2023年八年級(jí)暑期話題閱讀每日一練：地理（含解析）

第第頁(yè)2023年八年級(jí)暑期話題閱讀每日一練：地理（含解析）2023年八年級(jí)暑期話題閱讀每日一練：地理

（共7題）

一、閱讀理解題（共7題）

InAfrica,ontheborder(邊界)ofZimbabweandZambia,sitsoneoftheworld'slargestwaterfalls,VictoriaFalls.Itistheonlywaterfallintheworldwithalengthofmorethanakilometerandaheightofmorethanahundredmeters.

ThewaterofthewaterfallcomesfromtheZambeziRiver,TheZambeziRiver,isthefourthlargestriverinAfrica,runningover1,600milesfromitssource(源頭)tothesea.Alongtheway,itpasses,throughthecountriesofZambia,Angola,Namibia,Botswana,ZimbabweandMozambique.BetweentheborderofZimbabweandZambia,theriverplunges(驟降)morethan350feet.

Thewaterfallhasarainyseason(季節(jié))andadryseason.ThebesttimetovisititisinJuneandJuly.DuringthedryseasonfromlateAugusttoOctober,youcanwalkacrossthetopofthefalls.Peopleswimatthetopofthefalls.ThereisanaturalswimmingpoolknownastheDevil'sPool.Elephants,birdsandotheranimalscometotheriverandthefallsduringthisseason.

Duringtherainyseason,fromNovembertoApril,300,000gallons(加侖)ofwaterpouroverthefallseverysecond.Thereissomuchwaterandmist(薄霧)thatit'shardtoseethefalls.Theriverandthefallscanbeverydangerousduringthisseason.

(1)FromParagraph1,weknowVictoriaFallsare_____.

A．inZambia

B．inZimbabwe

C．oneofthelargestwaterfallsintheworld

D．oneofthehighestwaterfallsintheworld

(2)HowmanycountriesdoestheZambeziRiverpassthrough

A．5B．6C．7D．8

(3)IfSarahvisitsVictoriaFallsinSeptember,she_____.

A．canjumpfromthetopofthefalls

B．canseethefallsoftherainyseason

C．can'tseethefalls

D．canswimintheDevil'sPool

(4)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage

A．TheZambeziRiverplungeslessthan300feet

B．Therearenoanimalsinthedryseason

C．Thefallswillbedangerousduringtherainyseason

D．300,000gallonsofwaterpouroverthefallsinaweek

(5)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage

A．DifferentFallsinDifferentSeasons

B．OneoftheLargestWaterfalls—VictoriaFalls

C．TheAmazingRiverinAfrica

D．TheSourceofVictoriaFalls

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤。

Greenlandisthelargestislandintheworld.It'sinthenortheastofNorthAmerica.NearGreenlandisanotherisland.It'ssmall.ItsnameisIceland.DoyouthinkthatGreenlandisgreenandwarmDoyouthinkthatIcelandiswhitewithiceIfyoudo,you'rewrong.ThatisbecausemostofGreenlandiscoveredwithlotsofice.Theiceishigherthantheworld'stallestbuilding.TherearemorepeopleinyourhometownthaninallofGreenland.WhataboutIcelandIcelandhasice,butnotsomuchiceasGreenland.Icelandhaslotsofhotsprings(溫泉).Theygiveouthotwaterandsteam.Theclimate(氣候)islesscoldthanthatinGreenland.AndtherearealotmorepeoplelivinginIceland.

(1)GreenlandisinthenortheastofNorthAmerica.

(2)Greenlandisgreenandwarm.

(3)It'scolderinIcelandthanthatinGreenland.

(4)Icelandisthelargestislandintheworld.

(5)TherearemuchmorepeoplelivinginIcelandthaninGreenland.

TheAndesMountainsarethelongestandoneofthehighestmountainranges(山脈)intheworld.Theyrunthrough7countriesinSouthAmerica.Althoughlifeis_____easythere,theIncapeoplelivedintheAndesMountainsforhundredsofyears.TheoldandfamousIncaEmpirebeganaround13thcentury(世紀(jì))anddidn'tcometoanend_____thelate16thcentury.

