八年級英語下冊Module3Journeytospace同步課件新外研

年八年級英語下冊Module3Journeytospace同步課件新外研Unit1Unit2Unit31.reach(教材P18)到達(dá);抵達(dá)[解讀]

reach及物動(dòng)詞,意為“到達(dá);抵達(dá)”。HereachedBeijingyesterday.他昨天到達(dá)北京。Unit

1

Has

it

arrived

yet?Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3拓展reach還可意為“夠得著”。She

can’t

reach

the

book

on

the

shelf

and

neither

can

I.她夠不到書架上的書,我也夠不到。Unit1Unit2Unit3

are

you

up

to?(教材P18)你在忙什么?[解讀]

beupto意為“正在做某事;忙于某事”。Whatisheuptowheneveryoneisbusydoingtheirhomework?每個(gè)人都在忙著做作業(yè)的時(shí)候,他在做什么?Whatareyouonearthupto?你究竟在搞什么名堂?拓展(1)up

to意為“多達(dá)”。I

can

take

up

to

four

people

in

my

car.我的車能載4個(gè)人。(2)be

up

to

sb.意為“由……決定,由……負(fù)責(zé)”。It’s

up

to

you

whether

we

accept

the

present

or

not.我們要不要這份禮物由你決定。Unit1Unit2Unit3

haven’t

started

yet

because

I’m

not

sure

how

to

make

it.(教材P18)我還沒有開始做,因?yàn)槲也淮_定如何制作。[解讀1]

yet副詞,常用于句末。用于否定句時(shí),意為“還,尚(用于表示某事在某一段時(shí)間尚未發(fā)生,但未來也許會發(fā)生)”;用于疑問句時(shí),意為“已經(jīng)”?！狧aveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?——你已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了嗎?—No,Ihaven’tfinishedityet.——不,沒完成。注意already一般用于肯定句中或句末。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.我已經(jīng)完成我的家庭作業(yè)了。Unit1Unit2Unit3[解讀2]

此處為“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”作besure的賓語。疑問代詞what,which,whom或疑問副詞how,when,where等疑問詞后加不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語,在句中作賓語,通常放在tell,show,teach,learn等動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞的后面。Hewilladviseyouwhattodo.他會建議你們做什么。Willyoushowmehowtousethismachine?你能示范教我如何使用這部機(jī)器嗎?Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3,no

problem.(教材P18)當(dāng)然,沒問題。[解讀]

noproblem意為“沒問題”,用來表示同意或愉快地回答請求。—Couldyouposttheletterforme?——請幫我寄這封信好嗎?—Noproblem.——沒問題。Unit1Unit2Unit3拓展no

problem在口語中的其他用法(1)用來回答感謝(主要用于美國英語中),意為“不用謝;

別客氣;沒什么”。—Thank

you

very

much.——非常感謝你?！狽o

problem.——沒什么。(2)用來回答道歉(主要用于美國英語中),意為“沒關(guān)系;

沒什么”。—Excuse

me

for

smoking

here.——請?jiān)徫以谶@兒抽煙了?！狽o

problem.——沒關(guān)系。(3)用來表示有能力做某事,意為“沒問題;不在話下”?！狢an

you

make

a

kite?——你會做風(fēng)箏嗎?—No

problem.——沒問題。Unit1Unit2Unit3

you

heard

the

latest

news?(教材P18)你聽說最近的新聞了沒?[解讀1]

latest形容詞,意為“最近的;最新的”。HaveyoureadMoYan’slatestwork?你讀過莫言最新的作品嗎?Unit1Unit2Unit3拓展latest用作late的最高級,意為“最晚;最遲”。

Unit1Unit2Unit3[解讀2]

news不可數(shù)名詞,意為“新聞;消息”。Nonewsisgoodnews.沒有消息就是好消息。注意“一條新聞”可表達(dá)為a

piece

of

news。Unit1Unit2Unit3

journey

has

taken

several

months.(教材P18)旅途花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間。[解讀]

take動(dòng)詞,在此處表示“花費(fèi)”,常指花費(fèi)“時(shí)間或金錢”,其常用句型為:Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.“某人花多少時(shí)間做某事”,注意后面動(dòng)詞前的to不可丟掉。Ittakeshimanhourtodohishomeworkintheevening.晚上他要花一小時(shí)做作業(yè)。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit37.That’s

why

it’s

on

the

news.(教材P18)這就是它(宇宙飛船)上新聞的原因。[解讀1]

