世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)1(第六版)-課件1

世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)1(第六版)-課件1Inthisunit,youwill

?readaboutthecharacteristicsofwesterncultures;

?learnhowtodesignaninvitationletter;

?practicehowtoguessthemeaningoftheunknownwordsthroughInference/GeneralKnowledgeCluesandContrast/AntonymClues;

?berequiredtofinish9taskssoastoachievetheobjectives.Unit1Unit1WesternCulturesInthisunit,youwillUnit1UnUnit1Part1TopicIntroductionPart2ReadingSkillFocusPart3PracticalReadingPart4ComprehensiveReadingUnit1Part1Part2Part3Part4

Moreandmorepeopleareworkinginmulticulturalenvironmentsnowadays.Theunderstandingofothercoworkers’culturesisbecomingincreasinglyimportant.ThecontentsinthisunitgiveyouageneralpictureofAmericancultureandBritishculture,whichwillhelpyouhaveabetterunderstandingofwesterncultures.Moreandmorepeoplearewor

Inthisunit，youmaymeetsomeparticulartermscommonlyusedinexplainingculturesandlifestyles.Checkthefollowingwords&expressionsandseewhetheryouknowtheirmeanings.Useadictionarytohelpyouifnecessary.Task1：Lead-inExerciseWords&ExpressionsMeaningscustomsymbolismstereotypebowlerhatassimilatemannerpersonalspaceslangpubdemeanorn.習(xí)慣，風(fēng)俗n.象征意義n.模式化概念n.圓頂高帽，禮帽v.使同化，吸收n.禮貌，舉止個(gè)人空間n.俚語n.酒吧，酒館n.行為，風(fēng)度，舉止Inthisunit，youmaymeetso

Successfulreadersuseavarietyofmethodstodealwithawordtheydonotknow.Theymaystudytheformationorpartsoftheword,ortheymaymakeuseofitsdefinition,synonymorantonymprovidedbytheauthortoworkoutthemeaning.Determiningthemeaningthroughthecontextisthemosteffectivemethodforhandlinganunknownword.Thatis,thereadersexaminethesentenceinwhichthewordappears,oreventhesentencebeforeandaftertheword.Whenthesurroundingtextcontainsahintorsuggestiontohelpdeterminethemeaningoftheunknownword,werefertothishintorsuggestionasacontextclue.Therearecommonlysixtypesofcontextclues:

1.Inference/GeneralKnowledge（推論/常識(shí)）

2.Contrast/AntonymClues（對(duì)比/反義）

3.Restatement/SynonymClues（重述/同義）

4.ExampleClues（示例）

5.CauseandEffectRelationship（因果關(guān)系）

6.DefinitionClues（定義）ContextClues(1)Successfulreadersuseavar

WewilldiscussthesixtypesofcontextcluesfromUnit1toUnit4.Inthisunit,wewillbeginwithInference/GeneralKnowledgeCluesandContrast/AntonymClues.Inference/GeneralKnowledgeClues

Sometimesawordorphraseisnotimmediatelymadeclearwithinthesamesentence.Relationships,whicharenotdirectlyapparent,areimplied.Thereadermustlookforclueswithin,before,andafterthesentenceinwhichthewordisused.Contrast/AntonymClues

Insomesentences,wewillfindtwowordswithoppositemeanings.Ifweknowthemeaningofoneword,wewillbeabletoguessthemeaningoftheotherword.Thecluewordscommonlyusedinthesentencesare:Wewilldiscussthesixtype世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)1(第六版)-課件1GuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExampleGuidedExample

Ican’tbelieveit!Rightinthemiddleofourconversation,Peterturnedaroundabruptlyandwalkedoutoftheroom!abruptly:___________________________________________________________________Clue:

