【語法】倒裝句詳細講解-之二課件

GrammarInversion--倒裝句GrammarInversion--倒裝句11.倒裝句的定義

英語最基本的詞序是主語在謂語動詞的前面。如果把謂語動詞放在主語前面，就叫做倒裝.Inversionisthechangingoftheorderofthewordsinthesentence.1.倒裝句的定義

英語最基本的詞序是主語在22.

倒裝句的構成

a)完全倒裝b)部分倒裝

Incametheheadmaster,followedbyagroupofteachers.

將句子的主語和謂語完全顛倒過來，稱之為完全倒裝。Seldom

havewefeltascomfortableashere.只將助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞移至主語之前，謂語的其他部分仍保留在主語的后面，稱之為部分倒裝。

2.

倒裝句的構成

a)完全倒裝

Incameth3

1)句首狀語引起完全倒裝

（1）“here（there，now，then,thus,first,next）+不及物動詞+主語”(2)以out，in，up，down，away,back,off,inside,outside,

Thus,high,low等副詞開頭的句子里，以表示強調。①車來了。

Here_________________②鈴響了。

There_________________③該你的了。Now__________________④孩子們出去了。

Out__________________comesthebus.goesthebell.comesyourturn.wentthechildren.Theywentout.Herehecomes.注意:當代詞做主語時，主謂語序不變,不倒裝。⑤他們出去了.⑥他來了。

1)句首狀語引起完全倒裝

（1）“here（there，n4Higherandhigher_____andthenthekitewasoutofsight.A.flewitB.diditflyC.itflewD.wasitflyingHigherandhigher_____andthe5（3）當句首狀語為表示地點的介詞詞組時，也常常引起全部倒裝

①城南有個大型鋼鐵廠。Southofthecity

liesabigsteelfactory.②這些東西里有圣誕樹、花兒、蠟燭和玩具Amongthegoods

isChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.。（3）當句首狀語為表示地點的介詞詞組時，也常常引起全部倒裝

6(4)表+主+….Gone

arethedayswhentheChinesepeoplewereonlyslaves.

Seatedontheground

areagroupofyoungpeople.

Standingbesidethetable

wasantranslator.

Presentatthemeeting

weremanyguests.(4)表+主+….7*當句首狀語為不表示地點的介詞詞組時，引起部分倒裝

Onthebackwallhungapictureofmyfamily.Underatreesataprettygirl.Besidemesattwostudents.Inthiswaycanweexplainthematter.*當句首狀語為不表示地點的介詞詞組時，引起部分倒裝

8（5）完全倒裝用于句型“There+live/lie/stand/exist/remain/be

/seemtobe/happentobe/usedtobe/oughtbe/mustbe/can’tbe)+主語”Therestandsatalltreeinfrontoftheclassroom.（5）完全倒裝用于句型“There+live/lie/st92）部分倒裝

（1）用于so/as，nor，neither開頭的句子，表示重復前句部分內容，原句的謂語應與前句謂語的時態(tài)、形式相一致

①他去過北京，我也去過。HehasbeentoBeijing.So/AshaveI.②李威回答不了這個問題，我也不能。LiWeican'tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.2）部分倒裝

（1）用于so/as，nor，neither10如果謂語動詞既有肯定又有否定，或謂語動詞有多種形式，用soitiswith結構．-------Icaughtthefirstbus,Iamnotlateforwork.-------Soitiswithhim.注：有時為表示對上文情況的肯定和確認，用正常語序表“確實如此”-------HecanspeakgoodEnglish.-------Sohecan.如果謂語動詞既有肯定又有否定，或謂語動詞有多種形式，用so11---Heworkshard.----_________and_________.A.Sohedoes…..sodoeshisbrother.B.Sodoeshe…..sohisbrotherdoes.C.Sohedoes…sohisbrotherdoes.D.Sodoeshe….sodoeshisbrother.---Heworkshard.12

用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,often,no,neither,

nor,few,atnotime,nowhere,invai徒勞notonce等詞放在句首的句子。

〈１〉我再也不會這么做了。Never

NevershallIdothisagain.〈２〉他不太知道那個女的是誰。Little

Little

didheknowwhothewomanwas.（2）用于否定詞或短語開頭的句型中

用于never,hardly,seldom,scar132)含有否定意義的一些副詞，如hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,rarely,never,not/no/neither/nor/few/nowhere/invain（徒勞)等位于句首時，引起部分倒裝。還有一些表示否定意義的介詞短語位于句首時，句子也要求用倒裝結構，常見的這類介詞短語都還有“no”,如，atnotime,innocase,bynomeans,innoway,under/innocircumstance等。innoway/case=onnooccasion=bynomeans=onnoaccount=in/undernocircumstances(決不）2)含有否定意義的一些副詞，如hardly,scarce14如，a)UndernocircumstancesshallIchangemyattitudetowardsbeauty.

