2019外研社版高中英語必修三Unit 5 What an adventure!知識清單(學生版)

閱讀單詞認讀oxygenn.portn.alcoholn.rubbern.cottonn.cottonwoolsubmarinen.chaptern.helmetn.nutn.vibrationn.atomn.重點單詞識記adv.因此,從而n.地區(qū),地帶n.國界,邊界v.證實,證明n.努力,嘗試n.繃帶n.指導方針,指導原則n.布n.液體,液態(tài)物n.傷,損害v.延伸,綿延n.主管,負責n.船長adv.在前面n.光線,光束adv.逐漸地,逐步地n.岸,濱n.地毯adj.寬的,闊的prep.在……之下,在……正下方n.居民,住戶n.雄性動物核心詞匯拓展__________adj.開始的,最初的→__________adv.最初__________n.人群→__________adj.擁擠的__________n.失敗→__________v.失敗__________n.心理學家→__________n.心理學;心理;心理影響→__________adj.心理(學)的__________n.驚險,刺激v.使興奮→__________adj.非常興奮的→__________adj.令人激動的→__________n.驚險小說__________adj.未覺察到的,未意識到的→__________adj.意識到的;明白的→__________n.意識__________n.羊毛,毛織物→__________(＝__________)adj.羊毛的__________n.流血,失血→__________v.流血→__________n.血__________n.仆人;職員;公務員→__________v.提供(食物),端上(飯菜);服務→__________n.服務__________v.允許,準許,許可n.許可證→__________n.允許,許可__________adj.被迷住的,被吸引住的→__________v.深深吸引;迷住→__________adj.有吸引力的,迷人的__________v.相聯(lián)系,有關聯(lián);講述→__________adj.有關的__________v.使吃驚,使驚訝→__________adj.驚訝的→__________adj.令人驚訝的→__________n.吃驚,驚訝__________v.消耗→__________n.消費;消耗→__________n.消費者__________v.看清;認出;區(qū)別,辨別→__________adj.高貴的;卓越的,杰出的__________v.環(huán)繞,圍繞→__________adj.周圍的→__________n.環(huán)境__________adj.有皺褶的→__________n.皺紋v.起皺紋__________n.(光、聲等的)強度→__________eadj.強烈的,激烈的__________n.深,深度→__________adj.深的adv.在深處→__________v.加深;(使)變深核心短語速記使……成為焦點在大白天succeedindoing賺錢figureout導致referto...as...代表cushionn.墊子vt.緩沖customsn.海關;關稅databasen.資料庫,數(shù)據(jù)庫deadlinen.最后期限,截止日期decaden.十年declinevt.&vi.婉拒;衰落;減弱decreasevi.減少dictationn.聽寫deliberatelyadv.故意地VascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.(the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋todo)瓦斯科·達·伽馬(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探險家,也是第一位從海上到達印度的歐洲人。ChristopherColumbus(1451－1506)wasanItalianexplorerwhocompletedjourneysbetweenSpainandtheAmericas,thusmarkingthebeginningofEuropeanexplorationoftheAmericas.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語)克里斯托弗·哥倫布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探險家,他完成了從西班牙到美洲的航行,從而標志著歐洲人在美洲探險的開始。Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(suggestthat＋從句)研究還表明,我們對于冒險的渴望與我們期待從中獲得多少收益有關。CaptainNemowalkedinfront,oneofhismenfollowingsomestepsbehind.(獨立主格結構)尼摩船長走在前面,他的一個手下在后面幾步處跟著。Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.(完全倒裝)頭頂上是平靜的海面。請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。crowd,fascinate,unaware,permission,charge,attemptOurcaptain,whowasin1.__________ofthewholesubmarine,lookedcharmingandwasdistinguished.Heoftengotupaheadoftime,andnoonecouldgooutwithouthis2.__________.Tomyastonishment,thesubmarinewasoftensurroundedby3.__________offish.Weusuallydivedtothedepths,wherewewere4.__________bythebeautifulscenery.Sometimes,weweresothrilledthatwewouldbe5.__________ofthedanger,whichmightbringussomeinjury.Oneday,whenwemadean6.__________togoclosetotheshore,wefoundthatthebeachwaslikeablanket,wrappingthesea.Howamazing!Turningtoourcaptain,wesawasmilespreadacrosshiswrinkledface.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯confirmv.證實,證明(confirmationn.確認;證實;證明)confirmsth/that.../wh-...證實;進一步確定……confirmsbinsth/confirmsbthat...使某人確信某事Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已經確定……Theexpressiononhisfaceconfirmedme__________mysuspicions.Manyplanetsareknowntoexistbeyondoursolarsystem,buttherehasbeenno__________(confirm)ofamoonontheoutside.已經證實所有傷者都被及時送往醫(yī)院了。alltheinjuredweresenttothehospitalintime.crowdn.人群vt.擁擠,塞滿;涌上心頭(crowdedadj.擁擠的)acrowdof/crowdsof一大群;很多crowdinto涌入crowdout將……擠出;擁擠becrowdedwith擠滿……DuringThanksgivingshopping,the__________pouredin,makingtheshopvery__________.