______________________________________________________________________TrytofigureouttheChinesemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordsinthefollowingsentencesorparagraphsandidentifywhatthecluesare.Task2：Let’sTryPractice1突然地，唐突地首先，第一句話表明說話人對(duì)于后面發(fā)生的事情感到非常驚訝。從第二句話中，我們得知：“當(dāng)我們正在談話時(shí)，彼得很唐突地（abruptly）轉(zhuǎn)身離開了房間”，這就是說話人為什么感到吃驚的原因。因此abruptly的意思是“突然地，唐突地”。Ican’tbelieveit!Rightin

Duringofficehourshelookedverytenseandanxious,butontheweekendshewasveryrelaxed.tense:___________________________________________________________________Clue:

______________________________________________________________________Practice2緊張的“but”這個(gè)線索詞表明“tense”與“relaxed”的詞義形成對(duì)比，由此可以猜出“tense”這個(gè)詞含有“緊張”的意思。Duringofficehourshelooke

Unlikethewell-manneredJohn,Jimwasratheruncouth.uncouth:___________________________________________________________________Clue:

______________________________________________________________________Practice3粗魯?shù)摹皍nlike”這個(gè)線索詞表明在原句中John和Jim在行為舉止方面是截然相反的，John彬彬有禮（well-mannered），由此可以推測(cè)出uncouth的意思是“粗魯?shù)摹?。Unlikethewell-manneredJoh

Likemostcountriesandsocieties,Britainhasarichandvariedculture,whichisformedbytheUK’shistoryasadevelopedislandcountry,amajorpower,anditscompositionoffourparts—England,Scotland,Wales,andNorthernIreland.Eachofthefourpartshasdistinctcustoms,culturesandsymbolism.ThefollowingtipswillhelpanewcomertoadapttoBritishculture.composition:________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________distinct:____________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice4組合itscompositionoffourparts后面的破折號(hào)起到了解釋說明的作用，后面列舉了英格蘭、蘇格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭，說明此處想說英國是由這四個(gè)部分組成的，因此可以推斷composition的意思是“組合”的意思。不同的，獨(dú)特的主語each說明該句想表達(dá)的是組成英國的四個(gè)部分中的每一個(gè)都是有自己特點(diǎn)的，因此可以推斷distinct的意思是“不同的，獨(dú)特的”。Likemostcountriesandsoci

Forgetthestereotypes.WhenpeoplethinkofBritain,theyoftenthinkoftheroyalfamily,peopledrinkingteaintheafternoon,eatingfishandchipsandwearingbowlerhats.However,manyofthelongestablishedstereotypessimplyarenotrelevantinBritaintoday.Don’tassumethateveryonedrinksteaintheafternoon,andyouwon’tseeanyonewearingbowlerhatsonstreets.Givinguppreconceivedideasofpeopleandculturewillallowyoutobemoreopenminded

andreadilyabletoassimilatethecultureyoufindyourselfin.relevant:___________________________________________________________________Clue:______________________________________________________________________preconceived:_______________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice5相關(guān)的句首的however表示此句想表達(dá)與上一句相反的意思。也就是說那些老套的模式化觀念是不對(duì)的，relevant前面有not，因此推測(cè)relevant的意思是“相關(guān)的”。預(yù)先的，預(yù)想的前文提到，不要認(rèn)為英國人都喝下午茶，而且你也不會(huì)在街上看到戴高帽子的人。這些都是人們對(duì)英國人的一貫印象，而此句的意思接著說要“放棄……想法”，這個(gè)想法指的就是人們對(duì)英國人的刻板的印象，因此可推斷preconceived意思是“預(yù)想的”。Forgetthestereotypes.When

Mindyourmanners.GoodmannersareimportantinBritishculture,andyoudon’twanttocomeacrossasrude.“Please,”“thankyou”and“excuseme”areallexpectedexpressions.Alwaysapologizeforbumpingintosomeone,evenifitwastheirfault.Respectpeople’spersonalspaceandalwayswaitinline.rude:______________________________________________________________________Clue:______________________________________________________________________fault:______________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice6粗魯?shù)那鞍刖涮崾?，好的禮貌是很重要的，因此后半句中說的你不想給人留下的印象，應(yīng)該與好的禮貌是相反意思的，因此推斷rude是“粗魯?shù)摹?。錯(cuò)誤evenif表示讓步，也就是說“撞到人一定要道歉，即使這是他們的錯(cuò)”。因此推斷fault的意思是“錯(cuò)誤”。Mindyourmanners.Goodmann

