商業(yè)管理概論EBUS131202220231學習通超星課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年

商業(yè)管理概論EBUS131202220231學習通超星課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年________arepositivetrendsintheexternalenvironment.

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Opportunities

________arestraightforward,familiar,andeasilydefined.

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Structuredproblems

________departmentalizationisbasedontheproductorcustomerflowthroughtheorganization.

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Process

________involvesdefiningtheorganization'sgoals,establishingstrategiesforachievingthosegoals,anddevelopingplanstointegrateandcoordinateworkactivities.

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Planning

________isaprocessofsettingmutually-agreedupongoalsandusingthosegoalstoevaluateemployeeperformance.

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Managementbyobjectives

________isasituationinwhichadecisionmakercannotmakereasonableprobabilityestimates.

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Uncertainty

________isasituationinwhichamanagerhastheabilitytomakeaccuratedecisionsbecausetheoutcomeofeveryalternativeisknown.

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Certainty

________istheabilitytoanticipate,envision,maintainflexibility,thinkstrategically,andworkwithothersintheorganizationtoinitiatechangesthatwillcreateaviableandvaluablefuturefortheorganization.

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Strategicleadership

________istheformalarrangementofjobswithinanorganization.

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Organizationalstructure

________istheobligationorexpectationtoperformaduty.

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Responsibility

________plansapplytotheentireorganizationandestablishtheorganization'soverallgoals.

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Strategic

________plansareclearlydefinedandleavenoroomforinterpretation.

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Specific

________referstogatheringinformationaboutcompetitorsthatallowsmanagerstoanticipatecompetitors'actionsratherthanmerelyreacttothem.

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Competitorintelligence

________referstohowstandardizedanorganization'sjobsareandtheextenttowhichemployeebehaviorisguidedbyrulesandprocedures.

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Formalization

________referstotherightsinherentinamanagerialpositiontotellpeoplewhattodoandtoexpectthemtodoit.

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Authority

________resultsinasolutionthatisconsidered"goodenough."

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Satisficing

________takesplacewhenacompanycombineswithothercompaniesindifferent,butassociated,industries.

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Relateddiversification

____strategiesaddressdecliningperformancethroughretrenchmentandturnaroundstrategies.A)RenewalB)StabilityC)GrowthD)Functional

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A

"Therearenocoincidences.Ifsomethingbadhashappenedtoyou,youmusthavedonesomethingtodeserveit."Thisstatementmightbemadebysomeonewiththe____.

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randomnessbias

"Wecan'tstopnow.We'vealreadyinvested$100,000intheproject."Thisspeakerisactingonthe________.

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sunkcostserror

)Teresacalledherworkgrouptogether,explainedtheinstructionsforthenewmachine,and

left.Later,afteroneoftheworkershadjammedthemachineandinjuredacoworker,she

discoveredtheworkerhadnotfollowedtheinstructions.ThisproblemmayhavebeenavoidedifTeresahad________.

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hadtheworkersrewordtheinstructionsandrepeatthemtoher

A_______strategyiswhenanorganizationexpandsthenumberofmarketsservedortheproductsoffered.

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growth

A________describeshowabusinesswillcompeteinitsprimarymarket.

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competitivestrategy

A________describestherationaleofhowacompanyisgoingtomakemoney.

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businessmodel

A________isabroadstatementofanorganization'spurposethatprovidesanoverallguidetowhatorganizationalmembersthinkisimportant.

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mission

Acompanyisconsideringdoublingthesizeofhisworkforceinconjunctionwithexpandingthenumberofretailoutletsthatcarrythecompany’sproducts.TheCEOshouldexpecttheorganizationtobecome________asaresultofthischange.

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moremechanistic

Acompanythatcompetesbyofferinguniqueproductsthatarewidelyvaluedbycustomersisfollowinga________.

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differentiationstrategy

Acostleadershipstrategyrequiresafirmto________.

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matchitscompetition'sprices

Adisadvantageof________departmentalizationispoorcommunicationacrossthedifferentgroups.

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functional

Aproblemassociatedwithtraditionalgoalsettingisthat________.

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clarityislostasthegoalsmaketheirwaydownfromthetopoftheorganizationtolowerlevels

Aproblemcanbestbedescribedas________.

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adifferencebetweencurrentconditionsandsomedesiredstate

Astudyoftheexternalenvironmentallowsamanagertounderstandthe________and________fortheorganization.

