北師大英語(yǔ)選修七新素養(yǎng)講義Unit21HumanBiology4SectionⅣ

SectionⅣmunicationWorkshop,LanguageAwareness6&CultureCornereq\a\vs4\al([基礎(chǔ)詞匯])1．temporaryadj. 臨時(shí)的；短暫的2．declinevi. 下降3．minimumn. 最低；最小4．submitvt. 提交5．fortunen. 大筆錢財(cái)，巨款6．scepticaladj. 懷疑的7．a(chǎn)bsurdadj. 不合理的；荒謬的8．circumstancen. 情形；情況eq\a\vs4\al([拓展詞匯])9．weeklyadj.每周一次的→weekn．周，星期→weekendn．周末10．robvt.使喪失；搶劫→robberyn．搶劫→robbern．搶劫者11．unconditionallyadv.無(wú)條件地→conditionn．條件→conditionaladj.有條件的12．equipvt.使有準(zhǔn)備→equipmentn．設(shè)備13.__concernn．擔(dān)心；擔(dān)憂→concerningprep.涉及14．extensionn．延期→extendv．延長(zhǎng)1．a(chǎn)t__any__rate 無(wú)論如何；至少2．take...off 脫去；使離開(kāi)3．fall__into 陷入；開(kāi)始4．return__to__normal 恢復(fù)正常5．focus__on 集中于6．clear__up 整理；收拾7．benefit__from 從……中受益8．miss__out 錯(cuò)過(guò)；遺漏1．Thisisthefirst/second...timethat...第一次/第二次……I’vebrokenbonesbefore.However,thisisthefirsttimeI’ve__broken__my__leg(我摔斷了腿)．2．itis＋過(guò)去分詞＋that......it__is__generally__agreed__that(人們普遍認(rèn)為)apatient’schancesofrecoverydeclinethelongertheystayinaa.3．shouldhavedone...本該做……Heshould__have__gone__earlier(本該早些離開(kāi)),buthehadignoredthepainsothathecouldcontinueracing.4.before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Governmentsshouldpreventhumancloningfromeverhappeningbefore__we__destroy__ourselves(在我們自我毀滅之前)．takeoff使脫離；起飛；迅速走紅；休假；突然離開(kāi)；脫下(教材P40)Althoughsomepeoplefindtheideaoftakingpeopleofflifesupportmachinesterrible...雖然一些人認(rèn)為讓人離開(kāi)呼吸機(jī)的主意是不好的……[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中takeoff的含義(1)AssoonasshesawGeorgearrive,shejusttookoff.突然離開(kāi)(2)Wehaven’ttakenanytimeoffsincelastSunday.休假(3)TheyoungsingerhasreallytakenoffinChina.迅速走紅(4)Theplaneshouldtakeoffontimetoday.起飛(5)It’shothereandyou’dbettertakeoffyourcoat.脫掉eq\a\vs4\al()takeapart 拆開(kāi)takeback 退貨；收回takedown 記下；拆除takein 欺騙；吸收takeon 呈現(xiàn)；雇用takeout 取出takeover 接管takeup 開(kāi)始從事；拿起；占用[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子(1)我的表停了，所以我把它拆開(kāi)了。Mywatchstopped,soItook__it__apart.(2)如果你不喜歡這個(gè)外套，我可以退掉。Ifyoudon’tlikethiscoat,Icantake__it__back．(3)出于安全考慮，那個(gè)站臺(tái)被拆除了。Theplatformwastaken__downforsafetyreasons.(4)這個(gè)老人被那則廣告給騙了。Theoldmanwastaken__in__bythatadvertisement.(5)這個(gè)公司會(huì)再招收些工人的。Thepanywilltake__onsomemoreworkers.fallinto進(jìn)入(某種狀態(tài))；開(kāi)始①(教材P40)Terrihadfallenintoaain1990whenaheartattackrobbedherbrainofoxygencausingpermanentharm.特瑞在1990年陷入昏迷，當(dāng)時(shí)心臟病使她的大腦缺氧造成了永久性的傷害。②Iclimbedintobedandfellintoadeepsleep.我爬上床，酣然入睡。③Manyofthestonefigureshadbeenstolenandotherswerefallingintopieces.很多石像被偷了，其他的成了碎片。eq\a\vs4\al()fallbehind 落在后面falldown 摔倒falloff 減少；下降fallover 跌倒；倒下[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子(1)走了五英里之后，湯姆累了，開(kāi)始落在后面了。AfterfivemilesTomwastiredandstartedtofall__behind．(2)不久前我的小兒子跌倒了，弄傷了膝蓋。Theotherdaymylittlesonfell__downandhurthisknee.(3)在冬季銷售額總是會(huì)下降的。Salesalwaysfall__offinthewintermonths.robvt.使喪失；搶劫；搶奪；盜?、?教材P40)Terrihadfallenintoaain1990whenaheartattackrobbedherbrainofoxygencausingpermanentharm.特瑞在1990年陷入昏迷，當(dāng)時(shí)心臟病使她的大腦缺氧造成了永久性的傷害。②Theyareplanningtorobthebanksometimenextweek.他們?cè)谟?jì)劃在下周某個(gè)時(shí)間搶劫銀行。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)robsb./sth.of... 使某人或某物喪失(重要的品質(zhì)、能力等)robsb./sp.of... 搶劫某人或某地……(2)robberyn. 搶劫robbern. 盜賊動(dòng)詞詞義搭配rob“盜，搶”，指公然用暴力搶劫他人的所有物robsb.ofsth.steal“偷”，指暗中竊取stealsth.fromsb.；stealone’ssth.[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句改錯(cuò)(1)Mikewasrobbedofhiscarandmobilephoneyesterday.(2)Hewasarrestedandchargedwithanarmedrobbery(rob)．