江西高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷附帶答案

第第頁江西高一下學(xué)期期末英語試卷(附帶答案）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：__________一、閱讀理解TherearesomanythingstodowithkidsinNewYorkCityandwe’venarroweddownforyousomeamazingthingsforthisweek,whicharefunforallagessothewholefamilywillbehappy.SoarOveratRISENYRISENYplacesvisitorsinsidea180-degreecapsuletocreatethesenseofflight.TheexperiencebeginswithafilmtoldbyactorJeff,whichtouchesonthecity’shistory,specificallyTimesSquareanditsglobalimpact.Thenvisitorsaretakentoare-creationofthecity’sfirstsubwaystationatCityHallin1904,whichtransformsintoatheaterwithspecialvisualeffects.Eventually,apresent-daysubwaycarvirtuallytransportsgueststothegalleries.LearnAboutInsectsinDangerInthisnewphotographyexhibitionatAMNH,photographerLevonhasphotographed40endangeredspecies(selectedfromtheMuseum’sworld-classresearchcollection).Someoftheextinctandendangeredsamplesmorethan100yearsoldarealmostbroughtbacktolifethroughthephotosthatshowtheirextremedetailsandfeatures.Eachphotographtookaboutthreeweekstocreate.Brain:TheInsideStoryThisnewexhibitattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistorychallengeschildrentothinklovelythoughtsaboutthinking.AttheBrainPuzzlestation,youngstersbuildamodelstartingwiththeareasthatcontrolbasicfunctions,andthenaddregionsthatstrengthencomplexoperations,suchasremembering,feelingemotionsandplanning.BatteryParkCityLibraryAsoneofthecity’smostbeautifullibraries,nearlyeveryarchitecturalfeatureismadefromrecyclablematerial.Liketherestofthebranch,thespaciouschildren’sroomisclassicandcomfortable.OurfavoriteelementisthereadingcornerdesignedbyGreenway,whichinviteskidstounderstandthatreadingmustbedoneinanuprightposition.1．WhatdoweknowaboutJeff？A．Hedesignedthereadingcomer. B．HetoldpeopleNewYork’shistory.C．Hetookphotosofendangeredspecies. D．HeworkedattheBrainPuzzlestation.2．WhatcanvisitorsdoattheBrainPuzzlestation?A．Buildacompletemodelofabrain. B．Learntosituprightwhilereading.C．Visitatheatrewithspecialvisualeffects. D．Appreciatephotosofendangeredspecies.3．Whichofthefollowingplacescontributestoenvironmentalprotection?A．CityHall. B．RISENY.C．BatteryParkCityLibrary. D．TheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory.Onemightexpectthattheever-growingdemandsofthetouristtradewouldbringnothingbutgoodforthecountriesthatreceivetheholiday-makers.Indeed,arosypictureispaintedforthelong-termfutureoftheholidayindustry.Everymonthseesthebuildingofanewhotelsomewhere.Andeverymonthanotherrock-boundPacificislandisadvertisedasthe‘lastparadise(天堂)onearth’．However,thescaleandspeedofthisgrowthseemsettodestroytheverythingstouristswanttoenjoy.Inthosecountrieswheretherewasarushtomakequickmoneyoutofsea-sideholidays,over-crowdedbeachesandtheconcretejunglesofendlesshotelshavebeguntolosetheirappeal.Thosecountrieswithlittleexperienceoftourismcansuffermost.Inrecentyears,Nepalsetouttoattractforeignvisitorstofunddevelopmentsinhealthandeducation.Itsforests,fullofwildlifeandrareflowers,wereofferedtotouristsasonemoreuntouchedparadise.Infact,thenaturealltoosoonfelttheeffectsofthousandsofholiday-makerstravelingthroughtheforestland.Ancienttracksbecamemajorroutesforthewalkers,withtheconsequentexploitationofprecioustreesandplants.Notonlycantheenvironmentofacountrysufferfromthesuddengrowthoftourism.Thepeopleaswellrapidlyfeelitseffects.Farmlandmakeswayforhotels,roadsandairports;theoldwayoflifegoes.Theone-timefarmerisnowtheservantofsomemulti-nationalorganization;heisnolongerhisownmaster.Onceitwashisbackthatborethepain;nowitishissmilethatisexploited.Nodoubthewonderswhetherhewasn'thappierinhisvillageworkinghisownland.Thankfully,thetouristindustryiswakinguptotheresponsibilitiesithastowardsthosecountriesthatreceiveitscustomers.Theprotectionofwildlifeandthecreationofnationalparksgohandinhandwithtouristdevelopmentandinfactobtainfinancialsupportfromtouristcompanies.Atthesametime,touristsarebeingencouragedtorespectnotonlythecountrysidetheyvisitbutalsoitspeople.Thewaytourismishandledinthenexttenyearswilldecideitsfateandthatofthecountriesweallwanttovisit.Theirneedsandproblemsaremoreimportantthanthoseofthetouristcompanies.Increasedunderstandinginplanningworld-widetourismcanpreservethemarketforthesecompanies.Ifnot,inafewyears'timetheverythingsthatattracttouristsnowmaywellhavebeendestroyed.4．WhatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastsentenceofParagraph1?A．ThePacificislandisaparadise.B．ThePacificislandisworthvisiting.C．Theadvertisementisnotconvincing.D．Theadvertisementisnotimpressive.5．TheexampleofNepalisusedtosuggest________.A．itsnaturalresourcesareuntouchedB．itsforestsareexploitedforfarmlandC．itdevelopswellinhealthandeducationD．itsuffersfromtheheavyflowoftourists6．WhatcanwelearnaboutthefarmersfromParagraph4?A．Theyarehappytoworktheirownlands.B．Theyhavetopleasethetouristsforaliving.C．Theyhavetostrugglefortheirindependence.D．Theyareproudofworkinginmulti-nationalorganizations.7．Whichofthefollowingdeterminesthefutureoftourism?A．Thenumberoftourists.B．Theimprovementofservices.C．Thepromotionofnewproducts.D．Themanagementoftourism.8．Theauthor'sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofthetouristindustryis________.A．optimistic B．doubtfulC．objective D．negativeMentalillnessanddisabilitywerefamilyproblemsforEnglishpeoplelivingbetween1660and1800.Mostwomenandmenwhosufferedfrommentalillnesswerenotinstitutionalizedasthiswastheperiodbeforetheextensivebuildingofmentalhospitals.Instead,theywerehousedathome,andcaredforbyotherfamilymembers.NowanewstudybyCambridgehistorianDr.ElizabethFoysterwillrevealtheimpactonfamiliesofcaringformentallyillanddisabledrelatives.Muchhasbeenwrittenabouttheinsanethemselvesbutfewstudieshaveconsideredmentalillnessfromtheperspectiveofthecarers.Thelifetimeburdenofcaringforthoseindividualswhosementaldevelopmentdidnotprogressbeyondchildhood,andwhocontemporarieslabeledas‘idiots’or‘fools’,hasbeenlittleexploredbyhistorians.Foyster’sresearch,whichhasbeenfundedbytheLeverhulmeTrust,willcarefullyexaminetheemotionalandeconomicconsequencesforfamiliesatatimewhenthePoorLawboundthemtolookaftertheirmentallyillanddisabledfamilymembers.Byaskingkeyquestionsabouttheimpactof‘careinthecommunity’inthe18thcentury,Foysterhopesthatherresearchwillbridgesocialandmedicalhistory.Specifically,sheaimstoprovideanhistoricalperspectiveforcontemporarydebatessuchashowresourcescanbestretchedtoprovideforchildrenwithlearningdifficultiesandanagingpopulation.