李觀儀《新編英語教程（4）》（第3版）學(xué)習(xí)指南【詞匯短語＋課文精解＋全文翻譯＋練習(xí)答案】

Unit1一、詞匯短語TextⅠ1resolution[7rezE5lju:FEn]n.aresolvingtodosomething決心，決定：determined/unshakable/inflexibleresolution堅(jiān)定的決心；cometo/form/make/takearesolution下定決心2bless[bles]vt.toconferwell-beingorprosperityon保佑，賜福：beblessedwith有幸擁有3boundless[5baJndlIs]adj.havingnoboundariesorlimits無限的，無邊無際的：Starsaretwinklingintheboundlesssky.在遼闊無垠的天空上到處是繁星閃爍。4tiptoe[5tiptEu]vi.towalkormovequietlyonone’stoes踮起腳走：Shetiptoedtothebedsideofthesleepingchild.她用腳尖悄悄地走到酣睡的孩子床前。tiptoe與pad，creep，sneak都表示“放輕腳步走”：tiptoe指用腳尖走。pad指光著腳或穿著柔軟的鞋有規(guī)則地走，如：Hepadaboutthehouseinhisslippers.他穿著拖鞋在家中走來走去。creep指躡手躡腳，緩慢地、悄悄地走，creep還可指動(dòng)物的爬行或植物的蔓延。sneak多用于鬼鬼祟祟的行為，如：Ihadtosneakaroundandhidemysmokingfrommyparents.為了抽煙，我必須鬼鬼祟祟地躲開我的父母。5spontaneous[spCn5teinjEs,-niEs]adj.arisingfromanaturalinclinationorimpulseandnotfromexternalincitementorconstraint自發(fā)的，自然產(chǎn)生的。其名詞形式為spontaneityn.自發(fā)性6affection[E5fekFEn]n.feelingoflikingorloveandcaring喜愛：其形容詞形式為affectionateadj.親愛的，摯愛的；與之容易混淆的詞為affectationn.假裝，做作7shriek[Fri:k]n.&v.ashrill,oftenfranticcry尖叫：與之意思相近的詞有scream，screech，squeal，yelp，其中shriek經(jīng)常是瘋狂地尖叫；scream一般來講表示一種延長的刺耳聲音，暗示著經(jīng)受了身體上或者情感上的痛苦；screech強(qiáng)調(diào)一種高聲的、刺耳的、經(jīng)常令人煩惱的聲音；squeal尤指小孩突然發(fā)出的高聲尖叫；yelp指因疼痛而發(fā)出的短暫叫喊。8sneak[sni:k]v.tomove,give,take,orputinaquiet,stealthymanner偷偷地做：Hesneakedcandyintohismouth.他偷偷地把糖塞進(jìn)嘴巴。9sincere[sin5siE]adj.beingwithouthypocrisyorpretense;true真誠的，真實(shí)的：Pleasegivemysincereregardstoallthemembersofyourfamily.請(qǐng)向你全家轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)我真摯的問候。10compliment[5kCmplimEnt]n.&v.anexpressionofpraise,admiration,orcongratulation恭維，贊美：Asincerecomplimentboostsone’smorale.由衷的稱贊可鼓舞一個(gè)人的精神?！緮U(kuò)展】complimentaryadj.問候的，稱贊的；與之易混淆的詞為complement(n.&vt.補(bǔ)足，使……完美)11aspirin[5AspErin]n.amedicinethatreducespain,inflammation,andfever阿斯匹林(解熱鎮(zhèn)痛藥)12escapement[is5keipmEnt]n.a)thepartofaclockorawatchwhichcontrolsthemovingpartsinside(鐘表的)擺輪；b)anescape脫逃13wind[waind]vt.tocoilthespringof(amechanism)byturningastemorcord給……上發(fā)條：windawatch給表上發(fā)條：【搭配】windup結(jié)束，最終；winddown(鐘表等發(fā)條)松弛，漸減14coronary[5kCrEnEri]adj.of,relatingto,orbeingthecoronaryarteriesorcoronaryveins冠狀動(dòng)脈或靜脈15jovially[5dVEuvjEli]adv.behaveinacheerfulandhappymanner愉快地，高興地16swarm[swC:m]v.tomoveorgatherinlargenumbers蜂擁，云集：swarmwith充滿著，擠滿著；swarminto涌入17rap[rAp]v.a)tostrikeaquick,lightblow輕敲：raponthedoor敲門；b)touttersharply厲聲說出：Herappedoutacomplaint.