(3)Itturnedoutthattheyoungmanwasabankrobber(rob)．(4)Theoldman’swalletwasstolenoftheotherday.去掉of(5)Whenwasitthatyouwererobbedyourmobilephoneandpurse？robbed后加of(6)SeveralrobberwerearrestedbythepolicelastSunday.robber→robbersdeclinevi.下降；謝絕n．下降；衰敗，衰落①(教材P40)．..itisgenerallyagreedthatapatient’schancesofrecoverydeclinethelongertheystayinaa.……人們普遍認(rèn)為病人處于昏迷狀態(tài)的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)他們康復(fù)的機(jī)會(huì)就越小。②Afterall，manyolderpeopledon’tbegintoexperiencephysicalandmentaldeclineuntilafterage75.畢竟，很多老年人真正出現(xiàn)身體和精神上的衰退是在75歲以后。③Iofferedtogivethemaliftbuttheydeclinedwiththanks.我邀請(qǐng)他們搭便車但他們婉言謝絕了。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)beindecline 處于下降、衰退中onthedecline 在下坡路上；在衰退(減少)(2)declinetodosth. 拒絕做某事declineby/to... 下降了/到……[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Accordingtoscientists,ourmentalabilitiesbeginto__decline(decline)fromtheageof27afterreachingthehighestlevelat22.(2)Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclineto__visit(visit)Oxford.(3)Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyearto5million.[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)(4)(普通表達(dá))Thenumberofpeoplewhoruntheredlighthasdeclinedsincethenewtrafficregulationscameintoeffect.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Thenumberofpeoplewhoruntheredlighthasbeen__on__the__declinesincethenewtrafficregulationscameintoeffect.表示“增加”或“減少”的幅度常用介詞by；表示“增加到”或“減少到”常用介詞to。equipvt.使有準(zhǔn)備；裝備；配備①(教材P137)There’snodoubtthatthiswillequipustocureallsortsofillnesses，fromheartdiseasetocancer.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，這將為我們治愈從心臟疾病到癌癥等各種疾病打好基礎(chǔ)。②Theyareequippingthemselvesforajourney.他們?cè)跒槁眯袦?zhǔn)備行裝。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)equip...for/todosth.為(做)某事而準(zhǔn)備/裝備……equip...with...用……裝備/配備……；使……具有(學(xué)問(wèn)、能力等)(2)equipmentn.設(shè)備，裝備apieceofequipment一件設(shè)備(3)equippedadj.(被)裝備(起來(lái))的；擁有(資格)的(be)equippedwith...裝備/配備有……；擁有……[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Pleaseequipyourselfwithapencilandarubberfortheexam.(2)Ourschoolhasboughtsomenewpiecesofequipment__(equip)．(3)AsfarasIknow,heis__equipped(equip)withmuchexperienceinteaching.equipment不可被a或an修飾，如果說(shuō)具體幾件設(shè)備則用“...piece(s)of”修飾。類似的詞語(yǔ)還有furniture,news,advice等。fortunen．大筆錢財(cái)，巨款；命運(yùn)，運(yùn)氣①(教材P137)I’dliketopointoutthatwhiletherearesomefirmsthatdothisandchargeafortunetokeepthebodiesfrozen...我想指出的是盡管有做這些的公司，他們?yōu)槔鋬鲕|體而收取大筆錢財(cái)……②Europeansseeapiggybankasasignofgoodfortuneandwealth.歐洲人把儲(chǔ)存罐看作是好運(yùn)和財(cái)富的象征。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)makeafortune 發(fā)財(cái)tryone’sfortune 碰運(yùn)氣seekone’sfortune 外出尋找發(fā)財(cái)機(jī)會(huì)， 外出闖蕩havegood/badfortunetodo... 有幸/不幸做……(2)fortunateadj. 幸運(yùn)的unfortunateadj. 不幸的(3)fortunatelyadv. 幸運(yùn)地unfortunatelyadv. 不幸地[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Nowtherearemanyyoungmeninoursocietydreamingofmakingafortunewithouthardwork.(2)Ihavehadgoodfortune__to__work(work)withsomebrilliantdirectors.(3)Thestateprovidestextbooksfortheless__fortunate(fortune)students.(4)Fortunately(fortune),theboywassavedbytwopassers-by.atanyrate無(wú)論如何；至少①(教材P137)Iftrendscontinuethewaythey’regoing，theninmyopinion，yes—indevelopedcountriesatanyrate.在我看來(lái)，如果照目前的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展下去，會(huì)是這樣的——至少在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家是這樣。②Atanyrate,themedicineandfoodwillreachthefarmersbeforethesnowstorm.