語(yǔ)法篇專題情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣市公開課金獎(jiǎng)市賽課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

專項(xiàng)八情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞定義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)本身含有一定詞義，但要與動(dòng)詞原形及其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一起使用詞。它給謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞增添情態(tài)色彩，表示說話人對(duì)相關(guān)行為或事物態(tài)度和見解，認(rèn)為其也許、應(yīng)當(dāng)或必要等。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)改變,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞需用原形,否認(rèn)式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加“not”。個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式,過去式用來(lái)表示愈加客氣,委婉語(yǔ)調(diào),時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng),可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬于非及物動(dòng)詞，故沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第1頁(yè)第1頁(yè)三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法特性(1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情，只表示期待或預(yù)計(jì)某事發(fā)生。(2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面只能接不帶to不定式。(3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有些人稱和數(shù)改變，即其第三人稱單數(shù)不加s。(4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有非限定形式，即沒有不定式，分詞形式，也沒有相應(yīng)動(dòng)名詞。四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本使用辦法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用辦法例句can和could表示能力HecanspeakEnglishbetterthanyou.表示請(qǐng)求或允諾?YoucanhavethebookwhenIhavefinishedit.Couldyoucomeagaintomorrow?表示客觀也許性Accidentscanhappenonsuchraingdays.表示猜想（驚訝、懷疑、不相信態(tài)度）CanthisgreenbikebeLiuDong’s?第2頁(yè)第2頁(yè)may和might表示請(qǐng)求和允許Hemaycomeifhelikes.表示猜想、也許性（不用于疑問句）Itmayrainthisevening.You’dbettertakeanumbrella.must表示必須Shemustcomeandlookafterthechild.否認(rèn)式mustnot(mustn’t)表示“嚴(yán)禁”；needn’t/don’thaveto表示“不必”—Mustwefinishtheworktomorrow?—No,youneedn’t(don’thaveto),butyoumustfinishitinthreedays.Youmustn’ttouchthefire.表示推測(cè)Theymusthaveheardthenews.第3頁(yè)第3頁(yè)haveto表示必須，是一個(gè)客觀需要Ihadtogiveitupbecauseofillness.

oughtto表示依據(jù)某種義務(wù)或必要“應(yīng)當(dāng)”做某事Everyoneoughttoobeythetrafficregulations.

表示推測(cè)(客觀推測(cè))Heoughttobehomebynow.dare慣用于否認(rèn)句，疑問句和條件從句中Daredhebreakthetrafficregulationsagain？在疑問句或否認(rèn)句中，可接帶to或不帶to不定式Shedoesn’tdaretostayathomealoneatnight.

need慣用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中Heneedn’tworryaboutusnow.

第4頁(yè)第4頁(yè)shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、強(qiáng)制、威脅或允諾Heshallgofirst,whetherhewantstoornot.

用于第一人稱，表示說話人征詢對(duì)方意見或請(qǐng)求批示ShallIopenthedoor?

should表示“提議”或“勸說”，有“應(yīng)當(dāng)”之意Youshouldlearnfromeachother.

表示說話人對(duì)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)事態(tài)感到“驚奇、驚喜、懷疑”I’mamazedthatMr.Harrisshouldhavesaidnothingaboutthematter.第5頁(yè)第5頁(yè)will表示意志決心Ihavetoldhimagainandagaintostopsmoking,buthewillnotlisten.

在疑問句中,用于第二人稱，表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或問詢對(duì)方意愿WillyoupleasetellmehowtogettotheCapitalGymnasium?表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，含有“總是”或“會(huì)要”之意Everymorninghewillhaveawalkalongthisriver.

第6頁(yè)第6頁(yè)would表示意志和決心Hepromisedhewouldneversmokeagain.

在疑問句中,用于第二人稱，表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或問詢對(duì)方意愿，比will語(yǔ)調(diào)愈加委婉Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee?

表示過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作，沒有“現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣”含義Duringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweek.