That’swhy...意為“這就是……的原因”,含有why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的作表語的句子叫表語從句。That’swhyIdon’tliketheperson.那就是我不喜歡這個(gè)人的原因。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3[解讀2]

on在這里是介詞,意為“在(播放)中”。Iheardthenewsontheradio.我在廣播中聽到的消息。Unit1Unit2Unit3

have

they

discovered

life

on

Mars?(教材P18)那么宇航員在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了生命了嗎?[解讀]

discover動(dòng)詞,意為“發(fā)現(xiàn);找到”。指發(fā)現(xiàn)原來已有但不為人知的事物。Theydiscoveredanewoilfield.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)新油田。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3,but

no

one

has

been

to

Mars

yet,because

Mars

is

very

far

away,much

farther

than

the

moon.(教材P18)是的,但是還沒有人去過火星,因?yàn)榛鹦欠浅＿b遠(yuǎn),比月球遠(yuǎn)得多。[解讀1]

faraway意為“遙遠(yuǎn);遠(yuǎn)”。farawayfrom意為“離……遠(yuǎn)”。Thebusstopisfaraway.公共汽車站很遠(yuǎn)。We’llhavelunchatarestaurantnotfarawayfromtheoffice.我們會去一家離辦公室不遠(yuǎn)的餐館吃午飯。[解讀2]

much(程度副詞)用在比較級前,以加強(qiáng)語氣。Thatactressisalready50,butshelooksmuchyounger.那個(gè)女演員已經(jīng)50歲了,但她看上去年輕得多。Unit1Unit2Unit3

of

scientists

are

working

hard

in

order

to

send

astronauts

to

Mars

one

day.(教材P18)為了有一天把宇航員送到火星上去,許多科學(xué)家正在努力。[解讀]

inorderto意為“為了”。其后跟動(dòng)詞原形,引導(dǎo)目的狀語,置于句首或句中。Weshouldworkhardinordertopasstheexam.為了能通過考試,我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。Inordertoearnenoughmoney,heworkedlateintothenight.為了賺到足夠的錢,他工作到深夜。Unit1Unit2Unit3注意in

order

that和sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語時(shí),后接從句。We

should

work

hard

in

order

that

/so

that

we

can

pass

the

exam.為了能通過考試,我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。拓展in

order

to引導(dǎo)目的狀語,可以直接用動(dòng)詞不定式即to

do

sth.來代替。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit

2

We

have

not

found

life

on

any

other

planets

yet.

think

that

there

has

been

life

on

the

earth

for

hundreds

of

millions

of

years.(教材P20)科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為地球上的生命已有數(shù)億年的歷史。[解讀1]

therehasbeen是therebe句型的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。therebe句型的時(shí)態(tài)是通過變化be動(dòng)詞來實(shí)現(xiàn)。Therewillberaininallpartsofthecountrynextweek.下周全國各地將有雨。There’sgoingtobeameetingtomorrow.明天將要有一個(gè)會議。Thereissomemilkinthebottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。Unit1Unit2Unit3[解讀2]

Unit1Unit2Unit3口訣助記百、千、百萬和十億,準(zhǔn)確數(shù),用原形;表大概,加s和of。

注意當(dāng)這些詞前有數(shù)詞或several,some等修飾時(shí)則不加s,也不跟介詞of,直接跟名詞。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit32.None

of

them

has

an

environment

like

that

of

the

earth,so

scientists

do

not

think

they

will

find

life

on

them.(教材P20)它們中沒有一個(gè)有類似地球的環(huán)境存在,所以科學(xué)家們并不認(rèn)為在它們上面會發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。[解讀]

none不定代詞,意為“沒有一人;沒有一個(gè);一點(diǎn)兒也沒有”。既可指人,也可指物。Noneofmyfriendsis/areinterested.我的朋友沒有一個(gè)感興趣。Noneofthekeyscanopenthedoor.沒有一把鑰匙能打開這個(gè)門。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3,no

spaceship

has

travelled

far

enough

to

reach

other

stars

in

our

Galaxy.(教材P20)然而,沒有一艘宇宙飛船飛得足夠遠(yuǎn)以到達(dá)我們銀河系中的其他恒星。[解讀]

adj./adv.+enoughtodosth.意為“足夠……做某事”,其中enough是副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞要后置,其后跟動(dòng)詞不定式。Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.這個(gè)男孩到了上學(xué)的年齡了。Heranfastenoughtocatchthethief.他跑得足夠快,抓住了那個(gè)小偷。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3