無(wú)論如何，藥品和食物將于暴風(fēng)雪前送到農(nóng)民手里。eq\a\vs4\al()atthis/thatrate 照這樣/那樣下去ata/therateof 以……速度；以……比例[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)YououghttoreadoneoftheEnglisharticleseverydayatanyrate.(2)Therichertherichare,thepoorerthepoorareatthisrate.(3)Thepopulationisgrowingatarateof__19%everyyear.submitvt.提交；屈服；順從；認(rèn)為①(教材P137)Youweresupposedtosubmititonthe14thJune.你應(yīng)該在6月14日交上它。②YoumustsubmityourreportbeforenextWednesday.你必須在下星期三之前提交你的報(bào)告。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)submitsth.tosb. 提交/呈遞某物給某人submit(oneself)tosb./sth. 順從；屈服submitthat... 提議；認(rèn)為……(2)submissiveadj. 服從的；順從的；恭順的(3)submissionn. 屈服；呈送；提交[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Suchwashisfortune,andhewasforcedtosubmittoit.(2)Isubmitthatthehouseisunfitforyoutolivein.(3)Asamatteroffact,hermotherisaverysubmissive(submit)woman.(4)Allsubmissions(submit)mustbereceivedbyApril10th.concernn．[U]關(guān)心，擔(dān)心；憂慮；[C]關(guān)心的人(或)事vt.涉及，關(guān)系到，參與；(使)擔(dān)憂①(教材P42)infavourbutwithsomeconcerns?支持但有一些顧慮？②Iappreciateeveryone’sconcernandhelpatthisdifficulttime.在此困難時(shí)刻，我很感激每個(gè)人對(duì)我的關(guān)心和幫助。③Pleasepayattentionbecausethisinformationconcernsallofyou.請(qǐng)注意，因?yàn)檫@條消息涉及你們每一個(gè)人。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)as/sofaras...beconcerned 就……而言(2)concernedadj. 關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的； 有關(guān)的beconcernedabout/forsth. 關(guān)心/掛念某事(物)beconcernedwith/in... 與……有關(guān)；牽涉到(3)concerningprep. 有關(guān)；涉及[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Themeetingwasconcernedwithreformsandeveryonepresentwasconcernedabout/fortheirowninterests.(2)ThereisacolumninChinaDailyconcerning(concern)languagestudy.concerned用作形容詞時(shí)意為“擔(dān)憂的；關(guān)心的”；用作后置定語(yǔ)意為“相關(guān)的；有關(guān)的”。另外concerning用作介詞時(shí)意為“關(guān)于；對(duì)于”。circumstancen．情形；情況；(有關(guān))事項(xiàng)；(pl.)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況；命運(yùn)①(經(jīng)典例句)Thepanyreservestherighttocancelthisagreementincertaincircumstances.本公司保留在一定條件下取消這項(xiàng)協(xié)議的權(quán)利。②Thecircumstancesofthiscaseareunusual.這個(gè)案件的情況很不尋常。eq\a\vs4\al()inanycircumstance(s) 在任何情況下undernocircumstances 無(wú)論如何不；決不in/underthecircumstances 在這些情況下；情況既然 如此[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Iwouldnever__in/under__anycircumstancesdreamofparingherwithyou.(2)Undernocircumstancesshouldyouleavethedoorunlocked.undernocircumstances放在句首時(shí)主句使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，與之相類似的還有bynomeans；innoway；innocase；onnocondition；atnotime；onnoaccount。(教材P40)I’vebrokenbonesbefore.However,thisisthefirsttimeI’vebrokenmyleg.我以前摔斷過(guò)骨頭。然而，這是我第一次弄斷腿。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)句式“It/This/That＋was＋thefirst/thesecond/...time(that)＋過(guò)去完成時(shí)”表示“某人第一/第二/第……次……”。(2)“It/This/That＋is＋thefirst/thesecond/...time(that)＋現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”表示“某人第一/第二/第……次……”。Theteachercriticizedhim,becauseitwasthesecondtimethathehadmadethesamemistake.老師批評(píng)了他，因?yàn)檫@是他第二次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。It’shightimethat...did/shoulddosth.是該做某事的時(shí)候了。[巧學(xué)活用]——單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)ThisisthefirsttimethatIhave__been(be)awayfrommyfamilyforsuchalongtime.(2)Itwasthefirsttimethathehad__met(meet)withsuchatoughproblem.(3)It’shightimethatwetook/should__take(take)effectivemeasurestoprotectourenvironment.(教材P45)Governmentsshouldpreventhumancloningfromeverhappeningbeforewedestroyourselves.