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第第頁2022-2023學年河南省信陽市高一(下)期末英語試卷(含解析,無聽力部分)2022-2023學年河南省信陽市高一(下)期末英語試卷
一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共37.5分)
A
閱讀下列材料,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該選項標號涂黑。
Childhoodisthegoldenperiodoflifewhenkidslovetostayintheworldofcartoons.We,humans,lovetoseeanimalsascharactersinfictionalstoriesandcartoonshows.Hereisalistofsomeofourfavouritecartoonanimals.
MickeyMouse
MickeyMouseisknownallovertheworldinitsbrightredshortsandlargeyellowshoes.Thisworld-famouscartonofamousehastakenourheartsawayalongwithhisfriendstheDonaldDuck,MinnieMouse,andpetdogPlutosince1928.
DonaldDuck
Themostfamousduckintheworld,DonaldDuckisawhiteduckwithalargeyellow-orangebeak(鳥喙)thatappearsonscreendressedinasailor'scapandshirt.Firstintroducedin1934,heisknownforhisoptimisticandenthusiasticattitudetowardslife.June9thiscelebratedastheNationalDonaldDuckDayeveryyearasthiswasthedaywhenDonaldmadehisscreenfirstpublicappearance.
TomandJerry
TomandJerryaremainlyaboutabitter-sweetfriendshipbetweenthetitlecharactersTom,acat,andJerry,amouse.Theirstorieshavebeenmadeinto161comedyshortfilmsbyWilliamHannaandJosephBarberasince1940.Thetwoshareseveralsweetadventuresandhavebeenattractingtheaudiencewiththeirtricksforalmost80years.
KungFuPanda
Theworld-famousandlovelyfatPotheGiantPandaisakungfuenthusiast,whoaccidentallygetsselectedastheDragonWarrior.HeisMasterShifu'sfavouritestudentattheJadePalace.HethenteamsuptodestroytheevilforcesthatthreatentheValleyofPeace.Po'sgenerosity,strength,andwill-powermakehimwintheheartsofpeopleallovertheworld.
1.Whoisthearticlemainlywrittenfor?______
A.Children.B.Teachers.C.Writers.D.Players.
2.WhatisspecialaboutDonaldDuck?______
A.ItmakesyouthinkofChinaeasily.
B.Aholidayiscelebratedbecauseofit.
C.Itistheoldestcartoonanimaloffour.
D.Ithasbeenmadeintocomedyshortfilms.
3.Whichcartoonanimalisstrongandbrave?______
A.MickeyMouse.B.DonaldDuck.C.TomandJerry.D.KungFuPanda.
B
Carlwasdrivinghistaxicarcrossingashoppingcenterwhenhenoticedawomangettingoffanothertaxiwithachildinherarms,beggingthedrivernottoleaveherthere.Carlwascuriousandgotoffthetaxitofindoutwhathappened.Theboywashavingdifficultybreathing,andhisarmsandlegswereshakinguncontrollably."He'shavinganattack!Pleasehurryup,Miss!Wehavetogethimtothehospital.Quick,getin!"
Thehospitalwasseveralmilesaway,sohehadtoraceagainsttimetosavetheboy.ThewomantoldCarlthatsheandherfour-year-oldson,Tyler,werereturningfromtheparkwhenitstartedraining.Buthersonsuddenlyfellill,sosheaskedthedrivertotakethemtothehospitalinstead.Butherefused,becauseshehadnomoney.CarlwasdeterminedtosaveTyler,sohekeptdriving.
Halfanhourlater,theyarrivedatthehospital.Tylerwasrushedinsidefortreatmentimmediatelyashismotherwaswaitingoutside,cryingandhopinghewouldbefine.Carlwashungryandextremelytiredbuthestayedthereuntilthedoctorsgaveanupdateabouttheboythathewasoutofdangeranhourlater.Buthewastoldthatitcouldhavebeendangerousiftheyhadn'tmadeithereontime.Mrs.ThomasimmediatelylookedatCarlandjoinedherhandsintears,thankinghimforsavingherson'slife.Later,hedroppedthemoffathome,andwhenMrs.Thomascameouttopayhim,herefused.
"Ihaveapolicy.Freeofchargeforthosemakingtripstothehospital!"saidCarl."I'mjustgladIwasthereontime.Ijustdidwhatanygoodhumanbeingwoulddo.Haveagoodnight,Mrs.Thomas!Andpleasegivemyregardstoyourson,Tyler!!"
CarldisappearedfromMrs.Thomas'ssight.
4.HowdidCarlmeetthewomanandhisson?______
A.Hehelpedtheworriedmothertocomfortherson.
B.Hewasintroducedtothembyanothertaxidriver.
C.Hewasaskedtotakethemtothehospitalbytaxi.
D.Heofferedtotakethemtothehospitalinhistaxi.
5.WheredidTylerandhismothergobeforehefellill?______
A.Apark.B.Asupermarket.C.Abank.D.Astation.
6.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?______
A.Tyler'smotherwassurehewasalright.
B.Carlwasstayingthereaftereatingsomething.
C.Carldrovethetwoofthembackhomeforfree.
D.Tyler'smothershookCarl'shandstothankhim.
7.HowdidCarlfeelwhenheleftTylerandhismother?______
A.Anxious.B.Relieved.C.Regretful.D.Excited.
C
"There'sabirdinthehouse!"isnotaphrasegenerallyspokeninatranquilvoice.Moreof-ten,itusuallyleadstoafrightenedcry.Here'swhatyouneedtoknowabouthandlingthissituationcalmlyandeffectively.
Thefirstthingtodoisrelax.Yournervouscriesareonlygoingtoscarethepoorthing,probablymakingitmuchmorealarmed.Driveoutanypetsorkeepanyadditionalfamilymembersawaythatmayaddtotheconfusion.Turnoffanyceilingfansandputlidsoverhotpots.
Sincethebirdisgoingtoheadforlight,it'simportanttoclosethecurtainsonallwindowsexceptone——theoneyouwillnowopenaswidelyaspossibletoprovidealargeropeningforthebird.Closetheextradoorstopreventthebirdfromheadingelsewhereinthehouse.Ifthere'snodoor,youmayhavetodothisbystandinginthedoorwayholdingupsomethingtocloseitoff.
Turnoffanylightstodarkentheroomandneighboringroomsasmuchaspossible,whichwillallowthelightoftheopenwindowordoortoguidethebirdout.Thebrightertheexitis,thebetteritbecomes.Thelittleguyshouldfinditswayoutandleavetheroomwithinseconds.
Ifalargeamountoftimehaspassedandthebirdremainsinside,youcanholdupapieceofsheetorclothtotrytodirectthebirdtowardthewindowordoor.Somesuggestthrowingatowelonthebird,butthisshouldonlybedoneasalasteffort.
Youcanalsocalmlychasethebirdaroundtheroomtotireitout.Eventually,itwillstopflyingandrestonaplace,atwhichpointyoumightbeabletoputitgentlyintoaboxusingatowel.Covertheboxwiththetowelandcarryitoutdoorstorelease.Neverstrikeabirdwithabroom.
Ifallelsefails,askawildliferemovalprofessionalforhelp.
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tranquil"meaninthefirstparagraph?______
A.nervous.B.calm.C.excited.D.cheerful.
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisadvisable?______
A.Throwingsomethingonthebird.
B.Askingyourbrothertohelpyou.
C.Closingthecurtainsonallwindows.
D.Chasingthebirdaroundtotireitout.
10.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?______
A.DifferentAttitudestoaTrappedBird
B.HowtoGetaBirdoutofYourHouse
C.HowtoProtecttheBirdsinYourHouse
D.DifferentWaystoCatchaBirdinYourHouse
11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?______
A.Ascientificjournal.B.Ahistorytextbook.
C.Atravelmagazine.D.Adesignhandbook.
D
Havingfaileddoesn'tnecessarilymeanyou'reafailure.AlexanderFlemingfailedtokeephislabequipmentcleanduringatwo-weekvacation,andasaresult,hediscoveredpenicillin(青霉素).Thisdiscoveryissaidtohavesavedupto200millionlives.
Eventhemostoptimisticpersoncanfaceanxiety,stress,andafeelingofpersonaldefeat.Youarenoexception.Butsittingaroundcomplainingwilljustmakeyoualoser.Whatyoudonextishowyoumakesurethatfailuredoesn'tgotowaste.Bytreatingeachfailureasanopportunitytoreflectandgrow,youcanremovemuchofthefearthatyou'regoingtofailandlookahead.
Itakeprideinbeingaresponsibleandcapablepersoninperforminganytask.Yet,despitemybestefforts,Idofail.WhenIfail,Itendtoblamemyselfformycarelessnessandworryaboutothers'comments.However,somecolleaguesandfriendshavesurprisedmewiththeirinstantforgiveness.Theyknowforgivenessisoftentheonlythingthatmakessense.Theyarewillingtoletgooftheincidentandhelpmefeelbetter.