CornwastheIncapeople's_____foodbecauseitcouldgrowverywellinthehighmountains.Tomatoes,potatoes,andanothergrain(谷物)calledquinoawerealsopopular.WhentheIncapeople_____pepperswithquinoa,theycouldmakeakindofdelicioussoup.

Thellama(美洲駝),akindofanimal,isanother_____whytheIncapeoplecouldliveinsuchterribleenvironment.It_____theIncapeoplewithmilkandmeat.Atthesametime,it_____beusedtocarrylotsofheavythings.

MostIncapeoplewerefarmers_____thevillagestheylivedinwereverysmall.EvenCuzco,thecapital(首都),wasnotalargecity.InCuzco,theIncapeople_____wallswithhugestones.Someofthewallsweremorethan7meters_____.Eventoday,centurieslater,thestonesfittogethersowellthatyoucan'tputarulerbetweenthem.

(1)

(2)

(3)

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(5)

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(10)

Howcouldwetelltimeiftherewerenowatchesorclocksanywhereintheworld

Thesunmightbetheworld'sfirst"clock",exceptinthefarnorth,wheretheEskimos(愛斯基摩人)live.There,it'sdarkmostofthewinter,andlightmostofthesummer.Butinmostoftheworld,ifyoudon'thaveaclockthatshowstime,youstillknowthatwhenthesunshines,it'sday,andwhenit'sdark,it'snight.Thesuncannotonlyyellyouwhether(是否)it'sdayornightbutalsoit'smorning,noon,orafternoonWhenthesunisalmostdirectly(恰好)overhead,it'snoon.

Peoplewholivenearthesealearnfromthetides.Inthedaytime,foraboutsixhours,thewaterriseshigherandhigheronthebeach.Andthenitgoesdownanddownforaboutsixhours.Thesamethinghappensagainatnight.Therearetwohightidesandtwolowtidesevery24hours.

Seamenonashipknowtimebylookingatthemoonandthestars.Thewholeskyistheirclock.

Insomeplacesintheworldthewindcomesupataboutthesametimeeverydayorchangesdirectionorstopsblowing.Intheseplacesthewindcanbetheclock.

Asandclockisanevenbetterclock.Ifyouhadfinedrysandinaglassliketheoneinthepicture,youwouldhavewhatiscalledanhourglass.Thesandinthehourglassgoesfromthetopparttothebottompartinonehour.Whenthehourglassisturnedover,thesandwilltakeanotherhourtogobackagain.

(1)Fromthepassagewecanknowthereare_____waystotelltimeexcepttheclockandwatch.

A．3B．4C．5D．7

(2)TheEskimosinthefarnorthcan'tusethesunforaclockbecause_____.

A．theyknowverylittleaboutthesun

B．thesuntherenevergoesdowninwinter

C．it'stoocoldforthemtogoouttowatchthesun

D．ithaslongdayandlonglightduringsummers

(3)Theunderlinedword"tides"inthepassagemeans_____.

A．洋流B．潮汐C．海嘯D．波浪

(4)Whichpageofthenewspapermaythispassagebein

A．News.B．Science.C．Advertisement.D．Sports.

(5)What'sthebesttitleforthepassage

A．DifferentWaystoTellTimeB．HowtheClockWasInvented

C．TheDevelopmentoftheClockD．AUsefulMachinetoTellTime

TheWorld'sLongestRivers

RiverLengthLocation

Nile4,132miles(6,650km)Africa

Amazon4,000miles(6,400km)SouthAmerica

ChangJiang（Yangtze）3,915miles(6,300km)China

Mississippi-Missouri-RedRock3,902miles(6,275km)UnitedStates

Ob3,364miles(5,410km)Russia

FastFacts

TheNileRiverpassesthrough9countries:Burundi,DemocraticRepublicofCongo,Egypt,Ethiopia,Kenya,Rwanda,Sudan,Tanzania,andUganda.

TheAmazonissecondinlengthbutfirstinamountofwatercarriedandareaoflanddrained(排水).

ChangJiangisthelongestriverinAsiaandthethirdlongestintheworld.Theriveristhelongestintheworldtoflowwhollywithinonecountry.

TheMissouriandRedRockRiversareconsideredtributaries(astreamorriverthatflowsintoamainriver)oftheMississippi.

TheMississippiriversystemgoesthroughonlyonecountry:theUnitedStates.

