專升本英語-狀語從句課件

狀語從句狀語從句定義狀語時(shí)用來修飾

動詞，形容詞，副詞或句子的一種句子成分。它可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較、方式等。當(dāng)充當(dāng)狀語的部分是一個(gè)句子時(shí)，也就是狀語從句。定義狀語時(shí)用來修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞或時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句讓步狀語從句方式狀語從句比較狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句原因狀語從句目的狀語從句條件狀語從句01時(shí)間狀語從句01時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句when的用法小結(jié)：

when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動詞可以是可延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞(非延續(xù)性)。意為：當(dāng)…的時(shí)候

WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseashore.

Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.時(shí)間狀語從句when的用法小結(jié)：時(shí)間狀語從句2.when可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于atthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：(剛要…這時(shí)突然…) sb.wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth +

when…

wasonthepointofdoingsth.

hadjustdonesthIwas

walkingalongthestreet

whenImethim.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein時(shí)間狀語從句2.when可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)間狀語從句3.when還有一些較為靈活的翻譯：

盡管；雖然；鑒于；如果；屆時(shí)

Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?

He

walks

when

he

might

take

a

taxi.

Mary

will

visit

this

city

in

June,

when

she

will

open

a

new

hospital.時(shí)間狀語從句3.when還有一些較為靈活的翻譯：時(shí)間狀語從句while用法小結(jié)：while引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的或進(jìn)行中的，在……期間，往往指一段時(shí)間Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2.

while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，側(cè)重主句動作和從句動作相對比。Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.時(shí)間狀語從句while用法小結(jié)：時(shí)間狀語從句while的不同含義：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.Whilethereislifethereishope.while

=

whenwhile

=

butwhile

=

althoughwhile

=

as

long

as時(shí)間狀語從句while的不同含義：while=when時(shí)間狀語從句as用法：as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,可以表達(dá)“正當(dāng)……”，“一邊……一邊……”，“隨著……”等意思。

Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.as表示“隨著…”，常指一個(gè)行為是另一個(gè)行為的結(jié)果，或一種狀態(tài)隨另一種狀態(tài)變化。句中的動詞多表示狀態(tài)的發(fā)展變化。

Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.時(shí)間狀語從句as用法：時(shí)間狀語從句when,

while,

as

用法區(qū)別while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動詞必須是可延續(xù)的，而when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動詞是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞。When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.時(shí)間狀語從句when,while,as用法區(qū)別時(shí)間狀語從句表示“隨著……”，連詞用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.如果主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用延續(xù)性動作的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作時(shí)，when,while與as可互換使用。When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.時(shí)間狀語從句表示“隨著……”，連詞用as，不用when或wh時(shí)間狀語從句4.

從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前時(shí)，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.時(shí)間狀語從句4.從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前時(shí)，只能用whe時(shí)間狀語從句before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之前”，表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.句型Itwillbe/was＋一段時(shí)間＋before…“還要過多久才……”句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段時(shí)間＋before…“不多久就……”Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.時(shí)間狀語從句before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“在……之時(shí)間狀語從句since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“自從……”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Itis/It

hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since從句“自從……有多長時(shí)間了”It

is/Ithasbeen

sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.翻譯：他不吸煙有五年時(shí)間了。時(shí)間狀語從句since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，常譯為“自從……”時(shí)間狀語從句till,

until和not…until…的用法until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所表示的時(shí)間，意為“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”。

Wewaitedtill/untilhecame.用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動作直到某時(shí)間才開始”

Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.時(shí)間狀語從句till,until和not…until…時(shí)間狀語從句3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。

UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法：強(qiáng)調(diào)句:ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒裝句(not…until…放句首時(shí)，主句要倒裝）：

NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.時(shí)間狀語從句3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。時(shí)間狀語從句名詞短語引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句：themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。Tom

ran

away

the

moment

he

saw

his

father

coming

along.Every

time

he

came,

he

would

bring

us

a

lot

of

flowers.時(shí)間狀語從句名詞短語引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句：時(shí)間狀語從句nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用過去完成時(shí)。當(dāng)nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。I

had

no

sooner

reached

home

than

it

began

to

rain.No

sooner

had

I

reached

home

than

it

began

to

rain.時(shí)間狀語從句nosooner…than…,hard時(shí)間狀語從句1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.after

C.incase

D.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?A.when

B.untilC.beforeD.sinceDC時(shí)間狀語從句1.Iwassofamiliarwit時(shí)間狀語從句3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.With

B.Since

C.As

D.While4.It

will

be

a

long

time

Peter

his

work.

