重難點01-3閱讀理解之說明文-2023年高考英語(新高考專用)(學生版)

重難點01-3閱讀理解之說明文-2023年高考英語【熱點?重點?難點】專練

（新高考專用）

命題趨勢

新高考閱讀理解兩年（2021-2022）之體裁和主題內容統(tǒng)計

年份語篇卷別體裁主題內容

I卷應用文文學概論課程評分辦法

A篇

n卷應用文兒童博物館團體游

1卷說明文以實際行動減少食物浪費

2022B篇

n卷記敘文新型閱讀體驗

新高

1卷新聞報道養(yǎng)雞提升老年人幸福感

考卷C篇

II卷說明文使用Textalyzer（短信監(jiān)控器）的技術來監(jiān)控司機在開車

I卷說明文飲食變化帶來發(fā)音變化

D篇II卷說明文鍛煉對于心臟的好處

I卷應用文羅馬的四個旅館

A篇

II卷應用文約克郡的四個活動

I卷記敘文介紹鋼琴翻頁的職業(yè)

B篇

2021II卷記敘文作者照顧老虎

新高

I卷說明文濕地破壞，保護環(huán)境

考卷

C篇

n卷記敘文捐資助學

I卷說明文情商是品質還是技能

D篇

II卷說明文機器人監(jiān)測牧牛的健康狀況

兩年閱讀理解考得最多的文體是“說明文”，其次為“記敘文”，再次為“應用文"，而“議論文”

則沒有涉及。在“三新（新課標新教材新高考）”背景下，2023年是否要考“議論文”體裁的閱讀理解，我

們將拭目以待。

從上述統(tǒng)計來看，說明文體裁今后仍將是高考閱讀理解的主打體裁。最近幾年，說明文的命題變化

不大，一直很穩(wěn)定，其選材通常是各學科的前沿問題；科技領域的最新科研成果（介紹最新科技、重大成

就、新產品、新工藝等）；人們比較關心的社會問題和令人好奇的自然現象：以及人文地理、風土人情等

等。

說明文體裁閱讀理解題的考查四種題型都有可能涉及到：細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、主旨大意題和

