2019外研社版高中英語必修三Unit 5 What an adventure!知識(shí)清單(學(xué)生版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀oxygenn.portn.alcoholn.rubbern.cottonn.cottonwoolsubmarinen.chaptern.helmetn.nutn.vibrationn.atomn.重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記adv.因此,從而n.地區(qū),地帶n.國界,邊界v.證實(shí),證明n.努力,嘗試n.繃帶n.指導(dǎo)方針,指導(dǎo)原則n.布n.液體,液態(tài)物n.傷,損害v.延伸,綿延n.主管,負(fù)責(zé)n.船長adv.在前面n.光線,光束adv.逐漸地,逐步地n.岸,濱n.地毯adj.寬的,闊的prep.在……之下,在……正下方n.居民,住戶n.雄性動(dòng)物核心詞匯拓展__________adj.開始的,最初的→__________adv.最初__________n.人群→__________adj.擁擠的__________n.失敗→__________v.失敗__________n.心理學(xué)家→__________n.心理學(xué);心理;心理影響→__________adj.心理(學(xué))的__________n.驚險(xiǎn),刺激v.使興奮→__________adj.非常興奮的→__________adj.令人激動(dòng)的→__________n.驚險(xiǎn)小說__________adj.未覺察到的,未意識(shí)到的→__________adj.意識(shí)到的;明白的→__________n.意識(shí)__________n.羊毛,毛織物→__________(＝__________)adj.羊毛的__________n.流血,失血→__________v.流血→__________n.血__________n.仆人;職員;公務(wù)員→__________v.提供(食物),端上(飯菜);服務(wù)→__________n.服務(wù)__________v.允許,準(zhǔn)許,許可n.許可證→__________n.允許,許可__________adj.被迷住的,被吸引住的→__________v.深深吸引;迷住→__________adj.有吸引力的,迷人的__________v.相聯(lián)系,有關(guān)聯(lián);講述→__________adj.有關(guān)的__________v.使吃驚,使驚訝→__________adj.驚訝的→__________adj.令人驚訝的→__________n.吃驚,驚訝__________v.消耗→__________n.消費(fèi);消耗→__________n.消費(fèi)者_(dá)_________v.看清;認(rèn)出;區(qū)別,辨別→__________adj.高貴的;卓越的,杰出的__________v.環(huán)繞,圍繞→__________adj.周圍的→__________n.環(huán)境__________adj.有皺褶的→__________n.皺紋v.起皺紋__________n.(光、聲等的)強(qiáng)度→__________eadj.強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的__________n.深,深度→__________adj.深的adv.在深處→__________v.加深;(使)變深核心短語速記使……成為焦點(diǎn)在大白天succeedindoing賺錢figureout導(dǎo)致referto...as...代表cushionn.墊子vt.緩沖customsn.海關(guān);關(guān)稅databasen.資料庫,數(shù)據(jù)庫deadlinen.最后期限,截止日期decaden.十年declinevt.&vi.婉拒;衰落;減弱decreasevi.減少dictationn.聽寫deliberatelyadv.故意地VascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.(the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋todo)瓦斯科·達(dá)·伽馬(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探險(xiǎn)家,也是第一位從海上到達(dá)印度的歐洲人。ChristopherColumbus(1451－1506)wasanItalianexplorerwhocompletedjourneysbetweenSpainandtheAmericas,thusmarkingthebeginningofEuropeanexplorationoftheAmericas.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語)克里斯托弗·哥倫布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探險(xiǎn)家,他完成了從西班牙到美洲的航行,從而標(biāo)志著歐洲人在美洲探險(xiǎn)的開始。Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(suggestthat＋從句)研究還表明,我們對于冒險(xiǎn)的渴望與我們期待從中獲得多少收益有關(guān)。CaptainNemowalkedinfront,oneofhismenfollowingsomestepsbehind.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))尼摩船長走在前面,他的一個(gè)手下在后面幾步處跟著。Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.(完全倒裝)頭頂上是平靜的海面。請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。crowd,fascinate,unaware,permission,charge,attemptOurcaptain,whowasin1.__________ofthewholesubmarine,lookedcharmingandwasdistinguished.Heoftengotupaheadoftime,andnoonecouldgooutwithouthis2.__________.Tomyastonishment,thesubmarinewasoftensurroundedby3.