2023年大英四級模擬題第套試題

2023-2023-2大學(xué)英語四級模擬題第一套PartOneWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceofreadingliterature.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension

(25minutes)SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.1.A)Arockethasbeensuccessfullylaunched.

B)Therewasarockethittingthemoon.

C)Adeepdarkholeappearedonthemoon’sSouthPole.

D)TherewasanamazingfindingmadebyLRO.2.A)Someformofwaterexistedonthemoon.B)Thewateronthemoonwasasmuchasinthedesert.

C)Therewasalotofrocketremainingonthemoonsurface.D)Alargeareahasbeenaffectedbytherocket.Questions3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.3.A)Babies. B)Oldmen. C)Youngmen. D)Doctors.4.A)Becausetheirbabiesareparticularlyweak.B)Becausethefluvaccinesaretoodifficulttoreach.C)Becausethefluvaccinescanbelifesavingforthem.D)Becausethisisthedecisionmadebythecommittee.Questions5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.5.A)Alightningstrikestartedthefire.B)TheGreatOceanRoadattractedmanytourists.C)TrafficwasverybusyonChristmasDay.D)Residentswereforcedtoleavetheirhomes.6.A)Thehotandwindyweathermightexpandbushfires.

B)Therewillbeastrongearthquake.C)TheirhomesweredestroyedbythefiresonChristmasDay.D)Thetemperatureswillfalldownsoon.7.A)OnChristmasDay. B)OnDecember19th.C)Inwinter. D)Onawindyday.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.ConversationOne

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Tomakethemanfeelhappy.

B)Topersuadethemantoshopwithhiskids.

C)ToconvincethemanChristmasisworthspending.

D)Topreventthemanfromspendingtoomuchshopping.9.A)AtaChristmasparty. B)NotlongbeforeChristmas.C)AttheNewYear’sEve.

D)OnsomedayofApril.10.A)Expectation. B)Complaint.

C)Enjoyment. D)Indifference.11.A)PayingoffChristmasbills. B)Tryingtoearnmoremoney.C)PreparingforChristmas. D)Limitinghiswife’sexpense.ConversationTwo

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.

A)Hedoesn’tfeellikedoingit. B)Hethinksitdoesn’tsuithim.C)Itwilltaketoomuchtime. D)Itisnotfunnyatall.13.

A)Gohillwalking. B)Goswimming. C)Gocycling. D)Dineout.14.

A)Ithasexistedforalongtime.

B)Itenjoysverygoodbusiness.C)TheowneroftherestaurantisanItalian. D)Itislocatedonabusystreet.15.A)Hecannotgetthemealreadysoearly.

B)Hedidn’twanttogetatablehimself.C)Hethinksit’stooearlytohavelunch. D)Hehastogoandseearelativebeforethen.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOne

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.

A)Cheapclothes. B)Expensiveclothes. C)Fashionableclothes. D)Casualclothes.17.

A)Theyenjoyloudmusic.

B)Theyseldomlosetheirtemper.C)Theywanttohavechildren. D)Theyenjoymoderndances.18.A)Thespeakergoestobedverylateandhersistergetsupearly.B)Thespeaker’stwinsisteroftenbringsfriendshomeandhisannoysher.C)Thespeakerlikestokeepthingsneatwhilehertwinsisterdoesn’t.