詞義猜測題。其中以細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題為主。

熱點解讀

說明文是對事物或事理進行客觀說明的一種文體，它以說明為主要表達方式，通過解說事物或闡明

事理，達到教人以知識的目的，在結構上看，說明文總體結構通常分為三個部分：說明對象、說明過程

和歸納總結；從段落組織方式上分，常見的有以下五種結構：總分式結構（總T分T總；總T分；分一總）；

并列式結構（段落之間是平行關系，并且相對獨立）；對照式結構（結構形式是“一正一反”）；遞進式結構（文

章各部分內容形成一層更進一層的形式）；連貫式結構（說明的各層次之間是按照事物發(fā)張過程來安排層次,

前后互相承接）。

說明文的特點是客觀、簡練、語言準確、明了，文章很少表達作者的感情傾向。閱讀說明文的重點

在于讀懂它說明的事物或事理，了解事物的性質、構造、成因、功能等，了解事理的含意、特點等。

說明文常見的說明方法有：定義與詮釋、舉例與引用、分類與圖表、比較與比喻和分析與綜合等。

了解說明文的寫作手法、說明方法，理清文章結構是解題的關鍵之一。

滿分技巧

1.快速瀏覽——整體把握說明對象

如果文章有標題那首先就要抓住文章的標題明確說明對象或是關注文章主題句、各段首末句明確說明

對象；其次可抓住文章的結構歸納說明對象。一般說明文往往都會圍繞一個主要問題或內容進行說明，

而有的說明文則需要我們把小說明點歸納起來，構成全文的說明對象。

2.先題再文——精準定位重點解讀

在對文章進行快速瀏覽之后，帶著題干再讀全文。閱讀時做到有的放矢、有所側重：明確說明對象、

把握說明順序、理清（段落間的）邏輯聯(lián)系和把握作者態(tài)度。邊讀邊將考查內容（主要是細節(jié)理解題和推理

判斷題）在原文中定位，然后重點解讀定位的幾個片段。

3.高效解讀——破長難句解重難詞

說明文的詞匯和句式的運用較別的體裁的文章難度更大。如何高效解讀關鍵在于破解長難句、解讀重

難詞（包括生詞和詞塊）的意義。

破解長難句：學會運用括號法分析長難句，把影響考生理解的各種從句、非謂語動詞短語以及復雜介

詞短語括起來，從而達到“去枝葉，留主干”的目的，進而準確理解句子含義。

解讀生詞義：說明文中的詞匯運用靈活，同一詞的不同詞性的用法交替出現，未列入考綱的生詞較多，

通常達到了4-5%都對考生的理解造成了極大的障礙。不過考生可以通過說明文的語言特點來幫助解讀生

詞義。例如可以利用原文中的“下定義、解釋、舉例、同義詞、反義詞、上下義詞以及標點符號（如破折

號、冒號都有表示解釋和說明）”等方法來解讀生詞義。另外考生要學會作出適當的放棄：無關大局的生

僻詞匯閱讀中經常會遇到一些生詞，如果這些生詞對理解全文沒有影響或影響不大就可略過。比如有許

多較長的表示人名、地名等的專有名詞，閱讀時可一掃而過或干脆用其首字母代替，不必試圖把整個專

有名詞解讀出來。

【經典考例1］（引用原題號，以下同）

（2022?新高考I卷B篇）Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula（芝麻

菜）wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriends

calledwithadinnerinvitation.1stuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Even

worse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,44foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,“as

ElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.Ifsjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrown

away-from"ugly”（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrown

intorestaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfood

wasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargest

producerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”

Ifthafshardtounderstand,let^keepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtin

seesmyarugulastoryallthetime——butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlast

days.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthy

meals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有

瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,and

freezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon'tthink."Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,

whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonot

includethesidedishyouwon'teat,“Curtinsays.

24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.

25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

26.WhatdoesCurtin'scompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.

C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.

27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

附錄：解題中需要關注的內容（僅供考生平時練習時參考）

一、篇章結構

第一段：

第二段：

第三段：

第四段：

第五段：

二、重難點詞

1.熟詞生義：

Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.

....from"ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishes

thrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.

CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitinto

healthymeals.

...collectingblemishedl有干段疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.

2.派生詞/合成詞：

Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;

Wewastefooduninlenlionallyattimes.

It9sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway.

3.重難點詞(塊)

freezev冷凍freezern.冰箱refrigeratorn.冰箱resourcen.資源

strawberryn.草莓donatev.捐贈donationn.捐贈purchasev.采購

consequencen.結果shortagen.短缺starvationn.饑餓consumptionn.消費，消耗

bemindfulof考慮到,想著gotowaste被浪費

roundout完成endupdoing最終做某事，以...結束

evenworse更糟糕的是adinnerinvitation請吃飯

gobad變質gohungry挨餓

goagainstmoralgrain違反道德準則garbagecans垃圾桶

anenvironmentalproblem環(huán)境問題greenhousegas溫室氣體

takedonations接受捐贈playapartin在中起作用

sidedish配菜，小菜paylittleattentionto不注意...

havegoodreasonsfor對某事有充足的理由make...outof…用制作

4.長難句析

@Ifsjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway-from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)

vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbage

cans.

②"iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesinthe

world.”

③“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryin

yourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon'teat."Curtin

says.

【經典考例2】

（2022?新高考I卷D篇）Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon"m"and

"a"totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?A

ground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatare

nowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas'f'

and"v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowateamofresearchersledby

DamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（對齊），makingit

hardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjaws

changedtoanoverbitestructure（結構），makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithic

period.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn'tgrow

tobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworld

languagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"F'and4V1increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousand

years.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeings

evolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincethe

appearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofa

complexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,saidStevenMoran,amemberofthe

researchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

DTheirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

附錄：具體解題技巧運用（僅供考生平時練習時參考）

本篇閱讀理解原文語言較為復雜，包含很多長難句和一些較生僻的詞匯，話題也不是為考生所非

常很熟悉，因而難度較大，但掌握一定的做題方法，可大大降低解題的難度。

一、快速瀏覽題干，圈出題干中的關鍵詞

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi'sresearchfocuson?

【技巧點撥】

33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

【技巧點撥】

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

【技巧點撥】

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

【技巧點撥】

二、第一遍閱讀，需要特別關注以下內容

1.關注文章的主旨

根據第一段未句可知主旨大意：Aground-breakfive-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesin

humanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

2.關注每段重點句

第二段一共兩句。

第一句：

第二句：

第三段也是兩句。

第一句：

第二句：

第四段主題句為首句：Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopment

ofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.

笫五段主題句為首句：Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchange

inthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage.

第六段主題句為首句：Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswere

presentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.

三、根據題干關鍵詞再次閱讀，精準定位

1限時檢測

（題目序號：高考真題用原序號，其余題目仿新高考閱揍理解D篇）

每篇答題時間不超過6分鐘

Passage1

（2022?新高考II卷C篇）Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublic

servicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyare

behindthewheel.

Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhile

driving,aswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenow

risingsharply.

Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighway

TrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted（分心）drivingwas“onlyincreasing,unfbrtunately.^^

“Bigchangerequiresbigideas.^^hesaidinaspeechlastmonth,referringbroadlytotheneedtoimprove

roadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereaching

backtoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.

AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwould

worklikethis:Anofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskfbrthephonesofthedriversandusethe

Textalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriver

hadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws.

“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,saidFelixW.Ortiz,whopushedfbr

thestate's2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,“peopleare

goingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.^^

28.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers'textingintheUS?

A.Ineffective.B.Unnecessary.C.Inconsistent.D.Unfair.

29.WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpapoliceofficerfindout?

A.Whereadrivercamefrom.B.Whetheradriverusedtheirphone.

C.Howfastadriverwasgoing.D.Whenadriverarrivedatthescene.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“something“inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Advice.B.Data.C.Tests.D.Laws.

3l.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ToDriveorNottoDrive?ThinkBeforeYouStart

B.TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzer

C.NewYorkBanningHand-HeldDevicesbyDrivers.

D.TheNextGenerationCellPhone:TheTextalyzer-

Passage2

（2022?新高考II卷D篇）Asweage,evenifwe'rehealthy,theheartjustisn'tasefficientinprocessing

oxygenasitusedtobe.Inmostpeoplethefirstsignsshowupintheir50sorearly60s.Andamongpeoplewho

don'texercise,thechangescanstartevensooner.

“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwill

becomedryandeasilybroken,saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That'swhat

happenstotheheart.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenan

enthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.

Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64whodidnotexercisemuchbut

wereotherwisehealthy.Participantswererandomlydividedintotwogroups.Thefirstgroupparticipatedina

programofnonaerobic（無氧）exercise-balancetrainingandweighttraining-threetimesaweek.Thesecond

groupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwo

years,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.

“Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,saysLevine.

“Andthereasontheygotsomuchstrongerandfitterwasthattheirheartscouldnowfillalotbetterandpump

（泵送）alotmorebloodduringexercise."Buttheheartsofthosewhoparticipatedinlessintenseexercisedidn't

change,hesays.

“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven?talready,isinlatemiddleagewhentheheartstill

hasflexibility,MLevinesays."Weputhealthy70-year-oldsthroughayearlongexercisetrainingprogram,and

nothinghappenedtothematall.”

Dr.NiecaGoldberg,aspokeswomanfortheAmericanHeartAssociation,saysLevine'sfindingsareagreat

start.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactly

whichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.

32.WhatdoesLevinewanttoexplainbymentioningtherubberband?

A.Therightwayofexercising.B.Thecausesofaheartattack.

C.Thedifficultyofkeepingfit.D.Theagingprocessoftheheart.

33.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?

A.Dietplan.B.Professionalbackground.

C.Exercisetype.D.Previousphysicalcondition.

34.WhatdoesLevine'sresearchfind?

A.Middle-agedheartsgetyoungerwithaerobicexercise.

B.High-intensityexerciseismoresuitablefortheyoung.

C.Itisnevertoolateforpeopletostarttakingexercise.

D.Themoreexercisewedo,thestrongerourheartsget.

35.WhatdoesDr.NiecaGoldbergsuggest?

A.Makinguseofthefindings.B.Interviewingthestudyparticipants.

C.Conductingfurtherresearch.D.Clarifyingthepurposeofthestudy.

Passage3

（2022?廣東模擬預測YTmnotareader."It'sacommonreplythatJuliaTorres,ateacher-librarianinDenver

PublicSchool,hasheardthroughouther16-yearcareer.She'sseenstudentstearupbooks,throwthemawayor

checkthemoutonlytoimmediatelyreturnthemallbecausetheydidn'thaveconfidenceintheirabilitytoread.

Asalibrarian,Torresfeelsstronglythatlibrariesshouldbespacesofliberation,placeswherestudentscan

developaloveofreadingatanystage.Readingisaskillthateveryonecangrowtolove,buttoomanynegative

experiencesduringachild'sliteracy（讀寫能力）educationcanresultinboredom,lackofinterestorevenanger.

Whenastudenthasapoorexperiencelikebeingshamedfortheirreadingchoices,theycanbegintoassociate

readingwithpainfulfeelingsofinsecurity,shameandstress.

Topreventreadingdisorder（閱讀障礙）practices,asTorresnotes,librariansfirstcanbuildaninclusive（內容

豐富的）librarywhereclassifiedcollectionscanmakeiteasierforstudentstofindoutthebookstheywantand

alsohelpidentifygapsinthecollections.Reevaluatinglibrarians,roleisnecessary,whichallowsstudentstotake

controlofthelibraryandhaveasayinvvhafspurchasedforthecollection,directlyexcitingstudents9reading

interest.Insteadofhostingtraditionalbookfairswherestudentshavetopayforbooks,itisbettertoopenupa

TrueBookFair,wherestudentsareinvitedtochoosebooksintentionallytotheirinterestswithoutanycosts.