TheObRiverisamajorriverinWesternSiberia,Russiaandistheworld'sseventhlongestriver.

(1)()Howaretheriverslistedinthetable

A．Fromwidesttonarrowest.

B．Fromlongesttoshortest.

C．Bygreatesttoleastvolume(體積).

D．Fromnorthernmosttosouthernmost.

(2)()WhyaretheMississippi,Missouri,andRedRockRiversgroupedtogetherintheriver

A．Thethreearethesamelength.

B．TheyflowtotheAmazon.

C．TheyareriversinNorthAmerica.

D．Theyarepartofthesameriversystem.

(3)()Whichriveristhelongestintheworldthatgoesthroughonlyonecountry

A．Nile.B．ChangJiang.C．Amazon.D．Ob.

Riversareoneofourmostimportantnaturalresources,Manyoftheworld'sgreatcitiesarelocatedonriversAndalmosteverycountryhasatleastoneriverflowingthroughit.Theriverplaysanimportantpartinpeople'slife.

Sincethebeginningofhistory,peoplehaveusedriversfortransportation.ThelongestoneintheUnitedStatesistheMississippiRiver.ThelifelineofEgyptistheNile.TothepeopleofIndia,theGangesRiverisgreat,anditisalsoimportantfortransportation.Shipscantravelalongitforathousandmiles.OthergreatriversaretheCongoRiverinAfricaandtheMekongRiverinSoutheastAsia.Thegreatestofallfornavigation(航行),however,istheAmazonRiverinBrazil.Itissowideandsodeepthatlargeshipscangoabouttwothousandmilesuponit.

Riversalsogivefoodtoeat,watertodrink,andprovidewaterforcrops,andchancesforfun.Inordertoprovidemorewaterforcrops,engineerssometimesbuildadamacrossarivertoformalake.Peopleusethewatertoirrigate(灌溉)theirfieldsandmakeelectricity.

However,largecitiesandfactoriesthatarelocateduponriversoftenmakeproblems.Asthecitiesgrowinsizeandfactoriesincreaseinnumber,thewaterintheriversbecomespollutedwithchemicalsandothermaterials.Peoplearelearningtheimportanceofriversandtryingtodomoretokeeptheriversclean.

(1)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage

A．TheGangesRivercanbeusedforirrigationbutnotfortransportation.

B．Almosteverycountryhasatleastoneimportantriver.

C．Manycitiesarelocatedonrivers.

D．Riversplayanimportantpartinpeople'slife.

(2)Accordingtothepassage,fromthelakeformedbyadam,peoplecanusethewaterfor_____.

A．keepingtheriverscleanB．travellingandtransportation

C．washingclothesD．irrigationandmakingelectricity

(3)Thewaterintheriversispollutedbecauseof_____.

A．people'stoomuchrecreationB．toomuchtransportation

C．chemicalsandothermaterialsD．toomanydamsacrosstherivers

(4)Thebesttitleforthepassageis"_____".

A．RiversincitiesB．Theimportanceofrivers

C．TransportationD．Naturalresources

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。

Your"English"frienddoesn'tcomefromEnglandDon'tbesurprised!Ifhiscapitalcityisn'tLondon,thenitmightbeEdinburgh,Cardiff,orBelfast.

TheBritishIsleshasabout5,000smallislandsandtwolargeislands—IrelandandBritain.Britain,thelargerofthesetwoislands,hasthreeparts:England,ScotlandandWales.Lookatthefollowingtableandgetmoreinformation.

EnglandScotlandWales

NationalDay23April30November1March

Area129,720km78,789km20,779km

CapitalCityLondonEdinburghCardiff

LargeCityBirmingham,Liverpool,ManchesterDundee,GlasgowSwansea,Newport

LocationinBritainSouthNorthWest

LanguageEnglishEnglish,ScottishEnglish,Welsh

YoumustknowtheUSAandtheUK.Yes,theUSAistheUnitedStatesofAmerica,butwhatistheUKthenEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland(1/6ofIrelandinthenorthernpart)makeit.Soifyou'reinanypartofthefour,you'reintheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Welcometothewonderfulcountry!

(1)ThecapitalcityofNorthernIrelandis_____.

A．BelfastB．CardiffC．EdinburghD．London

(2)Theunderlinedword"location"means"_____"in