D)Theycan’tagreeonthecoloroftheroomandfurniture.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Thegreatnumberofpeopleengagedincigaretteproducing.B)Therapiddevelopmentofcigarette-makingmachines.C)Therapiddevelopmentofcigarette-makingfactories.D)Theincreasingoutputoftobacco.20.A)Forty-three. B)Thirty-one.C)Seventy-five. D)Forty-six.21.A)Income,yearsofschoolingandjobtype.B)Familybackgroundandworkenvironment.C)Educationandmood.D)Occupationandinfluenceoffamilymembers.22.A)Citypeoplesmokelessthanpeoplelivingonfarms.B)Better-educatedmentendtosmokemoreheavilythanothermen.C)Better-educatedwomentendtosmokemoreheavilythanotherwomen.D)Awell-paidmanislikelytosmokemorepacksofcigarettesperday.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Thespeedandjourneyofthefastestrocketsoaringtothesun.B)Thebrightnessofthesunanditsdistancefromtheearth.C)Thesizeandheatofthesuncomparedwithotherstars.D)Thetotalheatandtimeacolumnoficeneedstomelt.24.A)93milliondegreesCentigrade. B)10,000degreesFahrenheit.C)10,000degreesCentigrade. D)Over2,000degreeFahrenheit.25.A)Thesuncastsitslighttomillionsofotherstars.B)Mostofthesun’sheatandlightarereceivedontheearth.C)Moreresourcesfromthesunwillmaketheearthevenprosperous.D)Appropriateamountofheatandlightmakeslifeontheearthpossible.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections: Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Pearlsarevaluablewhitegemsfromtheocean.Actuallytheyareproducedbyoysters,smallshellfishlivingonthebottomoftheocean.Onlysomeoysterswillmakepearls.Oysters26_____pearlsonlywhentheyarehurt,orinjured,bysand.Ifagrainofsandenterstheoyster'sshell,itbecomes27_____becausetheroughgrainofsandirritatesits28______,softskin.Theoystertriestoprotectitselfbyproducingawhite29______thatlookslikemilk.Theoystercoversthesandwitha30______fluidwhichprotectsitself.Laterthewhiteliquidbecomeshardandformsashell,orabead,aroundthesand.Atthistimeapearlisbeginningto31_____.Thewhitepearlgrowsslowlyinsidetheoyster'sshell.Usually,ittakesaboutsixorsevenyearsfortheoystertoproduceapearl.Ofcourse,notalloystersproducepearlseventhoughmostoysters32_____takesandintotheirshells.Onlysandwhichtheoystercannotgetridofwill33______it.Inotherwords,ifanoyster"swallows"somesand,itwilltryto"splititout".Iftheoystercannotgetridofthesand,thenitwillproducethewhitefluidtoprotectitself.34______,onlyaboutoneinathousandoysterswillproduceapearl;fewerthan1percent.35______,somepearlmanufacturershavediscoveredhowtomakeoystersproducepearls.Thesepearlmanufacturers—suchastheMikimotoCompanyinJapan—trytoproducepearlsinsteadoffindingthem.A)HoweverB)ThereforeC)produceD)hurtE)ActuallyF)roughG)smoothH)liquidI)solidJ)milkyK)formL)irritateM)occasionallyN)composeO)harmSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.WritethecorrespondingletterforeachstatementonAnswerSheet2.No,Seriously:NoExcusesIntheearlydaysoftheeducationreformmovement,adecadeorsoago,you'doftenhearfromreformersapowerfulrallyingcry,"Noexcuses."Fortoolong,theysaid,povertyhadbeenusedasanexcusebycomplacent(自滿的)educatorsandbureaucratswhorefusedtobelievethatpoorstudentscouldachieveathighlevels.Reform-mindedschoolleaderstooktheoppositeapproach,insistingthatstudentsintheSouthBronxshouldbeheldtothesamestandardsaskidsinScarsdale.Amazinglyenough,thosehighexpectationsoftenpaidoff,producingtestresultsatsomelow-incomeurbanschoolsthatwouldimpressparentsinanyaffluentsuburb,B.Tenyearslater,youmightthinkthatreformerswouldbefeelingtriumphant.SpurredinpartbytheObamaadministration'sRacetotheTopinitiative,manystateshavepassedlawsreformershavelongadvocated:allowingformorecharterschools,weakeningteachers'tenure(終生職位)protections,compensatingteachersinpartbasedontheirstudentsperformance.Butinfact,themoodinthereformcampseemsincreasinglyanxiousanddefensive.C.Lastmonth,DianeRavitch,aneducationscholarwhohasemergedasthemostpotentcriticofthereformmovement,wroteanOpEdforthisnewspaperarguingthatraisinghighpovertyschoolstoconsistentlyhighlevelsofproficiencyismuchmoredifficultandlesscommonthanreformersmakeitouttobe.Whenpoliticiansholdupspecificschoolsinlowincomeneighborhoodsassuccessstories,Ravitchwrote,thosesuccessesoftenturnout,oncloserexamination,tobelessspectacularthantheyappear.ShementionedtheBruceRandolphSchoolinDenver,whichPresidentObamasingledoutasanexampleof"whatgoodschoolscando,"andtheUrbanPrepAcademyinChicago'sEnglewoodneighborhood.Eachschoolgraduatesaveryhighpercentageofitsseniors,but,Ravitchsaid,testscoresatthoseschoolssuggestedthatstudentswerebelowaverageinthebasicacademicskillsnecessaryforsuccessincollegeandinlife.D.Thebacklash(劇烈反映)wasquickandintense.DuncansaidthatRavitchwas"insultingallofthehardworkingteachers,principalsandstudentsallacrossthecountrywhoareprovingherwrongeveryday."JonathanAlter,acolumnistforBloombergView,wrotethatshewas"slimingreformers"andlater,whenheandRavitchappearedtogetheronaDenverradioshow,accusedherof"abusingstatistics"inheranalysisoftheschoolsachievementtestscores.E.TheBruceRandolphschool,Alterexplained,"shouldnotbecomparedtootherColoradoschoolsinaffluentneighborhoods";toconsiderRandolph'sscoresalongsidethoseofwhite,middleclassschoolswaslike"comparingapplesandoranges."Instead,heargued,theschoolshouldbejudgedonthe"stunning"factthatitsninthgradewritingproficiencyrateshaddoubledsince2023,improvingto15percentoftheclassfrom7percent,andthatitsninthgrademathproficiencyrateshadrisento14percentoftheclassfrom5percent.F.Aweeklater,thefounderofUrbanPrep,TimKing,tooktotheHuffingtonPosttodefendhisschoolagainstRavitch'scharges.Kingacknowledgedthatjust17percentofhis11thgradestudentspassedthestatewideachievementtestlastyear,whileintheChicagopublicschoolsasawhole,thecomparablefigurewas29percent.ButechoingAlter'sfruitmetaphor,hewrotethatRavitchwascomparing"applestograpefruits"byholdingthestudentsatUrbanPrep,whoarealmostallblackmalesfromlow-incomefamilies,tothestandardsof"childrenfromallacrossChicago."Q.Topointouttheobvious:Theseareexcuses.Infact,theyaretheverysameexcusesforfailurethattheeducationreformmovementwasfoundedtooppose.(Ifearlyreformersbelievedinanything,itwasthateverystudentisanapple.)Andnotonlyaretheyexcuses;theyaren'tevenparticularlypersuasiveones.Byanyreasonablemeasure,studentsatBruceRandolpharedoingverybadly.TheaverageACTscoreatRandolphlastyearwas14,thesecondlowestaverageofanyhighschoolinDenver,placingstudentsinthebottom10percentofACTtesttakersnationwide.Inthemiddleschool,compositescoresonstatetestsputstudentsatthefirstpercentile(百分位)inreadingandwriting(meaningthatat99percentofColoradoschools,studentsarescoringbetter,andatthefifthpercentileinmath.AsforUrbanPrep:demographicdatashowthattheschool'sstudentsarenot,infact,disadvantagedgrapefruitsamongwelltodoappleswhencomparedwiththecity'sstudentpopulationasawhole;84percentofitsstudentsarelowincomeand99.8percentarenonwhite,whileinChicagopublicschools,86percentofstudentsarelowincomeand91percentarenonwhite.H.Wecanquibble(推托)aboutfruitallday,butamoreproductiveresponsewouldbetorecommittotheprinciplethat15(or17)percentproficiencyjustisn'tgoodenough,nomatterwhereyoulive.Toacknowledgethisfactisnottosaythatreformisdoomed;itisnotblamingstudentsorinsultingteachers.Itismerelyremindingourselvesthatthe83percentof11thgradestudentsatUrbanPrepwhodidn'tpassthestateexam,andthe85percentof9thgradestudentsatBruceRandolphwhodidn'tpassthestatewritingtest,deservebetter.I.Sowhyaresomereformersresortingtoexcuses?Mostlikelyforthesamereasonthaturbaneducatorsfromanearliergenerationmadeexcuses:successfullyeducatinglargenumbersoflowincomekidsisvery,veryhard.Butitisnotimpossible,asreformershaverepeatedlydemonstratedonasmallscale.Toachievesystemwidesuccess,though,weneedashiftinstrategy.J.Thereformerspolicygoalsare,inmostcases,quiteworthy.Yes,contractsshouldberenegotiatedsothatthebestteachersaregivenincentives(激勵(lì)，鼓勵(lì))toteachinthepoorestschools,andyes,schoolsystemsshouldextendtheschooldayandschoolyearforlowincomestudents,asmanysuccessfulcharterschoolshavedone.Butthesechangesarenotnearlysufficient.AsPaulReville,theMassachusettssecretaryofeducation,wroterecentlyinEducationWeek,traditionalreformstrategies"willnot,onaverage,enableustoovercomethebarrierstostudentlearningposedbytheconditionsofpoverty."Reformersalsoneedtotakeconcretestepstoaddressthewholerangeoffactorsthatholdpoorstudentsback.Thatdoesn'tmeansittingaroundhopingforUtopiansocialchange.Itmeanssupplementingclassroomstrategieswithtargeted,evidencebasedinterventionsoutsidetheclassroom:workingintensivelywiththemostdisadvantagedfamiliestoimprovehomeenvironmentsforyoungchildren;providinghighqualityearlychildhoodeducationtochildrenfromtheneediestfamilies;and,onceschoolbegins,providinglowincomestudentswitharobustsystemofemotionalandpsychologicalsupport,aswellasacademicsupport.K.Schoolreformersoftenportraytheseeffortsasadistractionfromtheiragenda—somethingforsomeoneelsetotakecareofwhiletheydotherealworkofwrestlingwiththeteachersunions.Butinfact,thesestrategiesareessentialtothesuccessoftheschoolreformmovement.Pretendingtheyarenotisjustanotherkindofexcuse.36.InChicagopublicschools,thepercentageoflow-incomestudentsishigherthanthatofUrbanPrep.37.Toacknowledgethat15(or17)percentproficiencyjustisn'tgoodenoughisremindingourselvesthatthosewhodidn'tpassthestateexamdeservebetter.38.Thosestrategiesforhelpinglowincomesoutareessentialtothesuccessoftheschoolreformmovement.39.Urbaneducatorsfromanearliergenerationmadeexcusesthatsuccessfullyeducatinglargenumbersoflowincomekidsisveryhardbutnotimpossible.40.TheninthgrademathproficiencyratesofBruceRandolphSchoolhadrisenby9percent.41.DianeRavitchwaschargedwith"abusingstatistics"onaDenverradioshow.42.Reformersneedtoprovidelowincomestudentswitharobustsystemofemotional,psychologicalsupportsandacademicsupport.43.DianeRavitchthoughtthatraisinghigh-povertyschoolstoconsistentlyhighlevelsofproficiencyismuchmoredifficultandlesscommonthanwhatreformersexpect.44.ThestudentsatUrbanPreparealmostallblackmalesfromlowincomefamilies.45.Allowingformorecharterschools,weakeningteachers'tenureprotectionsandcompensatingteachersinpartbasedontheirstudents'performancearelong-termgoalsforreformers.