2023年北京石景山區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2023北京石景山高三（上）期末英語本試卷共10頁，共分。考試時長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空共10小題每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AsabiologistandIalwaystakemycameraeverywheretakepicturesofwildanimals.OneIwasstandingaboatwhenaleopardseal(海豹)swamIputonmydivingequipmentandgrabbedmy____1____.Iwasfrightenedbecauseshewassobig.MywasandIcouldn’teven____2____.ButIwas____3____thismysteriouscreature.Ijumpedintothefreezingthesealswamtowardsme.Thenputmyentirecameramuchofmyheadintomouth.Thinkingthismustbeasignof____4____,Idecidedstayverycalm.Althoughthesealwasshowingmeteeth,Itriednot____5____anyShedidafewmoretimes,andthenswammy____6____,shecamebackwithalivepenguin.AndevenshowedmehoweatThenshepushedthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!Beingabiologist,Iunderstoodthatshewastrying____7____me.ButIthoughtthatshewastryingcommunicatewithme.Atthispoint,shedidn’tseemvery____8____.stayedmeandcareofmeforfourdays.Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.And,moreI’velearnedthatanimalsdonotalwaysbehavewaywe____9____.Ibelievethe_____10_____experienceIhadwiththispowerfulandintelligentanimalwillstaywithme1.A.knifeB.C.cameraC.moveD.2.A.escape3.A.approach4.A.respect5.A.confirm6.A.satisfaction7.A.feedB.makeD.fightB.adoptC.imagineC.rewardC.overcomeC.surpriseC.attackD.rescueD.threatD.reduceD.sorrowD.assessD.ambitiousD.expectD.bitterB.sympathyB.exposeB.regretB.comfortB.dangerousB.promiseB.similar8.A.reliable9.A.admire10.A.confusingC.sensitiveC.demandC.incredible第二節(jié)語法填空共小題每小題1.5分，共15分)第1頁17頁A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenIwas14,myfatherandIabikeexploretheSidelingHillTunnel(隧道).Afterwe(enter)thedarktunnel,Ishonemyflashlightaroundwallscovered涂鴉).____12____Iwasfrightened,withmyconstantencouragement,Imanagedrideintothatbrightafternoonatlast.Thisalwaysremindsmeofmy____13____givesmethecouragekeepridingthroughdarkB閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Bandung,ofmajorcities,only150kilometersfromJakarta,thecapital,butthedriveatanaverageofthreehoursevenwithafreeway____14____(connect)thetwocities.ahigh-speed____15____(fund)byChinadueopen2023,hours-longtravel____16____(cut)40minutes.ItpartofBeltandInitiative,andforIndonesia,thebeginningofabrandnetworkoftransportationacrosstheC閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenKurtBenirschkecollectingskin____17____(sample)fromrareandendangeredanimals1972,hehaveaclearplanon____18____couldbedonewiththem.HesetacollectionbankcalledFrozenZoo.Benirschkepassedaway2018,____19____hiseffortsareverymuchtheFrozenZoothe____20____animalcryobank,withgeneticmaterialsfromover10,500animals.In2020,ababyhorseknownas“Kurt”wasborn,clonedusingfromtheFrozenZoo.第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)共14小題每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ayourexperience,andmastertheEnglishlanguageourexcitingandcomprehensivelanguageprogrammes.Chooseyourpreferredandyou’llstudywithandbefriendotherinternationalstudents.OurEnglishLearningProgrammes·LearnEnglishUniversitiesCourseshavebeendevelopedpartnershipwithfamousuniversitiesAustraliaimproveyourEnglishlanguageskills.willgetexperiencecampusabroad.·SmallGroupEnglishProgrammeTheseintensiveEnglishclassesarehosteddifferentlanguageschoolsalongthecoast.ourprogrammeadviserschoosethebestlocation.