“Thestressesandstrainsoffamilywereworsenedbyhighinfantmortalityandlowlifeexpectancy,andmanyindividualswerepushedtowardsmentalbreakdown,”sheexplained.“Moreover,inheritedconditions,senility(高齡)andwhattodaywouldbedescribedas‘specialneeds’couldputgreatemotionaldemandsonfamilymemberswhohadprimaryresponsibilityfortheirsickordisabledrelatives.”Theresearchwillshedlightuponhowcaringforthementallyillanddisabledraiseddifficultissuesforfamiliesaboutthelimitsofintergenerationalresponsibility,andwhetherfamilytieswereweakenedorstrengthenedbytheexperience.Thequestionsofhowfarshamewasattachedtohavinginsanityoridiocywithinafamily,andatwhatpointfamiliesbegantoseekoutsidehelp,willalsobeaddressed.“Thefamilymusthaveseemedaninescapablefeatureofdailylifebetween1660and1800,”saidFoyster.“Althoughtherewerethosewhowereabandonedandrejected,forthemajority,mentaldisabilitywasaccommodatedwithinthefamilyunit.Iaimtogettotheheartofwhatthisreallymeantforpeople’slives.”9．WhichisNOTthereasonwhythosementallyillanddisabledwerenotinstitutionalizedfrom1660to1800?A．Mentalillnessanddisabilitywerefamilyproblemsthen.B．Theextensivebuildingofmentalhospitalsdidn’tstartyet.C．Theywereabandonedbythegovernmentandthefamily.D．Thefamilywouldbefoundguiltyiftheydidn’tcareforthem.10．WhydoesFoysterwanttocarryoutthisstudy?A．Becauseitcanprovidesomefoodforthoughtforsomecurrentsocialissues.B．Becausethestressesandstrainsoffamilylifehavedrivenmanypeoplecrazy.C．Becauseshe’slookingforwaystocommunicatewiththesickordisabledpeople.D．Becausethelimitsofintergenerationalresponsibilityinsuchfamilies,interesther.11．WhichquestionwillNOTbestudiedintheresearch?A．Howshouldresourcestodaybestretchedtoprovideforanagingpopulation?B．Howdidcaringforthesickanddisabledaffectthefamily’searningpower?C．Howshamefuldidafamilyfeelwhentheirinsaneordisabledrelativeswerefoundout?D．Atwhatpointdidthosefamilieshavetobegintolookforoutsidehelp?12．Thepassageiswritteninorderto________.A．revealtheimpactonfamiliesofcaringformentallyillanddisabledrelativesB．provideanhistoricalperspectivetocontemporarydebatesC．shedlightuponwhetherfamilytieswereweakenedorstrengthenedD．introduceanewhistoricalstudycarriedoutbyaCambridgehistorianItwasourfirsteveningdog-sittingwhileourteenagedaughterwasawayonvacation.Louiesearchedtheentirehouseforhis“mommy”.WhilewewerewatchingTV,thissix-month-olddogdraggedhislargecarrierdownthestairs.Thisprojecttookmostoftheevening.Whathappenednextmadeusrealizethatheobviouslyputthoughtandreasoningintoeachmove.Hepulledeachofhispersonalthingsdownthestairsandputtheminthecarrier.AfterLouiefinishedpackinghis“suitcase”,hejumpedinsideandpulledthezipper(拉鏈)closed.Thenhelaydownandwenttosleep.Themessagewasclear.Hehadseenhismommypackhersuitcaseandgoaway.Hemustdothesametofindher.Inthemorning,believinghehadarrived,hejumpedup—buthismommywasnotthere.Hesurpriseduswithnewundertakingseveryday.HisfavoriteactivitywasgoingforacarridetoMcDonald’sforchicken.Butoneday,myhusbandPauldidn’tstopatMcDonald’sandleftLouieinthecarwiththewindowopenwhilehewentoff.Thatdogmanagedtojumpoutthewindow,walkedtwoblocksandfoundPaulinastore.AsPaulwaspayingforhisthings,hewasshockedtolookdownandfindLouie.Indeed,theystoppedforsomechickenonthewayhome.Oneevening,whenIwasoutsidewithLouie,Inoticedahugeblackbear.IscreamedatLouietocomebackinsidethehouse.Instead,hefearlesslyrushedtothebear’sbacklegs.Thebearrantogetawayfromthelittleannoyingdog.IwassurprisedatLouie’sbravery.ForChristmasthatyear,IturnedLouie’sdailyjournal(日志)intoabookwritteninadog’svoice.WritingLouie’sstorychangedmylife,andsetmeonthepathtoanewcareerasanauthorandradiotalk-showhost.13．WhatdidLouiedotheeveninghismommyleft?A．Hedecidedtolookaftertheauthor.B．Hecheckedhisownthingsallnight.C．Hegotpreparedtoleavetofindher.D．Hetriedtoquarrelwiththeauthor.14．WhydidLouiejumpoutofthecarwindow?A．ToaskPaulforchicken.B．TosharearidewithPaul.C．TogetaseatinMcDonald’s.D．TohelpPaulcarrythethings.15．Whathappenedoneeveningoutsidetheauthorshome?A．Louiewashurtbyabear.B．Louiefoughtagainstabear.C．Louiemadetheauthorangry.D．Louiemadefriendswithablackdog.16．WhatisthechangehappenedtotheauthorbecauseofLouie?A．Shejoinedaclubforhomelessdogs.B．SheboughtChristmasgiftsfordogs.C．Sheprintedherfirstbookofdiaries.D．Sheturnedawriterandaradiohost.二、七選五Ifyoureallyknewhowsmart,sensitive,andcreativetheseanimalsare,you’dbeamazed.Theyliveinsocietieswiththeirowncultures,self-medicatewithplants,protectpeopleandotheranimalsintrouble,andevenpaint.17Ofallanimalfuneralceremonies,thereisnoneaswell-documentedorwell-knownastheelephant’s.Uponseeingthebonesorremainsofanotherelephant,afamilywillstopandinvestigatethem,eveniftheelephantwasunrelatedtothegroup.Theceremonyincludestouchingbonesgentlywiththeirtrunkswhileremainingveryquiet,coveringthebodywithleavesandgrass.18ElephantresearcherMartinhadthisstorytotell:Theentirefamilyofadeadfemaleleaderwereallgentlytouchingherbodywiththeirtrunks,tryingtolifther.Theelephantherd(群)wereallroaringloudly.Heryoungcalfwasobservedtobeweepingandmadesoundsthatsoundedlikeascream,butthentheentireherdfellincrediblysilent.Theythenbegantothrowleavesanddirtoverthebodyandbrokeofftreebranchestocoverher.19Theysometimeshadtoleavetogetwaterorfood,buttheywouldalwaysreturn.20AnewsreportinKenyatoldofanelephantthatstamped(踩踏)ahumanmotherandherchildandthenstoppedtoburythembeforedisappearinginthebush.Thefactisit’sprettyobvioustoseethatelephantswouldbeatleastsomewhatemotionallyharmedwhenwegoaroundkillingentireherds.Weallhavedifferentwaysofgivingrespectto,andlettinggoof,ourdead,butseeinghowanimalssorrowfortheirsshowsushowcapabletheyareoflovingothers.21A．Honestly,elephantsdoitall.B．Theyspentthenexttwodaysquietlystandingoverthebody.C．Hopefully,thischangesourviewpointonhowwetreatfellowanimals.D．However,thesituationisquitedifferentwhenitcomestoahumanbeing.E．Iftheelephantbelongedtotheirown,they’dstaywiththebodyfordaysorweeks.F．Elephantsaresuchkindanimalsthatthey’llevensorrowforandburytheirnumberonekillers-us.G．Elephantshavesuchclosesocialgroupsthattheybecomeextremelyupsetwhenoneoftheirowndies.