公共管理學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯

公共管理學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯目標(biāo)mission/objective內(nèi)部環(huán)境internalenvironment夕卜部環(huán)境externalenvironment集體目標(biāo)groupobjective計(jì)劃planning組織organizing人事staffing領(lǐng)導(dǎo)leading控制controlling步驟process原理principle方法technique經(jīng)理manager總經(jīng)理generalmanager行政人員administrator主管人員supervisor企業(yè)enterprise商業(yè)business產(chǎn)業(yè)industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企業(yè)家entrepreneur權(quán)利power職權(quán)authority職責(zé)responsibility科學(xué)管理scientificmanagement現(xiàn)代經(jīng)營管理modernoperationalmanagement行為科學(xué)behaviorscience生產(chǎn)率productivity激勵(lì)motivate動(dòng)機(jī)motive法律law法規(guī)regulation經(jīng)濟(jì)體系economicsystem管理職能managerialfunction產(chǎn)品product服務(wù)service利潤profit滿意satisfaction歸屬affiliation尊敬esteem自我實(shí)現(xiàn)self-actualization人力投入humaninput盈余surplus收入income成本cost資本貨物capitalgoods機(jī)器machinery設(shè)備equipment建筑building存貨inventory經(jīng)驗(yàn)法theempiricalapproach人際行為法theinterpersonalbehaviorapproach集體行為法thegroupbehaviorapproach協(xié)作社會(huì)系統(tǒng)法thecooperativesocialsystemsapproach社會(huì)技術(shù)系統(tǒng)法thesocial-technicalsystemsapproach決策理論法thedecisiontheoryapproach數(shù)學(xué)法themathematicalapproach系統(tǒng)法thesystemsapproach隨機(jī)制宜法thecontingencyapproach管理任務(wù)法themanagerialrolesapproach經(jīng)營法theoperationalapproach人際關(guān)系humanrelation心理學(xué)psychology態(tài)度attitude壓力pressure沖突conflict招聘recruit鑒定appraisal選拔select培訓(xùn)train報(bào)酬compensation授權(quán)delegationofauthority協(xié)調(diào)coordinate業(yè)績(jī)performance考績(jī)制度meritsystem表現(xiàn)behavior下級(jí)subordinate偏差deviation檢驗(yàn)記錄inspectionrecord誤工記錄recordoflabor-hourslost銷售量salesvolume產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量qualityofproducts先進(jìn)技術(shù)advancedtechnology顧客服務(wù)customerservice策略strategy結(jié)構(gòu)structure領(lǐng)先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness憂慮fear忿恨r(nóng)esentment士氣morale解雇layoff批發(fā)wholesale零售retail程序procedure規(guī)則rule規(guī)劃program預(yù)算budget共同作用synergy大型聯(lián)合企業(yè)conglomerate資源resource購買acquisition增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)growthgoal專利產(chǎn)品proprietaryproduct競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手rival晉升promotion管理決策managerialdecision商業(yè)道德businessethics有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的價(jià)格competitiveprice供貨商supplier小販vendor利益沖突conflictofinterests派生政策derivativepolicy開支帳戶expenseaccount批準(zhǔn)程序approvalprocedure病假sickleave休假vacation工時(shí)labor-hour機(jī)時(shí)machine-hour資本支出capitaloutlay現(xiàn)金流量cashflow工資率wagerate稅收率taxrate股息dividend現(xiàn)金狀況cashposition資金短缺capitalshortage總預(yù)算overallbudget資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表balancesheet可行性feasibility投入原則thecommitmentprinciple投資回報(bào)returnoninvestment生產(chǎn)能力capacitytoproduce實(shí)際工作者practitioner最終結(jié)果endresult業(yè)績(jī)performance個(gè)人利益personalinterest福利welfare市場(chǎng)占有率marketshare創(chuàng)新innovation生產(chǎn)率productivity利潤率profitability社會(huì)責(zé)任publicresponsibility董事會(huì)boardofdirector組織規(guī)模sizeoftheorganization組織文化organizationalculture目標(biāo)管理managementbyobjectives評(píng)價(jià)工具appraisaltool激勵(lì)方法motivationaltechniques控制手段controldevice個(gè)人價(jià)值personalworth優(yōu)勢(shì)strength弱點(diǎn)weakness機(jī)會(huì)opportunity威脅threat個(gè)人責(zé)任personalresponsibility顧問counselor定量目標(biāo)quantitativeobjective定性目標(biāo)qualitativeobjective可考核目標(biāo)verifiableobjective優(yōu)先priority工資表payroll策略strategy政策policy靈活性discretion多種經(jīng)營diversification評(píng)估assessment一致性consistency應(yīng)變策略consistencystrategy公共關(guān)系publicrelation價(jià)值value抱負(fù)aspiration偏見prejudice審查review批準(zhǔn)approval主要決定majordecision分公司總經(jīng)理divisiongeneralmanager資產(chǎn)組合距陣portfoliomatrix明星star問號(hào)questionmark現(xiàn)金牛cashcow賴狗dog采購procurement人口因素demographicfactor地理因素geographicfactor公司形象companyimage產(chǎn)品系列productline合資企業(yè)jointventure破產(chǎn)政策liquidationstrategy緊縮政策retrenchmentstrategy戰(zhàn)術(shù)tactics追隨followership個(gè)性individuality性格personality安全safety自主權(quán)l(xiāng)atitude悲觀的pessimistic靜止的static樂觀的optimistic動(dòng)態(tài)的dynamic靈活的flexible抵制resistance敵對(duì)antagonism折中eclectic激勵(lì)motivation潛意識(shí)subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire壓力pressure滿足satisfaction自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的需要needsforself-actualization尊敬的需要esteemneeds歸屬的需要affiliationneeds安全的需要securityneeds生理的需要physiologicalneeds維持maintenance保健hygiene激勵(lì)因素motivator概率probability強(qiáng)化理論reinforcementtheory反饋feedback獎(jiǎng)金bonus股票期權(quán)stockoption勞資糾紛labordispute缺勤率absenteeism人員流動(dòng)turnover獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)reward特許經(jīng)營franchise熱誠zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠誠loyalty奉獻(xiàn)devotion作風(fēng)style品質(zhì)trait適應(yīng)性adaptability進(jìn)取性aggressiveness熱情enthusiasm毅力persistence人際交往能力interpersonalskills行政管理能力administrativeability智力intelligence專制式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)autocraticleader民主式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)democraticleader自由放任式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)free-reinleader管理方格圖themanagerialgrid工作效率workefficiency服從obedience領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為leaderbehavior支持型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)supportiveleadership參與型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)participativeleadership指導(dǎo)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)instrumentalleadership成就取向型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)achievement-orientedleadershipAutomatedinspection自動(dòng)化檢驗(yàn)automaticassemblysystem自動(dòng)化裝配系統(tǒng)appliedbiomechanics應(yīng)用生物力學(xué)CAD/CAM計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)與制造computerintegratedmanufacturingsystem計(jì)算機(jī)整合制造系統(tǒng)datastructure數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)databasemanagementsystem數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng)decisionanalysis決策分析engineeringeconomy工程經(jīng)濟(jì)engineeringstatistics工程統(tǒng)計(jì)facilitiesplanning設(shè)施規(guī)劃factorydiagnoisisandimprovementmethod工廠診斷與改善方法financialandcostanalysis財(cái)務(wù)與成本分析fuzzytheoryandapplication模糊理論與應(yīng)用human-computerinteraction(HCI)人因工程與計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)humanfactorsengineering人因工程humaninformationprocessing人類訊息處理human-machinesystemdesign人機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)humanresourcemanagement人力資源管理humansystemdiagnosisandimprovement人體系統(tǒng)診斷與改善industrialenvironmentevaluation工業(yè)環(huán)境評(píng)估industrialorganizationsandmanagement工業(yè)組織與管理industrialsafety工業(yè)安全informationtechnology信息技術(shù)intellectualpropertylaws智慧財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)法knowledgeengineering知識(shí)工程linearalgebra線性代數(shù)manufacturingautomation制造自動(dòng)化manufacturingengineering制造工程manufacturingmanagement制造管理manufacturingprocess制造程序manufacturingsystemsandmanagement制造系統(tǒng)與管理marketandmarketing市場(chǎng)與行銷materialflowsautomation物流自動(dòng)化mathematicalprogramming數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃multicriteriadecisionmaking多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃multi-criteriadecisionmethods多準(zhǔn)則決策分析networkanalysis網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析numericalanalysis數(shù)值分析organizationandmanagement組織與管理productandtechnologydevelopmentmanagement產(chǎn)品與技術(shù)開發(fā)管理productionmanagement生產(chǎn)管理productionplanningandcontrol生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃與管制qualitycontrol質(zhì)量管理qualityengineering品質(zhì)工程qualitymanagementtechniquesandpractice品質(zhì)管理queueingtheory等候線理論reliabilityengineering可靠度工程research，developmentandinnovationmanagement研究發(fā)展管理semiconductorproductionmanagement半導(dǎo)體生產(chǎn)管理sequencingandscheduling排序與排程simulation模擬分析statisticalmethod統(tǒng)計(jì)方法stochasticprocesses隨機(jī)系統(tǒng)strategicmanagementoftechnology技術(shù)策略systemanalysisanddesigninlargescale大型系統(tǒng)分析與設(shè)計(jì)systemperformanceevaluation系統(tǒng)績(jī)效評(píng)估技術(shù)systemqualityassuranceengineering系統(tǒng)品質(zhì)保證工程systemsengineering系統(tǒng)工程systemssimulation系統(tǒng)仿真BusinessManagerBusinessManager業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理visionandcolors視覺與色彩workphysiology工作生理學(xué)workstudy工作研究AccountingAssistant會(huì)計(jì)助理AccountingClerk記帳員AccountingManager會(huì)計(jì)部經(jīng)理AccountingStall會(huì)計(jì)部職員AccountingSupervisor會(huì)計(jì)主管AdministrationManager行政經(jīng)理AdministrationStaff行政人員AdministrativeAssistant行政助理AdministrativeClerk行政辦事員AdvertisingStaff廣告工作人員AirlinesSalesRepresentative航空公司定座員AirlinesStaff航空公司職員ApplicationEngineer應(yīng)用工程師AssistantManager副經(jīng)理BondAnalyst證券分析員BondTrader證券交易員BusinessController業(yè)務(wù)主任Buyer采購員F.X.SettlementClerk外匯部核算員F.X.SettlementClerk外匯部核算員FundManager財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)理Cashier出納員ChemicalEngineer化學(xué)工程師CivilEngineer土木工程師Clerk/Receptionist職員/接待員ClerkTypist&Secretary文書打字兼秘書ComputerDataInputOperator計(jì)算機(jī)資料輸入員ComputerEngineer計(jì)算機(jī)工程師ComputerProcessingOperator計(jì)算機(jī)處理操作員ComputerSystemManager計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)部經(jīng)理Copywriter廣告文字撰稿人DeputyGeneralManager副總經(jīng)理EconomicResearchAssistant經(jīng)濟(jì)研究助理ElectricalEngineer電氣工程師EngineeringTechnician工程技術(shù)員EnglishInstructor/Teacher英語教師ExportSalesManager外銷部經(jīng)理ExportSalesStaff外銷部職員FinancialController財(cái)務(wù)主任FinancialReporter財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告人F.X.(ForeignExchange)Clerk外匯部職員MarketingManagerMarketingManager市場(chǎng)銷售部經(jīng)理GeneralAuditor審計(jì)長(zhǎng)GeneralManager/President總經(jīng)理GeneralManagerAssistant總經(jīng)理助理GeneralManager'sSecretary總經(jīng)理秘書HardwareEngineer計(jì)算機(jī)硬件工程師ImportLiaisonStaff進(jìn)口聯(lián)絡(luò)員ImportManager進(jìn)口部經(jīng)理InsuranceActuary保險(xiǎn)公司理賠員InternationalSalesStaff國際銷售員Interpreter口語翻譯LegalAdviser法律顧問LineSupervisor生產(chǎn)線主管MaintenanceEngineer維修工程師ManagementConsultant管理顧問Manager經(jīng)理ManagerforPublicRelations公關(guān)部經(jīng)理ManufacturingEngineer制造工程師ManufacturingWorker生產(chǎn)員工MarketAnalyst市場(chǎng)分析員MarketDevelopmentManager市場(chǎng)開發(fā)部經(jīng)理MarketingStaff市場(chǎng)銷售員MarketingAssistant銷售助理MarketingExecutive銷售主管MarketingRepresentative銷售代表MarketingRepresentativeManager市場(chǎng)調(diào)研部經(jīng)理MechanicalEngineer機(jī)械工程師MiningEngineer采礦工程師MusicTeacher音樂教師NavalArchitect造船工程師OfficeAssistant辦公室助理OfficeClerk職員OperationalManager業