第2頁17頁·One-on-OneOurprogrammeorganizestailoredlearningexperiencesbasedonyourEnglishlearninggoals.willlivelocalfamiliesandhavechancespractiseyouroralEnglish.·HighSchoolStudyAbroadTherearethingswhichmakeyoufeelgrown-uplikelivinglearninganotherPackthiswithmanyfunculturalactivities.AndyouwillalsohaveopportunitiesexperiencesciencesubjectstaughtEnglish,aslessonsaboutrocksminerals,plantsandanimals,andengineeringpractices.FourstepsgetintoEnglishlearningStepOne:Reviewtheprogrammeinformationandouronlineapplicationgettheballrolling.Stepwillhavea15-mininterviewwithyourprogrammeadviserdiscussyourinterests,needs,destinationandduration.threedaysafterthetheadviserwillbetouchemailletyouyourapplicationhasbeensuccessful.Ifso,we’llsendyouaformalStepThree:confirmyourplaceourprogrammeyou’llneedreplyourofoffermakepaymentonlineaccordingtheinstruction.Oncethishasbeendone,we’llsendyoudocumentscontainingalltheinformationyou’llneedregardingyourstudytrip.StepFour:Onceyourhavebeenbooked,letusknowyourarrivaldetailsweorganizeairportpick-up.beexcitedwelcomeprogrammeperson!21.IfHenrywantstryabiologyclasstaughtEnglish,hemayjoin________.A.LearnEnglishUniversitiesC.One-on-OneB.SmallGroupEnglishProgrammeD.HighSchoolStudyAbroad22.WhatshouldapplicantsafterreceivingaformalA.Replytheletterandthecostforthestudytrip.B.Gettouchwiththeconfirmthedestination.C.ReviewprogrammeinformationprepareforanD.Providetheprogrammeadviserwithpersonalneedsgoals.23.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthispassage?A.PeopleplanningimprovetheirEnglish.B.PeoplewillingapplyEnglishteachingjobs.C.Peopleaiminghelplearnersgoabroad.D.PeoplelovingshareEnglishlearningexperiences.BInmyeyesmymothercapableofdoinganything,especiallychoressuchasironingandcooking.teachingherusetheInternetasfrustratingasuntangling(解開)wires.Once,mymothercamemeaskforhelparecipeforall-beefLasagna.Igaveherveryverbal(口頭的)instructions—gothehomepageofaparticularsearchenginetype“recipeforall-beefLasagna.”Fifteenminutesshecameme,tellingthatshewasunablefindInternet圖標(biāo)).Iwentoverthecomputerandpointedouttheicon第3頁17頁AnotherfifteenminuteswentbywhenIfeltataponmyThistime,mymothersaidthatshewasunablesearchfortheparticularrecipe.Gritting(咬)myteeth,Iwalkedherroomagain.IsawthatshehadtypedbeefLasaga”instead.frustratedstrokes,Ikeyedthecorrectspelling.anotherfifteenminuteswentbyagainwhenmymothergingerlytappedmyIstormednextdoorwithoutbotheringhidefrustration.Themainpageofthewebsitehadnotshiftedonebit.Ithenrealisedthatshedidnotknowscrolldownthepage.Whathadinitiallyseemedlikeaneasytaskwasturningoutbeanintenseone.avoidbeingdisturbedagain,Idecidedfindtherecipeforaword,Irapidlydownloadedarecipes,printedthemoutpassedthemmyseeingherembarrassment,Ibeganregretimpatienceduringthewholeprocess.Atthatmoment,memoriesflashedthroughmymind.WhenIwasyoung,mymotherenduredmyendlessquestions,enlighteningmewithmuchpatience.NowthatIamtherolesreverse.Asmymotherincreasinglyneedhelp,shouldn’tIrethinkrespondneeds?24.Themothercouldn’tfindtherecipeonlinebecausewas________.A.unfamiliarwithcomputersandtheInternetB.givenunclearinstructionsbytheauthorC.toodependentonherfamilymembersD.impatientatsearchingtherecipe25.Whydidtheauthorprinttherecipesforhismotheratlast?A.BecausehewaspleasedhelphismotherB.Becausehewantmotherbeembarrassed.C.Becausehewasfeduphismother’sinterruption.D.Becausehethoughthismotherfavoredtheprintedversion.26.