Acceptthejokes.OneofthemostconfusingaspectsofBritishcultureishumor.Bantering,ribbing,or“takingthemickey”areallwaystodescribemakingfunofsomeonebutthisisn’tnecessarilyabadthing,sinceteasingsomeoneisacommonwaytoshowaffection.AsoneBritonputit,“younevermakefunofsomeoneyoudon’tlike.”banter:____________________________________________________________________Clue:______________________________________________________________________affection:___________________________________________________________________Clue:_______________________________________________________________________Practice7開玩笑后半句就是對(duì)前面三個(gè)詞bantering,ribbing和takingthemickey的解釋，即開玩笑。因此推斷banter的意思是“開玩笑”。喜歡跟某人開玩笑是為了表示affection,而下一句繼續(xù)說，你不會(huì)跟不喜歡的人開玩笑，因此推斷affection和“不喜歡”意思相反，即“喜歡”。Acceptthejokes.OneofthePractice8

KnowtheslangusedinBritishculture.Thebathroomisalooandanelevatorisalift.Ifyou’reatapubandyouwantpotatochips,don’taskforchipsoryouwillgetFrenchfries.Instead,askforcrisps.

crisps:_______________________________________________________________

Clue:________________________________________________________________炸薯片根據(jù)句意，crisps和potatochips是一個(gè)意思，即“炸薯片”。Practice8Knowtheslanguse

Americansdonotgenerallystandveryclosetoeachotherwhenconversing,keepingaboutarm’slengthapart.However,theymayspontaneouslytouchoneanotheronthearmorshoulderduringconversation.Itiscommonforcouplestoholdhandsorshowaffectioninpublic.Whensitting,bothmenandwomenareoftencasualwhencircumstancesallow,andtheymayproptheirfeetuponchairsorplacetheankleofonelegonthekneeoftheother.Inmoreformalsettings,however,itisoftenconsideredinappropriatetoslouchorbetoocasualindemeanor.

inappropriate:________________________________________________________

Clue:________________________________________________________________Practice9不適合的句中的however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此同樣的行為在正式場(chǎng)合下就是不合適的，因此推斷inappropriate的意思是“不合適的”。AmericansdonotgenerallysInvitationLetters

Aletterofinvitation,orinvitationletter,isakeybusinessletterthatistypicallyusedtoinviteclientsorcustomerstospecialevents.Invitationlettersneedtobeshort,persuasive,andinformative.

Thefollowingisanexampleofaninvitationletter.

Readthefollowingintroductiontoinvitationlettersandtheexample,andthencompletethestatementsbelow.Task3：KnowingaboutInvitationLetters

Inthispart,youwillreadaninvitationletterinvitingpeopletoattendalectureaboutChinesetraditionalculture,whichmayshowyouthebasiccomponentsofaninvitationletter.InvitationLettersReadthef世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)1(第六版)-課件1世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語閱讀教程基礎(chǔ)1(第六版)-課件11.Thelecturesareintendedtointroduce____________________________.2.Thelecturesareheldby_______________________________________.3.ThelectureheldonAugust18thisabout______________________________.4.Participantsneedtoconfirmattendanceby_________________

andhandingitinat_______________________________.5.Theplaceforthelecturesis__________________________________________.ChinesetraditionalcultureBeijingInternationalMediaCenterChineseTraditionalMusicfillingoutaformCultureEventsInformationDeskPressConferenceHall2(Level2,BlockB,BIMC)1.Thelecturesareintendedt

Readeachofthetargetwordsbelow.Thinkabouthowwellyouknowitandcheck(√)theappropriatecolumn.Task4：PreviewingVocabulary