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opportunities;threats

A(n)________decisionisarepetitivedecisionthatcanbehandledbyaroutineapproach.

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programmed

A(n)________organizationishighlyformalizedandcentralized.

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mechanistic

A(n)________organizationishighlyspecializedandrigidlydepartmentalized.

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mechanistic

AccordingtotheOhioStatestudies,

referstotheextenttowhichaleaderislikelytodefineandshapehisorherroleandtherolesofgroupmembersinthesearchforgoalattainment.

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initiatingstructure

AccordingtotheOhioStatestudies,the

dimensionofleaderbehaviorisdefinedastheextenttowhichaleaderhasjobrelationshipscharacterizedbymutualtrustandrespectforgroupmembers'ideasandfeelings.

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consideration

Accordingtothepath-goaltheory,aleaderwhoisfriendlyandshowsconcernfortheneedsofsubordinatesistermed

.

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supportive

Accordingtothepath-goaltheory,amanagerwhoconsultswithsubordinatesandusestheirsuggestionsexhibitswhattypeofleadershipbehavior?

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participative

Accordingtothetraditionalview,managerscouldnot-andshouldnot-directlysupervisemorethan________subordinates.

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fiveorsix

AccordingtoWoodward'sstudies,whattypeofproductiontechnologyisbestsuitedforamechanisticstructure?

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mass

Adamhastotellthemembersofhisdepartmentthattheofficehourshavechangedfrom

flexiblehourstoastrictnine-to-fiveday.Hecallsameetingtoexplainthechange.Participantsbeginarguingandaskingmultiplequestionsaboutthenewworktimepolicy.Thenextday,

Adamrealizesthatmostpeoplestilldonothaveaclearideaaboutthechange,asaresultoftheconfusionatthemeeting.Whichoneofthefollowingexplainswhythemessagewasnot

understood?

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Thenoiseintheprocessinterferedwiththetransmissionofthemessage.

Afterextensivejobcutstoreducecosts,upperlevelmanagersarespendingsignificantamountsoftimesolvingproblemsintheproductionunits.Lowerlevelmanagersareresentfulthattheycannotmakedecisionsfortheirownunits.Whatrecommendationwouldyoumakeforthisfirm?

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Decentralize;giveauthoritytothelowerlevelmanagersregardingeventsintheirownunits.

Afteridentifyingaproblem,thenextstepinthedecision-makingprocessis________.

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identifyingdecisioncriteria

Afteridentifyingthedecisioncriteriathatareimportantorrelevanttoresolvingaproblem,thenextstepinthedecision-makingprocessis________.

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allocatingweightstothecriteria

AftertheSWOTanalysisiscomplete,managersarereadyto________.

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formulatestrategies

Alanhasjustgivenhissubordinatesaverydifficultproject.Nowheistellingthemhehaseveryconfidencetheywillbesuccessful.Alanisusingcommunicationto________.

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inspire

Allotherthingsbeingequal,thewiderorlargerthespanofcontrol,themore________anorganizationis.

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costefficient

Anorganizationhiresadditionalpersonnelassoonastheygetamajorcontract.Theorganizationisusing

control.

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feedforward

Anorganizationthatgrowsusing________focusesonitsprimarylineofbusinessandincreasesthenumberofproductsofferedormarketsservedinthisprimarybusiness.

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concentration

Anorganization's________goalsareofficialstatementsofwhatanorganizationsays,andwhatitwantsitsstakeholderstobelieveitsgoalsare.

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stated

Anorganization'sfinancial,physical,human,andintangibleassetsareknownasits________.

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resources

Anorganization'sgrapevineworksas________.

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afilterandafeedbackmechanismformanagersandemployees

Andrewpreferstogethisperformancedataintheformofchartsandgraphs.Andrewprefers

.

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statisticalreports

Asorganizationsbecomemoreflexibleandresponsivetoenvironmentaltrends,thereisadistinctshifttoward________decisionmaking.

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decentralized

Asthenumberofemployeesinanorganizationgrows,structuretendstobecomemore________.

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specialized

AtChemetron,alltheaccountingpeopleshareonelargeworkarea;allthequalitycontrolpeoplearehousedinalargeofficenexttotheproductionfloor;andmaintenancehasitsownspaceatthebackofthebuilding.Chemetronisusing________.

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functionaldepartmentalization

Becauserumorsthatflowalongthegrapevinecanneverbeeliminatedentirely,managerscanminimizethenegativeconsequencesofrumorsby________.