Supportfromothersiswelcome,butthebestsupportwecangetcomesfromourselves.Wecanlearnfromourexperiencesbyobserving,analyzing,andtheorizingwhenthingswentwrong.
MyfathertaughtmetostartanewprojectwheneverIamfacingtroubledtimes.Thiscouldbewritingorreading,creatingorlearning,butit'salwayssomethingtocarryon.Tohaveaprojectforthefuturecreateshope.Hopeisthecourageoflife.Itisinvisiblebutitcangiveustheabilitytolooktothefuture.Onlyifwekeepoursightsonthehorizon,willweneverfallonthesmallrocks.
Failurehurtsusinsomeways.Itisamistaketoassumethatfailureisdesirable.Butacompleteabsenceoffailurewouldmakeourlivesverydullindeed.Thebestwecandoiscreatesuccessesfromourfailures.
12.WhatdoestheexampleofAlexanderFlemingtellus?______
A.Whatfailureis.B.Failureisrelative.
C.Penicilliniseffective.D.Fleminginventedpenicillin.
13.Whatisthewriter'ssuggestionforsomeonewhohavefailed?______
A.Tryingtobepositive.B.Explaininghowthathappened.
C.Learningfromthefailure.D.Turningtoothersforhelp.
14.Howdoestheauthordrawtheconclusionin3—5Paragraphs?______
A.Bysharinghispersonalexperience.
B.Bydoingsomescientificexperiments.
C.Bygettingadvicefromhisfriends.
D.Byobtainingknowledgefrombooks.
15.Whatistheattitudeofthewritertofailure?______
A.Negative.B.Uncertain.C.Objective.D.Doubtful.
二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共12.5分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Youarecertaintoenjoychattingtoyourfriends.(1)______.Makesuretoaskyourfriendssomemorepersonalandinterestingquestionsnexttime.
WhatAreYourBestChildhoodMemories?
Askyourfriendstofindoutwhatstandsoutastheirmostimpressivememoryfromtheirchildhood:watchingthesamecartoonsonSaturdaymornings,playingwiththesametypesoftoys,orwinningaschoolspellingcompetition?(2)______
WhereShouldWeHangOutNext?
Cometoanagreementonwhattodothatwillbefunforeveryone.Askyourfriendsfortheiractivityideasandgiveyourown.(3)______PerhapsyoucansuggestadaytriptoaDisneylandparkinanearbycity,ormaybesomeofyourfriendswanttotakeanightcampingtrip.
WhatDoesYourFutureHold?
Askyourfriendsabouttheirplansafterhighschoolgraduation.Letthemdiscusswhethertheywanttogotocollege,orgotoworkdirectly.(4)______Perhapssomeofyourfriendswantedtobecomedoctorsafterhearingaspeechfromafamousmedicalworker.Shareyourowndreamjobswiththemandgiveyourreasons.
What'sYourRiskiestExperience?
(5)______Askyourfriendsabouttheirmostunforgettableexperiences.Itwillbeinterestingtodiscussanyextremelyfrighteningbutoftenexcitingstories.Perhapsoneofyourfriendsrodeontheworld'sfastestrollercoaster(過山車)whileanotherfriendmayhavebungeejumpedoffacliff(懸崖).Maybesomeoneeventookarideinahotairballoon.
A.Createalistofallthesuggestions.
B.Everybodycantalkabouttheclasses.
C.Shareyourownmostenjoyableoneswiththem.
D.Discussnewmusicandmoviesthatyoufindinteresting.
E.Unusualexperiencescanbethetopicforexcitingconversations.
F.However,afteryouknoweverythingaboutthem,yourconversationsmaygetboring.
G.Iftheyareincollege,askthemwhatinfluenceshelpedthemdecideontheirjobchoices.
16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G
17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G
18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G
19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G
20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G
三、完形填空(本大題共15小題,共15.0分)
閱讀下面的短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
WhenIwasaboyofeight,mymomwasverysickandverydepressedandImadeheraget-well-sooncard.Shelookedatitandsmiled(1)______,"therearenoroses..."
Notlongago,welivedinamuchbiggerhouse,withabiggardenfullofroseseverywhere.WhenIwassix,dad'sbusiness(2)______suddenlybecauseofbadmanagement.Eventhoughhe(3)______torescuethecompany,hehadto(4)______two-thirdsofhisemployees.Asaresult,wehadtosellthebighouse(5)______,movingintoasmallerhouse,infrontofwhichtheearthwas(6)______withoutasingleleafofgrassgrowingthere.