__________offish.Weusuallydivedtothedepths,wherewewere4.__________bythebeautifulscenery.Sometimes,weweresothrilledthatwewouldbe5.__________ofthedanger,whichmightbringussomeinjury.Oneday,whenwemadean6.__________togoclosetotheshore,wefoundthatthebeachwaslikeablanket,wrappingthesea.Howamazing!Turningtoourcaptain,wesawasmilespreadacrosshiswrinkledface.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯confirmv.證實(shí),證明(confirmationn.確認(rèn);證實(shí);證明)confirmsth/that.../wh-...證實(shí);進(jìn)一步確定……confirmsbinsth/confirmsbthat...使某人確信某事Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已經(jīng)確定……Theexpressiononhisfaceconfirmedme__________mysuspicions.Manyplanetsareknowntoexistbeyondoursolarsystem,buttherehasbeenno__________(confirm)ofamoonontheoutside.已經(jīng)證實(shí)所有傷者都被及時(shí)送往醫(yī)院了。alltheinjuredweresenttothehospitalintime.crowdn.人群vt.擁擠,塞滿;涌上心頭(crowdedadj.擁擠的)acrowdof/crowdsof一大群;很多crowdinto涌入crowdout將……擠出;擁擠becrowdedwith擠滿……DuringThanksgivingshopping,the__________pouredin,makingtheshopvery__________.(crowd)OntheNationalDay,thestreetsarecrowded__________alargenumberofpeople.回憶涌上心頭,她哭了起來。(讀后續(xù)寫之回憶)Withthememories,sheburstintotears.attemptn.&v.企圖;試圖;嘗試;努力(attemptedadj.未遂的)makeanattempttodo/atdoing...嘗試做……inanattempttodosth試圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試attempttodo/(at)doing...嘗試/試圖做……Policesaythey’retreatingitasacaseof__________(attempt)murder.ItwasreallyathrillthatIpassedmydrivingtest__________thefirstattempt.我們試圖在黑暗中認(rèn)出回家的路,但是白費(fèi)力氣。backhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptv.)backhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptn.)chargev.收費(fèi);控告;充電n.費(fèi)用;控告;主管,掌管;充電量chargesbwith(doing)sth＝accusesbof(doing)sth指控某人犯……罪chargesbmoneyforsth因某事/物收某人錢freeofcharge＝forfree免費(fèi)takechargeof掌管(表動(dòng)作)inchargeof掌管(表狀態(tài))inthechargeof被……掌管;由……負(fù)責(zé)Howmuchdidhechargeyou__________repairingthispairofshoes?Themandressedinredwascharged__________crossingtheborderillegally.作為學(xué)生會(huì)主席,我被委派負(fù)責(zé)安排你在天津逗留期間的所有活動(dòng)。(話題寫作之活動(dòng)安排)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(takechargeof)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(inchargeof)上周,我們就市民是否可以免費(fèi)使用科學(xué)博物館展開了熱烈的討論。(應(yīng)用文寫作之議論文)Lastweek,wehadaheateddebateabout.astonishvt.使十分驚訝;使吃驚[astonishedadj.感到驚訝的(指人的主觀感受)astonishingadj.令人驚訝的astonishmentn.驚訝]beastonishedat/bysth因某事感到驚訝beastonishedtodosth對做某事感到驚訝inastonishment吃驚地toone’sastonishment讓某人驚訝的是Thephotographerwas__________atthe__________gquestioninhisownmind.(astonish)雙胞胎非常吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們第一次嘗試做早餐失敗了。(2021·新高考全國Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫)Thetwinsthattheirfirstattempttocookabreakfastfailed.thattheirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonish,主語從句),theirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonishment)看到那個(gè)場景,我們驚訝地張大了嘴。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)Seeingthescene,ourmouthsdroppedopen.distinguishv.辨別;看清,認(rèn)出(distinguishedadj.