(完整版)托福聽力分類詞匯匯總

植物學botany植物學herb草perennial多年一生的botanical/botanic植物學的photosynthesis光合作用annual一年一生的horticulture園藝學chlorophyll葉綠素verdant嫩綠的，翠綠的aquaticplant水生植物symbiosis共生evergreen常青樹parasiteplant寄生植物symbiotic共生的conifertree針葉樹root根canopy樹冠層/頂棚wither/shrivel/fade凋謝larch落葉松pine松樹foliage/leaf葉blossom花pollen花粉spruce云杉leaflet小葉pollinate傳授花粉petal花瓣juniper刺柏；杜松rosette（葉的）叢生nectar花蜜tissue組織sequoia紅杉elm榆樹stem莖stalk桿leafstalk葉柄organ器官system系統(tǒng)walnut核桃樹shoot/sprout嫩芽/抽枝seeds種子redwood紅木樹flower花bud花蕾petal花瓣everlasting永久的plumblossom梅花peel/skin果皮crossbreed雜交orchid蘭花shell（硬）果殼rootpressure根壓chrysanthemum菊花husk（干）果殼/（玉米苞葉bore腔/腸waterlily荷花/蓮花trunk樹干bark樹皮cohesion-tension凝聚壓力rhododendron杜鵑花branch樹枝column花柱necrosis壞死carnation康乃馨bough大或者粗的樹枝barren貧瘠的；不生育的jasmine茉莉花twig小樹枝jungle叢林futile無用的helianthus/heliotrope/lawn草meadow草地/牧場carbohydrate(starch)碳水化sunflower向日葵prairie大草原mosses苔蘚合物（淀粉）camellia茶花shrub/bush灌木glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉corn/maize/mealie玉米cluster一簇（灌木）fat脂肪protein蛋白質pumpkin南瓜tomato番茄fern蕨類植物vitamin維他命lettuce萵苣cabbage卷心菜horsetails木賊類植物malnourished營養(yǎng)不良的wheat小麥rye黑麥clubmosses石松類植物nutrition營養(yǎng)barley大麥oats燕麥微生物學antibody抗體toxin毒素bacteria細菌微生物immunity免疫fermentation發(fā)酵virus病毒disinfection消毒immunology免疫學inflection傳染/感染sterilization滅菌vaccine疫苗fungus真菌microorganism/microbe生物學biology生物學paleontologist古生物學家diving潛水/跳水marinebiology海洋生物學dinosaur恐龍one-celledorganism單細胞entomology昆蟲學dieout/extinction滅絕有機體ornithology鳥類學mammal哺乳動物tissue（動植物細胞的）組織microbiology微生物學carnivore食肉動物protectivecamouflage保護genetics遺傳學rodent嚙齒類動物色speciology物種學underwater水下的predator捕獵者parasitology寄生蟲學marine海洋的oceanicsnail蝸牛apaleontology古生物學scuba水下呼吸器nimaladaptation動物適應性

survivalofthefittest適者生microbe微生物plasmalemma/cell存yeast酵母（菌）membrane細胞膜originofspecies物種起源bacteria細菌cellwall細胞壁wildenvironment野生環(huán)境single-cell單細胞protein蛋白質insecticide殺蟲劑reptile爬行類動物aminoacid核酸prenatalcare產后護理hatch孵化incubation孵化plankton浮游生物habitat棲息地tentacle觸須nest巢offspring子孫heredity遺傳prey捕食navigate導航chewup咀嚼m(xù)utationofspecies物種變tinyreceptor接收器unfertilizedeggs未受精卵異nerve/specimen物種nutrient營養(yǎng)品chromosome染色體amphibian兩棲類動物nourishment營養(yǎng)品/食物geneticengineering遺傳工declineinthenumber數(shù)量減feed喂養(yǎng)程少cannibalism同類相食solitary獨居social群居gene基因genetic基因的respiration呼吸bio-diversity生物多樣性endangeredspecies瀕危動ingestion攝食digestion消化metamorphosis變態(tài)/變形物digestiveenzyme消化酶mutation變種variation變異survival活著的cell細胞nucleus細胞核transition轉變/過渡cytoplasm細胞質動物學zoology動物學cold-bloodedanimal冷血動polygamous一夫多妻的/Darwinism達爾文學說物一雄多雌的naturalselection自然選擇poikilotherm變溫動物polyandrous一妻多夫的/phylum門class綱order目scavenger食腐動物一雌多雄的suborder亞目carnivorous食肉的nomadic游牧的；流浪的family科genus屬species種herbivorous食草的trapper誘捕動物者invertebrate無脊椎動物omnivorous雜食的bird鳥類niche小生態(tài)環(huán)境vertebrate脊椎動物camouflage偽裝vestige退化器aquaticlife水生動物hibernate冬眠；蟄伏fertilizer使受精reptile爬行動物regeneration再生metabolism新陳代謝amphibian/amphibiouspredatory/carnivore食肉的breed（名詞）品種；（動詞）animal兩棲動物predator捕食者prey捕食繁殖protozoa原生動物hordes/swarms（昆蟲等）multiply/reproduce繁殖rodent嚙齒動物群spawn（魚、蝦、蛙等）孵ruminant反芻動物flock（牛、羊等）群anatomy解剖學parasiticanimal寄生動物community動物的群落或人appetite食欲primate靈長動物的部落creature生物scales鱗plankton浮游生物population種群feathers羽毛armor甲mollusk軟體動物herd獸群spinalcord脊椎coelenterate腔腸動物（如hygiene衛(wèi)生digestivesystem消化系統(tǒng)水母、海蜇、珊瑚等）sanitation公共衛(wèi)生；衛(wèi)生設excretorysystem排泄系統(tǒng)herbivore食草動物施reproductivesyste生殖系統(tǒng)mammal哺乳動物monogamous一夫一妻的/circulatorysystem循環(huán)系統(tǒng)homotherm恒溫動物一雌一雄的respiratorysystem呼吸系統(tǒng)

哺乳動物squirrel松鼠marten貂gorilla大猩猩elk麋鹿reindeer馴鹿bat蝙蝠chimpanzee黑猩猩giraffe長頸鹿squeak（老鼠等）吱吱baboon狒狒hyena鬣狗rhinoceros犀牛hippo河馬otter水獺antelope羚羊moose駝鹿beaver海貍sloth樹懶slothful懶惰的兩棲動物、爬行動物frog青蛙tadpole蝌蚪lizard蜥蜴centipede蜈蚣salamander蠑螈chameleon變色龍scorpion蝎子turtle龜caymen/crocodile鱷魚鳥類robin知更鳥owl貓頭鷹chirp（鳥、蟲的叫聲）camouflage偽裝wing翅膀barnacle北極鵝vulture禿鷲crane鶴bill（鳥）嘴penguin企鵝stork鸛ptarmigan雷鳥beak（鷹等的）嘴canary金絲雀migrate遷移plumage羽體昆蟲insect昆蟲wasp黃蜂worm蟲/蠕蟲cicada蟬earthworm蚯蚓hornet大黃蜂mantis螳螂antenna/tentacle觸須spider蜘蛛pest害蟲cockroach蟑螂larva幼蟲生態(tài)學ecology生態(tài)學infraredradiation紅外線輻waste廢物ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ozonelayer/ozonosphere臭solidwaste固體廢物balanceofnature自然界生氧層sewage/wastewater污水態(tài)平衡ultravioletradiation紫外輻sewagepurification污水凈fauna動物群flora植物群pollutioncontrol污染控制化rainforest雨林airpollution空氣控制swagedisposal污水處理foodchain食物鏈waterpollution水污染decibel（噪音）分貝acidrain酸雨noxious/toxic有毒的greenhouse溫室效應fumes（有毒的）廢氣能源和環(huán)境fossilfuel礦物燃料processofphotosynthesis光合作用hormonalsystem內分泌系digestiveduct消化管esophagus食管stomachhormonalsystem內分泌系digestiveduct消化管esophagus食管stomach胃smallintestine小腸largeintestine大腸anus肛門digestivegland消化腺salivarygland唾液腺liver肝gallbladder膽pancreas胰水生動物jellyfish水母nettlefish海蜇coral珊瑚dolphin海豚whale鯨魚shrimp小蝦prawn對蝦lobster龍蝦crab螃蟹mussel貽貝；蚌類clam蛤蜊oyster牡蠣sponge海綿starfish海星squid魷魚；烏賊burro/octopus章魚sole鰨；鰨目魚plaice鰈，紅斑比目魚solarenergy太陽能燃燒carbondioxiderelease二氧nonrenewable不可再生的globalwarming全球變暖化碳排放energyconservation保護能greenhouseeffect溫室效應industrialsewage工業(yè)污水源riseinsealevel海平面上升recycling再循環(huán)purify凈化resource資源long-termclimaticchange長deteriorate惡化energysource能源資源期的氣候變化acidrain酸雨tidalenergy潮汐能environmentalrecyclingsewagedisposal污水處理fuel-efficient節(jié)能型的center再循環(huán)利用中心environmentprotection環(huán)境rushhour高峰期litter/trashgarbage垃圾保護zeroemission零輻射pollutant污染物ozonelayer臭氧層wildness野生/天然desertification沙漠化wastedisposal廢物處理preservation保護deforest濫伐森林emission（汽車廢氣的）排atmosphere大氣drought干旱放carbon碳dioxide二氧化物watershortage水源缺乏soot煙塵burningofcoalandoil煤油offshorespillage近海岸溢出ElNino厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象天文學astronomy天文學solareclipse日食intergalactic星系間的astronomicalobservatorysolarradiation太陽輻射interstellar恒星間的天文臺planet行星interplanetary行星間的planetarium天文館planetoid/asteroid小行星asteroid小行星nebula星云astrophysics天文物理學revolve旋轉spacedebris太空垃圾astrology占星學twinkle閃爍ammonia氨pseudoscience偽科學nakedeye肉眼photosphere光球；光球層cosmos/universe宇宙Mercury水星Venus金星chromospheres色球；色球層cosmology宇宙Earth地球Mars火星chromospheres-coronainfinite無限的Jupiter木星Saturn土星transitionzone色球-日冕過cosmic宇宙的Uranus天王星渡層cosmicradiation宇宙輻射Neptune海王星sunglow日冕cosmicrays宇宙射線Pluto冥王星orbit軌道sunspot太陽黑子（發(fā)生在光celestial天體的spin旋轉satellite衛(wèi)星球層）celestialbody/heavenlylunar月球的meteor流星flare耀斑（發(fā)生在色球層）body天體meteorshower流星雨solarprominence日珥（發(fā)celestialmap/skyatlas天star恒星meteoroid流星體生在色球層）體圖meteorite隕石comet彗星convectionzone對流層celestialsphere天球space/outerspace太空，外vacuum真空dwarf/dwarfstar矮星層空間infraredray紅外線quasar類星體spacecraft/spaceship宇absolutemagnitude絕對量constellation星座宙飛船級galaxy/MilkyWay銀河系spaceshuttle航天飛機emission發(fā)射/散發(fā)starcluster星團spacetelescope空間望遠鏡high-resolution高清晰度asterism星群astronaut/spaceman宇航員interferometer干擾儀，干涉solarsystem太陽系spacesuit宇航服儀solarcorona日冕stellar恒星的illusiveobject幻影體

faint微弱的image影像gravitationalforce吸引力molten融化的leapyear閏年rotation自傳revolution公轉blackhole黑洞ultravioletray紫外線luminosity光度lightyear光年氣象學meteorology氣象saturate飽和dew露windscale風級meteorologist氣象學家frost霜fog/mist霧smog煙tsunami/seismicseawavemeteorologicalstation氣象droplet小水condense濃縮海嘯站crystal水晶體tidalwave潮汐；浪潮forecast/predict預報sheet（水、冰、雪的）一層upperatmosphere上層大氣climate氣候downpour/torrentialrain大funnel漏斗云atmosphere大氣層雨disaster/calamity/troposphere對流層tempest(storm)/torrentialcatastrophe災難stratosphere平流層rain暴風雨devastation破壞mesosphere中間層drizzle細雨shower陣雨submerge淹沒drought旱災ionosphere電離層hail冰雹convection對流exosphere逸散層blizzard/snowstorm暴風雪windvelocity風速coldfront冷鋒avalanche/snowslide雪崩winddirection風向warmairmass熱氣團precipitation（雨、露、雪等）long-rangeforecast長期預current(氣)流降水thunder雷報moisture潮濕，水氣breeze微風sandstorm沙暴numericalweatherpredictionspell某種天氣持續(xù)一段時monsoon季風gale大風數(shù)值天氣預報vapor蒸汽whirlwind旋風typhoon臺nephanalysis云層分析；衛(wèi)evaporate蒸發(fā)hurricane颶風星云圖damp/moist/humid潮濕tornado/twister/cyclone龍humidity濕度moisture潮濕卷風地理學hemisphere半球theAntarcticContinent南極plateau/highland高地meridian子午線/經線洲lowland低地parallel平行圈theAntarcticCircle南極圈basin盆地oasis綠洲latitude緯線theArcticCircle北極圈enclave飛地peak山峰longitude經線/經度aurora極光cordillera/ranges山脈elevation海拔tropicsofCancer北回歸線carven/cave洞穴altitude高度/海拔tropicsofCapricorn南回歸terrain地域horizon地平線線subterranean地底下equator赤道internationaldateline國coastland沿海地區(qū)temperaturelatitudes溫帶地際日期變更線coastline海岸線區(qū)timedifference時差watershed分水嶺tropics熱帶地區(qū)timezone時區(qū)upperreaches上游Arctic/theNorthPole北topography地形/地形lowerreaches下游極學tributary支流deposit沉積Antarctic/Antarctica南極plain平原spring/fountain泉水

iceberg冰山canyon/gorge峽谷theprimevalforest原始森riverbed河床channel/strait海峽林gulf/bay海灣remote-sensing遙感的Scandinavia斯堪的納維waterfall瀑布terrestrial地球的/陸地的亞（半島）（瑞典、挪威、丹麥、cascade小瀑布；噴流terrestrialheat/geothermal冰島的泛稱）reef暗礁tide湖水地熱fjord峽灣torrent水的急流terrestrialmagnetism地磁coralreef珊瑚礁tropicalrainforest熱帶雨continentaldrift大陸漂Chalk白堊紀林移學說cataclysm大洪水continentalisland大陸島sea-floorspreading海床擴ridge山脊；分水嶺volcanicisland火山島展abyss深淵coralisland珊瑚島evaporation蒸發(fā)territory版圖；領土；地域islet小島peninsular半島salinity含鹽度Pyrenees比利牛斯山脈archipelago群島oceanbottom海床Carpathians喀爾巴阡山脈delta三角洲sediment沉積物Vesuvius維蘇威火山landlockedarea內陸tropical熱帶的Pompeii龐貝inlandwaterway內陸河temperate溫帶的precipice懸崖subcontinent次大陸frigid寒帶的eon世；紀；代cliff山崖valley山谷frostheaving凍脹現(xiàn)象glacier冰河hillside/mountainslope山tundra苔原，凍原Pangaea盤古大陸坡fieldstone卵石dune沙丘Lagoon咸水湖continentalshelf大陸架MediterraneanSea地中海地質學crust地殼mantle地幔quartz石英mineral礦物(sloping)shieldvolcano盾core地核ore礦石deposit礦床狀火山（平緩）continentalcrust大陸地殼rubble碎石debris殘骸(steep-sided)conevolcanooceaniccrust海洋地殼platinum白金/鉑金silver銀錐狀火山（陡峭）layer/stratum地層copper黃銅aluminum鋁eruption火山噴發(fā)stratigraphy地層學tin錫lead鉛zinc鋅crater火山口fault斷層faultplane斷層面nickel鎳mercury汞/水銀caldera（開口較大）火山口faultzone斷層帶sodium鈉gem寶石depression洼地，凹陷處；rift/crack/split斷裂diamond鉆石盆地disintegration/decompositionemerald綠寶石lava火山巖漿分解ruby紅寶石glacier冰川volcanicdust火山塵erosion腐蝕fossil化石glacial冰川的volcanicash火山灰igneousrock火成巖glacialepoch/age/periodgeyser間歇噴泉sedimentaryrock沉積巖冰川期hotspring溫泉metamorphicrock變質巖glacialdrift冰漬earthquake/quake/tremor/limestone石灰?guī)rmoraines冰磧iceberg冰山seism地震granite花崗巖volcano火山seismic地震的marble大理石activevolcano活火山seismology地震學lithosphere巖石圈extinctvolcano死火山magnitude震級magma/moltenlava巖漿dormantvolcano休眠火山seismicintensityscale震