"Itwillbegreatsoon."Dad(7)______mumcheerfully,"I'llpaintthehouse,andyou'llplantyourroses!"Butwecouldbothseeshewasnotabit(8)______.
"Oh,look,mom!"I(9)______.Ipointedatthegardennextdoorwiththousandsofflowers."TheneighborhasROSES!Youcangrowthemtoo!"Butmomwasn'tfeelingwell,andshedidn'thavethe(10)______tostartanewgarden.
Isatinmyyard(11)______attheneighbor'sgarden.Myneighborsawmeand(12)______,"Whyareyoulookingatmyroses?"
"They'rereallybeautiful!"Itriedtobe(13)______,"Mymomusedtohaveroses.Butshehasbeenseriouslyill,andshe(14)______roses.""Goodboy,youcanpickasmanyrosesforyourmother."
Iembracedgrannyforher(15)______.Mymotherconsidereditthemostbeautiful,magicalthinganyonehadeverdoneforher.
21.A.pleasantlyB.quietlyC.shylyD.weakly
22.A.expandedB.declinedC.progressedD.developed
23.A.agreedB.promisedC.managedD.waited
24.A.layoffB.turndownC.huntforD.dependon
25.A.angrilyB.nervouslyC.unwillinglyD.fearfully
26.A.dryB.muddyC.richD.magical
27.A.praisedB.suggestedC.protectedD.comforted
28.A.disappointedB.excitedC.embarrassedD.touched
29.A.doubtedB.laughedC.screamedD.wondered
30.A.energyB.confidenceC.courageD.experience
31.A.shoutingB.pointingC.shootingD.staring
32.A.reactedB.questionedC.commentedD.considered
33.A.honestB.politeC.gentleD.patient
34.A.expectsB.collectsC.acceptsD.purchases
35.A.devotionB.determinationC.appreciationD.generosity
四、語法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)
36.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
DuanWuFestival,knownastheDragonBoatFestival,falls(1)______the5thdayofthe5thlunarmonth.
OnetraditionalfoodweallenjoyisthericedumplingorZongzi,whichwascreatedtohonorapoetinChina'shistory(2)______(name)QuYuan.In278B.C.,theQinStatetookcontrolofthecapitalofChubyforce.Onhearingofthenews,QuYuaningreatdespair(絕望)killed(3)______(him)intheMiLuoRiver.HearingofQuYuan's(4)______(die),thesadlocalpeoplepaddled(用槳劃船)theirboatsupanddowntheriver(5)______(search)forhisbody.Theybeatdrumstofrightenanybadspiritsaway,andthey(6)______(throw)riceintotheriverforthefish,hopingthattheywouldeatthericebutnotQuYuan'sbody.Thesetwothou-sand-year-old(7)______(tradition)survivedintheformofricedumplingsanddragonboatingtoday.ThemoderntraditionofDragonboatracingfestivalbeganinChinaandhasbecomeanannualraceinmanymajorcities(8)______(global).
Ricedumplingsaremadewithaspecialtypeofstickyrice,wrappedinbamboo(9)______reed(蘆葦)leaves.Ricedumplingsarenotonlydelicious,buttheyarenowrootedinourmodernculturethroughthekitchensofmillionsaroundtheworld,nomatter(10)______agewearelivingin.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、書面表達(本大題共2小題,共40.0分)
37.假定你是李華,最近你很不開心,因為你經(jīng)常和父母之間發(fā)生爭執(zhí)。你想給英國的筆友Tom寫信,告訴他你成長的煩惱,并向他詢求應(yīng)對策略。
注意:
(1)詞數(shù)80左右;
(2)可以適當為加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。
38.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Arthurwasagoodboydoinghisbesttogrowintoagoodman.Arthur'sbestfriendwasKyle.Ifyoucouldn'tfindArthur,allyouhadtodowaslookforKyle.
Afewyearsago,Arthur'sfatherwasasuccessfulbusinessman.Butthingswentverywrongwhenhisdad'sbusinessfailed.ThetwoboysmetwhenArthurhadtoleavehisexpensiveprivateschool,whichhisfamilycouldnolongerafford,andgotoapublicschool.Arthur'smomworkedatthelocalbakery(面包烘房)andbroughthomeboxesofbakedgoods.JustlikeArthur's,Kyle'sfamilystruggled.TheylivedonafarmwheretheycouldnotworkanylongerbecauseKyle'sdadwastoosick,andhisgrandmotherwastooold.Kyle'smomworkedinthelaundry(洗衣店)andstillmanagedtogrowvegetablesforthefamily.Thetwofamilieshelpedeachother.ArthurgaveKyle'sfamilytheextradeliciousbakedgoods,andKyle'smomgavehimbasketsofcarrots,potatoes,tomatoes,andfruitfromthefarm.