他尖銳地說出埋怨之詞。18pajamas[pE5dVB:mEz]n.softpairoftrousersandatopthatyouwearinbed睡衣，寬長褲19ease[i:z]v.toalleviate;lessen減輕，緩和：Thedoctorprescribedadrugtoeasehispain.醫(yī)生拿藥來減輕他的病痛。20brand-new[brAnd5nju:]adj.beinginafreshandunusedcondition;completelynew嶄新的：Igiveyouendlessbrand-newgoodwishes.給你我無盡的新的祝福。21defensively[di5fensivli]adv.inadefensivemanner防御地22putaway放好某物putsth.initsproperplace：Shewashedthecupsandputthemaway.她洗完杯子后便把他們收了起來。23scout[skaut]n.anorganizationforboysthatteachesthempracticalskills童子軍24trivial[5triviEl]adj.oflittlesignificance;ordinary瑣碎的，普通的：Don’tbeangryoversuchtrivialmatters.別為這些瑣事生氣。25zest[zest]n.vigorousandenthusiasticenjoyment熱情，熱忱：Heenteredintoourplanswithterrificzest.他滿腔熱情地參加了我們的項(xiàng)目。26sarcastic[sB:5kAstik]adj.giventousingsarcasm諷刺的：Shehasasarcastictongue.她喜歡挖苦人。27mitten[5mitn]n.atypeofglovethatdoesnothaveseparatepartsforeachfinger連指手套28jack[dVAk]n.achildren’sgameinwhichtheplayerstrytopickupsmallobjectscalledjackswhilebouncingandcatchingaball拋石游戲，抓子游戲29strikeuptostart開始：strikeupaconversation開始交談：Weimmediatelystruckupalivelyconversation.我們立即愉快地交談起來。30rapport[rA5pC:t]n.friendlyagreementandunderstandingbetweenpeople關(guān)系，友好：establishapleasantformofrapportwithsb.與某人建立起一種宜人的融洽關(guān)系31touchonmentionsth.briefly簡(jiǎn)述，略微提及：Inhislectureongeology,hetouchedonthesubjectofclimate.他在關(guān)于地質(zhì)學(xué)的報(bào)告中，也涉及氣候問題。32morality[mR5rAlItI]n.beliefsorideasaboutwhatisrightandwrongandabouthowpeopleshouldbehave道德：Jacelinisapersonofstrictmorality.杰斯林是個(gè)品行極其端正的人。33sponge[spQndV]n.apieceofasoftnaturalorartificialsubstancefullofsmallholes,whichcansuckupliquidandisusedforwashing海綿34dread[dred]v.tobeinterrorof畏懼，害怕：Idreadavisittothedentist.我害怕去看牙醫(yī)。35whittle[5(h)witl]vt.cutsmallbitsorpareshavingsfrom削，切：Don’twhittlethestickdowntoomuchoritwon’tbelongenough.別把那棍削得太多，不然就不夠長了。36cross-examine[krRsI^5zAmIn]v.toquestionapersonclosely盤詰，反復(fù)詢問：cross-examineawitness盤問證人37commotion[kE5mEuFEn]n.alotofnoise,confusion,andexcitement騷動(dòng)，暴亂：Theymadeacommotionbyyellingateachotherinthetheatre.他們?cè)趧≡豪锵嗷?zhēng)吵，引起了一陣騷亂。38uneasily[9Qn`i:zIlI]adv.withanxietyorapprehension不安地，不自在地：Theaudienceshifteduneasilyintheirseats.觀眾在座位上不安地動(dòng)來動(dòng)去。39even-tempered[5i:vEn5tempEd]adj.easygoing;calm性情平和的，溫和的：aneven-temperedcharacter性情溫和的人40snarl[snB:l]n.&v.tospeakangrilyorthreateningly吼叫，怒吼：Thedogsnarledatme.