可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 語法知識點梳理匯總

可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞一、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個數(shù)計算的，這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞分為個體名詞（表示某類人或事物中的個體，如worker,farmer,desk,factory等）和集體名詞（表示作為一個整體來看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family等）。如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個數(shù)來計算的，這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞分為物質(zhì)名詞（表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)，如meat,rice,water,milk,orange等）和抽象名詞（表示動作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念，如work,homework,time,health,friendship等）。二、關(guān)于可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個人或一件事物時，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個或多個人或事物時用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下：1.一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s。如：book→booksroom→roomshouse→housesday→days2.以s,ss,ch,sh,x結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es。如：bus→busesglass→glasseswatch→watchesdish→dishesbox→boxes3.以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的名詞，要先將y改為i再加-es。如：city→citiesbody→bodiesfactory→factories等等。4.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如：half→halvesleaf→leavesknife→kniveswife→wives5.特例[悄悄話：特例常?？?，要記住。]①child→children②man→menwoman→womenpoliceman→policemen（規(guī)律：man→men）③tomato→tomatoespotato→potatoes[悄悄話：初中英語以o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時只有這兩個詞加-es，其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍！如：photo→photos]④foot→feettooth→teeth[悄悄話：oo變成ee。]⑤sheep,Chinese,Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形[悄悄話：變復(fù)數(shù)時詞形不變。]⑥people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，要求謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指“多個民族”。三、關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞1.不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)它作句子的主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：Thefoodisveryfresh.食品很新鮮。2.有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞，有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如：water（水）→waters（水域）orange（橘汁）→oranges（橘子）3.很多的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時為不可數(shù)，表示種類時就可數(shù)，但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如：fruit→fruitsfood→foodsfish→fisheshair→hairs四、名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)“六注意”1、可數(shù)名詞是可以用來計數(shù)的名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：desk-desks,apple-apples等。不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來計數(shù)的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，只有單數(shù)形式。如：somebread，alittlemilk等。2、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時，前面要用不定冠詞a（an），表示特指時，前面要用定冠詞the;而不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a（an）修飾，表示特指時，前面一定要用定冠詞the。如：Heisafactoryworker.他是一名工人。Noonecanseeair.沒有人能看見空氣。3、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some,any,alotof,lotsof等來修飾，表示"一些，許多"。如：Therearesomeorangesonthedesk.桌子上有一些桔子。Thereisalotofwaterinthebottle.瓶里有許多水。4、可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來表示具體的數(shù)量。如：twoapples,fourbooks等。不可數(shù)名詞前通常用"單位詞+of"來表示數(shù)量。如：apieceofpaper,threepiecesofpaper等。5、可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。如：Thispictureisverybeautiful.這幅畫很美。不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式，但是不可數(shù)名詞前有復(fù)數(shù)"單位詞"時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Therearetwocupsofteaonthetable.桌上有兩杯茶。6、對可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用howmany;對不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用howmuch。如：Howmanyapplesarethereinthebox?盒子里有多少個蘋果？Howmuchteaisthereinthecup?杯里有多少茶水？注意：對不可數(shù)名詞前的"單位詞"的修飾語提問時，疑問詞用howmany。如：Howmanypiecesofbreadarethereontheplate?盤子里有多少片面包？