have

always

asked

the

questions:with

so

many

stars

in

the

universe,are

we

alone,or

is

there

life

out

there

in

space?(教材P20)科學(xué)家們一直在問這些問題:宇宙中有這么多恒星,我們是孤單的嗎,還是在遠(yuǎn)方的太空中還有生命存在呢?[解讀1]

withsomanystarsintheuniverse是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作伴隨狀語?！皐ith+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語補(bǔ)足語可由動(dòng)詞-ing、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語充當(dāng)。Shestoodtherechattingwithherfriend,withherchildplayingbesideher.她站在那兒跟朋友閑聊,孩子在旁邊玩。(動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Ithinkwecanleavewithourheadsheldhigh.我認(rèn)為我們可以高昂著頭離開。(過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Unit1Unit2Unit3Hestoodatthedoor,withacomputerinhishand.他站在門口,手里拿著一部電腦。(介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Helikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.他喜歡開著窗戶睡覺。(形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Theboywaswalking,withhisfatherahead.父親在前,小孩在后走著。(副詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Withsomuchworktodo,Ihavenotimetotakeaholiday.有這么多工作要做,我沒有時(shí)間休假。(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語)Hesattherethinking,withhisheadinhishands.他雙手抱著頭,坐在那兒沉思。(介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語)[解讀2]

alone為形容詞,意為“單獨(dú)的;獨(dú)自的”。Ilookedaround.Iwasaloneintheforest.我向四周看了看,森林里只有我自己。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3圖片助記lonely和aloneUnit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3

has

no

one

communicated

with

us?(教材P20)為什么沒有人和我們聯(lián)系過呢?[解讀]

communicate動(dòng)詞,意為“聯(lián)系;交流”。其名詞形式為communication。communicatewithsb.意為“和某人交談”。Weusuallycommunicatebyphone.我們通常電話聯(lián)系。It’sveryeasytocommunicatewithotherswiththedevelopmentofscience.隨著科技的發(fā)展,和別人交流很容易。拓展have

a

communication

with

sb.意為“和某人交流;和某人談話”。I

don’t

know

how

to

learn

’d

like

to

have

a

conversation

with

my

English

teacher.我不知道如何學(xué)習(xí)英語,我想和英語老師談?wù)劇nit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit

3

Language

in

use

have

been

to

the

moon

and

returned.(教材P22)宇航員們?nèi)ミ^月球并返回了。[解讀]

return動(dòng)詞,在這里意為“返回,回來”,相當(dāng)于come/goback。BlairwillreturntoLondontonight.今晚布萊爾將返回倫敦。拓展return還可以作動(dòng)詞,意為“歸還”。He

has

not

returned

me

the

book

yet.他還沒把書還給我。Unit1Unit2Unit32.I’ve

just

finished

reading

a

great

book

at

school.(教材P23)我剛剛在學(xué)校讀完一本很棒的書。[解讀]

finishdoingsth.意為“做完某事”。Haveyoufinishedreadingthenovelyet?你已經(jīng)讀完這本小說了嗎?拓展其后跟動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語的動(dòng)詞(短語)還有keep,enjoy,mind,practise,look

forward

to等。口訣助記介意喜歡保持練習(xí),期待后跟動(dòng)名詞。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3

haven’t

(2)

anything

as

good

as

that

for

a

long

time!(教材P23)我已經(jīng)很久沒有(2)

像它一樣好的書了!

[解讀]

as...as意為“和……一樣”,表示兩者之間的同級比較,兩個(gè)as之間用形容詞或副詞的原級形式。MikeisascarefulasMary.邁克和瑪麗一樣認(rèn)真。拓展not

as/so...as意為“不如……”,表示前者不如后者。Jack

doesn’t

dance

so

well

as

Lucy.杰克跳舞不如露西跳得好。Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit3Unit1Unit2Unit34....Saturday

is

named

after

the

planet

Saturn...(教材P25)……星期六是以土星命名的……[解讀]

benamedafter意為“以……命名”,其中name是動(dòng)詞,意為“命名;名字叫”。Mars,the“RedPlanet”,isnamedaftertheRomangodofwar.火星,那個(gè)紅色的行星,是以羅馬戰(zhàn)神的名字命名的。12現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(2)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成并對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響和結(jié)果,從時(shí)間上看與現(xiàn)在仍然有密不可分的聯(lián)系,通常用時(shí)間副詞just,already,yet等作時(shí)間狀語。12122.have(has)beento,have(has)beenin與have(has)goneto的區(qū)別:12HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?你去過北京