabouttherulesoftheroad,suchasspeedlimitsandthepositionsofstoplights.TeddyOrt,aroboticistatMIT,test-droveacarequippedwiththisnavigationsystemonaone-wayroad.Itslowlytraveledonekilometerwithoutanyhumanassistance.

Thissystemassumesthatacarhasaclearpathdowntheroad,butitcanbepairedwithotherexistingcomputingtechnologytodiscoverin-roadobstacles(障礙),saysOrt.Theresearchersalsoplantobuildaversionofthissystemwhichcanspotmarkingspaintedonstreets,sothatthecarcandriveontwo-wayroads."Self-drivingcarswiththisnavigationsystemmayneedothersensorstoworkindifferentconditions,"AlexanderWyglinski,andelectricalengineeratWorcesterPolytechnicInstitute."Sincelasersensorsdon'tworkwellinrainorsnow,thesecarsmightneedadditionalimagingtechnologiestodrivesafelyinbadweather."

(1)Whatmaybeaproblemformostdriverlesscars

A．Theyfailintest-driving.B．Theirmapsareout-dated.

C．Theyruninlimitedareas.D．Theirguidesareunreliable.

(2)WhatcanweinferabouttheMITnavigationsystem

A．Itincludesaccuratemaps.B．Itremovesin-roadobstacles.

C．Itworksbydetectingtheroad.D．Itfeaturesasmartphoneapp.

(3)WhatisthepurposeofParagraph4

A．Toconfirmthetest-driveresults.

B．Toindicatefurtherresearchareas.

C．Torecognizescientists'achievements.

D．Toshowthecreativityofdriverlesscars.

(4)Whatisthemainideaofthetext

A．Autonomouscarsbeathumandriversoncountryroads.

B．Navigatingself-drivingcarsmayworkindifferentconditions.

C．Smartmappingtechnologyaddstothefunctionsofself-drivingcars.

D．Anewnavigationsystemhelpsautonomouscarsdriveremoteroads.

Zinc(鋅)isoneofabout20elementsnecessaryforgoodhealth.Itispresentinthebodyinaverysmallamountbutmakesitpossibleforimportantchemicalactionstobecarriedoutincells.Scientistsarejustbeginningtodiscoverhowzincandtheotherelementswork…

Researchersfirststudiedzincasawaytospeedrecovery.Dr.WaltorPowysformerlywiththeUnitedStatesAirForcenotedthatthelaboratoryanimalsrecoveredfasterwhensomematterswereaddedtotheirfood.Oneofthesematterswaszinc.Dr.PowyslatertestedthezinctreatmentonanAmericanairmanrecoveringfrommedicaloperations.Theairmanwhoreceivedzincsulphate(硫酸鹽)recoveredinhalfoftheusualtime.Otherdoctorsstudiedpersonswhohadanumberofstrangedisorders.Thedoctorslearnedthatalloftheseproblemswerecausedbylackofzincinthebody.Theytreatedthesedisorderssuccessfullybygivingthepatientszincsulphate.

Theamountofzincinthebodycanbefoundbyexaminingbloodandhair.Alackofthisimportantelementisnotuncommonamongpeopleinbothindustrialanddevelopingcountries.Zincisfoundinmosthighproteinfoodssuchasmeet,milk,fishandeggs.Itisalsofoundinwholegrains.Butmanypeopledonoteatenoughofthesefoods.Foodmarketsshouldaddtheseelementssothat.

(1)What'sthebesttitleofthispassage(Pleaseanswerwithin10words.)

(2)Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbereplacedbythefollowingone

Itisquitecommonthatpeoplethroughouttheworldlackzinc.

(3)Fillintheblankinthelastparagraphwithproperwordsorphrasestocompletethesentence.(Pleaseanswerwithin15words.)

(4)Howcanwegetenoughzincinourdailydiet(Pleaseanswerwithin20words.)

(5)TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraphintoChinese.

答案

一、閱讀理解題（共5題）

1.【答案】

(1)B

(2)A

(3)D

(4)C

【解析】

(1)本文是一篇說明文。近年來，人工智能發(fā)展迅速，但是人工智能方面的人才匱乏。數(shù)學(xué)家RachelThomas發(fā)明的Fast.ai應(yīng)用程序用非傳統(tǒng)的方法來迅速培養(yǎng)人工智能類人才，文章對(duì)此內(nèi)容做了具體說明。

段落大意題。根據(jù)本段后兩句“Earningonetakesyearsandrequiresapersonwhocanbedevotedtostudy,whichisrareamongnormalpeople.Moreover,graduatestudentsareregularlyattractedawayfromtheirstudiesbyvarioushigh-paidjobs.”可知，獲得此類博士學(xué)位需要多年的努力學(xué)習(xí)，很多普通人難以做到。由此可見本段主要講述獲得博士學(xué)位的困難。

(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thecoursecomeswithasimpleidea:thereisnoneedtospendyearsobtainingaDoctor'sdegreeinordertopractisedeeplearning.Fast.ai'scoursecanbecompletedinjustsevenweeks.”可知，F(xiàn)ast.ai課程并不需要多年學(xué)習(xí)來獲得人工智能的博士學(xué)位，它的課程在7個(gè)星期內(nèi)完成。由此可見這一課程的目的在于迅速培養(yǎng)AI類畢業(yè)生。

(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thatischanging.LastmonthFast.ai,aneducationnon-profitbasedinSanFrancisco,kickedoffthethirdyearofitscourseindeeplearning.”和第五段中的“Fast.aiisnottheonlyAIprogramme.AI4ALL,anothernon-profitorganization,foundedbyleadingtechnologistsincludingDr.Fei-FeiLi,workstobringAIeducationtoschoolchildrenthatwouldotherwisenothaveaccesstoit.”可知，F(xiàn)ast.ai和AI4ALL都是非營利組織。

(4)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Theambition,saysMrHoward,isforAItrainingsoftwaretobecomeaseasytouseandcommonassendinganemailonasmartphone.”可知，MrHoward認(rèn)為AItrainingsoftware可以很容易使用，就像是在智能手機(jī)里發(fā)郵件那樣常見。由此可見他對(duì)AItrainingsoftware的未來是很樂觀的。

2.【答案】

(1)C

(2)B

(3)A

(4)B

【解析】

(1)本文是一篇說明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，季節(jié)的變化對(duì)個(gè)人的音樂偏好有著不同的影響。

寫作意圖題。第一段提出問題之后，第二段馬上切入本文的主題“TherelationshipbetweenthechangeofseasonsandmusicalpreferenceswasthefocusofastudyledbypsychologistTerryPettijohn.”由此可以推斷，第一段提出問題的目的是引入關(guān)于音樂偏好的話題。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知，人們是否生活在一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境中會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人的音樂偏好產(chǎn)生影響。

(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Spring,however,isadifferentstory.Itrepresentsafreshstartandwhenclocksspringforward,wegainanextrahourofdaylight.”可以推斷，春天對(duì)于人們有著特別的意義。

(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Andthesefindings,Pettijohnargues,havepracticalsignificances.”可知，Pettijohn覺得他的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)具有重大意義。

3.【答案】

(1)Playingmusicandcreatingmusic.

(2)HecreatedShimontoinspirehimwithnewmusicalideas.

(3)NowadaysAIcreatesmanyjobsforhumans,butithasanegativeeffectontheworkofartists.

(4)Inmyopinion,AIhasbothbenefitsanddrawbacks.O