表示預(yù)計(jì)和猜想Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.第7頁(yè)第7頁(yè)【考點(diǎn)一】考察表示能力情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和could能夠表示能力；beabletodo強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)法成功完畢某一詳細(xì)動(dòng)作(相稱于managetodo/succeedindoing)。Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshecan’tsing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空①Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could解析:選C?？疾烨閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。haveto不得不；would表示意愿或過去經(jīng)常；could傾向于表示通過長(zhǎng)期訓(xùn)練而取得能力；beableto表示通過努力而能夠做到事或成功地做了某事。依據(jù)句意，選C。第8頁(yè)第8頁(yè)【考點(diǎn)二】考察表示請(qǐng)求或允諾情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1)向?qū)Ψ教岢鎏嶙h時(shí)用：①Shall/May/Might/Can/CouldI/we...?②Shallhe/she/they...?③Would/Willyou...?(2)could/might/would/should表示委婉語(yǔ)調(diào),其必定回答時(shí)不用could/might表示，用may/can;否認(rèn)回答時(shí)用can’t/mustn’t?！狢ould/MayIuseyourbicycletomorrowmorning?—Yes,youcan/may.—Shallhecometoseeyou?—Ofcourse,please.AndI’dratherhetoldmethetruth.【考點(diǎn)三】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)使用辦法表猜想時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句未來(lái)情況推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形Shemust/may/might/couldarrivebefore5.Ican’tbeathomethisFriday.CanhecometomypartynextFriday？第9頁(yè)第9頁(yè)現(xiàn)在或一般情況推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedoing/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+beHemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow.Hecan’t(couldn’t)/may(might)notbeathomeatthistime.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howcan(could)hebelatefortheopeningceremony?過去情況推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過去分詞

Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.Thedoorwaslocked.Hecan(could)not/may(might)nothavebeenathome.Can/Couldhehavegottenthebook?

第10頁(yè)第10頁(yè)注意：1.在必定句中普通用might,may和must；否認(rèn)句中用mightnot,maynot,couldn’t和can’t;疑問句中用could和can。can還可用于必定句中表示客觀或理論也許性。2.might,could并非may,can過去式，它們表示語(yǔ)調(diào)較為委婉或也許性較小。Accidentscanhappenonsuchrainydays.【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空②Sorry,I’mlate.I______haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will解析:選A。mighthavedone(過去)也許做過某事；shouldhavedone本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事。依據(jù)句中提供情境表明,說話人也許把鬧鐘關(guān)上了。第11頁(yè)第11頁(yè)【考點(diǎn)四】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示責(zé)怪、批評(píng)、埋怨

形式含義例句may/might/can/couldhavedone過去本來(lái)能夠……，而事實(shí)上沒有……Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.—Didyoulistentothespeech?—No,wecouldhaveattendedit.Butwewereill.shouldhavedone過去本來(lái)應(yīng)當(dāng)……，而事實(shí)上沒有……Theplantisdead.MaybeIshouldhavegivenitmorewater.oughttohavedone過去本該……，而未……Yououghttohavegivenhimmorehelp.第12頁(yè)第12頁(yè)needn’thavedone本不必……，卻……—MrSmithdidn’tcomelastnight,didhe?—No.Weneedn’thavewaitedforhim.hadbetter(not)havedone用于事后提議，含輕微責(zé)怪口吻，表示“本應(yīng)當(dāng)做而沒有做”Youhadbetterhavestartedearlier.Youhadbetternothavescoldedher.wouldrather(not)havedone表示“當(dāng)初寧愿做了某事”，必定形式是否認(rèn)形式均表示“后悔”之意Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.Iwouldrathernothavetoldhimthetruth.第13頁(yè)第13頁(yè)注意：didn’tneedtodosth.表示沒有必要做某事其實(shí)也沒有做?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空③Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I______thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.Mustn’thavetaken解析:選C。shouldhavedone本應(yīng)當(dāng)做而事實(shí)上沒做；couldhavedone表示對(duì)過去假設(shè)，意為“本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒有做”;needn’thavedone本不需要做卻做了；musthavedone通慣用于必定句，故D項(xiàng)排除。依據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境可知，選C?！究键c(diǎn)五】考察wouldrather使用辦法(1)wouldratherdosth.意為“寧可(愿)……”(2)wouldratherdosth.thandosth.寧可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……；與其……不如……可改寫成“woulddosth.ratherthandosth.”。(3)wouldrather+從句（虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)）表示“寧愿，希望……”。用一第14頁(yè)第14頁(yè)般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)要做事；用過去完畢時(shí)表示已經(jīng)做過事或過去要做事。Iwouldratheryouhadstayedwithusyesterday,butyouleft.【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空④—_______,heiswell.—ButIwouldrathertoseehimyesterday.A.Personally;goB.Personally;havegoneC.AsfarasIamconcerned;/D.AsfarasIamconcerned;went解析:選B?！皐ouldrather＋動(dòng)詞過去完畢式”表示過去情況，再依據(jù)wouldrather后跟虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)使用辦法和句子語(yǔ)境可知，選B?！究键c(diǎn)六】考察usedto使用辦法usedto表示過去習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在。在疑問句、否認(rèn)句、否認(rèn)疑問句中，其改變形式下列：