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwantconvey?A.Itwiseteachothersexamples.B.Forgivingothersequalblessingoneself.C.Patienceandperseverancewillbefinallyrewarded.D.Puttingyourselfothers’shoesthekeyunderstanding.CThetechnologyforspeech-recognitionsystemshasadvancedgreatlysinceappearancethe1950s.Manyvoicesystemsunderstandthelanguagewhenspokenatanormalconversationalrate.Buteventheadvancedhuman-machineinterfaces(人機(jī)交互)usedtodayareunabletrickthelistenersintothinkingacomputerahuman.Whythis?Simplyput,becausehumanbeingsrelyonmorethanwordsconveyideasorinterpretmessages,suchastones,facialexpressions,bodymovements,andobjectstheworldaroundthem.Onesignificantrecentachievementthefieldoftalkingcomputersvirtualpersonalassistantsmobilephones.Ifyoutellamobilephonethatyouwantschedulealunchwithafriend,cansettheappointmentyourphoneseconds.Thecanalsoholdabasic“conversation”andhasearnedfameforelementarysenseofStill,thehumourpreprogrammedandcanbetriggeredonlywhenhumanuserscertainkeywords.第4頁17頁Whilethepotentialfor“real”communicationbetweenahumanandamachinemayseemexciting,thispossibilityconcernssomepeople.Someexpertsworryaboutattachmentthesemachinesandfearthattheartofsuccessfulhuman-to-humanconversationwillbeundevelopedyoungergenerations.Theyworrythatpeoplebeabledisplaytheemotionorconversationsbecausetheyhaven’tbeenpractisingthoseOthersfearthatmachinestakeoverfunctionsthatweretraditionallyperformedbyhumans,suchascustomerservice.Anotherconcernoftenassociatedwiththedevelopmentoftechnologytheinvasionofprivacy(隱私)Whenpeopleusespeech-recognitionapplications,theyleavebehindanaudiotrackoftheirspeech.Whenyouaskafordirections,yourspeechsentsavedaremoteserverprocessing.Thisdigitaltrailmayleaddatamining,orthecollectionofquantitiesofpersonaldata.Forthecontinuingevolutionofspeech-recognitionsoftwareworthexpecting.Leadingcompaniesthefieldmakehumancommunicationwithmachinesasseamlessaspossible,justcommunicatingwithanotherhuman.27.Accordingpassage,whatado?A.Entertainuserswithoriginaljokes.C.Holdpreprogrammedconversations.B.Makepeopleregardasahuman.D.Displaytherighttonesconversations.28.Whichsituationreflectstheconcernsmentionedpassage?A.Oneservicewaspricedhigherforprotectingusers’B.Anairlineborecostsforapplyingonlineservice.C.Anfailedoffertherightdirectionwhengivenspokeninstructions.D.Someteenagersbecamemoresociallyawkwardduetheaddiction29.Whatthepurposeofpassage?A.informreadersofthedouble-edgedqualityofaB.inspirereadersexplorethefutureofaC.promotetheapplicationofaD.stressconvenienceofa30.Whatmightbethebestofthepassage?A.TheworriesoverC.TheworldofB.D.Listening“arealperson.”DApersoncouldbeforbelieving20yearsagothattheInternetwouldsoonrevolutioniseacademicpublishing,becausebecamepossibleforpublishersspreadscholarlyworkatclickofabutton—cheaperthetraditionalsubscription-based(訂閱)model.Recognisingthemanyscholarslibrariansbeganadvocateaopenaccessmodel,whicharticlesaremadeavailableonlineanyone.Theresultwouldatrueonlinepubliclibraryofscience.thandecadesthemovementhasmadeslightprogress,andthetraditionalsubscription-basedmodelremainsentrenched.thingsarechanging.AbigshoedroppedtheUniversityofCalifornia(UC)Libraries,oneofthebiggestlibrarysystems,declinedrenewcontractwithaleadingscientificElsevierwantedtheLibrariesOnepackageoflicensedjournalstheothertheuseofElsevier’sopen第5頁17頁accessmodel.UCLibrarieswantedlicensedjournalsfeecovertheopenaccessfee;theyalsowantedaccessallUCresearchespublishedElsevierjournals.Whenthesidescouldn’tcometerms,theLibrarieswalkedtheopenaccessrevolutionmorelikelybeledbyresearchfundingagencies,whocanusetheirpursepowerpromoteopenaccess.Ateamoffunders,CoalitionS,insistedthatanyresearchtheyfundshouldpublishedajournalthatmakesallofitsarticlesfreelyandimmediatelyavailablethepublic,whichcalledPlan-S.Nowthatsomelibrariansfundersareflexingtheirmuscles,whatshouldacademicsdo?TheworstresponsewouldbecomplainthatPlan-Sdeprives(剝奪)themofacademicfreedom.Somethoughtfulacademicsmightworrythatashiftopenaccesswouldaffecttheirpromotion.Afterall,subscriptionjournalsaremorefamiliarandmoreprestigious(有威望的)thecurrentsystem.enoughacademicssupportopenaccess,thesystemcouldreachatippingpointbeyondwhichsubscriptionsnolongersignalprestige.Reachingpointwouldconsiderabletimeandbutpossible.Whenthejournalsystembegan1665,waskindofaformofopenaccess.JournalsallowedacademicslearnopenlyfromoneItwas1900sthejournalsystembecamethoroughlycommoditized(商品化).Nowthebringbackroots.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordprobablymean?A.Uncertain.B.Rooted.C.Limited.D.32.WhatthecoreoffailednegotiationbetweenUCLibrariesandElsevier?A.Thedurationofcontract.B.Thewayofpayment.D.Thechoiceoflicensedjournals.C.Theforopenmodel.33.Whatbeinferredthepassage?A.Academicswelcomeopenaccessmodelwithfullheart.B.Openaccessmodelwillsoonachieveadominantposition.C.PublishersarewillingabandonthesubscriptionmodelD.Establishingatrueonlinepubliclibraryofsciencerequiresjointefforts.34.Whattheattitudetowardstheopenaccessmodel?A.Critical.B.Supportive.C.Disapproving.D.Indifferent.第二節(jié)共5小題每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhyListenMusicwith歌詞)Don’tUnderstandFromFrenchelectronicK-popSpanishjazz,commonforuslistenwenecessarilyunderstand.____35____.Sometimes,weevensingalongthemwithoutknowingthedictionarymeaningoflyrics.Butwhy?Itallstartswithcalled“soundsymbolism(語音表意),”whichrefersthestudyoftherelationshipsbetweenutterances(發(fā)聲)andtheirmeaning.Inmusic,somethingabouttheappealofwordsassounds,beyondtheirmeaningalanguage.____36____.Thismightexplainwhywefondofasongevenwithoutknowinglyrics.第6頁17頁____37____.Oneexampleofsuchtechniquesisscale(音階).SongsmajorscalesarebrighterorwhileminorscalesusuallysoundslightlydarkerorOurbrainwiredrespondacertainsound,andourbreathingandevenourmovementgowiththesoundwe____38____.Besides,elementsofsoundandmusic,likepitch,melodyoralsohaveanaffective,emotional,andevenphysicalimpactonlisteners.Throughacomplexoftheseelements,musicaddssomuchmeaninganddimensionlyrics.Thatthecombinationofallthesecreatesthemeaningfarbeyondthelyrics’dictionarymeaning.____39____.arepowerfultoolsforhelpingusrecognise,expressandreflectouremotions.Allall,valuewhateverimmediateappealwefindthemusicweto,whethernotweunderstandthewords.Music,afterall,auniversallanguage.A.Theinterrelationshipofmelodyandpitchimportant.B.Thiswhyfast-pacedpopularforrunning.C.Ofcourse,thisignoretheimportanceoflyricsmusic.D.Thingslikeaimagealsohelpconveymeaningthroughsongs.E.So,whenlisteningaforeignsong,weenjoytheassoundswords.Itseemsthatnotknowingthelanguageofthelyricsdoesn’tstopusfromlikingaG.Somemusicaltechniquesandelementscanalsohelpconveycertainmoodsmessages.第三部分：書面表達(dá)共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)共4小題第、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。