ThingstookaturnfortheworsewhenKyle's84-year-oldgrandmotherwasseriouslyillandhadtogotothehospital.Kyleandhisfamilywereunderstandablyupset,butworseofallwerethehospitalbills.Fortunately,shesurvived.
Oneafternoon,ArthurfoundpoorKyleintears."What'sthematter,Kyle?"heasked.Hisfriendwipedhistears."Nothing,nothingatall!"hesaid.Arthurhadhisdoubts,buthedidn'tpressKyle."Well,then,"hesaid."Ihavegoodnewsforyou!MyAuntsentme$50,andmymomsaidIcouldspenditonanythingIwanted!"
"WOW!Doesthatmean..."
Arthursmiled."YES!"heshouted."ThatmeansI'mbuyingtherobot!""Whenareyougo-ingtobuyit?""Maybethisweekend,"Arthursaid."Now,howaboutyoutellmewhat'swrong?"
"Grandmaisturningeighty-fivenextweek,andIwantedtogetheranewalbum(相冊)fortheoldfamilyphotos.Shelovespagingthroughit,rememberingandtellingstories.Iaskedmydad,buthesaiditwastooexpensive."Arthurdidn'tsayaword.Hesatdownnexttohisfriendand...
注意:
(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Thatnight,Arthuraskedhismomtojoinhissecretplan.______
Thegrandmotheropenedthepresent.______
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Childhoodisthegoldenperiodoflifewhenkidslovetostayintheworldofcartoons,Wehumans,lovetoseeanimalsascharactersinfictionalstoriesandcartoonshows.(童年是人生的黃金時期,孩子們喜歡呆在卡通的世界里,我們?nèi)祟愊矚g把動物當作虛構(gòu)故事和卡通節(jié)目中的人物。)可知,童年是人生的黃金時期,孩子們喜歡呆在卡通的世界里,故文章的主要讀者是孩子們。故選A。
(2)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段DonaldDuck部分June9thiscelebratedastheNationalDonaldDuckDayeveryyearasthiswasthedaywhenDonaldmadehisscreenfirstpublicappearance.(每年的6月9日被定為全國唐老鴨日,因為這是唐老鴨第一次在銀幕上公開露面的日子。)可知,每年的6月9日被定為全國唐老鴨日,因為這是唐老鴨第一次在銀幕上公開露面的日子,因此6月9日是當作一個節(jié)日而被慶祝。故選B。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段KungFuPanda部分中HethenteamsuptodestroytheevilforcesthatthreatentheValleyofPeace.Po'sgenerosity,strength,andwill-powermakehimwintheheartsofpeopleallovertheworld.(然后功夫熊貓組隊消滅威脅和平谷的邪惡勢力。他的慷慨、力量和意志力使他贏得了全世界人民的心。)可知,功夫熊貓向罪惡宣戰(zhàn)的勇敢和慷慨、力量和意志力體現(xiàn)了他的強大和勇敢。故選D。
本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹的是幾個常見的卡通動物。
做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。
4~7.【答案】D、A、C、B
【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。講述了出租車司機卡爾在一天疲憊的駕駛結(jié)束后看到一個抱著孩子的女人央求另一位出租車司機不要把他們放下。意識到孩子癲病病發(fā)作,卡爾主動送母子二人去醫(yī)院,并且等待孩子脫離危險后送他們回家。女人表示感謝并支付車費,但卡爾拒絕了,認為自己只是做了任何一個好人都應(yīng)該做的事情。
(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"'He'shavinganattack!Pleasehurryup,Miss!Wehavetogethimtothehospital.Quick,getin!'(他發(fā)作了!小姐,請快點!我們得送他去醫(yī)院???,上車!)"可知,Carl主動提出用他的出租車送母子二人去醫(yī)院。故選D。
(2)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"ThewomantoldCarlthatsheandherfour-year-oldson,Tyler,werereturningfromtheparkwhenitstartedraining.(這位女士告訴卡爾,她和她四歲的兒子泰勒正在從公園回來的路上,突然下起了雨。)"可知,她和她四歲的兒子去了公園。A.Apark公園;B.Asupermarket超市;C.Abank銀行;D.Astation車站。故選A。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Later,hedroppedthemoffathome,andwhenMrs.Thomascameouttopayhim,herefused.(后來,他把它們放在家里,當托馬斯太太出來付錢給他時,他拒絕了)"可知,Carl把母子送回家,但沒有收取他們的出租車費。故選C。