在人類自我毀滅之前政府應(yīng)采取措施阻止克隆人的發(fā)生。eq\a\vs4\al()從屬連詞before最基本的意思是“在……之前”。但在具體的句子中，譯法多種多樣，可譯為“……才……”；“……就……”；“還沒(méi)有……就……”；“沒(méi)等……就……”。before引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中不能使用表示將來(lái)的will。Itwon’tbe...before...用不了(多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)就會(huì)……Itwillbe...before...得過(guò)(多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)才……Itwasn’t...before...沒(méi)過(guò)多久就……Itwas...before...過(guò)了多久才……[巧學(xué)活用]——完成句子(1)我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及插話他就給我量好了尺寸。Before__I__could__get__in__a__word,__hehadmeasuredme.(2)還得再過(guò)一個(gè)月我才能回來(lái)。Itwillbeamonthbefore__I__e__back．(3)沒(méi)過(guò)多久他就知道了他父親去世的消息。It__wasn’t__long__beforeheknewthenewsthathisfatherdied.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填詞1．InIndiathecowisa____________(神圣的)animal.答案：sacred2．Thoughinthe____________(晚期的)stageofcancer，hekeepswalkingeveryday.答案：terminal3．Whenshewasyoung，shelefthometoseekher____________(發(fā)財(cái))abroad.答案：fortune4．The____________(公司)wasbadlyhitbypetitionfromabroad.答案：firm5．Manystudentsfind____________(臨時(shí)的)jobsduringtheirsummerholidays.答案：temporary6．Thereisstillonemonthleftbeforethe____________(截止日期)．答案：deadline7．Becauseofthefinancialcrisis，thestaffhas____________(下降)from217，000to114，000.答案：declined8．Eventodaytheystillhavethe____________(荒謬的)ideathattheearthisflatandmotionless.答案：absurd9．Underno____________(情況)willweagreetomakethepanysplitup.答案：circumstances10．Ifyouaskformoneyfromus，youhaveto____________(提交)detailsofthedamage.答案：submiteq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯(cuò)1．Itissaidthattheoldmanwasrobbedforhisbikelastnight.____________________答案：for→of2．Theyarediscussingsomethingconcernedthesafetyatschools.____________________答案：concerned→concerning3．Theparentsaretryingtomaketheirsonequippingwithenoughknowledge.____________________答案：equipping→equipped4．Atlasttheboywasforcedtosubmittoliveahardlife.____________________答案：live→living5．Foranyratewewillmanagetopersuadehertochangehermind.____________________答案：For→Ateq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完成句子1．不久他就從國(guó)外回來(lái)了。________________________hereturnedfromabroad.答案：Itwasn’tlongbefore2．你們?cè)龠^(guò)半年就高中畢業(yè)了。__________________________yougraduatefromhighschool.答案：Itwillbehalfayearbefore3．他受雇于那家公司已經(jīng)一年多了。______________________________hewasemployedinthatpany.答案：Itis/hasbeenmorethanayearsince4．這是我們?nèi)胰说谝淮蔚诫娪霸嚎措娪?。Thisisthefirsttimewe__________________________inthecinemaasafamily.答案：haveseenafilm5．這是他第一次對(duì)一個(gè)獨(dú)立公司的工作給予稱贊。Itisthefirsttimethat______________________totheworkofasinglepany.答案：hehasgivenhisapprovalA卷eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．IfIplacedanordernow，howlongwoulditbe____________Igotdelivery?答案：before2．ItwasthefirsttimeI____________(set)footonAfricansoil.答案：hadset3．AreyougoingbackhometoAmerica____________good?答案：for4．Apersonismostdisappointedwhenheis____________despair.答案：in5．Hedidnotquiteknowwhattosaythatwouldfitthe____________(circumstance)．答案：circumstances6．Sheisdeeply____________(concern)withourhealthproblem.答案：concerned7．Weshouldsubmitourplans____________thecouncilforapproval.答案：to8．Youare____________(fortune)tohavesuchareasonablefather.答案：fortunate9．Theroomis____________(equip)withrefrigeratorandair-conditioning.答案：equipped10．Hewasrobbed____________hisweek’swagesbyapickpocket.