HowtoStopOverthinkingallhavetimeswhenwewhetheraboutwork,health,relationshipsorahostofotherreasons.Butthereapointwhenyoumaythinkworrytoomuch?Overthinkinganunhealthyhabitthattypicallycausesmorestressfocusingthenegativeinsteadcomingupwithlogicalsolutions.example,weworryingaboutaspecificsituationatwork,whichworryingaboutmoneyorlosingjobs.Butwhywetendoverthink?Thisoftenduecognitiveerrors,whicharebasicallyerrorslogicalthinking,suchasall-or-nothingthinkingandovergeneralisation.Althoughoverthinkinghardbreak,NatachaDuke,aregisteredpsychotherapist,outlinesstrategiesthatcanhelp.“Healthydistractioncanbeuseful,”saysDuke.Activitieslikereadingandtakingawalkcanhelpkeepourstresslevelsdown.Theycanourbaselinelevelofanxietyandmakeuslesslikelyoverthink.Dukeadds,“KeepingadailyjournalcanusactivelymanagestressbeforeourfeelingsexpandoutofAswepractisejournalingouremotionsthoughts,becomeseasieridentifywhenwe’restartingStoppingworryingearlywillultimatelyhelpusfeelbetterandstayfocusedwhatmostus.Somepeopleconstantlyaboutquestionslike“WhatIlosemyjob?”or“WhatIgetsick?”Whilehavingthesethoughtsnormal,becomesaproblemwhenwefocusonlyonworst-casesituation.“Forevery‘whatif’changethisan‘ifthen’statementwhereyoucomeupwithideasdealwiththeworryorworst-casesituation,”saysDuke.“Focushavingaconcreteplanplace.”So,facetheproblems,thenchallengeandreframethem.wewilldevelopwayscopewithoverthinking.第7頁17頁40.Whatoverthinking?________________41.Whatcausesoverthinking?________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartfalsethefollowingstatement,thenunderlineandexplainAmancanoverthinkinghechanges“whatquestions“ifthen”statements,becausehelpshimfocusontheworst-casesituation.________________43.Besidesthesuggestionsmentionedthepassage,whatotheradvicewillyouapersonwhoalwaysoverthinking?________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。為了豐富生活，你所在的班級開展了“家務(wù)小能手”主題展示活動。你的英國好友Jim得知情況后，來信詢問有關(guān)信息。請你回復(fù)一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．活動內(nèi)容;2．收獲及感受。提示詞：家務(wù)小能手展示活動Housework注意：1．詞數(shù)左右;2．開頭和結(jié)尾己給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第8頁17頁參考答案第一部分：知識運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空共10小題每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.C2.C3.A4.DBC7.A8.B9.D10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者拍攝海豹的經(jīng)歷及感悟?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我穿上了潛水設(shè)備，拿起了照相機(jī)。A.knifeB.C.camera機(jī)；D.gun槍。根據(jù)后文的“Thenputmycameraandmuchofheadintohermouth.”可知，海豹把我的頭和相機(jī)放在了他的嘴里，所以我是帶著相機(jī)潛水的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的嘴唇發(fā)干，甚至都無法動彈的了。A.escape逃跑；B.make制作；move移動；D.fight斗爭。根據(jù)前文的“Iwasfrightened”可知，我看見海豹后十分害怕，一動不動地待在那里。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】A.approach接近；B.adopt采?。籆.imagine想象；D.rescue營救。根據(jù)后文的“Ijumpedintothefreezing”可知，我決定跳入水里，近距離觀察海豹，所以此處是接近這個海豹。故選A項(xiàng)。【4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為這一定是威脅的信號，所以決定保持冷靜。A.respect尊重；B.sympathy同情；C.回報；D.threat威脅；恐嚇。根據(jù)前文的“Thensheputmycameraandofheadintohermouth.”可知，海豹看到人類后，采取了威脅恐嚇人類的做法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管海豹向我展示它的牙齒，但我盡力不顯露出任何害怕。A.confirmB.expose暴露；overcome克服；D.reduce減少。根據(jù)前文的“Idecidedverycalm.”可知，盡管海豹在威脅我，但我還是盡力保持冷靜，不露出害怕的神情。故選B【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：使我驚訝的是，它叼著一只活著的企鵝又回來了。A.satisfaction滿足；B.regret后悔；C.surprise驚訝；D.sorrow悲傷。根據(jù)后文的“shecamebackwithalivepenguin.”可知，我沒有想到海豹會去而復(fù)返，還帶著一只企鵝，所以當(dāng)它叼著一只活著的企鵝又回來了，我很驚訝。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名生物學(xué)家，我理解海豹嘗試用企鵝喂我吃。A.喂養(yǎng)；B.comfort安慰；C.attack攻擊；D.assess評估。根據(jù)前文的“Thenpushedthepenguinintomycamera—thought第9頁17頁thecamerawasmymouth!”可知，海豹把照相機(jī)當(dāng)成了我的嘴，把企鵝推到了我的“嘴邊”，說明海豹是在喂養(yǎng)我，想讓我吃了企鵝。