2002年普通高校專轉(zhuǎn)本統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)

大Directions:Inthisparttherearefourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourcomprehensionquestions.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingInWashingtonD.C.,1600PennsylvaniaAvenueisaveryspecialaddress.ItistheaddressoftheWhiteHouse,thehomeoftheoftheUnitedStates.OriginallytheWhiteHousewasgrayandwascalledth ilPaace.Itwasbuiltfrom1792to1800.atthistime,thecityofWashingtonitselfwasbeingbuil;itwstobethenation’snewcapitalcity.GeorgeWashington,thefirst,andPiereCharlesL’Enfant,aFrenchengineer,chosetheceforthenewcity.L’Enfantthennnetheycity.h’shomewasanimportantpartofthen.Acontestwasheldtopickadsignforthepesident’shome.AnarchitectnamedJamesHobanwon.Hedesignedalargethre-storyhoseofgraystone.WashingtonneveivednhePalace.ThefirsttolivetherewasJohnAdams,thesecondoftheUnitedStates,andhiswifeMrs.Adamsdidnotreallylikehewnewhouse.Inherletters,sheoftencominedaboutthecold.Fiftyfireceswerenotenoughtokeepthehousewarm!In1812theUnitedStatesandBritainwenttowar.In1814theBritishinvadedWashington.Theuburnedmanybuildings,includingtheialPalace.AfterthewarJamesHoban,theoriginalarchitect,partiallyrebuiltthe’shomes.Tocoverthemarksofthefire,thebuildingwaspaintedwhite.BeforelongitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheUnitedStates.Everyyearmorethan1.5millionvisitorsgothroughthefiveroomsthatareopentothepublic.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltinWashingtonbecauseaFrenchengineerwasinvitedtodesign GeorgeWashingtonlikedtoliveinbecausetheBritishinvaderslivedinitin1812-becauseitwastobethenation’scapital ialPalace paintedgrayand B.madeofgrayC.madeofwhite D.madeverywarminThe’shomeandthecityofWashington builtbytheAmerican B.builtbytheBritishC.nnedbyGeorge D.nnedbytheTheoriginalhomeoftheneededtobe becauseJohnAdam’swifedidnotlikebecauseitwascoldinwinterevenwith50firebecauseithadburneddownduringthebecauseGeorgeWashingtonwasnotwillingtoliveinThenewialhomewaspaintedwhitecoverthemarksof B.attracttouristfromC.topleaseMrs.John D.kepitwarminQuestions6to10arebasedonthfollowingpaTherearetwokindsofmemy:sht-trmandlong-term.Informationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenHenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,andnative-speakingstudents.Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered,eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning’sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.HenningmadetheexperimentinordertostudyhowstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termhowstudentslearnEnglishhowtodevelopstudents’abilityinhowlonginformationinshort-termmemoryisWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassaInformationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthat ngermmemoLong-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybyItiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-temHenninggaveaseparatetestonvocabulaytohisFromHenning’sresultwecanseebeginnershavedifficultydistinguihingthepronunciationofadvancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheiritisdifficulttorememberwordshatsounditisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesameTheword“subjects”inthepassage B.thethemeoflisteningC.abranchofknowledge D.thestudentsexperimentedQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingThecowboyistheheroofmanymovies,.Heis,eventoday,asymbolofcourageandButwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyreallyThecowboy’sjobisclearfromthewordcowboy.Cowboyweremenwhotookcareofcowsandothercattle.ThecattlewereintheWestandinTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeefthesecattle.Trainscouldtakethecattleeast.Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrains.Partofthecowboy’sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsof totherailroadtown.Thetripswerecalledcattledrivers.Acattledriveusuallytookseveralmonths.Cowboysrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Becausetheyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday.Thecowboyshadtomakesurethatcattlearrivedsafely.Beforestartingonadrive,thecowboysbrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamarkonthecattletoshowwhotheybelongedto.Butthesemarksdidn’tstoprustlers,orcattlethieves.Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromrustlers.Rustlersmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.Eventhoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdidnotearnmuchmoney.Theywerepaidbadly.Yetcowboyslikedtheirwayoflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventureanddom.Acowboyisasymbolofcourageand B.ahdlfeandbigC.moviesinthe D.cowand Thecowboys’job tobeaheroinreal B.tobeaherooftheC.totakecareof D.tobeadangerousDuringacattledriver,cowboystokagroupofcowsfromawildandopencountry theWeststatesand B.thecitiesoftheEastC.thepeoplewhoeatbeefin D.therailroadtownshundredOntheirwayofcattledrivers,thecowboysprotectedthecattle burningamarkontheir B.keeaneyeoncattleC.makingthetripmore D.lookingaftereightcowsCowboysenjoyedthemselves theylikedtheirwayof B.theymadealotofC.theyhadavarydifficult D.theywereheroesinQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingSuccessfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionofenergy,increaseddemandofrawmaterials,acceleratedflowofmaterialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedtiesofmetalsandothersubstancesinuse .Thehistoryofindustrialdevelopmentaboundswithexamples.In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronU.S.farms.Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratiothatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hadanationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthepopulationfor1970,itsanswerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswereofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen“economists”,theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horsesormulepopulationtobemorethan50million.Hadtheybeen“technologists”,theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofhadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolearnandoceantransport.Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbetheprimesourceofpoweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.Accordingtothepassage,whatdmostofthepoweronUS.farmsinA. B. C. D.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthoasaconsquenceofnewtechnologicalOlderdie B.ThequalityoflifeisC.Overallproductivity D.Mreraw eItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatby technologybegantobemoeeconomtheenginehadbeeninvtheU.S.horsepopulationwasabout10anationalcommissionwasabout10Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat“economists” ntheeconomythroughyearlyfailtoconsidertheinfluenceoftechnologicalvaluetheeconomiccontributionoffarmconsultthenationalcommissionontheWhatistheauthor’sattitudetowardchangesbroughtonbytechnologicalHeisexcitedabout B.HeacceptthemasC.Heisdisturbedby D.HequestionstheirQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingThissemesterIbegantohaveaseriesofteachernightmares,somethingthathadnothappenedtomeforyears,notsincemyfirstyearofteachingwhenIwasinaperpetualstateofdread.Iwouldberushingtogettoclassontime,tryingtogatherupnotesfromamaelstromofpapersonmydesk,notcertainwhatsubjectwewerecoveringtoday,indeednotevencertainwhatcourseIwasteaching.Myheartwaspounding.Iwaslate.Iwouldnotfindmynotes.Ahundredpeoplewerewaitingformeintheclassroom,theirpenspoisedtotakedownmyeverysyllable,andIhadnothingtosay.ThemMr.Winthrop’sbigblondefacewiththosedarkeyeswouldloomatthedoorofmyoffice,andwiththatmockinggrin,hewouldsay,“Professor,theclassiswaitingforyou,”andIwouldfaintdeadontothefloor.OrsometimesinmydreamIwouldmakeittothepodium(講臺(tái)),starttolectureonsomeaspectofcriminallaworcausation,onlytohaveMr.Winthropraisehishand,andwithoutevenwaitingtobecalledupon,presumablyaskaquestion.PresumablybecauseIcoldnotmakeouthiswords.Icouldseehismouthmovingunderneathhisbaseballcap,andmffledsoundsrsoundedinmyears,butIcouldnotunderstandhim.Alleyesintheclassroomwereonme,andstudentsbegantolaugh,butnotMr.Winthrop.He