(4)推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段"I'mjustgladIwasthereontime.Ijustdidwhatanygoodhumanbeingwoulddo.(我很高興我準時到了,我只是做了一個好人都會做的事)"??芍?,Carl對自己的出現(xiàn)感到寬慰。A.Anxious焦急的;B.Relieved如釋重負的;C.Regretful遺憾的;D.Excited興奮的。故選B。
這篇短文主要講述了Carl在開出租車的時候遇到了一個女人和一個生病的孩子,他決定幫助他們?nèi)メt(yī)院。他開車趕往醫(yī)院,最終成功將孩子送到醫(yī)院并挽救了他的生命。在醫(yī)院外等待的孩子的母親非常感激Carl,并且他堅持不收費用。最后,Carl離開了,消失在女人的視線中。
閱讀理解題考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局做出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋??忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文,完整了解信息,準確把握觀點。
8~11.【答案】B、D、B、A
【解析】(1)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段"There'sabirdinthehouse!"isnotaphrasegenerallyspokeninatranquilvoice.Moreof-ten,itusuallyleadstoafrightenedcry.Here'swhatyouneedtoknowabouthandlingthissituationcalmlyandeffectively.("房子里有只鳥!"不是一個通常用平靜的聲音說的短語。更多的時候,它通常會導致驚恐的哭泣。下面是你需要知道的如何冷靜有效地處理這種情況。)可知,遇到房間有鳥通常會發(fā)出驚嚇的叫聲,不會冷靜,所以劃線部分tranquil為"平靜的"意思。A.nervous.緊張的;B.calm.平靜的;C.excited.興奮的;D.cheerful.快樂的。故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Youcanalsocalmlychasethebirdaroundtheroomtotireitout.(你也可以平靜地在房間里追鳥,讓它累壞)可知,建議追著那只鳥跑,把它累壞。故選D。
(3)標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第三句Here'swhatyouneedtoknowabouthandlingthissituationcalmlyandeffectively(要想冷靜有效地處理這種情況,你需要知道以下幾點。)起到承上啟下的作用,是文章的主題句。以下幾段是鳥飛進屋內(nèi)后的可能及應(yīng)對措施。即:文章的主題是,如何讓鳥離你的房間。故選B。
(4)文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段"There'sabirdinthehouse!"isnotaphrasegenerallyspokeninatranquilvoice.Moreof-ten,itusuallyleadstoafrightenedcry.Here'swhatyouneedtoknowabouthandlingthissituationcalmlyandeffectively.("房子里有只鳥!"不是一個通常用平靜的聲音說的短語。更多的時候,它通常會導致驚恐的哭泣。下面是你需要知道的如何冷靜有效地處理這種情況。)可知這篇文章在講:如何讓鳥飛離房間,是一篇科普文章,本文最可能出自科學雜志。A.Ascientificjournal.科學雜志;B.Ahistorytextbook.歷史教科書;C.Atravelmagazine.一本旅游雜志;D.Adesignhandbook.設(shè)計手冊。故選A。
本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了如何讓鳥兒飛離房間的方法。
一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。
閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點,并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語篇實質(zhì)。
二、看題干,帶著問題讀文章。
首先要掌握問題的類型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類題必須經(jīng)過對的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次,了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息,然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀,對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性,提高了做題的準確率。
三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。
在實際閱讀中,有時并未把意圖說出來,閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細節(jié)的暗示,推敲的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。
猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜",通過構(gòu)詞,語法,定義,同位,對比,因果,常識,上下文等線索確定詞義。
12~15.【答案】B、C、A、C