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理PackageDesigner包裝設(shè)計(jì)師PassengerReservationStaff乘客票位預(yù)訂員PersonnelClerk人事部職員PersonnelManager人事部經(jīng)理Plant/FactoryManager廠長(zhǎng)PostalClerk郵政人員PrivateSecretary私人秘書ProductManager生產(chǎn)部經(jīng)理ProductionEngineer產(chǎn)品工程師ProfessionalStaff專業(yè)人員Programmer電腦程序設(shè)計(jì)師ProjectStaff項(xiàng)目策劃人員PromotionalManager推售部經(jīng)理Proof-reader校對(duì)員PurchasingAgent采購進(jìn)貨員QualityControlEngineer質(zhì)量管理工程師RealEstateStaff房地產(chǎn)職員RecruitmentCo-ordinator招聘協(xié)調(diào)人RegionalManger地區(qū)經(jīng)理Research＆.DevelopmentEngineer研究開發(fā)工程師RestaurantManager飯店經(jīng)理SalesandPlanningStaff銷售計(jì)劃員SalesAssistant銷售助理SalesClerk店員、售貨員SalesCoordinator銷售協(xié)調(diào)人SalesEngineer銷售工程師SalesExecutive銷售主管SalesManager銷售部經(jīng)理Salesperson銷售員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區(qū)keyresultareas關(guān)鍵績(jī)效區(qū)Llaborproductivityindex勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)力指數(shù)laissezmanagement自由化管理largebatchproduction大批量生產(chǎn)lateralcommunication橫向溝通leadershipstyle領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格leastpreferredco-worker(lpc)最不喜歡的同事legitimatepower合法權(quán)力liability負(fù)債liaison聯(lián)絡(luò)者lineauthority直線職權(quán)l(xiāng)iquidity流動(dòng)性liaisonrole聯(lián)絡(luò)員角色long-linkedtechnology縱向關(guān)聯(lián)技術(shù)lossesfromconflict沖突帶來的損失low-costleadership低成本領(lǐng)先managementbyobjective目標(biāo)管理ManagerialGrid管理方格matrixbosses矩陣主管managementchampion管理倡導(dǎo)者materials-requirementsplanning(MRP)物料需求計(jì)劃Mslow,shierarchyofneeds馬斯洛需求層次論marketingargument管理文化多元化營銷觀multiculturalism文化多元主義multidivisionalfirm多部門公司moralrules道德準(zhǔn)則managementbywalkingaround(MBWA)走動(dòng)式管理matrixstructure矩陣結(jié)構(gòu)multinationalenterprise(MNE)跨國公司moralrelativism道德相對(duì)主義mechanisticsystem機(jī)械式組織middle-of-the-roadmanagement中庸式管理mesotheory常態(tài)理論multidomesticstrategy多國化戰(zhàn)略mediatingtechnology調(diào)停技術(shù)Nna?verelativism樸素相對(duì)主義need-achievement成就需要norming規(guī)范化norms規(guī)范nonprogrammeddecisions非程序化決策nonsubstitutability非替代性nonroutinetechnology非例行技術(shù)niche領(lǐng)地Ooff-the-jobtraining脫產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)on-the-jobtraining在職培訓(xùn)operationalbudget運(yùn)營預(yù)算orderbacklog訂單儲(chǔ)備organicsystem有機(jī)系統(tǒng)organizationaldevelopment(OD)組織發(fā)展orientation定位outcomeinterdependence結(jié)果的相互依賴性outplacementservices外延服務(wù)organizationecosystem組織生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Pparadoxofauthority權(quán)威的矛盾paradoxofcreativity創(chuàng)造力的矛盾paradoxofdisclosure開放的矛盾paradoxofidentify身份的矛盾paradoxofindividuality個(gè)性的矛盾paradoxofregression回歸的矛盾partialproductivity部分生產(chǎn)率participativemanagement參與式管理path-goalmodel路徑目標(biāo)模型peerrecruiter同級(jí)招聘politicalactioncommittees(PACs)政治活動(dòng)委員會(huì)polycentricmanager多中心管理者portfolioframework業(yè)務(wù)組合框架portfolioinvestment資產(chǎn)組合投資positivereinforcement正強(qiáng)化productionflexibility生產(chǎn)柔性profitability收益率programmeddecisions程序化決策psychoanalyticview精神分析法paradigm范式personalratios人員比例pooleddependence集合性依存professionalbureaucracy專業(yè)官僚機(jī)構(gòu)problemidentification問題識(shí)別problemisticsearch問題搜尋populationecologymodel種群生態(tài)模型Qquality質(zhì)量qualitycircle質(zhì)量圈questionmark問題類市場(chǎng)quidproquo交換物rationalmodelofdecisionmaking理性決策模式realisticjobpreview(RJP)實(shí)際工作預(yù)覽reciprocalinterdependence相互依存性resourcedependence資源依賴?yán)碚搑outinetechnology例行技術(shù)retention保留rationalapproach理性方法rationalmodel理性模型rational-legalauthority理性—合法權(quán)威Ssemivariablecost準(zhǔn)可變成本senseofpote