Inthispart,youwillreadalongerandmorecompletearticleandpracticeyourcomprehensivereadingskills.BeforeYouReadTargetWords(Ihave）NeverseenthewordbeforeSeenthewordbutamnotsurewhatitmeansSeenthewordandunderstandwhatitmeansUsedthe

word,butam

notsure

whetherit

wascorrectUsedtheword

confidentlyin

eitherspeaking

orwritingsuburbanbriefcoreprimaryindividual

ReadeachofthetargetwordTargetWords(Ihave）NeverseenthewordbeforeSeenthewordbutamnotsurewhatitmeansSeenthewordandunderstandwhatitmeansUsedthe

word,butam

notsure

whetherit

wascorrectUsedtheword

confidentlyin

eitherspeaking

orwritingpursuestriveunique

innovative

egocentricunitydefineequivalententrepreneurmobilityrelativelytransportationTarget(Ihave）NeverseenthewTargetWords(Ihave）NeverseenthewordbeforeSeenthewordbutamnotsurewhatitmeansSeenthewordandunderstandwhatitmeansUsedthe

word,butam

notsure

whetherit

wascorrectUsedtheword

confidentlyin

eitherspeaking

orwritingadventuremigratestablenativeimmigrantTarget(Ihave）Neverseenthew

Asyoureadthefollowingselection,thinkabouttheanswertothisquestion:WhatarethecharacteristicsofAmericanCulture?Readtheselection.Donotuseadictionary.Thendotheexercisesthatfollowthereading.Task5：ReadingThisArticleAsYouReadAmericanCulture?

Whenmostpeoplethinkabout“Americanculture”,imagesofCoca-Cola,hotdogs,baseballgames,bigcarsandsuburbanhousescometomind.ButthereisadeepersideofAmericanculturethanHollywood1andDisneyWorld2.HereisabrieflookatseveralculturalaspectsthatinfluencethewayAmericansthinkandact.

Individualism?

ThecoreofAmericancultureisindividualism:beliefintheprimaryimportanceoftheindividualandtheimportanceofpersonalindependence.Americanstendtoputtheirpersonalneedsfirst;theypursueindividualbenefitandenjoymentratherthancollectiveinterest;andtheyemphasizeonachievingindividualvaluebyself-striveandself-design.Asyoureadthefollowingse?

Americanindividualismhasitsprosandcons.Peopleareencouragedtoexpressthemselvesinuniqueways.Theyadmirethosewhodosomethingnewandinnovative.PerhapsthisisonereasonwhysomanytechnologicalinventionsandnewideashavecomefromtheUS.Ontheotherhand,itisdifficulttokeepgoodrelationshipsamongpeopleifeveryoneisegocentric,whichmakestheentiresocietylackunity.Work:YouAreWhatYouDo?

OneofthefirstquestionsthatAmericansaskeachotherwhentheymeetis,“So,whatdoyoudo?”ThisisacommonquestionbecausemostpeopleintheUSdefinewhotheyarebytheworktheydo.Americanshaveaverystrongsenseofsuccess.Theybelievethatone’spersonalvalueisequivalenttohisachievementsinhiscareer.Somehighachieversintheircareersuchasentrepreneurs,scientists,artistsandallkindsofsuperstarsbecomemodernheroes.Theprocessofhowtheystrivedhasbecomethereal-lifetextbookforparentstoeducatetheirchildren.?Americanindividualismhasi

Mobility?