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.WhatdoesthetypicalAmericanorCanadianusuallyeat?MostpeoplethinkthatthetypicalNorthAmericandietconsistsoffastfoods—hamburgersandFrenchfries.Italsoincludesconveniencefoods,usuallyfrozenorcanned,"junkfood",withoutmuchfoodvalue—candy,potatochips,cerealwithlotsofsugarbutnovitamins—andsoon.Thisdietisveryhighinsugar,salt,fat,andcholesterol(膽固醇)andthechoiceoffooddoesnotprovidemuchgoodnutrition.However,eatinghabitsarechanging.NorthAmericansarebecomingmoreinterestedingoodhealth,andnutritionisanimportantpartofhealth.Peopleareeatinglessredmeatandfewereggs,andtheyareeatingmorechickenandfish.Theyknowthatchickenandfisharebetterfortheirhealththanmeatoreggsbecausethesefoodsdonotcontainmuchfatorcholesterol.Somefoodsmightcausehealthproblems,andpeoplewanttostayawayfromthem.Forhealthreasons,manypeoplearealsobuyingmorefreshvegetables.Theymayeatthemwithoutcookingthemfirst,ortheymightcookthemquicklyinverylittlewaterbecausetheywanttokeepthevitamins.The"typical"NorthAmericandietnowincludesfoodfrommanydifferentcountries.MoreethnicrestaurantsareopeninginbigcitiesintheUnitedStatesandCanada.FoodsfromJapan,Thailand,Mexico,WestAfrica,China,andIndiaareverypopular.Howarewegoingtoeatinthefuture?Wewillprobablycontinuetoeatmorefishandvegetablesandlessmeat.Wewillstillbuyconveniencefoods,butfrozenfoodswillbebetterforourhealth,andcannedfoodswillhavelesssaltandsugar.Our"junkfood"inthefutureisnotreallygoingtobe"junk"atall,becauseinsteadofcandybarswearegoingtoeat"nutritionbars"withalotofvitaminsandprotein.Inthefuture,ourdietwillprobablybeevenmoreinterestingandhealthfulthanitisnow.46.Whatdoes“junkfood”referto?A)Thefoodwhichcanbeservedfast. B)Thefoodwhichcookswell.C)Thefoodwhichisshortofnutrition. D)Thefoodwhichcontainslesssugar.47.NorthAmericansarechangingtheireatinghabitsbecausenow______.A)theyarepayingmoreattentiontofoodnutritionB)theycanproducemorechickenandfishC)foodpricesarebecominghigherandhigherD)foodproblemsarebecomingmoreandmoreserious48.WhateatinghabitaresomeNorthAmericansgettinginto?A)Eatingfreshvegetablesandfruitsonly.B)Eatingmorerawfreshvegetables.C)Eatingfoodfullofvitamins.D)Eatingoutindifferentforeignrestaurants.49.WhatwillhappentothefoodsinNorthAmericainthefuture?A)Moreconvenientfoodswillbeproduced.B)Thecannedfoodswillbewithoutsaltandsugar.C)The"junkfood"willnolongerexist.D)Thedietwehavewillbeallhealthful.50.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A)DifferentEatingHabits B)ThePopularWesternFoodsC)FoodsinNorthAmerica D)ChangesinDietofNorthAmericansPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.FormanyAfricanpeople,lifechangeddramaticallyinrecentyears.ThisisespeciallytruefartheTuaregpeopleofnorth-centralAfrica.Historically,theTuaregsledthelifeofnomads(游牧民),peoplewithoutpermanenthome.TheytraveledacrosstheSaharaDesertincaravans(商隊(duì))ofcamels,carryinggoodsbetweenArabAfricainthenorthandblackAfricainthesouth.TheTuaregswerealight-skinnedBerberpeople,withacultureandlanguageoftheirown.Europeanscalledthemthe"bluemen"ofthedesertbecausetheydressedallinblue,eventheirshoes.Theywerewellknownfortheirgreatskillinfindingtheirwayacrosstheopendesertwiththeonlystarstoguidethem.Theywerealsoknownfortheirindependentspirit.Infact,theylovedthenomadwayoflife.Nationalbordershadnomeaningfortheminthedesert.Duringtheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,AfricawasdividedupandruledbyvariousEuropeancountries,butthisdidnotaffecttheTuaregs,whocontinuedtomovefreely.Inthemiddle-twentiethcentury,however,therewerebigchangesinAfrica.Inmanycountries,blackAfricansbegantobreakfreeofEuropeanruleandsetuptheirowngo