卓越的;有尊嚴(yán)的)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……;把……與……區(qū)分開distinguishoneself使自己揚(yáng)名bedistinguishedfor因……而出名bedistinguishedas作為……而出名Thewomandistinguished__________awriter__________herlatestsciencefictionagreedthatreadinggoodbookscanteachustodistinguish__________rightandwrong.WearefascinatedbyLangPingwhohasalreadydistinguished__________(she)asagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.這場音樂會(huì)真的值得看,因?yàn)樵S多杰出的音樂家將在音樂會(huì)上表演。Theconcertisreallyworthwatchingbecausewillperformintheconcert.figureout弄明白;計(jì)算出;想出(figuren.身材,體形;數(shù)字;人物;圖案;輪廓;人影vt.認(rèn)為,認(rèn)定;計(jì)算)figurethat...認(rèn)為……;認(rèn)定……keepone’sfigure保持體形Theyfigured__________itwasbettertostaywheretheywere.只有通過均衡飲食和經(jīng)常鍛煉,你才能既保持體形又保持健康。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)Onlybymeansofbalanceddietsandregularexerciseaswellasstayhealthy.我不明白為什么我要貢獻(xiàn)我的勞動(dòng)所得。(2021·浙江6月,讀后續(xù)寫)whyIshouldcontributemyearnings.the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todoVascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.瓦斯科·達(dá)·伽馬(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探險(xiǎn)家,也是第一位從海上到達(dá)印度的歐洲人。當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級等修飾時(shí)或前有theonly,thelast,thebest等時(shí),常用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語。在time,way,chance,opportunity,ability,promise,attempt等名詞后,常用不定式作后置定語,表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattempts__________(contact)youfailed.約翰是第一個(gè)想出做爆米花幫助伯納德掙外快的人。他相信他有能力幫助伯納德走出困境。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫)JohnwastohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.Hewasconvincedthathe.我能說一口流利的英語,而且我是班上唯一一個(gè)出國深造的學(xué)生。毫無疑問我是負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請信)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamforfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIamthejob.自從她搬到北京以來,她就一直在找房子住。sinceshemovedtoBeijing.用法點(diǎn)撥：如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面必須有必要的介詞。(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.對語言數(shù)據(jù)庫的分析也證實(shí),在新石器時(shí)代之后,世界語言的語音發(fā)生了全球性的變化,“f”和“v”的使用在過去幾千年里顯著增加。(2020·新高考全國Ⅱ)Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet—storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.熱帶雨林就是地球的肺——儲(chǔ)存了大量的二氧化碳,并產(chǎn)生了世界上大部分氧氣。(2020·浙江7月)Sometimeafter10,000BCE,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.公元前1萬年之后的某一段時(shí)間,人們第一次真正試圖通過農(nóng)業(yè)來控制他們生活的世界。(2020·新高考全國Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.雖然他承認(rèn)工程項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)因?yàn)槟切┫氤龌蛟O(shè)計(jì)它們的人犯了錯(cuò)誤而失敗,但在這本書中,彼得羅斯基博士拓寬了他的視野,考慮了此類失敗發(fā)生的更廣泛的背景。(2019·天津)Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.戰(zhàn)爭中受的傷使他的左手不能正常使用,而且他經(jīng)常被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙figureA.數(shù)字B.身影C.身材D.人物HenryMoore,asculptor,isregardedasoneofthemostfamousfiguresintheworld.Shereportedthelatesttradefigurestohermanager.Everywomanwantsaslimfigurenowadays.Aswewereapproaching,wesawadimfigure,whichturnedouttobeUnclePaul,wholivedinaquietneighbourhood.