Americansocietyhasgreatmovementswithinitself.Thesemovementsareshownintwoaspects:movementsamonglocationsandmovementsinsidethesociety.TheUnitedStatesarerelativelymoreopenandhavemorefreedom.DevelopedtransportationandthetraditionofadventureandmobilitymakealotofAmericanmigratefromcountrysidetocities,fromdowntowntouptown;andfromnorthtothesouthernsunnyland,fromonecitytoanother.ThesocialclassesinAmericaarenotsostable,andmovementsupwardsalongthesocialladderarepossible.ManypeoplelivingintheStates,nomatterwhethertheyarenativesorimmigrantsfromoverseas,havethesamedreamofchangingtheirsocialclassesandmakingtheirlifetimedreamcometruethroughtheirownefforts.Thisiswhattheyoftencalled“Americandream3”.(408words)MobilityWordListhotdogsuburbanbriefcoreprimaryindividualpursuestriveuniqueinnovativeegocentricunityDefineequivalent/s??b??b?n//bri?f//k??(r)//?pra?m?ri//??nd??v?d?u?l//p??sju?//stra?v//ju?ni?k//??n?ve?t?v//?eg???sentr?k//?ju?n?ti//d??fa?n//??kw?v?l?nt/adj.adj.n.adj.n.vt.n.adj.adj.adj.n.vt.adj.熱狗郊區(qū)的簡(jiǎn)潔的，簡(jiǎn)明的核心，精髓首要的，主要的個(gè)人追求努力，奮斗獨(dú)特的創(chuàng)新的自我為中心的團(tuán)結(jié)，一致定義相等的，相當(dāng)?shù)腤ordListhotdog熱狗WordListentrepreneurmobilityrelativelytransportationadventuremigratestablenativeimmigrant/??ntr?pr??n??(r)//m???b?l?ti//?rel?t?vli//?tr?nsp???te??n//?d?vent??(r)//ma??gre?t//?ste?bl?//?ne?t?v//??m?gr?nt/n.n.adv.n.n.vi.adj.n.n.企業(yè)家流動(dòng)性相對(duì)地，比較地交通冒險(xiǎn)移動(dòng)，移往穩(wěn)定的本國人，本土人移民，僑民WordListentrepreneur/??ntr?p1.Hollywood好萊塢好萊塢位于美國西海岸加利福尼亞州洛杉磯郊外，依山傍水，景色宜人。由于美國許多著名的電影公司設(shè)立于此，因此“好萊塢”一詞往往直接用來指美國的電影工業(yè)。好萊塢是世界聞名的電影中心，每年在此舉辦的奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮是世界電影的盛會(huì)。2.DisneyWorld迪士尼世界全球聞名遐邇的迪士尼，全稱為TheWaltDisneyCompany，取名自其創(chuàng)始人華特·迪士尼，是總部設(shè)在美國伯班克的大型跨國公司，主要業(yè)務(wù)包括娛樂節(jié)目制作、主題公園、玩具、圖書、電子游戲和傳媒網(wǎng)絡(luò)。3.AmericanDream美國夢(mèng)“美國夢(mèng)”是美國人的普遍信念，機(jī)會(huì)均等是“美國夢(mèng)”的靈魂。聰明、勤奮與堅(jiān)韌不拔是美國夢(mèng)的必要條件，而幅度巨大的社會(huì)階級(jí)縱向流動(dòng)，尤其是由下層階級(jí)至上層階級(jí)的社會(huì)流動(dòng)，是美國夢(mèng)表現(xiàn)出來的最為顯著的特征。1.Hollywood好萊塢AfterYouReadTask6：DeterminingtheMeaningofNewWords1.individualism(Para.2,Line1):_____

A.abeliefinthevirtueofobedience

B.abeliefinthefreedomofthoughtandthevirtueofself-reliance

C.abeliefthatpeopleshouldconsiderthebenefitoftheunitorgroupfirstClue:_______________________________________________________________________

Readthetextagainandchoosethemostprobablemeaningforthefollowingwordsandexplainwhatthecluesare.B冒號(hào)后面是對(duì)individualism一詞的定義，即“信仰將個(gè)人重要性放在首位，信仰個(gè)人的獨(dú)立”，其意思與B選項(xiàng)一致。AfterYouReadTask6：Determini2.collective(Para.2,Line3):_____