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communicatingopenlyandhonestlywithemployees

Billexpectshisemployeestowonder"What'sinitforme?"whenheassignsextrataskstothem,soheisreadywithananswerabouttherewardfortheirwork.Billisa(n)

leader.

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transactional

BlancanodsasshewatcheshernewemployeeasheexecutesthestepsinmakingFrenchfries.Herpurposeistomakesurehefollowstheinstructionsexactlyasgiven.Blancaisusing

.

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personalobservation

Bonniehashadabadday.Sheisventingtohersupervisoraboutherproblems.Bonnieisusingcommunicationto________.

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expressheremotions

Bonnieisdiscussingwithhersubordinate,Julie,thetypesofprojectsJuliewouldliketoworkoninthecomingyear.Theyaresettinggoalsanddeterminingwhatsuccesswouldlooklike.BonnieandJulieareengagedin________.

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managementbyobjectives

BythetimethatSandrahadfinishedthepresentationtotheemployees,shehadspokenfor

oneandone-halfhours,shown14visualaids,andnooneaskedaquestion.Theemployeeswereprobablydealingwithwhichoneofthefollowingbarrierstoeffectivecommunication?

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informationoverload

Carladiscoveredthatthesupplierwiththehighestqualityalsohadthelongestleadtime.Thesupplierwiththebestleadtimehadthehighestprice.TohelpCarlamakeherdecision,sheshould________.

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multiplyherratingsforeachcriteriabytheweightforthecriteriathensumthescores

CarlahasidentifiedseveralpossiblesourcesforHimalayansalttomakeherbathsalts.Nowsheiscomparingtheirprices,quality,anddeliverytimes.Atwhatstepissheinthedecision-makingprocess?

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developalternatives

CarlaissearchingtheInternetforsourcesofHimalayansalttomakebathsalts.Carlaisatthe________stepinthedecision-makingprocess.

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identify-decision-criteria

Caseyrealizesthatshehasapersonalcharacteristicthatsuggestssheisnotcomfortableinteractingwithstrangers.Sheinterpretsthisasa(n)________ifsheistogetajobasasalesperson.

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weakness

Charleswantstopreventproblemsbeforetheiroccurrence.Whichoneofthefollowingisthemostdesirabletypeofcontroltoachievethisgoal?

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feedforwardcontrol

Chuckmanagesthefront-endcrewatafastfoodrestaurant.Formostofhiscrew,thisistheirfirstjobsotheyhaveveryfewjobskillsbutalsoseemreluctanttoperform.Inthissituation,Chuckshouldusethe

style.

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telling

Clayisatransactionalleaderwhocanprovidetangiblerewardsforgoodperformanceforhisemployees.Clayholds

power.

參考答案:

reward

Creativityismostessentialinwhichofthefollowingstepsofthedecision-makingprocess?

參考答案:

developingalternatives

Definingtheorganizationalmissionforcesmanagerstoidentifywhat________.

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theorganizationisinbusinesstodo

Departmentalizationbasedon________groupsjobsonthebasisofterritoryorphysicallocation.

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geography

DuringthepresentationSarahexplainedthatthereasonfordownsizingwastherecession

whichwashittingthecompanybadly.However,thefactofthematterwasthatthecompanyhadnotyetexperiencedanylossofrevenuesbutwereanticipatingbaddaysahead,whichcould

eventuallyleadtomasslayoffs.Thisisanexampleofthe________aspectofthecommunicationprocess.

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filtering

Earlyresearchonleadershiptraits

.

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focusedoncharacteristicsthatmightdifferentiateleadersfromnonleaders

Evelyn'sInternetsearchforinformationabout"vendorformachinescrews"yieldedmorethan100,000items.Evelyndidnothavetimeorresourcestopursueeachofthesesoshelimitedhersearchtoonlyvendorsinherstate.Bydoingthis,Evelynused________.

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boundedrationality

Everyfastfoodhamburgerrestaurantchainwantsyoutobelievetheirproductisthebestbecauseitisstoredorprepareduniquely.Eachoftheseispursuinga________.

參考答案:

differentiationstrategyA)

First-linemanagerstendtodealwithproblemsthatare________whileupper-levelmanagershandlethe________problems.

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unstructured;structured

Goalsaredifferentfromplansbecause________.

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goalsaredesiredoutcomes,andplansdescribehowthoseoutcomeswillbeaccomplished

Helen,theownerofCrazyCupcakes,isconductingaSWOTanalysisofhercompany.Whichoneofthefollowingrepresentsanopportunityforexpansion?