【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Havingfaileddoesn'tnecessarilymeanyou'reafailure.AlexanderFlemingfailedtokeephislabequipmentcleanduringatwo-weekvacation,andasaresult,hediscoveredpenicillin(青霉素).Thisdiscoveryissaidtohavesavedupto200millionlives.(失敗并不一定意味著你是一個失敗者。亞歷山大弗萊明在兩周的假期里沒能保持實驗室設(shè)備的清潔,結(jié)果他發(fā)現(xiàn)了青霉素,據(jù)說這一發(fā)現(xiàn)挽救了多達2億人的生命。)可知亞歷山大弗萊明的例子告訴我們失敗是相對的。故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Butsittingaroundcomplainingwilljustmakeyoualoser.Whatyoudonextishowyoumakesurethatfailuredoesn'tgotowaste.Bytreatingeachfailureasanopportunitytoreflectandgrow,youcanremovemuchofthefearthatyou'regoingtofailandlookahead.(但是坐在那里抱怨只會讓你成為一個失敗者。接下來你要做的就是確保失敗不會被浪費掉。把每一次失敗都當作一次反思和成長的機會,你就可以消除對失敗的恐懼,向前看。)可知對失敗的人的建議是從失敗中學習。故選C。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Itakeprideinbeingaresponsibleandcapablepersoninperforminganytask.Yet,despitemybestefforts,Idofail.(我為自己在執(zhí)行任何任務(wù)時都是一個負責任和有能力的人而感到自豪。然而,盡管我盡了最大的努力,我還是失敗了。)第四段Supportfromothersiswelcome,butthebestsupportwecangetcomesfromourselves.Wecanlearnfromourexperiencesbyobserving,analyzing,andtheorizingwhenthingswentwrong.(來自他人的支持是受歡迎的,但我們能得到的最好的支持來自我們自己。當事情出錯時,我們可以通過觀察、分析和推理來從經(jīng)驗中學習。)以及第五段MyfathertaughtmetostartanewprojectwheneverIamfacingtroubledtimes.Thiscouldbewritingorreading,creatingorlearning,butit'salwayssomethingtocarryon.(我父親教導我,每當我遇到困難的時候,就開始一個新的項目。這可能是寫作或閱讀,創(chuàng)造或?qū)W習,但它總是要堅持下去的。)可知3-5段是通過分享他的個人經(jīng)歷來得出結(jié)論的。故選A。
(4)觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Failurehurtsusinsomeways.Itisamistaketoassumethatfailureisdesirable.Butacompleteabsenceoffailurewouldmakeourlivesverydullindeed.Thebestwecandoiscreatesuccessesfromourfailures.(失敗在某些方面?zhèn)α宋覀儭UJ為失敗是可取的是錯誤的。但是完全沒有失敗會使我們的生活非常枯燥。我們所能做的就是從失敗中創(chuàng)造成功。)可知對失敗的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C。
這篇短文主要講述了失敗并不意味著你是一個失敗者。亞歷山大弗萊明在度假期間沒有保持實驗室設(shè)備的清潔,結(jié)果他發(fā)現(xiàn)了青霉素。據(jù)說這一發(fā)現(xiàn)挽救了2億人的生命。即使是最樂觀的人也會面臨焦慮、壓力和個人失敗的感覺。你也不例外。但是坐在那里抱怨只會讓你成為一個失敗者。你接下來做什么決定了失敗是否白費。通過將每次失敗視為反思和成長的機會,你可以減少對失敗的恐懼,并展望未來。支持來自他人是受歡迎的,但我們能得到的最好支持來自于自己。我們可以通過觀察、分析和理論化我們失敗的經(jīng)驗來學習。我的父親教我在面對困難時開始一個新的項目。這可以是寫作或閱讀、創(chuàng)作或?qū)W習,但它總是一種繼續(xù)前進的東西。擁有未來的計劃會給我們帶來希望。希望是生活的勇氣。它是看不見的,但它可以給我們展望未來的能力。只有我們把目光放在地平線上,我們才不會跌倒在小石頭上。失敗在某種程度上會傷害我們。認為失敗是可取的是錯誤的。但是完全沒有失敗會讓我們的生活變得非常乏味。我們能做的最好的事情就是從失敗中創(chuàng)造成功。
做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。
16~20.【答案】F、C、A、G、E
【解析】(1)語境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Youarecertaintoenjoychattingtoyourfriends.(你一定喜歡和朋友聊天的)及下文Makesuretoaskyourfriendssomemorepersonalandinterestingquestionsnexttime.(下次一定要問你的朋友一些更私人和有趣的問題。)可知,下文提供了一些有趣的問題。故F選項"然而,在你了解了他們的一切之后,你們的談話可能會變得無聊。"符合語境,故選F。