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。I’msurethatChinesepeopleconsumethelargestamountofriceintheworld.Heroseandstretchedhimself.Thegirlgreeteduswithabroadsmile,herlonghairflowinginthebreeze.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識(shí)Ithasbeenconfirmedthattheman__________(charge)withstealingthecarwastakentothepolice.Tohisgreatjoy,hesucceededingettingthejobhehadbeendreamingabout__________hisfirstattempt.He__________(confirm)ascaptainfortherestoftheseason,makingtheteammembersinspired.It__________(astonish)usthathewasstimulatedtogetridofthebadhabitofstayinguplate.Unaware__________whatwashappeningaroundhim,theoldmandidn’tknowwhattosay.Havingbeensponsoredbyacompany,hisdream__________(go)tocollegecametrueatlast.Sheis__________(distinguish)asapsychologist,whooffersfrequenthelptothoseteenagersintrouble.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionwasbrought__________focusafterhispassionatespeech.Couldyoutellmewhatthelettersstand__________inthepopularTVplaywhichisbeingbroadcast？Thegirl’sfatherdidn’tpermither__________(take)partintheactivitiesintheneighbourhood.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(話題寫作之課外輔導(dǎo)班)許多父母試圖花很多錢在孩子們的課外課程上,如鋼琴、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、外語等等。(attempttodo)孩子們整個(gè)周末都用來上課外課程,這使得他們無法盡情玩樂。(分詞作結(jié)果狀語)這表明父母已經(jīng)意識(shí)到教育的重要性。(suggest＋從句)然而,我認(rèn)為沒有什么比孩子們的身心健康更重要的了。(figure)微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]心理描寫fascinatedadj.被迷住的,被吸引住的astonishv.使吃驚,使驚訝→astonishmentn.驚訝thrilln.驚險(xiǎn),刺激unawareadj.未覺察到的,未意識(shí)到的動(dòng)作描寫confirmv.證實(shí),證明consumev.消耗distinguishv.看清;認(rèn)出bleedingn.流血,失血injuryn.傷,損害→injurevt.傷害;使受傷→injuredadj.受傷的permitv.允許,準(zhǔn)許,許可surroundv.環(huán)繞,圍繞attemptn.努力,嘗試failuren.失敗crowdn.人群v.涌上心頭;擁擠人物描寫chargen.主管,負(fù)責(zé)captainn.船長wrinkledadj.有皺褶的[續(xù)寫語料運(yùn)用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。被周圍的美景迷住,Tin沒有意識(shí)到即將到來的危險(xiǎn)。一個(gè)醉酒的司機(jī)把他撞倒,使他受了重傷。他的腿碰破(split)流血了。一群人開始圍住他看發(fā)生了什么事,他們驚訝地張大了嘴注視著。就在那時(shí),Mary學(xué)過的急救方法涌入了她的腦海,她用繃帶包扎傷口去止血。她及時(shí)的幫助對Tin的幸存起到了重大的作用。這一事件使Mary堅(jiān)定了將來成為醫(yī)生的決心。,Tin.Adrunkdriverknockedhimdown,.Hislegssplitandbled.Acrowdofpeoplestartedtosurroundhimtoseewhatwashappening.,open-mouthed.Itwasthenthatthefirst-aidknowledgeMarylearned.She.HertimelyhelpTin’ssurvival.TheincidentconfirmedMaryinherdecisiontobecomeadoctorinthefuture.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共20分)Themeetingroomisquite__________with__________ofpeople__________intoit.(crowd)Thoughtheartshow__________toattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected,itwasfarfrombeinga__________;actually,itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)Helikesseeing__________andtelling__________storiesbecauseheenjoysthefeelingofbeing__________.(thrill)Health__________hasincreasedoverthepastdecade.Forexample,smokersare__________ofthedangersofsmokingtotheirownhealth.(aware)Thetwo__________