(crowd)OntheNationalDay,thestreetsarecrowded__________alargenumberofpeople.回憶涌上心頭,她哭了起來。(讀后續(xù)寫之回憶)Withthememories,sheburstintotears.attemptn.&v.企圖;試圖;嘗試;努力(attemptedadj.未遂的)makeanattempttodo/atdoing...嘗試做……inanattempttodosth試圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試attempttodo/(at)doing...嘗試/試圖做……Policesaythey’retreatingitasacaseof__________(attempt)murder.ItwasreallyathrillthatIpassedmydrivingtest__________thefirstattempt.我們試圖在黑暗中認出回家的路,但是白費力氣。backhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptv.)backhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptn.)chargev.收費;控告;充電n.費用;控告;主管,掌管;充電量chargesbwith(doing)sth＝accusesbof(doing)sth指控某人犯……罪chargesbmoneyforsth因某事/物收某人錢freeofcharge＝forfree免費takechargeof掌管(表動作)inchargeof掌管(表狀態(tài))inthechargeof被……掌管;由……負責Howmuchdidhechargeyou__________repairingthispairofshoes?Themandressedinredwascharged__________crossingtheborderillegally.作為學生會主席,我被委派負責安排你在天津逗留期間的所有活動。(話題寫作之活動安排)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(takechargeof)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(inchargeof)上周,我們就市民是否可以免費使用科學博物館展開了熱烈的討論。(應用文寫作之議論文)Lastweek,wehadaheateddebateabout.astonishvt.使十分驚訝;使吃驚[astonishedadj.感到驚訝的(指人的主觀感受)astonishingadj.令人驚訝的astonishmentn.驚訝]beastonishedat/bysth因某事感到驚訝beastonishedtodosth對做某事感到驚訝inastonishment吃驚地toone’sastonishment讓某人驚訝的是Thephotographerwas__________atthe__________gquestioninhisownmind.(astonish)雙胞胎非常吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們第一次嘗試做早餐失敗了。(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫)Thetwinsthattheirfirstattempttocookabreakfastfailed.thattheirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonish,主語從句),theirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonishment)看到那個場景,我們驚訝地張大了嘴。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)Seeingthescene,ourmouthsdroppedopen.distinguishv.辨別;看清,認出(distinguishedadj.卓越的;有尊嚴的)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……;把……與……區(qū)分開distinguishoneself使自己揚名bedistinguishedfor因……而出名bedistinguishedas作為……而出名Thewomandistinguished__________awriter__________herlatestsciencefictionagreedthatreadinggoodbookscanteachustodistinguish__________rightandwrong.WearefascinatedbyLangPingwhohasalreadydistinguished__________(she)asagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.這場音樂會真的值得看,因為許多杰出的音樂家將在音樂會上表演。Theconcertisreallyworthwatchingbecausewillperformintheconcert.figureout弄明白;計算出;想出(figuren.身材,體形;數(shù)字;人物;圖案;輪廓;人影vt.認為,認定;計算)figurethat...認為……;認定……keepone’sfigure保持體形Theyfigured__________itwasbettertostaywheretheywere.只有通過均衡飲食和經常鍛煉,你才能既保持體形又保持健康。(應用文寫作之建議信)Onlybymeansofbalanceddietsandregularexerciseaswellasstayhealthy.我不明白為什么我要貢獻我的勞動所得。(2021·浙江6月,讀后續(xù)寫)whyIshouldcontributemyearnings.the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todoVascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.瓦斯科·達·伽馬(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探險家,也是第一位從海上到達印度的歐洲人。當中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級等修飾時或前有theonly,thelast,thebest等時,常用動詞不定式作后置定語。在time,way,chance,opportunity,ability,promise,attempt等名詞后,常用不定式作后置定語,表示將要發(fā)生的動作。Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattempts__________(contact)youfailed.約翰是第一個想出做爆米花幫助伯納德掙外快的人。他相信他有能力幫助伯納德走出困境。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫)JohnwastohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.Hewasconvincedthathe.我能說一口流利的英語,而且我是班上唯一一個出國深造的學生。毫無疑問我是負責這項工作的最佳人選。(應用文寫作之申請信)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamforfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIamthejob.自從她搬到北京以來,她就一直在找房子住。sinceshemovedtoBeijing.用法點撥：如果不定式中的動詞是不及物動詞,后面必須有必要的介詞。(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.