Librariansarerecommendedtoreadwhatstudentsarereading.Anothertwoimportantapproachestopreventing

readingdisorderaretotakealookatthelibrarypoliciesandredefine（重新定義）whatcountsasreading.Itis

necessarytogetridoffines,check-outlimits,securitygates,andpunishmentpolicies.Plus,studentsare

encouragedtolistentoaudiobooksorreadpicturebooks.Findawaytoteachimportantskillslike

comprehensionorcriticalthinkingwiththetextsthatexciteandintereststudents.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"I'mnotareader“inParagraph1infer?

A.Somestudentsarenotinterestedinreading.

B.Somestudentshavenoabilitytoreadbooks.

C.Somestudentsdon'tborrowbooksfromthelibrary.

D.Somestudentshaven'ttriedtoreadforentertainment.

33.Whatisdirectlylinkedwithexcitingstudents,readinginterests?

A.Gettingridoflibraryrules.B.Makingtheirownchoices.

C.Librarians9recommendation.D.Reducingchargescausedbyreading.

34.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Whatleadstostudents?difficultyinreading.

B.Hownegativereadingexperiencesaffectstudents.

C.Howtoreducereadingdisorderasstudentlibrarians.

D.Whytodecreasereadingdisorderasstudentlibrarians.

35.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Todoaresearchonreadingdisorder.B.Tooffersuggestionstothelibrarians.

C.Toanalyzewhyreadingdisorderforms.D.Todrawattentiontoreadingdisorderprevention.

Passage4

（2022?福建省泉州一中高三期中）Thedeep-seaoilandgasindustryhasvastandcostlyfacilitiesto

maintain.Wells,otherequipment,andthousandsofkilometersofpipelinesmustbeinspectedandrepaired.

Now,cutting-edgeunderwaterdrones（無人機）androbotsarebeingdevelopedthatcouldmakethework

saferandcheaper.AmongthemisEelume,asix-meter-long,snake-likerobotequippedwithsensorsanda

cameraateachend.Itcanbekeptatastationatdepthsofuptohalfakilometerforsixmonths,withoutbeing

broughtbacktothesurface.Therobotcantravelupto20kilometersbeforeneedingtoreturntoitsstationto

recharge.

Maintenanceworkatmanydeep-waterwellsandpipelinesystemsisalreadycarriedoutbyunmanned

vehicles.Butthesevehiclestypicallyneedtobetransportedtotheoffshoresiteonafullycrewedshipandthen

remotelyoperatedfromonboardthesurfaceship.Thatcancostupto$100,000perday,accordingtoPal

Liljeback,chieftechnologyofficerwithEelumeSubseaIntervention,whichdevelopedtherobot.Liljebacksays

thatby"enablingtherobottobecomeasubsearesidentlivingatastation,itcanbemobilizedatanytimetodo

inspections,therebyreducingtheneedforcostlysurfaceships”.

Eelumecanworkautonomouslyontasksassignedfromacontrolroomonshore,andsendbackvideoand

data.Itssnake-likedesignallowsittoworkinsmallspacesandwriggle（扭動）itsbodytostayinplaceinstrong

currents.Bystayingunderthesea,itcancarryouttaskswhatevertheconditionsonthesurfaceoftheocean.

Theglobalunderwaterroboticsmarketisexpectedtobewortharound$7billionin2025,accordingto

analysts,andothercompaniesareintheprocessofcommercializingnewdeep-seadroneandrobottechnology.

EelumeSubseaInterventionwillcarryoutfinaltestingontheseabedlaterthisyearattheAsgardoilandgas

field.Itexpectstoputitsfirstsnakerobotsintousenextyearandhopestohaveupto50inoceansaroundthe

worldby2027.

32.WhatisonefeatureofEelume?

A.Itcantravelnearly40kilometersbeforerecharging.

B.Itcandiveasdeepas500meters.

C.Itworksmainlyaroundthestation.

D.Itworksfor6monthsononecharge.

33.Whatistheproblemwithunmannedvehicles?

A.Theyaretoocostlytomaintain.

B.Theyarehardtooperateremotely.

C.Theyrequiretransportationtoandfromwork.

D.Theyhavetoworkonafullycrewedshipallthetime.

34.WhatcanbeexpectedofEelumeinthefuture?

A.Itwillrequirenofurthertests.B.Itwillbewortharound$7billion.

C.Itwillbeputonthemarketin2027.D.Itwillfacealotofcompetitors.

35.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Asnakerobotisonitswayforunderwatertasks.

B.Eelumeisthenewchoiceforconstructingpipelines.

C.Maintenanceworkontheoceanfloorisariskyjob.

D.Unmannedvehiclesmarketinghasseenstronggrowth.

Pass