第15頁(yè)第15頁(yè)句式形式例句疑問句Didsb.usetoDidyouusetogotothesameschoolasyourbrother?Usedsb.todoUsedyoutogotothesameschoolasyourbrother?否認(rèn)句usedn’ttodoIusedn’ttogothere.didn’tusetodoIdidn’tusetogothere.否認(rèn)疑問句Usedn’tsb.toUsedn’tyoutobeinterestedinthetheatre?Didn’tsb.usetoDidn’tyouusetobeinterestedinthetheatre?第16頁(yè)第16頁(yè)【考點(diǎn)七】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞其它使用辦法must表示與說話人愿望相反及不耐煩，意為“偏要，非得”。can’tbutdosth./can’thelp/choosebutdosth.意為“不得不做某事，只好做某事”。maywell+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“完全能，很也許”，相稱于belikelytodosth.。mayaswell+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“最好；滿能夠；倒不如”。can’t(never等否認(rèn)詞)與enough連用，表示“再……也不為過”，相稱于“can’t...too...”。may能夠用于祈使句，表示祝愿。JustasIwassittingdowntosupper,thetelephonemustring.Sincehecan’twintherace,hemayaswellquit.第17頁(yè)第17頁(yè)虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)定義：虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)用來(lái)表示說話人主觀愿望或假想，而不表示客觀存在事實(shí)，所說是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)通過謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞特殊形式來(lái)表示?！究键c(diǎn)一】考察虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)在非真實(shí)條件句中基本使用辦法第18頁(yè)第18頁(yè)時(shí)間從句主句例句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反假設(shè)普通過去時(shí)（be用were）would/should/could/might/oughtto+動(dòng)詞原形Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.Ifwehadenoughmoney,wewouldbuyacomputer.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’tdoit.Ifitrainedtomorrow,we’dstayathome.Itwouldbeoddifshewereawardedthefirstprize.與過去事實(shí)相反假設(shè)過去完成時(shí)

should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞

Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishouldhavetoldhimaboutit.IfIhadbeeninherposition，I’dhavequit.Iftheweatherhadn’tbeensobad,wemighthavegoneout.IshouldneverhavedoneitifIhadn’tbeensohardup.

第19頁(yè)第19頁(yè)對(duì)未來(lái)不大可能發(fā)生事情假想普通過去時(shí)should/would/could/might/oughtto+動(dòng)詞原形Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.Iftheyinvitedme,Iwouldcertainlyattendit.Ifhewent,wouldyougotoo?與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反假設(shè)①were+不定式②should+動(dòng)詞原形③普通過去時(shí)should/would/could/might/oughtto+動(dòng)詞原形Ifsheweretoloseherplacetheywouldberuined.Ifyouweretospeaktohim,itwouldcarrymoreweight.第20頁(yè)第20頁(yè)【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空⑤Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter，wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit______allday.A.rainedB.rainsC.hasrainedD.israining解析:選A。句意為：假如天氣好話，我們是能夠去野餐，但是下了一天雨。句子前半部分陳說是與過去事實(shí)相反事情，因此用了虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)；“下了一天雨”是事實(shí)，因此用陳說語(yǔ)調(diào)?！究键c(diǎn)二】考察含蓄虛擬條件句這樣虛擬句不含有if從句，而是以butfor/without/or/otherwise等引導(dǎo)句子代替if從句，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)基本使用辦法相同。Butforyourhelp/Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthetaskaheadoftime.【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空⑥Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe_______itwithoutyou.第21頁(yè)第21頁(yè)A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanagedD.canhavemanaged解析:選B。由語(yǔ)境可知，這里要表示意思是“假如沒有你們辛勤工作，我們不也許處理好這件事?！边@是對(duì)過去發(fā)生事實(shí)虛擬，因此要用couldhavedone?！究键c(diǎn)三】考察主從句時(shí)間不一致虛擬條件句虛擬條件句中，主句和條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作若不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)調(diào)整。①?gòu)木鋭?dòng)作與過去事實(shí)相反，而主句動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生事實(shí)不符。②從句動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，而主句動(dòng)作與過去事實(shí)不符。③從句動(dòng)作與過去發(fā)生情況相反，而主句動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生情況相反。IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.Ifheknewher,hewouldhavegreetedher.Ifithadnotbeenrainingtoomuch,thecropswouldbegrowingmuchbetter.