烈度tsunami/tidal/force海嘯GreatCanyon大峽谷seismicwave地震波undersealandslide海底山NileRiver尼羅河transversewave橫波M-r崩Coloradoriver科羅拉多河longitudinalwave縱波meltglobalwarming全球逐crumpleszones地質緩沖地epicenter震中漸變暖帶epicentraldistance震中距aquifer蓄水層bedrock巖床bulge凸起物aftershock余震swamp沼澤cataclysm災變peatbog泥炭沼澤考古學archaeology考古學homogeneous同以種族（種IronAge鐵器時代paleontology古生物學類）的Paleolithic舊石器時代的anthropology人類學tribe部落clan氏族Mesolithic中石器時代的archaeologist人類學家excavation挖掘Neolithic新石器時代的pale-anthropologist古人類excavate/unearth挖掘morphology形態(tài)學學家ruins遺跡/廢墟skull顱骨cranial顱骨的ecologicalanthropologist生remains遺產/遺骸fossil化石態(tài)人類學家artifact手工藝品ancientcivilization古代文明psychologicalanthropologistrelic遺物/文物caveman山頂洞人心理人類學家antique古物/古董culturalrelics文物originate起源于antiquity古代/古老rockpainting巖畫ancestor祖先StoneAge石器時代hominid人（科）BronzeAge青銅器時代建筑學architecture建筑學beam梁prototype原型building寫字樓architect建筑學家buildingtechnique建筑工cathedral大教堂construct結構藝mosque清真寺wing輻樓/側樓design設計newmaterial新材料thestatueofliberty自由女elevator電梯metal-frame金屬結構神像skyscraper摩天大樓repairperson修理工thetriumphalarch凱旋門designelement設計元素planetarium天文館sphinx獅身人面像logstructure原木結構aquarium水族館pyramid金字塔cabin小木屋archives檔案館officecastle城堡政治、經濟學類subsistence存活，生活bankloan銀行貸款consumerism消費主義（認subsistencewage剛夠養(yǎng)家interest利息為高消費對個人和社會有糊口的工資withdraw從銀行賬戶中提利的看法）；保護消費者權subsistencelevel收支平款益主義衡的生活水平honor(cheque/bill/draft)承affluence富裕，富足kinship親屬關系，血緣關系兌sophisticated世故的，老練commodity商品arunonabank擠兌的；復雜的，尖端的check支票；收據(jù)；賬單theGreatDepression大蕭條

教育學highereducation高等教育treasurer生活委員/財務大learnbyrote死記硬背moralcharacter道德品質臣encyclopedias百科全書/專domain領域electivesystem選課制度科全書faculty全體教員curriculum課程（總稱）alumni校友discipline學科/管理人物artist藝術家territory領域contemporary當代的choreographer舞蹈編排家genre風格/體裁acclaimed受歡迎的critic批評家eccentric古怪的preeminent杰出的satirist諷刺作家odd怪誕的/奇數(shù)的versatile（人）多才多藝的/inventor發(fā)明家erratic奇怪的（物）多功能的biographer自傳作家weird怪異的/不可思議的household家庭的/家喻sculptor雕塑家romantic浪漫的戶曉的feminist女權主義者innocent天真的/無罪的genuine真正的humanitarian人道主義者lovelorn相思病苦的authentic逼真的/原汁原味imagist意象派詩人emotional情緒的/情感的的philanthropist慈善家sentimental感傷的/多愁symbolic象征性的proprietor業(yè)主mortal犯人善感的immortal不朽的/神precursor先驅cheerless無精打采的/無生nostalgia懷舊主義/思鄉(xiāng)figurehead名譽領袖命力的emotive感人的disciple學徒apprentice學徒patriarchal家長的/族長prodigious巨大的mechanic機械工的classic經典的minimalist簡單抽象派藝術rigid僵化的spare簡樸的posthumous死后的家clumsy笨拙的avant-garde前衛(wèi)派zigzag曲折的攝影photographer攝影家highdefinition高清晰度tripod三腳架panorama全景照片close-up特寫darkroom暗室snapshot快照outoffocus調焦不準wideanglelens廣角鏡頭developing沖洗exposure曝光longfocuslens長鏡頭enlarge放大foreground前景instantcamera拍立得filter濾色鏡background背景cameralens相機鏡頭文學pose散文diary日記ballad民謠lullaby催眠曲mainplot