tomovehismouth,ndfeltasifwaswatchingTVwiththesoundoffexceptthatmyheadwasallabuzzwiththeaugherandtheshufflingoffeetasmystudentsexitedindisgust.Again,Iendedthenightmarebyfaintingdeadawyontothefloor,andthenIwouldwakeup,mysheetsdampfromdesperation.waenoughtomakeamangetoutofbedandmixadrinkatfourinthemorningevenifhehadheeghtolockclass.Fromthispassage,itisindicadthatthefirstyearofteachingisunforgettableandfrighteningformenightmareshavehappenedtomemoreoftenthannotsincemyfirstyearofinmyfirstyearofteaching,Iwasalwaysfullofasateacher,IfeeluneasyalltheWhichofthefollowingstatementsisIwasquiteclearaboutthesubjectIwastodealwithbeforeIwouldgivethelecturesonIpreparedthenotescarefullybeforeclass.However,IforgottotakethemwithmetotheMyheartwasbeatingfasterandfasterbeforeMr.Winthrop apresumableabaseballthestudentwhooftenteasesthethestudentwhoanswerstheteacher’squestioninahumorousInmynightmare,itwouldhappentomeexcept IsometimeswasverycalmtoseethatmystudentswereinwhenIgavethelecture,Mr.MinthropwastheonlystudenttoaskaIoftenfalldowntothefloorlosingmyconsciousnessbeforeIwokeIwouldratherwakeuptohaveagooddrinkintheearlymorningthanhavetheThetoneofthispassage A. B. C. D.PartIIVocabularyandStructure（共40小題，每小題1分，共40分Directions:Inthispartthereareforty pletesentences.Eachsentenceisollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnserShetthedifficultiesassociatedwiththeproject,we’llgoonwith B.Inspite Thank D.BecauseItwasalmostdarkinthe afewverypoweful A. B.but C.x D.excepttoday,hewouldgettherebyFWouldhe B.IfheC.Washe D.WerehetoHegavemesome adviceonbuyingaA. B. C. D.Hisgoalisnot ea achampioninacertainbutrather B.butrather C.but D.butrather Ijustmet onthewayhomefromtheA.on B.by C.in D.inIdon’tknowabout commentonhimbehindhisA.let B.let C.leave D.takeMytransistorradioisoutoforder. needtobe B.needC.needs D.needstoNoone lusanythingabout A. B. C. D. allfoolishcommentsandkeptonA.B.C.D.31.Iagreewith,butnotA.untilacertainB.tosomeC.tosomeD.untilacertainPeopleinsomepartsoftheworldoftentaketheirwaterfor .theyuseasmuchwaterastheyA. B. C. D.Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficult betweenblue A. B. C. D.Thousandsofpeopleonthe ethevisitgturned B.turned Cturned D.turnedThemountainceisbeautiful, hewrkingconditions,it’swhen B.whenitcomesC.whenitis D.whenitdiesAre spendingmemoneynthespaceinfavor B vo C.infavor D.outofIn ofmyparents,standardsofeducationinthepublicschoolareactuallyA. B. C. D.fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueA. B.Tobe C. D.havingThisyear’stotaloutputvalueofindustryandagriculturewill 5percentoverlastA. B. C. D.Maryisthetopstudentintheclass.Shestudies thanany B.thanalltheC.thananyother D.thansomeotherManypeoplehaveappliedfor A. B. C. D.Mynewshoescostme50yuan(RMB).Theprice thatthelastpairIboughtamonthA.twotimemoreC.asB.twiceasmuchD.asmuchas43.AlmosteveryoneA.passhisdriver’sonthefirstB.tohavepassedhisdriver’sC.topasshisdriver’sD.passinghisdriver’sOverthetraditionalfestivalpeoplevisiteachother A. B. C. D.It becausehewastiredoutthathefellasleepstandingA. B. C. D.Theyoungmanwasaccused theladyofherA. B. C. D.NomatterwhereourPartyneedsus,we hergiveanswer B.respondC.haveresponse DanswerItisastonishingthat ofyourinte becheatedsoA. B. C.m D.Wewerecomple whenwefinallyreachedtheworn Bworn C.worn D.wornMany thepastarecommonA. B.to C. D.tobeNotuntilmanyyears wasthewhole B.didthewhole C.thewholetruth D.thewholetruthhadWedidn’tknowhisephonenumber,otherwise would B.wouldhaveC.had D.musthaveThereisno withhim,sincehehasalreadymadeuphisA.B.toC.inD.of54.IthatletterforA.youtoB.yourC.youD.thatyouI’dlike aspecialseatfortheconnectofMayA. B. C. D.thatsoniswellagain,younolongerhaveanythingtoworryA. B. C. D.Generallyspeaking,allkindsofmaterialswillexpandwhenheatedbut whenA. B. C. D.Youwon’tknowifitfitsyouuntil itA.will B.are C.areto D.haveAfteralleffortsinvain,hehadtoacceptthe