無論如何我都不會改變自己對美的態(tài)度。

b)Atnotimeandinnocircumstancesshouldthefiredoorsofthebuildingeverbelocked.

無論什么時候，什么情況下，建筑物的消防通道們都不能鎖上。c)NotasinglemistakedidImake.d)Invain(無結果的，徒然)didItrytochangehismind.f)Seldomdoessheshowherfeelings,evenwhensheissaid..如，a)Undernocircumstancessh15（(3).用于nosooner…than…，hardly…when,scarcely…when;

notuntil,

notonly…butalso,neither…nor…的句型中。

我剛到她就走了.HardlyhadIarrived

whensheleft．Nosooner

hadIarrived

thansheleft.（(3).用于nosooner…than…，hardly16“一…就…”,“剛剛….就“句型中，表示一件事情緊接著另一件事情發(fā)生。HardlyScarcely+倒裝句(過完)+when+陳述句(過去)barelyNosooner+倒裝句(過完)+than+陳述句(過去)Hardly/scarcely/barelyhadhearrivedatthestationwhenthetrainbegantoleave.NosoonerhadIgoneoutthanhecametoseeme.“一…就…”,“剛剛….就“句型中，表示一件事情173)含notuntil

的強調句，如果notuntil位于句首，句子要求用倒裝結構，如果是主從復合句，倒裝結構出現(xiàn)在主句中。如，a)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidtheresidentsrealizehowseriousthewaterpollutionwas.b)Notuntilthendidhecometorealizehowseriousthesituationwas.c)Notuntilitwasdark,didwearriveatthevillage.3)含notuntil的強調句，如果notunti18直到老師來了，他才寫完作業(yè)。Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.Notuntil+陳述句/時間狀語+倒裝句Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.NotuntilyesterdaydidIlearnit.(當Notuntil引出主從復合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝直到老師來了，他才寫完作業(yè)。19Notonly+倒裝句+but(also)+陳述句Notonlydidweloseourmoney,butalso

we

cameclosetolosingourlives.【語法】倒裝句詳細講解-之二ppt課件20注：主句部分倒裝，從句不倒裝；并列連詞連接主語成分時，句子不倒裝。

Notonly

couldshetypebutalsoshecouldoperatethecomputer.Hardly

hadhegotonthebuswhenheheardashout.Neitherinschoolnorathomedidheeverwashhisclothes.Notonlychildrenbutalsogrown-upsareinterestedincartoon.注：主句部分倒裝，從句不倒裝；并列連詞連接主語成分時，句子不21（4）用于only開頭的句子（only后面跟副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句）?！?〉就是在今天下午我才看完這本小說。Onlythisafternoon

didIfinishthenovel.〈2〉只有在他告訴我的時候，我才知道他的麻煩

Onlywhenhetoldme

didIrealizewhattroublehewasin.。（4）用于only開頭的句子（only后面跟副詞、介詞短語或22OnlythenwasIconsciousofmymistake.Onlywhenyouare18,canyouenjoythecivilrights.OnlywithhardworkcanyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlythendidshelearnaboutthetruthofhisleavingtheposition..Only修飾主語時不要求倒裝。OnlyIcanfinishthistask.Onlyheknowsthetruth.【語法】倒裝句詳細講解-之二ppt課件23注：only修飾主語時不引起倒裝Only

doctorcansavehim.OnlyIknowthefact.注：only修飾主語時不引起倒裝24當否定詞Not,Notonly,Little,Few等用來限制主語時,否定詞即使位于句首時,也不倒裝.Notevery

horsecanrunfast.Notonlyhebutalsohisbrotherwasindebt.Few

peopleknowit.Little

waterisleft.當否定詞Not,Notonly,Little,Few25

（5）用于“形容詞（或名詞、動詞）+as（though）引導的讓步狀語從句中”

①盡管她很漂亮，可她不聰明。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.②盡管他可以試一試，他還會掉下來。Tryashecould,hemightfallagain.注意:如果從句的表語是名詞，其名詞前不加任何冠詞(零冠詞)〈1〉盡管他還是個孩子，他不得不去謀生。Child

ashewas,hehadtomakealiving.