三、完形填空Concernsabouttheharmcausedby“toomuch”screentime—particularlywhenitisspentonsocialmedia—arewidespread.Butworkingoutwhata“healthy”22mightbeisfarfromeasy.Somenegativeexperiencesonsocialmedia—like23howyourappearancecomparestoothers—doaffectsomechildren.However,thisdoesnotmeanthattechnologyusein24isharmfulanditisdifficulttomakeclaimsabouthowitwillaffectdifferentpeople.ConsiderthepicturepaintedbyaUNICEFreviewofexistingresearchintotheeffectsofdigitaltechnologyonchildren’s25comfort,includinghappiness,mentalhealthandsociallife.Ratherthanstatingthatsocialmediawasharmful,itsuggestedamore26effect.TheUNICEFreporthighlighteda2017studythatexamined120,000UK15-year-olds.Amongthoseteenagerswhowerethelightestusers,itwasfoundthatincreasingthetimespentusingtechnologywaslinkedto27comfort—possiblybecauseitwasimportantforkeepingupfriendships.28,amongtheheaviestusersoftechnology,anyincreaseintimewaslinkedtolowerlevelsofcomfort.Overall,theUNICEFstudysuggestedthatsomescreentimecouldbegoodforchildren’smentalhealth.Abroaderlookatevidenceprovidedbysomeotherhighqualitystudiesagainsuggeststhestoryisnot29.Anearlystudyin2013lookedathowthetelevisionandvideogamehabitsof11,000UKfive-year-oldsaffectedthemtwoyearslater.Itisoneoffewstudiesactually30theeffectsoftechnologyovertime.Itsuggestedthat,comparedwithchildrenwhowatchedonehouroftelevisionorlessonaweekday,asmallincreaseinconductproblemswasseenamongthosewhowatchedmorethanthreehourseachday.Playingelectronicgames,however,wasnotseenasleadingtoagreater31offriendshiporemotionalproblems.Sohowmuchtimeshouldourchildrenspendlookingatscreens?Itisdifficulttobe32asdifferentpeoplespendtimeonlineinsuchdifferentways.Ausefulcomparisonmightbewithsugar.Broadlyspeaking,people33thattoomuchsugarcanbebadforyourhealth.Buttheeffectitmighthavecandependonmanyfactors,fromthetypeofsugartothepersonandtheamount.Wewouldnot34trustanyonewhoclaimstopredicthowsomeoneisaffectedbyconsumingonegramofsugar.Thesamecouldbesaidfor35usage:theoutcomesdependonsomanyfactorsthatonlyvery36predictionsarepossible.22．A．a(chǎn)mount B．comparison C．experience D．medium23．A．a(chǎn)ccountingforB．boastingof C．commentingon D．worryingabout24．A．general B．particular C．private D．public25．A．domestic B．material C．physical D．psychological26．A．complex B．dramatic C．harmless D．predictable27．A．improved B．maximum C．relative D．small28．A．Asarule B．Incontrast C．Onthewhole D．Worsestill29．A．convincing B．definite C．probable D．true30．A．estimating B．experiencing C．reducing D．tracing31．A．connection B．power C．promotion D．risk32．A．balanced B．independent C．precise D．subjective33．A．a(chǎn)gree B．forget C．object D．remember34．A．equally B．readily C．reluctantly D．weakly35．A．emotiontherapyB．socialmedia C．TVbroadcasting D．videogame36．A．confident B．optimistic C．rough D．wild四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。Itrulybelievethesecrettoasuccessfulquitliesinthedesiretoquit.No37(program)workwhenyoudon’treallywanttostop38(smoke).Ifyourdesiretoquitis39(great)thanyourneedtosmoke,youwill40(success).Wealldeserve.41smoke-freelife.Nomatterwhatcausesus42(quit)smokingorspurs(鞭策)uson,wedeservehealthand43(happy)thatbeingsmoke-freeprovides.You’llhavea44(wonder)existencewithoutnicotineaddiction.Ifyoustillstrugglewiththedesire45youhavetocontinuesmokingafteryou’vequit,Ibelieveyouneedtore-examineyourreasons46quittinginthefirstplace.