一.寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：1.house_________2.village___________3.map__________4.orange_________5.bag___________6.exercise___________7.brush__________8.family___________9.bus___________10.city__________11.box___________12.baby__________13.class__________14.factory_________15.glass__________16.dictionary_________17.watch_________18.woman_________19.match__________20.man_________21.wish__________22.German__________23.tomato_________24.policeman___________25.kilo__________26.human_________27.potato___________28.Chinese__________29.shelf__________30.Japanese__________31.leaf___________32.American__________33.life___________34.tooth__________35.wife___________36.foot___________37.knife__________38.sheep__________39.half___________41.scarf________42.postman______43.staff_________二.選擇填空：1.Iwanttobuy________.A.twobottlesofinkB.twobottleofinkC.twobottleofinksD.twobottlesofinks2.Theydon’thavetodo_______today.A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomeworkD.muchhomeworks3.Therearethree______andseven______inthepicture.A.cows,sheepsB.cows,sheepC.cow,sheepD.cow,sheeps4.June1is_______.A.children’sdayB.children’sDayC.Children’sDayD.Children’sday5.______roomisnexttotheirparents’.A.Kate’sandJoan’sB.Kate’sandJoanC.KateandJoan’sD.KateandJoan6.MissGreenisafriendof_______.A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sD.mother’sofMary7.Sheep_______whiteandmilk_______alsowhite.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are8.I’dliketohaveaglassofmilkand_______.A.twobreadsB.twopiecesofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread9.Many______aresingingoverthere.A.womanB.womenC.girlD.child10.Hebought_______.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoeD.twopairofshoe11.Mr.Whitehasthree_______.A.childB.childrenC.childsD.childrens12.---Arethese______?---No,theyaren’t.They’re_______.A.sheep,cowsB.sheep,cowC.sheeps,cowD.sheeps,cows13.Therearemany______inthefridge.A.fishB.fruitC.eggsD.bread14.---Whoseroomisthis?---It’s_______.A.LiMingB.LiMing’sC.LiMingsD.LiMings’15.Hereare______foryou,Sue.A.potatosB.somepotatoesC.threetomatosD.sometomato16.Herearesomebirthdaycardswithourbest______forher.A.wishB.hopeC.wishesD.hopes17.Ialwaysgotothat______tobuyfoodonSunday.A.shopB.parkC.zooD.garden18.______roomisonthe5thfloor.A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily’sC.Lucy’sandLilyD.Lucy’sandLily’s19.Mum,I’mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme________.A.twoorangeB.twobottleoforangesC.twobottlesoforangeD.twobottlesoforanges20.Howwonderful!The______ismadeof_______.A.house,glassB.house,glassesC.houses,glassD.houses,glasses21.Imetsome______intheparkandtalkedwiththemtheotherday.A.JanpanesesB.AmericanC.ChinesesD.English22.Therearetwo______intheroom.A.shelfB.shelfsC.shelfesD.shelves23.Thereareseven______inaweek.A.yearsB.monthsC.daysD.minutes24.Myfatherisa______.Heworksinahospital.A.teacherB.doctorC.farmerD.writer25.---Excuseme,areyou______?---Yes,I’mfrom________.A.Japan,JapaneseB.China,ChineseC.England,EnglishD.American,America1、Thereonthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.A.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotos2.ThiscarmadeinShanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has3.Therearefourandtwointhegroup. A.Japanese,GermenBJapaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermanC.Japanese,Germans4.That’sartbook.A.anB.aC.theDare5.Theboyshavegotalready.A.twobreadB.twobreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread6.Theoldmanwants.A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples7.Theresomeintheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish8.Theretwointhebox.A.iswatchB.arewatchesC.arewatchD.iswatches9.Weshouldcleantwiceaday.A.ourtoothB.ourtoothsC.teethD.ourteeth10.The_____meetingroomisnearthereadingroom.A.teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers’D.teachers11.InBritain_____areallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersbox12.Thereare_____birdsinthatbigtree.A.hundredsofB.fivehundredsofC.fivehundredofD.hundredofII.