答案：ofeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解Forthebraveinthearmedforces,beingsentawayfromhomeformonthsatatimeisjustpartoftheduty.However,it’sneveraneasyonetoperformespeciallyforthosewithchildren.SowhenIfoundoutIwasgoingtobestationedinSouthKoreaforayear,Iwasnervousabouthowmyfivechildren,particularlymyeldestdaughterAbigail,wouldtakethenewssinceitmeantIwouldn’tbehometoseehergraduatefromhighschool.Incredibly,Abigailtoldmenottoworryandevensuggestedwelive__streamtheeventamongfamilymemberswhenIleakedthenews.“We’vebeenluckyyouhaven’thadtobesentabroadyet.AnywaywecangetconnectedthroughtheInternet.Seemeonyourphoneonmyspot，”Abigailsaid.ShesteppedintomanyofmyroleswhenIwasgone.IwantedtofindawaytothankherandshowherhowproudIwasofher.IstartedplanningthespecialsurprisewhenmyrequesttoreturnhomeafewweeksearlytoattendAbigail’sgraduationceremonywasapproved.WhenmytimeinSouthKoreafinallycametoanend,Iflewhome,rentedacar,andstayedinahotel.AndonAbigail’sgraduationday,IhidinanofficebehindthestagewaitinguntilIheardmydaughter’snamecalled.Ijustkeptthinking“Don’tcry.Don’ttripinyourheels.Don’tfallover.”Atlast!Abigailwasuponstage.Islippedupbehindher,whisperedinherear,andaroundsheturned！“Iwasjustthinking,like,‘Youaren’tsupposedtobehere.What?What?How？’Itwasthebiggestshock...I’mprettysuremydadmadepeoplehedidn’tevenknowcry.Emotionalforeveryone，”Abigailcried.Youknowwhatfollowed：Embraces,kisses,tears,laughs,flowers,wishes...Aren’ttheywhatafamilyhasinstore?【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇睂⒈慌神v韓國(guó)一年，因此，大女兒Abigail的高中畢業(yè)典禮“我”將無(wú)法參加，但是為了給她驚喜，在她的畢業(yè)典禮上，“我”出現(xiàn)在了她面前。1．Whatworriedtheauthormost?A．HisdutyinSouthKorea.B．Hisfivechildren’ssafety.C．Hiseldestdaughter’sstudy.D．Hisabsencefromabigevent.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段，尤其是該段最后一句可知，“我”最擔(dān)心的是“我”將無(wú)法參加大女兒Abigail的畢業(yè)典禮，故D項(xiàng)正確。2．Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)ive__stream”？A．Plan. B．Celebrate.C．Prepare. D．Broadcast.D解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句，結(jié)合該段第二句中Abigail所說(shuō)的話“AnywaywecangetconnectedthroughtheInternet.Seemeonyourphoneonmyspot.”可知，Abigail安慰“我”說(shuō)“我們”可以用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)聯(lián)系，“我”可以用看到畢業(yè)典禮上的她；據(jù)此可以判斷，Abigail建議我們?cè)诩彝コ蓡T中直播這件事。故畫線詞意為“直播”，D項(xiàng)正確。3．HowdidAbigailfeelwhenmeetingtheauthor?A．Embarrassed. B．Overjoyed.C．Nervous. D．Satisfied.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Abigail說(shuō)的話可知，Abigail沒(méi)有想到“我”會(huì)出現(xiàn)在畢業(yè)典禮上，非常激動(dòng)；據(jù)此可以判斷，在畢業(yè)典禮上見(jiàn)到“我”，Abigail極為高興，B項(xiàng)意為“極為高興的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。4．Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtoexpressbytellingthestory?A．Asoldier’spersonalsacrifice.B．Afather’sloveforhisfamily.C．Themeaningoffamilybond.D．Thewaytoplanabigsurprise.C解析：目的意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了“我”為大女兒制造驚喜的故事，旨在表達(dá)家庭關(guān)系的意義，故C項(xiàng)正確。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完形填空WhenHeatherMcHugh,apoet,wonaD|S500，000“geniusgrant”fromtheMacArthurFoundation,shedidn’tbuyaluxuriouscarorflytoParis.__1__，sheputthemoneyinthebankand__2__writingpoems.In2011,shefinally__3__whattodowithit.Thatyear,Heather’sgodsonandhiswife__4__theirfirstchild,abeautifulbabygirlbutseverelydisabled.“Isawhowpeople’s__5__canchangeovernight.Istartedthinkingaboutpeopleina__6__situation，”saysHeather.She__7__thereweremillionsofcaregiverstakingcareofthechronically(慢性地)illordisabled.Soin2012,Heather__8__anonprofitorganizationofferingaseven－dayvacation,withall__9__paid,topeoplewhohavebeencaregiversforatleasttenyears.Triciawasoneofthefirstcaregiverstogoonvacation.WhenTriciagotacallsayingshewasoffereda__10__vacation,shecouldn’t__11__it;disbeliefeven__12__herconcernaboutleavinghertwokids.Triciawent,andherfavoritepartsofthetripweretoenjoythe__13__things.