故選A項(xiàng)。【8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一刻，它看上去似乎不那么危險了。A.reliable可靠的；B.dangerous危險的；C.sensitive多愁善感的；D.ambitious野心勃勃的。根據(jù)后文“stayedbymeandcareofforfourdays.”可知，從那一刻開始，海豹開始信任我，我也不再害怕它了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更重要的是，我得知動物的行為并不總是我們預(yù)期的那樣。A.admire欽佩；B.promise承諾；C.demand要求；D.expect預(yù)期，期待；認(rèn)為。根據(jù)前文“sheputmyentirecameramuchofmyheadintomouth.”及“Thenthepenguinintomycamera—shethoughtthecamerawasmymouth!”可知，海豹的行為前后發(fā)生了很大的變化，一開始威脅我，后來信任了我，給我分享食物吃。說明海豹并不是像人們認(rèn)為的那樣可怕危險。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信與這只強(qiáng)大聰慧的動物在一起的不可思議的體驗(yàn)將伴隨我終生。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.similar相似的；C.incredible難以置信的；驚人的；不可思議的；D.bitter的。根據(jù)前文“Shestayedbymeandtookofmefourdays.”及“Igotmanyamazingpicturesduringthosefourdays.”可知，我與海豹在一起的經(jīng)歷是非常美妙的，不可思議的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空共小題每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】entered12.Although##Though##While13.who【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的一次和父親的探險經(jīng)歷，這次經(jīng)歷讓作者領(lǐng)會了要穿越生活的黑暗隧道?！绢}詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：我們進(jìn)入黑暗的隧道后，我用手電筒照了照四周，看到墻上滿是涂鴉。逗號前在句中為時間狀語從句，空處作從句的謂語，結(jié)合主句中shone和可知，空處的時態(tài)為一般過去時，所以填entered，故填entered?！?2題詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：盡管我很害怕，但是在父親的不斷鼓勵下，最后我終于在那個晴朗的下午騎車出了隧道。結(jié)合空后“Iwasfrightened,withmyconstantencouragement,Imanagedrideout知，逗號前的內(nèi)容在句中為讓步狀語從句，所以此處填although/though/while，因處于句首，所以首字母大寫。故填A(yù)lthough/Though/While?！?3題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這次旅行總是讓我想起我的父親，他給我勇氣繼續(xù)穿越生活的黑暗隧道。分析可第10頁共17頁知，空處及之后的內(nèi)容為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為myfather，在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞who，故填who?！敬鸢浮縞onnecting15.funded16.willbe【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了由中國修建的連接印尼雅加達(dá)和萬隆的高鐵，它是中國“一帶一路”倡議的一部分，對印度尼西亞來說，這是全國全新交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的開端?！?4題詳解】接兩個城市，車程也平均需要3個小時。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語afreeway和設(shè)空處之間為邏輯的主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填connecting?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一條由中國投資的高鐵將于年開通。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和其邏輯主語ahigh-speedrailwayfunded?！?6題詳解】考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：長達(dá)數(shù)小時的行程將縮短至分鐘。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)時間狀語2023，可知句子的時態(tài)為一般將來時，設(shè)空處為一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故填willbe?！敬鸢浮縮amples18.what19.but20.largest【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了庫爾特·貝尼爾施克的生平和貢獻(xiàn)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)庫爾特·貝尼爾施克(KurtBenirschke)在1972年開始收集稀有和瀕危動物的皮膚樣本時，他并沒有一個關(guān)于如何處理這些皮膚樣本的明確計劃?？仗幵诰渲凶髻e語，所以用名詞。結(jié)合空后“rareendangeredanimals”可知，此處指那些稀有和瀕危動物的皮膚樣本，所以為復(fù)數(shù)含義，故填samples?！?8題詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意同上。分析可知，空處及之后的內(nèi)容作介詞on的賓語從句，空處作從句的主語，表示做什么，所以用連接代詞whatwhat。【19題詳解】考查連詞。句意：貝尼爾施克于2018年去世，但他的成就仍然繼續(xù)存在。分析句子可知，空處前后內(nèi)容的關(guān)系為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以填連詞but，故填but。【20題詳解】考查最高級。句意：今天，冷凍動物園是世界上最大的動物冷凍庫，擁有超過10,500種動物的基因材料。第頁共17頁結(jié)合空前the可知，此處用最高級。故填。第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)共14小題每小題2分，共28分)【答案】D22.A23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個英語學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目及申請流程?