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Therehasbeenatrendtowardpersonalizedcupcakesforavarietyofoccasions.

Ifafirmwantstobecomemoreadaptiveandflexible,whichofthefollowingorganizationalstructuresisitlikelytoprefer?

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organic

Ifamanagerwantedtoincreasetheratioofoutputstoinputs,sheshould

.

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increaseproductivity

Iftopmanagersmakekeydecisionswithlittleinputfrombelow,thentheorganizationis________.

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morecentralized

In________integration,theorganizationbecomesitsownsuppliersoitcancontrolitsinputs.

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backwardvertical

In________integration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputsbybecomingitsowndistributor.

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forwardvertical

In________,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithcompetitors.

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horizontalintegration

In________,goalssetbytopmanagersflowdownthroughtheorganizationandbecomesubgoalsforeachorganizationalarea.

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traditionalgoalsetting

Inauniversitysetting,itiscommonforaprofessortoreporttoanacademicsupervisorinhis/herareaofeducationalexpertiseandtoasupervisoroverseeingaparticulardegreesuchasbaccalaureateormaster's.Thisillustratesthe________structure.

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matrix

Instableandsimpleenvironments,________.

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mechanisticdesignsaremosteffective

Inthecaseoffunctionaldepartmentalization,jobsaregroupedaccordingto________.

參考答案:

tasks

Inthedecision-makingprocess,while________,thedecisionmakerputsthedecisionintoactionbyconveyingittothoseaffectedbyitandgettingtheircommitmenttoit.

參考答案:

implementinganalternative

Intheearly20thcentury,automobilesweremadeoneatatimebycraftsmenwhocouldperformeveryoperationnecessarytobuildthecar.HenryForddecidedtolimitthenumberoftaskseachworkerperformedsoeachpersoncouldbecomeexpertinhisposition.withthispractice,Fordintroduced________.

參考答案:

workspecialization

Inwhichoneofthefollowingcasesiscommunicationusedtocontrolemployeebehavior?

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JaninformsSarathatshemustfollowthedresscodeatwork.

ismeasuredbythecostsofacquiringandtransformingorganizationalresourcesintooutputs.

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Input

isthefinalstepinthemanagementprocess,whichprovidesacriticallinkbackto

.

參考答案:

Controlling;planning

isthesearchforthebestpracticesamongcompetitorsornon-competitorsthatleadtotheirsuperiorperformance.

參考答案:

Benchmarking

iswhenamanagerintheworkareainteractsdirectlywithemployeestomaintainsupervision.

參考答案:

Managementbywalkingaround

Itisassumedthatarationaldecisionmaker________.

參考答案:

isfullyobjectiveandlogical

Jeremyisnotinthehabitofdecidingeverythingonhisown.Heinvolveshisteaminthedecision-makingprocessasmuchaspossible.Hebelievesincommunicatingclearlyandisalwaysreadytohelphisteamtogetthebestoutofthem.Jeremy'sleadershipstylewillbeclassifiedaswhichoneofthefollowing?

參考答案:

participating

Jillhastriedhardtobuildagoodrapportwithheremployeesandknowseachoftheirfamilies.Sheencouragesheremployeestoworkhard,buttobecertaintotaketimeoutforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Fiedler'scontingencymodelwouldclassifyJillas

oriented.

參考答案:

relationship

Juanisthepersonemployeesgotowhenknowledgeofatopicwasneeded.Juanholds

power.

參考答案:

expert

LatelyFrancescahasbeensettingchallenginggoalsandexpectingsubordinatestoperformattheirhighestlevel.Accordingtothepath-goalmodel,sheisactingasa(n)

leader.

參考答案:

achievement-oriented

LaurasentatextmessagetoBettytellingherthatshewouldcomebytopickherupafter

worksotheycouldgoshopping.Betty,however,madeotherplansfortheeveningthinking

Laurawastalkingaboutgoingshoppingthenextday.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexplainswhatwentwrongwiththecommunication?

參考答案:

Bettydecodedthemessageincorrectly.

leadershipistheabilitytocreateandarticulatearealistic,credible,andattractivevisionofthefutureforanorganizationthatimprovesonthepresent.

參考答案:

Visionary

Lilabelievestheglobalclimateischanging.Everystorm,everyvolcanoeruption,everyearthquakeis,inhermind,evidenceofthisclimatechange.Lilahasfallenvictimto________bias.