A. B. C. D.Therestofhislife tothecauseofinternationalexchangesofvisitingA. B. C. D.Directions:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblankthe urchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassageandthenmarksyouranswerontheAswerSheet.In1982,MarkThatcher,thesonofMrsThacherwsreported61intheSaharaDesertwhilecompetingintheGrandPrixmotorrafromParistoDakar.Thissadnews,so62,shooktheusuallycalmandunperturbedseasonedpotician63hbalance.Thoughshedidherbesttopretendasif64hadhappenedandmadeherpubliappearncesasusual,peoplecouldnot65tonoticethatshewasnolongertheold66primeministerwhoalwayshadeverything67control.68shehad eaverysadmotherwhowasunabletorecoverfromhershock.Oneday,whenshewastospeakataluncheonparty,areportercaughther69herguardby70upthesubjectofhermissingsonagain.Shewastotallymentally71forthequestionandlostherselfcontrol.Tearswererollingdownhereyesasshesobbinglytoldthereporterthatthere72stillnonewsofMarkandthatshewasveryworriedabouthim.Shesaidthatallthecountries73hadpromisedtodotheirbesttohelpherfindherson.74thatshebrokedowncompleyandsobbedsilentlyforquiteawhile.Graduallyshe75downandstartedtospeakas76.itwasaverymovingscenewhich77anewsideofMrs.Thatcher’scharacterthepublicdonotusuallysee,78peoplebegantotalkabouttheIronWoman’smaternallove,asentimentthatis79toallhumankind.LaterMarkreturned80andsoundtomother’sside,good-humoredandallsasusual,asifnothingunusualhadeverhappened.TheIronWoman,however,brokedownagainaswassobbingforthesecondtime.61.A.B.C.D.62.A.B.C.D.63.A.B.C.D.64.A.B.C.D.65.A.B.C.D.66.A.B.self-C.D.self-67.A.B.C.D.68.A.B.C.D.69.A.B.outC.D.70.A.B.C.D.71.A.B.C.unpepD.72.A.B.C.sholdD.would73.A.B.CD.74.A.B.C.D.75.A.B.C.caD.A. B.nni C. D.aA.ex B C. D.A. Binst C. D.A. B. C. D.A.

C. D.ShophabitsintheUnitedStateshavechangedgreatlyinthelastquarterofthe20thcentury.61inthe1900smostAmericanstownsandcitieshadaMainStreet.MainStreetwasalwaysinthehearofatown.Thisstreetwas62onbothsideswithmany63businesses.Here,shopperstalkedintostorestolookatallsortsofmerchandise:clothing,furniture,hardware,groceries,64,someshopsoffered65.Theseshopsincludeddrugstores,restaurants,shoerepairstores,andbarberorhairdressingshops.66inthe1950s,achangebeganto67.ToomanyautoshadcrowdedintoMainStreet68toofewparkingceere69shoppers.Becausethestreetswerecrowded,merchantsbegantolookwithinterestattheopenspaces70thecitylimits.Openspaceiswhattheircardrivingcustomersneeded.Andopenspaceiswhattheygot71thefirstshopcenterwasbuilt.Shopcenters,orrathermalls,72asacollectionofsmallnewstores73crowedcitycenters.74byhundredsofparkingspace,customersweredrawnawayfrom75areastooutlyingmalls.Andthegrowing76ofshopcentersled77tothebuildingofbiggerandbetterstockedstores,78thelate197s,manyshopmallshadalmostdevelopedintosmallcitiesthemselves.Inadditiontoprovidingthe79ofonestopshop,mallsweretransformedintolandscapedparks,80benches,fountains,andoutdoorentertainment.61A.AsearlyA.A.A.ApartB.B.B.B.C.EarlyC.C.C.InD.D.D.mixed-D.AsA.medicalA.A.betakingA.A.availableA.A.A.A.outA.A.B.B.B.takeB.B.availableB.B.BBawayB.B.C.cosmC.CotraC.betkencCthoughC.usedC.ouC.C.setC.nextC.C.D.D.D.havetakenD.andD.readyD.D.D.D.D.D.A.A.A.A.A.becauseB.B.inB.B.B.C.C.byC.C.C.D.D.D.D.D. PartIVTranslation（共35分Directions:Translatethefollowingsentencesinto.YoumayrefertothecorrespondingpassagesinPart81、TocoverthemarksofthefirethebuildingwaspaintedwhiteBeforelongitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.(PassageOne)82、Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,andnative-speakingstudents.(PassageTwo)83、Yetcowboyslikedtheirwayoflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventureand dom.(PassageThree)Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratiothatemainedalmostconstantformanydecades.(PassageFour)Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidteconclusonth hehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.(PassageFour)Iwouldberushingtogettoclassontimetrytogatherupnotesfromamaelstromofpapersonmydesk,notcertain