五、英譯漢（單詞/短語）英譯漢47．sth.beworthit48．carrysb.through49．setforthfor50．feelobligatedtodosth51．getnowhere52．insympathywith53．castsb.down54．beenthusiasticabout55．intermsof56．showrespectforsb.六、英漢互譯英漢互譯57．carveout58．postponedoingsth.59．bespottedwith60．beignorantof61．因某事向某人道歉62．belimitedto63．figureon64．belackinginsth.65．抱著……的希望66．containoneself67．settledowntosth.七、漢譯英（整句）68．在搬入新家之前，爸爸讓人把房子重新裝修了一番，把地板都換了。(havesthdone.)（漢譯英）69．然而，一些科學(xué)家決意要幫助人類實(shí)現(xiàn)探索太空的夢(mèng)想。(determined,explore)（漢譯英）70．對(duì)我來說，沒有什么比健康的身體更重要。(nothing...than)（漢譯英）71．作者暗示,在一定程度上,男女主人公對(duì)最后的悲慘結(jié)局都負(fù)有責(zé)任。（indicate,to…extent,tragic)（漢譯英）72．我經(jīng)常在業(yè)余時(shí)間和一些英語網(wǎng)友聊天，這對(duì)我的英語口語很有幫助。(contributeto,which的非限制性定語從句)（漢譯英）73．集郵不僅給了我極大的滿足感，也幫助我在學(xué)習(xí)壓力下放松。(notonly...butalso)（漢譯英）74．他沒有被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取的原因是因?yàn)樗姆謹(jǐn)?shù)太低。(thereasonwhy…is/wasthat…)（漢譯英）八、讀后續(xù)寫75．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Mythree-year-oldson,Charles,haslovedwatchingtrucks,carsandalltypesofvehicles(交通工具)sincehecouldsitupandlookaround.Charleswasafanoffiretrucks,ambulances,garbage(垃圾)trucksandothervehicleswhichhavewheels.Becauseofhisdeeploveforanythingwithwheels,Ialwaysmadeitapointtotakehimoutsidetowatchgarbagetrucksdriveupanddown.Charleslovedwatchingtheworkersandwouldgetsoexcitedwhenthedriversbeepedthehorns(鳴喇叭)athimastheywentby.Charleswouldwaveandshylysay,“Thankyou.”Therewasaparticularwastemanagementemployeewhowasextrafriendly.Charleswasattractedbyhim,andafterweknewhisname—Lonnie,Charlestalkedabouthimthroughouttheday.Oneday,Lonnierodebyandsaid,“Charles,Ipromisewhenthispandemic(流行病)isover,I’mgoingtoletyourideinmytruck.”However,weweregoingtomoveoutofthestateaboutaweeklater.IhadtotellLonniethetruth.Thenextweek,wewaitedforthegarbagetruck.Finally,lateintheafternoon,Iheardtheloudnoiseofthetruck.Iracedtothedoor,carryingCharles.WedidnotwanttomissseeingLonnieonourlastweekinBirmingham.Lonniestoppedthetruckandgotout.HetoldmehehadsomethingsforCharles—ahat,ayellowsafetyvest,twotoygarbagecans,coloringbooksandsoon.Charleswasabsolutelyexcited,especiallybythegarbagecans,andIwassotouched.Thenextday,CharlesandIwereplayinginthefrontyardwhenamanapproachedme.Hesaid,“I’mLonnie’smanager,andhehassomethingspecialplannedforCharles.Areyougoingtobeherearound11am?”Isaid,“Ofcoursewewill.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Atnoon,somethingsurprisinghappened._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Eventhoughwemovedoutofthestate,CharlesstillmissesLonnie._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．B2．A3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國紐約市的幾個(gè)適合帶著孩子們一起參與的，對(duì)所有年齡段的人來說都很有趣的活動(dòng)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)廣告SoarOveratRISENY的“RISENYplacesvisitorsinsidea180-degreecapsuletocreatethesenseofflight.TheexperiencebeginswithafilmtoldbyactorJeff,whichtouchesonthecity’shistory,specificallyTimesSquareanditsglobalimpact.