第22頁(yè)第22頁(yè)【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空⑦It’shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall解析:選B。句意為：假如不是我在七歲時(shí)愛上故鄉(xiāng)MelindaCox圖書館話，很難想象今天我會(huì)是什么樣子。主句描述是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反事情，從句描述是與過去事實(shí)相反事情?！究键c(diǎn)四】考察省略非真實(shí)條件句中if當(dāng)虛擬條件句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有were,should,had時(shí),if能夠省略，這時(shí)條件從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即將were,should,had等詞置于句首。Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空⑧_____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbecutoff.A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mayyoube第23頁(yè)第23頁(yè)解析:選B。分析句意可知，空格處表示條件關(guān)系。當(dāng)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中含有were,should,had時(shí)，將其移至句首，省略if，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為省略倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。此處相稱于:Ifyoushouldbe?！究键c(diǎn)五】考察名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)在含有表示堅(jiān)持、提議、命令、要求等動(dòng)詞或名詞（suggest,demand,order,require,insist,propose,advise,suggestion,advice,proposal等）名詞性從句和在it作形式賓語(yǔ)或形式主語(yǔ)復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是necessary/strange/essential/natural/apity/ashame等表示“驚奇、惋惜或理應(yīng)如此”等含義時(shí)，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should能夠省略。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoffuntilnextweek.Itisstrangethathe(should)haveactedtowardshisparentslikethat.

第24頁(yè)第24頁(yè)【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空⑨—Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe_____toMiamibuttoNewYork？—Iagree，buttheproblemis______hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent；thatB.notbesent；thatC.shouldnotbesent；whatD.shouldnotsend；what解析:選B。上半句句意為：莫非你不認(rèn)為必須把他送到邁阿密而不是紐約嗎？句意表示理應(yīng)如此含意?！究键c(diǎn)六】考察其它虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)(1)wish后面接賓語(yǔ)從句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式；表示與過去事實(shí)相反愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞”；表示未來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should/would+動(dòng)詞原形”。注意：ifonly與asif/though使用辦法相同。IwishIknewtheanswer.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)IwishIhadknowntheanswer.(與過去事實(shí)相反)第25頁(yè)第25頁(yè)Iwishyouwouldshutup.(與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反)(2)Ifonly引導(dǎo)感慨句中，用虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)，表示愿望；用過去時(shí)或“would/could+動(dòng)詞原形”表示與現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)事實(shí)相反愿望；用過去完畢時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反愿望。IfonlyIweretaller.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)Ifonlyhehadfollowedyouradvice!(與過去事實(shí)相反)Ifonlytherainwouldstop.(與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反)(3)Itis(high/about)timethatsb.didsth./shoulddosth.,從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞慣用過去形式，有時(shí)也用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，意為“該是……時(shí)候了”。Itistimeyouthoughtaboutyourfuture.(4)wouldrather后面接從句時(shí)表示愿望，意為“寧愿，希望”。Iwouldratheryoudidn’tspeakrudelytoher.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)I’dratheryouhadn’tspokenrudelytoher.(與過去事實(shí)相反)(5)在lest/incase/forfearthat...引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，若用虛擬語(yǔ)調(diào)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。Hetookhisumbrellalestitshouldrain.