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HighSchoolStudyAbroad”項(xiàng)目中第三句“AndyouwillalsohaveopportunitiesexperiencesciencesubjectstaughtEnglish,suchaslessonsaboutrocksandminerals,plantsandanimals,engineeringpractices.(你將有機(jī)會體驗(yàn)用英語教授的科學(xué)課程，比如有關(guān)巖石和礦石，動植物和工程實(shí)踐的課程)”可知，如果亨利想嘗試英語授課的生物課，他可能會參加HighSchoolStudyAbroad。故選D【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“StepThree”的第一句“confirmyourplaceourprogramme,you’llneedourletterofofferandmakepaymentonlineaccordingtheinstruction.(為了確認(rèn)你在項(xiàng)目中要去的地方，你需要回復(fù)收到的通知書并根據(jù)說明完成在線付款”可知，在收到正式錄取通知書后，申請人應(yīng)回復(fù)函件并支付費(fèi)用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“yourexperience,andmastertheEnglishlanguageourexcitingandcomprehensivelanguageprogrammes.(定制你的體驗(yàn)，并且在令人興奮的全面的語言課程中掌握英語”可推知，這篇文章的目標(biāo)讀者是打算提高英語水平的人。故選A【答案】AC26.D【解析】后我終于意識到了自己的問題所在。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第三句“Fifteenminutesshecameme,tellingmethatshewasunablefindtheInterneticon(圖標(biāo)).”（“Thistime,mymothersaidthatshewasunablefortheparticularrecipe.”（這次，母親說她查找不A【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“avoidbeingdisturbedagain,Idecidedfindtherecipefor”（為了并打印出來。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句第三句“WhenIwasyoung,mymotherenduredmyendlessquestions,第12頁共17頁enlighteningmewithmuchpatience.NowthatIamtherolesslowlyreverse.”（當(dāng)我小時候，母親容忍了親的態(tài)度，并站在母親的立場上考慮問題，說明了換位思考的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)。【答案】C28.D29.A30.B【解析】語音識別軟件的不斷發(fā)展值得人們的期待。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thecanalsoabasic“conversation”andhasearnedfameforelementarysenseofStill,thehumourpreprogrammedandcanbetriggeredonlywhenhumanuserscertainkey還可以進(jìn)行基本的對話”)對話時有幽默感，但是這些幽默都是預(yù)先編程的，所以，能夠完成預(yù)先編程好的對話。故選C【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Someexpertsworryaboutattachmentthesemachinesfearthattheartofsuccessfulhuman-to-humanconversationwillbeundevelopedyoungergenerations.(一些專家擔(dān)心人們對這些機(jī)器的依戀，并擔(dān)心成功的人與人對話的藝術(shù)在年輕一代中將得不到發(fā)展。)”可知，人們一旦對機(jī)器產(chǎn)生了依戀，那人與人對話的藝術(shù)在青年一代就可能得不到發(fā)展，分析選項(xiàng)可知，D項(xiàng)描述的現(xiàn)象與文中的擔(dān)心有關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Onesignificantrecentachievementthefieldoftalkingcomputersvirtualpersonalassistantsmobilephones.Ifyoutellamobilephonethatwantschedulealunchwithafriend,cansettheappointmentyourphoneseconds.(在會說話的計算機(jī)領(lǐng)域，最近取得的一項(xiàng)重大成就是手機(jī)上的虛擬個人助理（您想與朋友安排午餐，它可以在幾秒鐘內(nèi)在您的手機(jī)中設(shè)置約會?！笨芍?，語音識別系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)，給人們帶來了一些便利，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Whilethepotentialfor“real”communicationbetweenahumanamachinemayseemexciting,thispossibilityconcernssomepeople.(雖然人與機(jī)器之間真正通信的潛力似乎令人興奮，但這種可能性會使一些人擔(dān)憂?！币约跋挛闹兄v述的一些由語音識別技術(shù)產(chǎn)生的擔(dān)憂問題可知，盡管人機(jī)交流的潛力令人興奮，但是這也會使得人們產(chǎn)生一些擔(dān)憂，由此可以判斷，該文目的是告知讀者技術(shù)的雙面特點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Thetechnologyforspeech-recognitionsystemshasadvancedgreatlysinceappearancethe1950s.Manyvoicesystemsunderstandthelanguagewhenspokenatanormalconversationalrate.(自1950年代出現(xiàn)以來，語音識別系統(tǒng)技術(shù)取得了長足的進(jìn)步。許多語音系統(tǒng)在以正常的會話速率說話時可以理解該語言。)”以及下文中講述的語音識別系統(tǒng)的一些弊端，以及語音識別技術(shù)引發(fā)的一些問第13頁共17頁題，和最后一段中對語音識別系統(tǒng)開發(fā)的期待，可以判斷全文均是講解的語音識別系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)信息，所以“與技術(shù)對話”符合文章內(nèi)容。故選B【答案】D32.C33.DB【解析】需要大家共同的努力?