參考答案:

representation

Long-termplansaredefinedasthosewithatimeframebeyond________.

參考答案:

threeyears

Lower-levelmanagersareresponsiblefor________strategies.

參考答案:

functional

Lower-levelmanagerstypicallyconfront________.

參考答案:

programmeddecisions

Lucasalwaysseemsto"know"exactlywhattodoinanygivensituation.Atleastthat'swhathe'lltellyou.Buthisideasdon'talwaysworkandhisoverallperformanceasscoredbyhissupervisorisn'tnearlyasgreatashethinksitis.Lucasisexhibitingthe________.

參考答案:

overconfidencebias

Managementbywalkingaroundisanexampleof

control.

參考答案:

concurrent

Managersareassumedtouse________iftheymakelogicalandconsistentchoicestomaximizevalue.

參考答案:

rationaldecisionmaking

Managerscannotpossiblyanalyzeallinformationonallalternatives;theytendto________,ratherthan________.

參考答案:

satisfice;maximize

Managerscouldchoosetodonothingwhen

_.

參考答案:

thedifferencebetweenactualperformanceandstandardperformanceislowandacceptable

Managersshouldusesubjectivemeasureswhen

.

參考答案:

workactivitiescannotbeexpressedinquantifiableterms

Manynewcarbuyerschoosetobuyacarwithlittleornomoneydownandpaymentsformanyyearsbecauseofthe________.

參考答案:

immediategratificationbias

Manyproductionemployeesbegantotalkamongthemselvesaboutwhethertheywantedto

transfertoanewproductionfacilityinaneighboringtown.Whattypeofcommunicationisthis?

參考答案:

lateral

Marshaisthemanageratabank,with30employeesreportingtoher.Manyofherstaffareextremelyimpressedwiththewayshehandlesherworkandthepeopleatthebank.Theytakeprideinbeingassociatedwithherteam.Sheisnotonlyfairandunderstanding,butensuresthatthedeservingemployeesarecompensatedwell.WhichtwosourcesofpowerdoesMarshauseinthisexample?

參考答案:

rewardandreferentpower

Martyhadarrangedforahigh-profilespeakertodeliverthekeynoteaddressathercollege'sannualfunction.However,duetounforeseencircumstances,thespeakerwasforcedtodropoutatthelastmoment.Martyreactstothisnewsbysaying,"Iknewallalongthatthiswouldhappen."Thisisanexampleofthe________.

參考答案:

hindsightbias

Melaniehasnoticedthateveryoneisveryconcernedaboutthelineofauthoritywithinthehospital.Thisimpliesthattheemployeesatthehospitalareworriedaboutthe________.

參考答案:

chainofcommand

Michelleisveryconcernedabouttheformalframeworkbywhichjobtasksaredivided,grouped,andcoordinatedwithinherunit.Thisimpliesthatsheisconcernedabout________.

參考答案:

theorganizationalstructure

Nonprogrammeddecisions________.

參考答案:

areuniqueandnonrecurring

OnceMediFaxgrewandbecamemoremechanistic,managementinsistedthatinformationflowverticallyalongthelinesofauthority.Thisismostrepresentativeofthe________

communicationsnetwork.

參考答案:

wheel

Onecharacteristicofthematrixstructureisthatit________.

參考答案:

violatestheprincipleofunityofcommand

Organizational

isameasureofhowappropriateorganizationalgoalsareandhowwellanorganizationisachievingthosegoals.

參考答案:

effectiveness

Organizationaldesignisaprocessthatinvolvesdecisionsabout________.

參考答案:

chainofcommandandspanofcontrol

Organizationsgrowbyusingstrategiesof________.

參考答案:

concentration,integration,ordiversification

Patisveryhappywithherteamof15customercarerepresentativeswho'veallbeen

consistentlyperformingwell.Customerfeedbackwasimpressive,andPatisplanningtogive

themgoodbonusesthistimearound.Asamanager,Patbelievesitisimportanttolether

subordinatesknowwhensheishappywiththeirwork.Shedoesso,andalsocallsameetingtodiscusswhattheycandotoimprovefurther.Patisusingcommunicationfor________.

參考答案:

motivation

Patrickexpectseachpersonhehiresforhisonlinebusinesstobeinvolvedinstudyingtrendsinvolvingnewtechnology,competitors,andcustomers.Theseemployeesareinvolvedin________.