(2)聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Askyourfriendstofindoutwhatstandsoutastheirmostimpressivememoryfromtheirchildhood:watchingthesamecartoonsonSaturdaymornings,playingwiththesametypesoftoys,orwinningaschoolspellingcompetition?(讓你的朋友找出他們童年記憶中最深刻的是什么:在周六早上看同樣的動畫片,玩同樣的玩具,或者贏得學校的拼寫比賽?)可知,先詢問朋友的最美好記憶是什么,接著談及自己的美好記憶。C項"和他們分享你最開心的事。"符合語境,故選C。
(3)語境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Cometoanagreementonwhattodothatwillbefunforeveryone.Askyourfriendsfortheiractivityideasandgiveyourown(達成一致,做什么對每個人來說都很有趣。向你的朋友詢問他們的活動想法,并給出你自己的想法)可知,關(guān)于去哪兒達成一致并和朋友交換活動的想法,以及下文PerhapsyoucansuggestadaytriptoaDisneylandparkinanearbycity,ormaybesomeofyourfriendswanttotakeanightcampingtrip.(也許你可以建議去附近城市的迪士尼樂園一日游,或者你的一些朋友想要進行一次夜間露營旅行。)可知,這里你可以提出兩點建議??崭裉幨菍@些建議的概括,A項"創(chuàng)建一個所有建議的列表。"符合語境,故選A。
(4)語境銜接題。根據(jù)上文Askyourfriendsabouttheirplansafterhighschoolgraduation,Letthemdiscusswhethertheywanttogotocollege,orgotoworkdirectly.(問問你的朋友他們高中畢業(yè)后的計劃,讓他們討論他們是想上大學,還是直接去工作。)及下文Perhapssomeofyoufriendswantedtobecomedoctorsafterhearingaspeechfromafamousmedicalworker.Shareyourowndreamjobswiththemandgiveyourreasons.(也許你的一些朋友在聽了一位著名醫(yī)務(wù)工的演講后想成為醫(yī)生。與他們分享你的夢想工作,并給出你的理由。)這里回答了是什么決定了工作的選擇,可知,前面建議提問什么影響他們選擇工作。G項"如果他們在上大學,問問他們是什么影響了他們的工作選擇。"符合語境,故選G。
(5)聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文Askyourfriendsabouttheirmostunforgettableexperiences.Itwillbeinterestingtodiscussanyextremelyfrighteningbutoftenexcitingstories.Perhapsoneofyourfriendsrodeontheworld'sfastestrollercoaster(過山車)whileanotherfriendmayhavebungeejumpedoffacliff(懸崖).Maybesomeoneeventookarideinahotairballoon.(問問你的朋友他們最難忘的經(jīng)歷。這將是有趣的討論任何極其可怕,但往往令人興奮的故事。也許你的一個朋友坐過世界上最快的過山車,而另一個朋友可能從懸崖上跳過蹦極。也許有人甚至乘坐了熱氣球。)可知,建議問問你的朋友他們最難忘的經(jīng)歷,因為這些不尋常的經(jīng)歷是令人興奮的話題。E項"不尋常的經(jīng)歷可以成為令人興奮的話題。"符合語境,故選E。
本文是說明文。文章介紹了一些和朋友聊天時一定要問朋友的一些更私人和有趣的問題。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類似,不同的是一個選詞,一個選句子。解題時,要注意上下文語境,充分考慮信息詞(選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語境的句子。
21~35.【答案】D、B、C、A、C、A、D、B、C、A、D、B、B、A、D
【解析】(1)考查副詞及語境理解。A.pleasantly愉快地;B.quietly安靜地;C.shyly害羞地;D.weakly虛弱地。句意:她看了看,虛弱地笑了:"沒有玫瑰……."。根據(jù)前文"mymomwasverysickandverydepressed"可知,的媽媽病的很嚴重,因此虛弱地笑了。故選D。
(2)考查動詞及語境理解。A.expanded膨脹,擴張;B.declined拒絕,衰退;C.progressed進步;D.developed發(fā)展。句意:在我六歲的時候,由于管理不善,爸爸的生意突然走下坡路。根據(jù)后文"becauseofbadmanagement"可知,因為經(jīng)營不善,爸爸的生意衰退,走下坡路。故選B。
(3)考查動詞及語境理解。A.agreed同意;B.promised承諾;C.managed管理,設(shè)法做成;D.waited解決。句意:盡管他設(shè)法挽救了公司,但他不得不裁掉三分之二的員工。根據(jù)后文"hehadto(4)two-thirdsofhisemployees."可知,的爸爸最終成功地挽救了自己的公司,可是還是要裁掉三分之二的員工。故選C。
(4)考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.layoff裁員;B.turndown拒絕;C.huntfor尋找;D.dependon依賴。句意:盡管他設(shè)法挽救了公司,但他不得不裁掉三分之二的員工。根據(jù)前文"torescuethecompany,"可知,的爸爸為了挽救公司,裁掉三分之二的員工。故選A。
(5)考查副詞及語境理解。A.angrily生氣地;B.nervously緊張地;C.unwillingly不愿意地;D.fearfully害怕地。句意:結(jié)果,我們不得不不情愿地賣掉了大房子,搬進了一所小房子,房子前面的土地是干燥的,沒有一片草在上面生長。根據(jù)前文"sellthebigho
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