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上句“moredecadesthemovementhasmadeonlyslightprogress(然而，多年過去了，這一運(yùn)動只取得了微小的進(jìn)展”可知，傳統(tǒng)的訂閱模式依然很受歡迎。由此推知，劃線詞entrenched與popular(受歡迎的)意思相近。故選D?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ElsevierwantedtheLibrariespayfees:OneforpackageoflicensedjournalsandtheotherfortheuseofElsevier’sopenaccessmodel.UCLibrarieswantedthelicensedjournalsfeecovertheopenaccessfee;theyalsowantedopenaccessallUCresearchespublishedElsevierjournals.Whenthetwosidescouldn’tcometerms,theLibrarieswalked愛思唯爾希望圖書館支付兩筆費(fèi)用：一筆是它的授權(quán)期刊包，另一筆是使用愛思唯爾的開放獲取模式。加州大學(xué)圖書館希望授權(quán)期刊費(fèi)能覆蓋開放存取)”可推知，開放獲取模式收費(fèi)是UC圖書館和愛思唯爾談判失敗的核心問題。故選C。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“enoughacademicssupportopenaccess,thesystemcouldatippingpointbeyondwhichsubscriptionsnolongersignalprestige.Reachingthatpointwouldconsiderabletimeandefforts,butpossible.(然而，如果有足夠多的學(xué)者支持開放獲取，該系統(tǒng)可能會達(dá)到一個臨界點(diǎn)，超過這個臨界點(diǎn)，訂閱就不再意味著聲望。要達(dá)到這一點(diǎn)需要相當(dāng)長的時間和努力，但這是可能的)”可推知，建立一個真正的在線科學(xué)公共圖書館需要共同努力。故選D。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itwasthe1900sthatthejournalsystembecamethoroughlycommoditized(商品化).thetimebringbackroots.(直到20世紀(jì)，期刊系統(tǒng)才徹底商品化?，F(xiàn)在是時候讓它回歸本源了”可推知，作者對開放存取模式的態(tài)度是支持的。故選B。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題2分，共10分)【答案】F36.E37.G38.BC【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章解釋了生活中人們雖然不懂歌曲中歌詞，但人們一樣喜歡這些歌曲的原因?！?5題詳解】根據(jù)前文“FromFrenchelectronicK-popandSpanishjazz,commonforuslistensongswenecessarilyunderstand.”（從法國電子音樂到韓國流行音樂和西班牙爵士樂，我們經(jīng)常聽我們不一定能聽懂第14頁共17頁Sometimes,weevensingalongthemwithoutknowingthedictionarymeaningoflyrics.”（有時候，我們甚至不知道歌詞的字典意思言并不阻礙我們喜歡聽歌曲。選項(xiàng)“似乎不知道歌詞的語言并不能阻止我們喜歡一首歌。”切題，故選F?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“music,somethingabouttheappealofwordsassounds,beyondmeaningalanguage.唱者的聲音的吸引力。下文“Thismightexplainwhywearefondofasongevenwithoutknowinglyrics.”歡一首歌。所以空處應(yīng)承上啟下，講述人們在聽外文歌曲的時候，是在享受聲音而不是聽歌詞。選項(xiàng)E.“所以，當(dāng)我們聽一首外國歌曲時，我們喜歡的是歌詞的聲音，而不是歌詞。”切題，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Oneexampleofsuchtechniquesscale(音階).Songsmajorscalesbrighterorwhileminorscalesusuallysounddarkeror”（這種技巧的一個例子是音階。大音階的歌曲更愉快或表達(dá)。因而空處應(yīng)表述某些技巧會用在音樂中來表達(dá)情緒和信息。選項(xiàng)G.“一些音樂技巧和元素也可以幫助傳達(dá)特定的情緒和信息?！鼻蓄}，故選G?！?8題詳解】結(jié)合前文“Ourbrainwiredrespondacertainsound,ourbreathingevenourmovementgowithsoundwe”（我們的大腦會對特定的聲音做出反應(yīng)，我們的呼吸，甚至我們的動作都會隨著我們聽到Besides,elementsofandmusic,likepitch,melodyoralsohaveanaffective,emotional,evenphysicalimpactonlisteners.”（此外，聲音和音樂元素，如音高，旋律或和聲，也會對聽眾的情感，情緒，甚至身體都會影對人們的行為影響的一個具體表現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)B.“這就是為什么快節(jié)奏的音樂在跑步中如此流行?！北砻魅藗儠Y(jié)合快節(jié)奏的音樂調(diào)整自己的動作，切題，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“arepowerfultoolsforhelpingusrecognise,expressreflectouremotions.”（歌詞是幫助忽視。選項(xiàng)C.“當(dāng)然，這并不是忽視歌詞在音樂中的重要性?！鼻蓄}，故選C。第三部分：書面表達(dá)共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)共4小題第、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)【答案】Overthinkinganunhealthyhabitthattypicallycausesmorestressbyfocusingonthenegativeinsteadofcomingupwithlogicalsolutions.第15頁共17頁41.Thisoftenduecognitiveerrors,whicharebasicallyerrorslogicalthinking,suchasall-or-nothingthinkingandovergeneralisation.42.Amancanstopoverthinkinghechanges“whatif”questions“ifthen”statements,becausehelpshimontheworst-casesituation.Whilehavingthoughtsnormal,becomesaproblemwhenw