找出不可數(shù)名詞，在橫線上打勾，并將可數(shù)名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式：homework______half______advice______money______knowledge______boot_____blood______music______chicken________heat_____mouth______bread_______information______milk_____cow_______tear________III.選擇填空：1.Thedeerhasfour______.A.footB.feetC.feetsD.foots2.Hertwobrothersareboth______.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemenD.policemens3.Therearefour_____andtwo______inthegroup.A.Japanese,GermenB.Japaneses,GermenC.Japanese,Germans4.Two______wouldcometothevillage.A.woman-doctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctors5.Canyouseenine_____inthepicture?A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse6.The_____hastwo______.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watchesD.boys,watch7.Theboyoftenbrusheshis_____beforehegoestobed.A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths8.TheJapanese____willnotleaveChinauntilshefinishesherstudy.A.womanB.womenC.manD.men9.Therearelotsof_____inthebasketonthetable.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss10.Thecatcaughttwo______lastnight.A.mousesB.miceC.mouseD.mices四．單復(fù)數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換：A.單數(shù)句變復(fù)數(shù)句Thereisabookshelfinmybedroom.→Shehasanolddressinherwardrobe.→Iwillworkhardallmylife.→ThattaxidriverisXiaoHong’suncle.→Canyouseeadeerrunningintheforest?→B.復(fù)數(shù)句變單數(shù)句Theyoungwomenareallinwhitetrousers.→Theywanttobeeditors-in-chief.→Theseboyswillmakefriendswiththosegirls.→Theoldladieshavemanygrandchildren.→五、選擇填空：1.Therearetwelveinayear.A.monthB.monthesC.months2.Threearestandingoverthere.A.policeB.policemanC.policemen3.Thesoldiersgavetheirtothecountryinthewar（戰(zhàn)爭）.A.livesB.lifesC.life4.Look!Hereisyour.A.skirtB.shirtsC.skirts5.HalfoftheweretakeninEngland.A.photoesB.photosC.photo6.Ihavetoday.A.headacheB.aheadacheC.headaches7.I’minterestedinoneofthese.A.storyB.storiesC.storys8.MyunclewatchedafewTVlastweek.A.playB.plaiesC.plays9.Shehadthreeforlunch.A.bottlesoforangejuicesB.bottleoforangejuiceC.bottlesoforangejuice10.Therearetwoontheplate.A.piecesofmeatB.pieceofmeatC.piecesofmeats11.Motherboughtapairofformelastweek.A.shoeB.glassesC.glass12.SeveralwillvisitourschoolnextMonday.A.JapanesesB.AmericansC.Englishman13.Canyougiveusanytodo?A.worksB.workerC.work14.It’saboutanwalkfromheretomyhome.A.hoursB.hours’C.hour’s15.aresittingatthebreakfasttable.A.ThefamilyB.FamilyC.Families16.turnyellowinautumn.A.LeavesB.LeafsC.leaf17.Inafewtimewehopetocoverthosemountains.A.yearsB.year’sC.years’18.Twentyyounginourvillagejoinedthearmylastyear.A.peoplesB.people’sC.people19.areahardworkingpeople.A.ChineseB.TheChinesesC.TheChinese20.Jacktookawaymypencil-boxby.A.amistakeB.mistakeC.mistakes21.Motherdoesinmyfamily.A.muchhouseworkB.muchhomeworkC.manyhouseworks22.Pleasemakefortheoldman.A.aroomB.roomC.theroom23.I’llgiveyoutofinishthework.A.twoday’stimeB.twodaystimeC.twodays’time24.Wewalkwithour.A.footsB.footC.feet25.Sheoftengoestothefactory,notbybus.A.byfootB.onfootC.byherfoot26.Howmanycanyouseeinthepicture?A.monkeyB.monkeysC.monkeies27.“Whatisshe?”“Sheis.”A.LilyB.hersisterC.agirlstudent28.Thesunrisesintheandgoesdowninthe.A.west,eastB.ease,northC.east,west29.HalfofthetelephonecallsaremadeinEnglish.A.worldsB.worldC.world’s30.Weusuallyhavefourinthemorning.A.classB.class’sC.classes31.Theofthetablearetooshort.A.legB.legsC.leggs32.Thatshopsellsclothes.A.themen’sB.men’sC.man’s33.“Whoseroomisthat?”“It’s.”A.myB.mybrother’sC.mybrothers34.Howmanydoyouhave?A.toothsB.teethC.toothes35.Heisaboy.A.six-year-oldB.six-years-oldC.sixyearsold36.We'vemissedthelastbus.I'mafraidwehavenobuttotakeataxi.A.way B.choice C.possibility D.selection37.Here'smynumber.Let'skeepin.A.touch B.relation C.connection D.friendship38.Davidgainedhis byprintingoffamouswriters.

A.wealth;work B.wealths;worksC.wealths;work