（5）用于“形容詞（或名詞、動詞）+as（though）引26

形容詞名詞+as/though+主語＋動詞副詞分詞

動詞+as+主語+助動詞

27Oldas/thoughheis,heisfullofenergy．=Thoughheisold,……….=Heisold,buthe…..Scientistasheis,hewantstolearnmoreMuchasshelikeit,shewon’tbuyit.Tryas/thoughhewould,hemightfailagain.Childas/thoughhewas,hehadtomakea

living.Oldas/thoughheis,heisful28(6)

程度副詞位于句首So,Such

Often,Well,Long,Manyatime,Nowandthen,

Tosuchaextent/degree/length/so+adj./adv.+部分倒裝such+(adj,)+n.+部分倒裝(6)程度副詞位于句首29Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Somanyquestionsdidtheyaskmethatlgotconfused.

Suchheavystones

weretheythathecouldhardlyliftedthem.Such

wastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Soloudlydidhespeakthatev30Often

did

I

tellhimnottomaketrouble.Well

dolrememberthedayswhenwewereatschooltogether.Longdidwewaitbeforewereceivedaletterfromhim.Manyatimehavetheytriedthatexperiment.【語法】倒裝句詳細講解-之二ppt課件31(7)用于某些表示祝愿的句子也要用倒裝。Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！LongliveChina!中國萬歲Mayyourcountrygrowprosperousandstrong.LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina(7)用于某些表示祝愿的句子也要用倒裝。32（8）用于省略if的虛擬條件狀語從句

Hadyou(not)reviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.

Werehetogivealectureinourschool,Iwouldletyouknow.

Shouldhegiveupsmoking,hisillnesswouldbecuredbeforelong.【語法】倒裝句詳細講解-之二ppt課件33虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。條件從句If

從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來過去(were)過去完成時1.過去時2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might

+V.（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.would/could/should/might+V.（原）虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。條件從句If從句的謂語形式34(9).在省略if的虛擬條件句中，(若從句中有系動詞were,助動詞had,和情態(tài)動詞should時,可以不用if，而將從句中的這些詞和主語顛倒形成部分倒裝.)Were/should/had+subject+(not)othersIflwereTom,lwouldrefuse.=WerelTom,lwouldrefuse.(9).在省略if的虛擬條件句中，(若從句中有系動詞w35Werelyou,lwouldgototheconcertwithyou.=Iflwereyou,Shoulditraintomorrow,lwould/shouldstayathome,.=Ifitraintomorrow,……….Hadyoucomeyesterday,youmighthaveseemhim.=Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,……Werelyou,lwouldgotothe36(10).特殊結構的讓步狀語從句，Be或者動詞原形位于句首，相當于讓步狀語從句be+主語+everso+adj無論怎樣如，Beamaneversoclever,heknowsnothingifhedoesn’tlearn.無論一個人有多聰明，不學習就什么都不知道。be+主語+AorB無論是A還是BBehefriendorenemy,thelawregardedhimasacriminal.動詞+wh--+will/may無論Comewhatmay,wemustremainoptimistic.=Whatevermaycome,wemustremainoptimistic.(10).特殊結構的讓步狀語從句，37倒裝結構訓練倒裝結構訓練38典型例題

Nosooner_______thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun典型例題39典型例題--DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?--Idon'tknow,_____.A.nordon'tIcare B.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneither D.Idon'tcarealso典型例題40Mybrotherhadacoldlastweek,_________.

A.sohadI

B.sodidI

C.Ihadso

D.soIhad

BMybrotherhadacoldlastB412.Notuntil_________home__________hisparentshadbeenillforthreedays.

A.hegot;heknew

B.didheget;heknew

C.hegot;didheknow

D.didheget;didheknowC2.Notuntil_________home___423.Inhardlyanysituation________findhersad.

A.thatyoucan

B.thatcanyou

C.youcan

D.canyou

D3.Inhardlyanysituation____434.Bequick!_________.

A.Thebuscomeshere

B.Herecomesthebus

C.Thebusherecomes

D.Hereisthebuscoming

B4.Bequick!_________.

445.In________andthelessonbegan.

A.theteachercame

B.theteachercoming

C.cametheteacher

D.didtheteachercome

C5.In________andthelesson456.Onthewall_________twolargeportraits.

A.hangs

B.hang

C.hanged

D.hanging

B6.Onthewall_________two467.---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?

---Idon’tknow,_________.

A.nordon’tIcare

B.nordoIcare

C.Idon’tcareneither

D.neitherdon’tIcare

B7.---DoyouknowJimquarrel478.Onlywhen_________howimportantitistomasterEnglish.

A.didIworkIrealized

B.IworkeddidIrealize

C.didIworkdidIrealize

D.IworkedIrealized

B8.Onlywhen_________howB489._______inthedarknessthathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.

A.Sofrightenedhewas

B.Sofrightenedwashe

C.Hewasfrightenedso

D.Sohewasfrightened

B9._______inthedarknesstha4910._______,sheisstillasstrongasyou.A.Asoldsheis

B.Oldassheis

C.Assheisold

D.Asoldisshe

B10._______,shei