A.

since;

has

finished B.

after;

finishes

C.

when;

will

finish D.

before;

finishesCD時(shí)間狀語從句3.______thedaywento時(shí)間狀語從句5.Wewerejust

callingyouup

youcamein.about;when B.onthepointof;whileC.onthepointof;when D.onthepointof;as6.Babiessleep16to18hoursinevery24hours,andtheysleepless

theygrowolder. A.while B.as C.when D.afterCB時(shí)間狀語從句5.Wewerejust02地點(diǎn)狀語從句02地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句用連接副詞where，wherever(在任何地方)，everywhere（在每個(gè)地方）

引導(dǎo)。We

must

camp

where

we

can

get

water.You

can

sit

wherever

you

like.She

follows

me

everywhere

I

go.地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句用連接副詞where，wherev03原因狀語從句03原因狀語從句原因狀語從句原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原因。引導(dǎo)這種從句常用的連接詞是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat(顧及到),seeingthat(由于)這七個(gè)連詞都用于表示表示原因,但在語氣上一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱。原因狀語從句原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原原因狀語從句because,since,as,for的區(qū)別:1.

because

-直接原因，非推斷，語氣最強(qiáng)，回答why的問題?！猈hy

did

you

go

home

early?

—

Because

I

was

tired.2.

as和since–通常放句首，一般用來表示明顯的、已知的原因，譯為“因?yàn)椤?；既然?

”。As

he

has

no

car,

he

can’t

get

there

easily.Since

we

have

no

money,

we

can’t

buy

it.原因狀語從句because,since,as,for的原因狀語從句because,since,as,for的區(qū)別:3.

for–放句中，補(bǔ)充說明，常用于推斷。I

decided

to

stop

and

have

lunch,

for

I

was

feeling

quite

hungry.原因狀語從句because,since,as,for的原因狀語從句1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_________Ilikedit.2.________hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.3.__________everybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.4.Hemustbeill,____heisabsenttoday.becauseAs/SinceAs/Sincefor原因狀語從句1.Idancedinfrontof04目的狀語從句04目的狀語從句目的狀語從句so

that既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時(shí)，一般用于主句后，有時(shí)可分開，so有時(shí)可省略;從句中要有情態(tài)動詞引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，句中無情態(tài)動詞區(qū)分：Speak

clearly

so

that

they

may

understand

you.

He

got

on

the

train

late

so

that

he

found

all

the

seats

occupied.目的狀語從句sothat既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)目的狀語從句in

order

that:用于正式文體中，從句可位于主句前或后。和in

order

to的區(qū)別：inorderto后面接動詞，是簡單句。inorderthat后面加的是狀語從句。He

came

back

early

in

order

that

he

could

attend

the

meeting.Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteplan.目的狀語從句inorderthat:用于正式文體中，從目的狀語從句Ithinkthatyouhadbettergetupearlier_______youcangettoclassontime.

A.inorder

B.sothat

C.suchthat

D.that_____understandhowthehumanbodyworks,youneedtohavesomeknowledgeofchemistry.

A.Inorderto

B.Soasto

C.Inorderthat

D.Sothat

Iwroteitdown_____Iforget.

A.incaseof

B.incase

C.asif

D.inorderthatBAB目的狀語從句Ithinkthatyouhadbet05結(jié)果狀語從句05結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句so…that…

(如此…以至于…)，so后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞,有時(shí)省略so只用thatMike

is

so

honest

a

man

that

we

all

believe

him.such…that…(如此…以至于…),用法與so…that相同，但such后面應(yīng)修飾名詞。P.169

so,

such結(jié)構(gòu)He

made

such

an

inspiring

speech

that

everybody

got

so

excited.結(jié)果狀語從句so…that…(如此…以至于…)，so結(jié)果狀語從句so

that（結(jié)果是，以致），引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，句中無情態(tài)動詞He

spoke

clearly,

so

that

everybody

understood

him.結(jié)果狀語從句sothat（結(jié)果是，以致），引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句The

teacher

told

us

funny

story

we

all

laughed.such

a;

that

B.

such,

that

C.

so

a,

that

D.

so,

that2.

OurPEteacherwalks____wecan'tcatchupwithhim. A.soquickthat B.tooquicklythat C.soquicklythat D.tooquicklythat

3.

The

workers

work

hard

they

don’t

have

a

day

off

even

on

the

weekend.

A.

too;

that

B.

such;

that

C.

so;

that

D.

as;

thatACC結(jié)果狀語從句Theteachertoldus06條件狀語從句06條件狀語從句條件狀語從句條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。條件狀語從句條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情條件狀語從句Unless：如果不,除非=

ifnotWecan’tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight.=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon’tbooktheearliestflight.條件狀語從句Unless：如果不,除非=ifnot條件狀語從句providedthat：

如果，有時(shí)省略thatTheplanewillbeingoodconditionprovided(that)itistakencareofcarefully.Youcanbecomeascientistprovided(that)youareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation.條件狀語從句providedthat：如果，有時(shí)省略t條件狀語從句onconditionthat：條件是…Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthat

nooneaskedhimtospeak.ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest.條件狀語從句onconditionthat：條件是…條件狀語從句條件句的時(shí)態(tài)，常見的有一下兩種情況：主將從現(xiàn)：書上P4

When

I

grow

up,

I

will

be

a

nurse

and

look

after

patients.

If

I

have

time,

I