參考答案:

internalanalysis

PaulAbdulOilCorporation(PAOC)beganasarelativelysmalloilcompany.AsPAOChasgrown,thecompanyhasgainedahighlytrainedgroupofmanagersandanalystsatthecorporateheadquarters.Thisgroupishighlyadaptiveinitsstructure.Membersofthisgroupdonothavestandardizedjobs,butareempoweredtohandlediversejobactivitiesandproblems.PAOCseemstohavea(n)________structure.

參考答案:

organic

Paul,theHRmanager,worksintheABCplantandreportstotheplantmanagerthere,buthealsoreportstothecorporateHRdirectorinCityABC.Thisreportingstructureviolatestheprincipleof________.

參考答案:

unityofcommand

Rachel'scolleaguesandsubordinateshaveaveryhighregardforher.Theyknowthatnoonecangethigh-qualityworkdonethewayRachelcan.Sheinspiresherteamtoexcelintheirwork,evenexceedingtheirownexpectations.WhathersubordinateslikebestaboutRachelisthattheyarefreetodiscussherdecisionswithher,evenquestionheronceinwhileiftheyarenotsureaboutherstrategy.WhichoneofthefollowingbestdescribesRachel'sleadershipstyle?

參考答案:

transformational

referstotheprocessofmonitoring,comparing,andcorrectingworkperformance.

參考答案:

Controlling

Rulesofthumbthatmanagersusetosimplifydecisionmakingareknownas________.

參考答案:

heuristics

Salesofthehigh-endunitshavedeclined.TheownerswantArnold,theCEO,toincreaserevenuestopreviouslevels.Hisfirstactionshouldbe________.

參考答案:

todeterminewhysalesareoff

Sarahhasdifficultystayingfocusedduringconversations,especiallylong"speech"typecommentsfromthespeaker.Thisislikelybecause________.

參考答案:

Sara,likemostlisteners,canunderstandmorewordsperminutethanmosttalkersspeak

Short-termplansarethosecovering________orless.

參考答案:

oneyear

Sophieisinchargeofrecruitmentathercompany.Duringaparticularinterview,thefirstthingSophienoticedabouttheapplicantwasthathewasimproperlyattired.Thoughthecandidatepossessedthenecessaryqualificationsandeffectivelyansweredallherquestions,Sophierejectedhim.Thisisanexampleofthe________.

參考答案:

anchoringeffect

Strategicplansareusually________.

參考答案:

longterm,directional,andsingleuse

Structuredproblemsalignwellwithwhichtypeofdecisions?

參考答案:

programmed

The

approachtoperformancemeasurementwasintroducedasawaytoevaluateorganizationalperformancefrommorethanjustthefinancialperspective.

參考答案:

balancedscorecard

The

leadershiptheoryisacontingencytheorythatfocusesonfollowers'readiness.

參考答案:

situational

The

modelproposedthateffectivegroupperformancedependeduponthepropermatchbetweentheleader'sstyleofinteractingwithhisorherfollowersandthedegreetowhichthesituationallowedtheleadertocontrolandinfluence.

參考答案:

Fiedlercontingency

The

styleofleadershipdescribesaleaderwhotendstoinvolveemployeesindecisionmaking,delegateauthority,encourageparticipationindecidingworkmethodsandgoals,andusefeedbackasanopportunityforcoachingemployees.

參考答案:

democratic

The________determinesthenumberoflevelsandmanagersinanorganization.

參考答案:

spanofcontrol

The________occurswhendecisionmakersselectandhighlightcertainaspectsofasituationwhileexcludingothers.

參考答案:

framingbias

TheaccountanttoldEllenthathehaddifficultyunderstandingsomeofthetechnicaltermsusedinhermemorandum.Thesetechnicaltermsarecommonlyknownas________.

參考答案:

jargon

TheCEOandhistopmanagershaveaskedthemselvestwoimportantquestions:a.docustomersvaluewhatthecompanyisproviding;andb.canthecompanymakemoneydoingthat?Thisgroupisdevelopinga________.

參考答案:

businessmodel

Thecombinedexternalandinternalanalysesarecalled________.

參考答案:

SWOTanalysis

Thecomparingstepinthecontrolprocessdetermines

.

參考答案:

thevariationbetweenactualperformanceandthestandard

Thecontrolprocessassumesthat

.

參考答案:

performancestandardsarealreadyinplace

ThefactthatMonica'ssignatureisrequiredonalldocumentsandherwordisthelastwordonalldecisionsrelatingtoherdepartmentsuggeststhat________.

參考答案:

heremployerhasacentralized