(RISENY將游客置于一個(gè)180度的膠囊中，創(chuàng)造飛行感。體驗(yàn)從演員杰夫講述的一部電影開始，這部電影涉及到這座城市的歷史，特別是時(shí)代廣場及其全球影響。)”可知，Jeff是個(gè)演員，在他的電影中他講述了紐約的歷史。故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)廣告Brain:TheInsideStory的“ThisnewexhibitattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistorychallengeschildrentothinklovelythoughtsaboutthinking.AttheBrainPuzzlestation,youngstersbuildamodelstartingwiththeareasthatcontrolbasicfunctions,andthenaddregionsthatstrengthencomplexoperations,suchasremembering,feelingemotionsandplanning.(美國自然歷史博物館的這個(gè)新展覽挑戰(zhàn)孩子們思考關(guān)于思考的可愛想法。在大腦拼圖工作站，孩子們從控制基本功能的區(qū)域開始構(gòu)建一個(gè)模型，然后添加那些加強(qiáng)復(fù)雜操作的區(qū)域，如記憶、感覺情緒和計(jì)劃。)”可知，孩子們?cè)诖竽X拼圖工作站可以從控制大腦基本活動(dòng)的區(qū)域開始，然后添加諸如記憶、感覺情緒和計(jì)劃的加強(qiáng)復(fù)雜操作的區(qū)域，最終創(chuàng)建一個(gè)完整的大腦模型。故選A項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一則廣告BatteryParkCityLibrary的“Asoneofthecity’smostbeautifullibraries,nearlyeveryarchitecturalfeatureismadefromrecyclablematerial.

(作為這座城市最美麗的圖書館之一，幾乎每一個(gè)建筑特色都是由可回收材料建造的。)”可知，BatteryParkCityLibrary體現(xiàn)了環(huán)保因素。故選C項(xiàng)。4．C5．D6．B7．D8．C【分析】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳钜约碍h(huán)境等方面的影響。4．推理判斷題。由第一段中的最后一句Andeverymonthanotherrock--boundPacificislandisadvertisedasthe'lastparadise(天堂)onearth'.可知，每個(gè)月廣告上不停地更換所謂的太平洋上某個(gè)島是“地球上最后的天堂”，由此可推出這些廣告是不可信的，故選C項(xiàng)。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Infact,thenaturealltoosoonfelttheeffectsofthousandsofholiday-makerstravelingthroughtheforestland.(事實(shí)上，大自然很快就感受到了成千上萬的度假者穿越森林的影響)可知，尼泊爾為了發(fā)展旅游業(yè)，對(duì)外開放了森林，然而大自然很快就受到了旅游業(yè)帶來的負(fù)面影響。所以用尼泊爾的例子說明這個(gè)國家正經(jīng)受著旅游業(yè)帶來的痛苦。故選D項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。由第四段中的后幾句“Theone-timefarmerisnowtheservantofsomemulti--nationalorganization；heisnolongerhisownmaster.Onceitwashisbackthatborethepain；nowitishissmilethatisexploited.”可知，從前的農(nóng)夫現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)多民族組織的仆人，他不再是他自己的主人了。從前是他背痛，現(xiàn)在是他的微笑被利用了。由此推斷他們不得不通過取悅游客來謀生。故選B項(xiàng)。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Thewaytourismishandledinthenexttenyearswilldecideitsfateandthatofthecountriesweallwanttovisit.(未來十年旅游業(yè)的經(jīng)營方式將決定其命運(yùn)，也將決定我們都想去的國家的命運(yùn))"可知，未來十年，如何管理旅游業(yè)將決定旅游業(yè)和我們要去參觀的國家的命運(yùn)，所以旅游業(yè)的管理方式將決定旅游業(yè)未來的命運(yùn)。故選D項(xiàng)。8．推理判斷題。綜觀全文可知，作者既講了旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的負(fù)面影響，也講了旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展優(yōu)勢，所以，作者對(duì)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展持客觀的（objective）態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。9．C10．A11．A12．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了劍橋歷史學(xué)家伊麗莎白·福斯特博士的一項(xiàng)新研究將揭示照顧精神病患者和殘疾親屬對(duì)家庭的影響。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“asthiswastheperiodbeforetheextensivebuildingofmentalhospitals.”可知，這是在精神病院廣泛建立之前的時(shí)期，根據(jù)第一段中的“Instead,theywerehousedathome,andcaredforbyotherfamilymembers.”可知，相反，他們被安置在家里，由其他家庭成員照顧（當(dāng)時(shí)精神疾病和殘疾主要是家庭問題），根據(jù)第三段中的“atatimewhenthePoorLawboundthemtolookaftertheirmentallyillanddisabledfamilymembers.