第26頁(yè)第26頁(yè)1.Jackdescribedhisfather,who______abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong-willedman.（·安徽）A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.musthavebeen解析：選D。句意為：杰克把多年前曾是勇敢男孩父親描述為一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)人。musthavebeen表示對(duì)過去事情必定推測(cè)。2.You______buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.（·湖南）A.mustB.Mustn’tC.havetoD.don’thaveto解析：選D。don’thaveto意為“沒有必要”，符合語(yǔ)境。句意為：你沒有必要買禮物，但假如你想買話，你也能夠買。3.Ihavetoldyouthetruth._____Ikeeprepeatingit?（·江西）A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Will解析：選A。must必須；一定；can能夠,能夠；may也許；will將要。句意為：我已經(jīng)告訴你事實(shí)了,我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？第27頁(yè)第27頁(yè)4.I______havewatchedthatmovie-it’llgivemehorribledreams.（·山東）A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t解析：選A。句意為：我本來(lái)不應(yīng)當(dāng)看那部電影——它會(huì)使我做惡夢(mèng)。表示“本來(lái)不應(yīng)當(dāng)做而做了某事”用shouldn’thavedone,因此A項(xiàng)正確。5.Mark______havehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.（·天津）A.needn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.couldn’t解析：選A。句意為：邁克本來(lái)不必要那么急，這樣高速駕駛之后，他提前了半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)。用needn’thavedone結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來(lái)不必要做某事而事實(shí)上做了”。6.—_____Itakethebookout?—I’mafraidnot.（·四川）A.WillB.MayC.MustD.Need解析：選B。表示請(qǐng)求可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may,could,might,表示允許用can,may。句意為：——我能夠?qū)⑦@本書帶出去嗎？——恐怕不行。故應(yīng)選表示請(qǐng)求情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may。第28頁(yè)第28頁(yè)7.Justbepatient.You_______expecttheworldtochangesosoon.（·全國(guó)Ⅰ）A.can’tB.needn’tC.maynotD.willnot解析：選A?？疾烨閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。can’t不也許；needn’t沒有必要；maynot也許不;willnot將不會(huì)。句意為：要耐心。你不能盼望世界會(huì)這樣快地改變。8.—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.—Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.（·江蘇）A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may解析：選B。could能夠；must必須;may也許；能夠。shall在第二人稱中表示允諾，還能夠表示強(qiáng)制，命令，威脅，警告，符合語(yǔ)境。9.—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?—No,you______.Youreaditinhere.（·陜西）A.mightn’tB.won’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t解析：選D?？疾烨閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。could，might表示問詢或征求意見問句中，必定回答要用can或may來(lái)代替could或might；may或might表示征求意見問句中，否認(rèn)回答用mustn’t，故選D。第29頁(yè)第29頁(yè)10.I’mafraidMr.Harding_______seeyounow.He’sbusy.（·全國(guó)Ⅱ）A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t解析：選A?？疾烨閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：恐怕Harding先生現(xiàn)在不也許見你，他很忙。can’t用于疑問或否認(rèn)句中表推測(cè)。11.Doctorssaythatexerciseisimportantforhealth,butit______beregularexercise.（·遼寧）A.canB.willC.mustD.may解析：選C?？疾烨閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：醫(yī)生說鍛煉對(duì)身體健康主要，但是必須是有規(guī)律鍛煉。can表示“也許；能力”；will表示“愿意”；may表示“也許”；must表示“必須”。由句意可知，選C。12.—Goodmorning.I’vegotanappointmentwithMissSmithinthePersonnelDepartment.—Ah,goodmorning.You_____beMrs.Peters.（·北京）A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.can解析：選B。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境，雙方應(yīng)是事先預(yù)約好，因此雙方都明確彼此身份，故用must表示“一定”。第30頁(yè)第30頁(yè)13.“You______haveawrongnumber,”shesaid.“Theresnooneofthatnamehere.”（·浙江）needB.canC.mustD.would解析：選C。need需要；can能，能夠；must一定，必須；would要，會(huì)。由語(yǔ)境可知，空格處詞對(duì)當(dāng)前情況作出必定判斷。14.—Sorry,ProfessorSmith.Ididntfinishtheassignmentyesterday.—Oh,you_______havedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.（·上海）A.mustB.mustn’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t解析：選C。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示和過去事實(shí)相反情況，應(yīng)當(dāng)用shouldhavedone表示