對語言數(shù)據(jù)庫的分析也證實,在新石器時代之后,世界語言的語音發(fā)生了全球性的變化,“f”和“v”的使用在過去幾千年里顯著增加。(2020·新高考全國Ⅱ)Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet—storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.熱帶雨林就是地球的肺——儲存了大量的二氧化碳,并產生了世界上大部分氧氣。(2020·浙江7月)Sometimeafter10,000BCE,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.公元前1萬年之后的某一段時間,人們第一次真正試圖通過農業(yè)來控制他們生活的世界。(2020·新高考全國Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.雖然他承認工程項目可能會因為那些想出或設計它們的人犯了錯誤而失敗,但在這本書中,彼得羅斯基博士拓寬了他的視野,考慮了此類失敗發(fā)生的更廣泛的背景。(2019·天津)Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.戰(zhàn)爭中受的傷使他的左手不能正常使用,而且他經常被關進監(jiān)獄。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙figureA.數(shù)字B.身影C.身材D.人物HenryMoore,asculptor,isregardedasoneofthemostfamousfiguresintheworld.Shereportedthelatesttradefigurestohermanager.Everywomanwantsaslimfigurenowadays.Aswewereapproaching,wesawadimfigure,whichturnedouttobeUnclePaul,wholivedinaquietneighbourhood.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。I’msurethatChinesepeopleconsumethelargestamountofriceintheworld.Heroseandstretchedhimself.Thegirlgreeteduswithabroadsmile,herlonghairflowinginthebreeze.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識Ithasbeenconfirmedthattheman__________(charge)withstealingthecarwastakentothepolice.Tohisgreatjoy,hesucceededingettingthejobhehadbeendreamingabout__________hisfirstattempt.He__________(confirm)ascaptainfortherestoftheseason,makingtheteammembersinspired.It__________(astonish)usthathewasstimulatedtogetridofthebadhabitofstayinguplate.Unaware__________whatwashappeningaroundhim,theoldmandidn’tknowwhattosay.Havingbeensponsoredbyacompany,hisdream__________(go)tocollegecametrueatlast.Sheis__________(distinguish)asapsychologist,whooffersfrequenthelptothoseteenagersintrouble.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionwasbrought__________focusafterhispassionatespeech.Couldyoutellmewhatthelettersstand__________inthepopularTVplaywhichisbeingbroadcast？Thegirl’sfatherdidn’tpermither__________(take)partintheactivitiesintheneighbourhood.單句寫作——應用文增分練(話題寫作之課外輔導班)許多父母試圖花很多錢在孩子們的課外課程上,如鋼琴、計算機科學、外語等等。(attempttodo)孩子們整個周末都用來上課外課程,這使得他們無法盡情玩樂。(分詞作結果狀語)這表明父母已經意識到教育的重要性。(suggest＋從句)然而,我認為沒有什么比孩子們的身心健康更重要的了。(figure)微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]心理描寫fascinatedadj.被迷住的,被吸引住的astonishv.使吃驚,使驚訝→astonishmentn.驚訝thrilln.驚險,刺激unawareadj.未覺察到的,未意識到的動作描寫confirmv.證實,證明consumev.消耗distinguishv.看清;認出bleedingn.流血,失血injuryn.傷,損害→injurevt.傷害;使受傷→injuredadj.受傷的permitv.允許,準許,許可surroundv.環(huán)繞,圍繞attemptn.努力,嘗試failuren.失敗crowdn.人群v.涌上心頭;擁擠人物描寫chargen.主管,負責captainn.船長wrinkledadj.有皺褶的[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。被周圍的美景迷住,Tin沒有意識到即將到來的危險。一個醉酒的司機把他撞倒,使他受了重傷。他的腿碰破(split)流血了。一群人開始圍住他看發(fā)生了什么事,他們驚訝地張大了嘴注視著。就在那時,Mary學過的急救方法涌入了她的腦海,她用繃帶包扎傷口去止血。她及時的幫助對Tin的幸存起到了重大的作用。這一事件使Mary堅定了將來成為醫(yī)生的決心。,Tin.Adrunkdriverknockedhimdown,.Hislegssplitandbled.Acrowdofpeoplestartedtosurroundhimtoseewhatwashappening.,open-mouthed.Itwasthenthatthefirst-aidknowledgeMarylearned.She.HertimelyhelpTin’ssurvival.TheincidentconfirmedMaryinherdecisiontobecomeadoctorinthefuture.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共20分)Themeetingroomisquite__________with__________ofpeople__________intoit.(crowd)Thoughtheartshow__________toattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected,itwasfarfrombeinga__________;actually,itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)Helikesseeing__________andtelling__________storiesbecauseheenjoysthefeelingofbeing__________.(thrill)Health__________hasincreasedoverthepastdecade.Forexample,smokersare__________ofthedangersofsmokingtotheirownhealth.(aware)Thetwo__________