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)的濟(jì)貧法規(guī)定家庭必須照顧患有精神疾病和殘疾的家庭成員（不照顧他們就會(huì)被判有罪），以上三點(diǎn)是1660年至1800年精神病患者和殘疾人沒有被收容的原因，文中并沒有提到原因是他們被政府和家庭遺棄。故C項(xiàng)正確。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Specifically,sheaimstoprovideanhistoricalperspectiveforcontemporarydebatessuchashowresourcescanbestretchedtoprovideforchildrenwithlearningdifficultiesandanagingpopulation”可知，具體地說，她旨在為當(dāng)代的爭論提供一個(gè)歷史視角，例如如何利用資源為有學(xué)習(xí)困難和人口老齡化的兒童提供幫助。由此可知，她進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究的原因是它能為當(dāng)前的社會(huì)問題提供一些發(fā)人深思的東西。故A項(xiàng)正確。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“willcarefullyexaminetheemotionalandeconomicconsequencesforfamiliesatatimewhenthePoorLawboundthemtolookaftertheirmentallyillanddisabledfamilymembers.”可知，該研究將仔細(xì)研究在濟(jì)貧法規(guī)定家庭必須照顧他們的精神病和殘疾家庭成員的情況下照顧精神病患者和殘疾人給家庭造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)后果，再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thequestionsofhowfarshamewasattachedtohavinginsanityoridiocywithinafamily,andatwhatpointfamiliesbegantoseekoutsidehelp,willalsobeaddressed.”可知，我們還將討論家庭中的精神錯(cuò)亂或白癡與羞恥感之間的關(guān)系，以及家庭在什么時(shí)候開始尋求外界幫助的問題，以上三個(gè)方面是該項(xiàng)研究要研究的內(nèi)容，而沒有提到要研究當(dāng)今的資源應(yīng)如何用于應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化。故A項(xiàng)正確。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“NowanewstudybyCambridgehistorianDr.ElizabethFoysterwillrevealtheimpactonfamiliesofcaringformentallyillanddisabledrelatives.”可知，本文主要介紹了劍橋歷史學(xué)家伊麗莎白·福斯特博士的一項(xiàng)新研究將揭示照顧精神病患者和殘疾親屬對(duì)家庭的影響，本文的目的就是介紹這項(xiàng)新的歷史研究。故D項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】涉及到文章意圖的推理判斷題難度較大，抓住文章主題是關(guān)鍵，例如本篇第4題，根據(jù)第二段“NowanewstudybyCambridgehistorianDr.ElizabethFoysterwillrevealtheimpactonfamiliesofcaringformentallyillanddisabledrelatives.”可知，本文主要介紹了劍橋歷史學(xué)家伊麗莎白·福斯特博士的一項(xiàng)新研究將揭示照顧精神病患者和殘疾親屬對(duì)家庭的影響，因此本文的目的就是介紹這項(xiàng)新的歷史研究。故D項(xiàng)正確。13．C14．A15．B16．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者和丈夫因?yàn)榕畠撼鲩T度假而幫她照看狗，這條狗給作者和丈夫帶來了許多歡樂。在開始用日記記錄狗每天的活動(dòng)之后，作者將日記改寫成了書，她也因此走上了新的職業(yè)道路：成為一個(gè)作家和電臺(tái)脫口秀節(jié)目主持人。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whathappenednextmadeusrealizethatheobviouslyputthoughtandreasoningintoeachmove.Hepulledeachofhispersonalthingsdownthestairsandputtheminthecarrier.(接下來發(fā)生的事情讓我們意識(shí)到，他的每一個(gè)動(dòng)作顯然都經(jīng)過了思考和推理。他把自己的私人物品都拉下樓梯，放進(jìn)了行李架里)”和文章第二段“AfterLouiefinishedpackinghis“suitcase”,hejumpedinsideandpulledthezipperclosed.Thenhelaydownandwenttosleep.Themessagewasclear.Hehadseenhismommypackhersuitcaseandgoaway.Hemustdothesametofindher.(路易收拾好他的“手提箱”后，他跳進(jìn)去拉上拉鏈。然后他躺下睡著了。傳遞的信息很明確。他看見媽媽收拾好行李離開了。他也必須這么做才能找到她)”可知，在他媽媽離開的那天晚上，路易準(zhǔn)備離開去找她。故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“HisfavoriteactivitywasgoingforacarridetoMcDonald’sforchicken.Butoneday,myhusbandPauldidn’tstopatMcDonald’sandleftLouieinthecarwiththewindowopenwhilehewentoff.Thatdogmanagedtojumpoutthewindow,walkedtwoblocksandfoundPaulinastore.AsPaulwaspayingforhisthings,hewasshockedtolookdownandfindLouie.Indeed,theys