A.oforsharedbyeverymemberofagroupofpeople

B.relatingtoasingle,separatepersonorthing

C.ownedandcontrolledbyasinglepersonClue:_______________________________________________________________________A這是根據(jù)反義線索而猜測(cè)的詞義。前半句解釋個(gè)人主義的表現(xiàn)，即“追求個(gè)人利益”，線索詞ratherthan表示后半句與individualbenefit意思相反，因此collectiveinterest是“集體利益”的意思。2.collective(Para.2,Line33.prosandcons(Para.3,Line1):_____

A.inonedirectionandthenintheoppositedirection

B.reasonsorcausesofsomething

C.advantagesanddisadvantagesofsomethingClue:_______________________________________________________________________C本段接下來的兩句給出了個(gè)人主義的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，即鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新，詞組Ontheotherhand表明最后一句給出了個(gè)人主義的缺點(diǎn)，即整個(gè)社會(huì)缺乏整體意識(shí)。因此可以推斷prosandcons的意思是“優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)”。3.prosandcons(Para.3,Lin4.uptown(Para.5,Line5):_____

A.inortowardsanareaofacitythatisawayfromthecenter

B.toorinthecenterormainbusinessareaofatownorcity

C.intheindustryareaofatownorcityClue:_______________________________________________________________________Ａuptown與downtown詞義相對(duì)，即從城市中心到城市周邊，因此可以推斷該詞的詞義是“市郊”。4.uptown(Para.5,Line5):_5.overseas(Para.5,Line9):_____

A.inthemiddleofacountry,awayfromthesea

B.relatedtotheseaorocean

C.toorinothercountriesClue:_______________________________________________________________________C從句意來看，immigrantsfromoverseas與natives意思相反，與“本土人”相反的應(yīng)該是“來自海外的移民”，因此overseas的意思是“海外的，外國的”。5.overseas(Para.5,Line9)Task7：ComprehendingtheWholeText

Readthetextagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.

1.WhydoestheauthormentionCoca-Cola,hotdogs,baseballgames,bigcarsandsuburbanhousesinthefirstparagraph?

A.ToexemplifyasuperficialunderstandingofAmericanculturebymanypeople.

B.ToexemplifythecoreofAmericanculture.

C.TointroduceanimportantaspectofAmericanculture.

D.TopresentthemostpopularproductsandsportsinAmerica.

2.WhatisthecentralbeliefofAmericanculture?

A.Luxuriouslifestyle.

B.Entertainment.

C.Individualism.

D.Primaryimportanceofbenefit.Task7：ComprehendingtheWhole3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofindividualism?A.Itmakespeoplestrivebythemselvestoachievesuccess.B.Itcanhelpacceleratethedevelopmentoftechnology.C.Itencouragespeopletothinkdifferentlyandinnovate.D.Itmakestheentiresocietylackunity.4.Americanpeopleevaluateone’spersonalvalueonthebasisof_________.A.hisrelationshipamongpeopleB.personalachievementsC.hispursuitD.hissocialclass3.WhichofthefollowingisN

5.ItispossibleforAmericanpeople,nomatterwheretheyarefrom,tomoveupwardthesocialladderbecause__________.

A.thecountryhasdevelopedtransport

B.thecountryhasthetraditionofadventure

C.thesocialclassesarenotstable

D.theyhavethedreamofchangingtheirsocialclasses

6.“Americandream”meansintheStatespeople__________.

A.havethefreedomtodowhattheywanttodo

B.canachievehighsocialstatusandsuccessthroughtheirownefforts

C.canmigratefreelywithinthecountry

D.canbecomewealthybyworkinghard5.ItispossibleforAmericTask8：FocusingonVocabularyA.Choosethecorrectdefinitionforeachword.ＣFＡＨＢＤＪＥＧＩTask8：FocusingonVocabularyAB.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.individualstablepursueegocentricadventuresuburbancorenativerelativelyprimary1.The__________areasusuallyhaverailroadorbustransportationtoneighboringtowns.2.Thelackofgovernmentfundingisatthe_______oftheproblem.3.TheRedCross’s_________concer