“Igottoeathotfoodhotandcoldfoodcold.IcouldgotobedwhenIwantedtoandwakeupwheneverIchoseto，”saysTricia.Shewasafraidthe__14__wouldreturnwhenthe__15__wasover,buttohersurprise,ithasn’tbeenbacksince.HeathersaysTricia’s__16__resemblesthoseoftheothertencaregiversshehelpseveryyear.“Beforethevacationtheyareso__17__，butthe__18__issoamazing.Theyreflectandrelax.Itfeels__19__likeanotherworldandgivesthemachancetoseetheirlivesfromanother__20__，”sheadds.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。HeatherMcHugh利用自己的五十萬(wàn)美元獎(jiǎng)金建立非營(yíng)利組織，為照顧慢性病患者和殘疾人的護(hù)理員提供免費(fèi)休假，讓他們到新的環(huán)境中，從不一樣的角度來(lái)看待他們的人生。1．A.However B．ThereforeC．Instead D．BesidesC解析：根據(jù)空處前一句中的“shedidn’tbuyaluxuriouscarorflytoParis”可知，在獲得了五十萬(wàn)美元的獎(jiǎng)金后，她并沒(méi)有購(gòu)買汽車或去旅游；結(jié)合該句中的“sheputthemoneyinthebank”可知，反而，她將這些錢存入銀行。C項(xiàng)意為“而是，反而”，符合語(yǔ)境；however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“此外”。2．A.continued B．quittedC．practiced D．startedA解析：根據(jù)前一句中的“apoet”，結(jié)合該句中的“sheputthemoneyinthebankand______writingpoems”可知，她(這位詩(shī)人)獲獎(jiǎng)后，將獎(jiǎng)金存進(jìn)銀行，繼續(xù)(continued)寫詩(shī)。quit“停止”；practice“實(shí)踐，訓(xùn)練”。3．A.thoughtover B．wonderedC．talkedabout D．decidedD解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Heather______anonprofitorganizationofferingaseven－dayvacation”可知，此處表示在2011年，她終于決定如何使用這筆錢。thinkover“仔細(xì)考慮”；wonder“想知道，好奇”；talkabout“談到，談?wù)摗?。decide“決定”符合語(yǔ)境。4．A.held B．weledC．lost D．savedB解析：Heather的教子和他的妻子迎來(lái)了他們的第一個(gè)孩子，一個(gè)漂亮的女嬰，但是有嚴(yán)重的殘疾。hold意為“握著，舉行”；lose意為“失去”；save意為“拯救，節(jié)約”。wele“迎接”符合語(yǔ)境。5．A.feelings B．futureC．lives D．routineC解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，并結(jié)合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一個(gè)殘疾的女嬰可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之間發(fā)生改變的。routine“慣例，常規(guī)”。6．A.different B．similarC．worse D．betterB解析：根據(jù)上文提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一個(gè)殘疾女嬰并且Heather看到了人的生活是如何在一夜之間發(fā)生改變的可知，Heather開(kāi)始關(guān)注那些有相似(similar)境遇的人。7．A.discovered B．claimedC．a(chǎn)dmitted D．feltA解析：她發(fā)現(xiàn)有數(shù)百萬(wàn)照顧慢性病患者和殘疾人的護(hù)理員。discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；claim“宣稱；斷言”；admit“承認(rèn)”。8．A.donated B．foundC．visited D．formedD解析：因此Heather在2012年建立了一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，為那些成為護(hù)理員至少十年的人提供七天免費(fèi)(free)休假。form“建立，組成”符合語(yǔ)境。donate“捐贈(zèng)”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；visit“參觀”。9．A.taxes B．salaryC．expenses D．rentC解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。tax“稅”；salary“薪水”；rent“租金”。expense“花費(fèi)”符合語(yǔ)境。10．A.free B．caringC．short D．longA解析：free“免費(fèi)的”。11．A.believe B．takeC．refuse D．enjoyA解析：根據(jù)空后的“disbelief”可知，Tricia不相信她獲得了一個(gè)免費(fèi)休假這件事。A項(xiàng)意為“相信”，符合語(yǔ)境。12．A.woke B．defeatedC．showed D．movedB解析：根據(jù)下一段中的“Triciawent,andherfavoritepartsofthetripweretoenjoy”可知，Tricia接受了免費(fèi)休假這件事情，由此可知，她對(duì)免費(fèi)休假的懷疑(和向往)打敗(defeated)了對(duì)于留下孩子們的擔(dān)憂。wake“醒來(lái)”；show“展示”；move“移動(dòng)”。13．A.wonderful B．deliciousC．peaceful D．simpleD解析：根據(jù)空后的“Igotto...Ichoseto”可知，Tricia在度假時(shí)所做的事情都是很普通、很簡(jiǎn)單的(simple)事情。wonderful“精彩的，極棒的”；delicious“美味的”；peaceful“平靜的，和平的”。14．A.heaviness B．painC．sadness D．disbeliefA解析：她擔(dān)心度假結(jié)束后，自己的生活會(huì)回歸以前的沉悶，但出乎她意料的是后來(lái)的生活并沒(méi)有回到從前。根據(jù)上文可知，Tricia是一個(gè)護(hù)理員，平時(shí)的工作都是照顧病人，生活少有放松的時(shí)候，故heaviness“沉悶”符合語(yǔ)境。pain“傷痛”；sadness“傷心，悲傷”；disbelief“懷疑，不信任”。15．A.entertainment B．dreamC．vacation D．freedomC解析：根據(jù)第四段第一句“Triciawasoneofthefirstcaregiverstogoonvacation.”可知，選C。16．Ament B．storyC．surprise D．fortuneB解析：上文講述的是Tricia享受免費(fèi)休假的故事，故B項(xiàng)story“故事”符合語(yǔ)境。17．A.worried B．confusedC．unexpected D．stressedD解析：根據(jù)上文提到的Tricia擔(dān)心度假結(jié)束后自己的生活會(huì)回歸以前的沉悶可知，D項(xiàng)“stressed”符合語(yǔ)境。18．A.award B．changeC．scenery D．a(chǎn)cmodationB解析：根據(jù)上文可知，其他看護(hù)人員和Tricia一樣，在度假前他們的生活較為沉悶；結(jié)合后一句“Theyreflectandrelax.”可知，在度假之后，他們變得很放松。據(jù)此可知，這樣的改變令人驚訝。change意為“改變”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。award“獎(jiǎng)”；scenery“風(fēng)景”；acmodation“住宿”。19．A.slightly B．interestinglyC．magically D．mostlyC解析：這神奇地(magically)像是另外一個(gè)世界，并且給了他們一個(gè)從另一個(gè)角度(angle)看待他們的生活的機(jī)會(huì)。slightly“輕微地”；interestingly“有趣地”；mostly“大多地”。magically“魔法般地”符合語(yǔ)境。20．A.place B．situationC．height D．a(chǎn)ngleD解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。B卷eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解ATravel-WorthyDestinationsinBestFilmsArrivalBozeman,Montana,U.S.Theyear’sbestthriller,ArrivalfollowsaprofessortoamilitarycampinMontana,wheresheworkstotranslatethelanguageingfromalienvisitors.Thefilm,setinthewidelandscapeofMontana,connectsthevastnessoftheuniversewiththenaturalbeautyofBozeman.TraveltoBozeman,andyou’reboundtofeelitsquietness.Inthistown,thewildlifeoftheBridgerMountainslivesalongsidetheconstantinflowofMontanaStateUniversitystudents.Withallitsbreathtakinglandscape,Bozemanistheperfectplacetodosomesoulsearching.FencesPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,U.S.FencestellsofanAfrican-Americanfathersupportinghisfamilyduringthecivilrightsmovementofthe1950s.ThefilmwasshotinPittsburgh,knownforitsblue-collarhistory.Todayithasgrownintoacenterofprogressandculture.Itishometotheworld’sfirstgreenconventioncenter.Ontopofitsenvironmentaldevelopment,thecityhasworkedtokeepitsdiverseculturalheritage.VisitorscandiscoverPittsburgh’shistoryattheHeinzHistoryCenterandtastetheMediterraneanfoodatCure.MoonlightMiami,Florida,U.S.Amasterpieceofself-discovery,MoonlightfollowsanAfrican-AmericanboyinMiamiwhoistryingtofindhisplaceintheworld.Muchofthefilmissetinalow-ineneighborhoodnorthofdowntown,butvisitorstoMiamiwilllikelyseeadifferentsideofthelivelycity.Modernartmuseumsandrestaurantsfilltheinnercorridors,whileMiamiBeachisfilledwithmusicandoceanlovers.There’ssomethingforeveryoneinMiami,soenjoytheparty.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了美國(guó)三個(gè)在最佳影片中出現(xiàn)的值得一游的地方以及這些地方的風(fēng)景特色。1．WhatmakesBozemanatravel-worthydestination?A．ThestoryofthemovieArrival.B．Thepeacefullandscapeithas.C．MantanaStateUniversity.D．Alienvisitors.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分中的“TraveltoBozeman,andyou’reboundtofeelitsquietness.”可知，到博茲曼旅行，你一定會(huì)感受到它的寧?kù)o。據(jù)此可知，博茲曼值得一游是因?yàn)樗兄鴮庫(kù)o的風(fēng)景，故B項(xiàng)正確。2．Pittsburghisknownfor________accordingtoParagraph2.A．itsdiversecultureB．African-AmericanfamiliesC．thecivilrightsmovementD．beautifulsceneryA解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分的倒數(shù)第二句“Ontopofitsenvironmentaldevelopment,thecityhasworkedtokeepitsdiverseculturalheritage.”可知，除了環(huán)境的發(fā)展，這個(gè)城市還保存著多元的文化遺產(chǎn)。據(jù)此可知，匹茲堡以其多元文化而聞名，故A項(xiàng)正確。3．InthemovieMoonlight,audienceswillseea________sideofMiami.A．modern B．poorC．hi-tech D．luxuryB解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三部分的第二句中的“Muchofthefilmissetinalow-ineneighborhoodnorthofdowntown”可知，這部電影大部分是在市中心北部的低收入社區(qū)拍攝的。據(jù)此可推知，觀眾可以通過(guò)影片看到邁阿密貧窮的一面，故B項(xiàng)正確。4．Theauthorwrotethepassagewiththeintentionof________．A．writingafilmreviewB．introducingsomefamousfilmsC．describinghowthemovieswereshotD．remendingtravellingdestinationsD解析：目的意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)三個(gè)在最佳影片中出現(xiàn)的值得一游的地方以及這些地方的風(fēng)景特色。據(jù)此可知，作者寫作本文旨在向讀者推薦值得一游的地方，故D項(xiàng)正確。BFrenchsurgeonshaveperformedwhattheysaidonWednesdaywastheworld’sfirstpartialfacetransplant—givinganewnose,chinandlipstoawomanattackedbyadog.SpecialistsfromtwoFrenchhospitalscarriedouttheoperationona38-year-oldwomanonSundayinthenortherncityofAmiensbytakingthefacefromabrain-deadwoman,whohadhangedherselfjusthoursbeforetheoperation.Herfamilyagreedontheoperation.“Thepatientisinanexcellentstateandthetransplantlooksnormal，”thehospitalssaidinabriefstatementafterwaitingthreedaystoannouncethepioneeringsurgery.ThewomanhadbeenleftwithoutanoseandlipsafterthedogattackedherlastMay,andwasunabletotalkorchewproperly.Suchinjuriesare“extremelydifficult,ifnotimpossible”torepairusingnormalsurgicaltechniques,thestatementsaid.Thestatementdidnotsaywhatthewomanwouldlooklikewhenshehadfullyrecovered,butmedicalexpertssaidshewasunlikelytoresemblethewomanwhohadbeenthesourceofhernewface.TheoperationwasledbyJean-MichelDubernard,aspecialistfromahospitalinLyonwhohasalsocarriedouthandtransplants.Skintransplantshavelongbeenusedtotreatburnsandotherinjuries,butoperationsaroundthemouthandnosehavebeenconsideredverydifficultbecauseofthearea’shighsensitivitytoforeigntissue.TeamsinFrance,theUnitedStatesandBritainhadbeendevelopingtechniquestomakefacetransplantsareality.Therewasashort-termriskforthepatientifbloodvesselsbecameblocked,amedium-termdangerofherbodyrejectingthenewskinandalong-termpossibilitythatthedrugsusedcouldcausecancers.Expertssaythatalthoughsuchmedicaladvancesshouldbecelebrated,thetransplanthadthrownupmoral(道德的)andethical(倫理的)issues.Littleisknownaboutthepsychologicaleffectofthetransplant.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】文章介紹第一次面部移植手術(shù)的過(guò)程，包括這個(gè)手術(shù)會(huì)帶來(lái)的危害和導(dǎo)致的辯論。5．Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.A．FirstFaceTransplantOpensDebateB．FrenchWomanHasFirstPartialFaceTransplant C．ApleteFaceTransplantofaFrenchWomanD．RisksandEthicalProblemsofaFaceTransplantB解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和第一段可知文章介紹了一個(gè)法國(guó)女性接受了第一次面部移植手術(shù)。故選B。6．WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftherisksoftheoperation?A．Heartdamage.B．Organrejection.C．Blockofbloodvessels.D．Sideeffectofthedrugs.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知這個(gè)手術(shù)的危險(xiǎn)有：器官排異；血管的堵塞；藥物的副作用。但是沒(méi)有提到對(duì)心臟的損壞。故選A。7．Whatcanwelearnabouttheoperation?A．Therehasarisenadebateabouttheoperation.B．Thewomanhadusedthedeadwoman’swholeface.C．Thewomanwillsufferfrompsychologicaldamagesoon.D．Suchtransplantshavebeenperformedbydoctors.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“Expertssaythatalthoughsuchmedicaladvancesshouldbecelebrated,thetransplanthadthrownupmoral(道德的)andethical(倫理的)issues.”可知手術(shù)已經(jīng)引起了辯論。故選A。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)語(yǔ)法填空Haveyoueverthoughtaboutthebestmealyouhaveevereaten?Formanypeople,itisn’tjustaboutthequalityofthefood;it’salsoaboutgreatmemoriesofaparticularvacationorthepersonitwasshared1.____________.Weasked100famouschefsfrom