這狗對(duì)我低吼。41sprawl[sprC:l]v.tositorliewiththebodyandlimbsspreadoutawkwardly四肢攤開：Hesprawledhislegs.他懶散地伸開雙腿。b)tocausetospreadoutinastragglingordisorderedfashion蔓延：Newhousessprawledoverthecountrysideoutsidethecity.在城外的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)散亂地分布著一幢幢新建的房屋。TextⅡ1ambitious[Am5biFEs]adj.determinedtobesuccessful,rich,powerfuletc有雄心的，野心勃勃的：Hewasanambitiousmanwithastrongpersonality.他是個(gè)有抱負(fù)的人，性格堅(jiān)強(qiáng)?！緮U(kuò)展】ambitiouslyadv.雄心勃勃地【搭配】ambitiousfor(power/socialposition/etc.)極欲獲得(權(quán)力/社會(huì)地位等等)2matter-of-factlyadv.showingnoemotionwhenyouaretalkingaboutsomethingexciting,frightening,upsettingetc實(shí)事求是地：Oncesosaidmatter-of-factly:September,I’llgothere.Andtherewasthechancetomeetyouin.曾經(jīng)那么信誓旦旦的說：九月，我一定會(huì)去那里，這樣就有了再見到你的機(jī)會(huì)。3mutual[5mju:tFuEl]adj.a)sharedbytwoormorepeople共同的：ourmutualfriend我們共同的朋友b)usedtodescribefeelingsthattwoormorepeoplehaveforeachotherequally,oractionsthataffecttwoormorepeopleequally相互的：mutualaid互助4freshman[5freFmən]n.astudentwhoisinhisorherfirstyearofcollege大一學(xué)生5grandiose[5^rAndiEus]adj.seemingveryimpressivebuttoolarge,complicated,expensive,etc.tobepracticalorpossible浮夸的；富麗堂皇的6apologetic[E7pClE5dVetik]adj.feelingorshowingthatyouaresorryfordoingsomethingwrongorforcausingaproblem道歉的，認(rèn)錯(cuò)的：Hewasapologeticforarrivinglate.他為遲到而表示歉意。7ruthless[5ru:WlIs]adj.hardandcruel無情的，殘忍的：Theteacherwasruthlessaboutmymistakes.老師對(duì)于我的錯(cuò)誤毫不留情。8attainable[E5teinEbl]adj.thatyoucanachieve可得到的：Ourgoalisattainable.我們的目標(biāo)是可以達(dá)到的?！緮U(kuò)展】同根詞：attainvt.達(dá)到，獲得9stomp[stCmp]towalk,dance,ormovewithheavystepsvt.&vi.踩踏，踐踏：stompone’sfeet跺腳10adventurous[Ed5ventFErEs]adj.fullofnew,excitingordangerousexperiences喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的：Hewaspredestinedtoleadanadventurouslife.他注定要過冒險(xiǎn)的生活。11overdrive[5EuvE5draiv]n.anextrahighgearinavehicle,thatyouusewhenyouaredrivingathighspeeds超速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)：overdrivecapacitor超速電容器12gratification[7^rAtifi5keiFEn]n.somethingthatgivesyoupleasure滿意：Sheflushedwithgratification.她因喜悅而臉紅了。13miserable[5mizErEbl]adj.a)veryunhappyoruncomfortable難受的，悲慘的：Hehadthoughtthroughhismiserablelife.他回顧他悲慘的一生。b)makingyoufeelveryunhappyoruncomfortable令人難受的：Shetookoffhismiserableshoes.她替他脫去令人難受的鞋子。14slog[slC^]vi.&vt.a)toworkhardandsteadilyatsomething辛勤工作(常與through搭配)：slogthroug