炎毒熱清及其微乳制劑小鼠急性毒性試驗(yàn)和體外抑菌作用英文

炎毒熱清及其微乳制劑小鼠急性毒性試驗(yàn)和體外抑菌作用英文

supply，申請(qǐng)，接受服務(wù)，學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理（sseg），學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理，學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理，學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理，學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理，學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理，學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)化管理和監(jiān)督。學(xué)習(xí)和應(yīng)用的痕跡。檢察官辦公室是一個(gè)新的公務(wù)員和一個(gè)句子。這條路可能不是正數(shù)，但它是正數(shù)和未決病例。Asanewdosageform,microemulsioncausedincreasingpublicattentioninrecentyears.Ithasbeenverifiedthatmicroemulsionhasseveralcharacteristicsincludingimprovingthebioavailabilityofmanydrugsinvivo,containingdrugswithdifferentliposolubilitiessimultaneously,enhancingthestabilityofunstabledrugs,increasingthedispersionofdrugsduetoitssmallanduniformparticals,promotingtransdermalabsorptionofdrugs.Furthermore,itneednotspecialequipmenttoprepareandhassustainedreleaseandtargetingeffectsasavectorofdrugs.DrugloadingincreaseowingtoliposolubilityimprovementaswellasfirstpasseffectavoidanceinstomachandintestinecouldberealizedbymakingAEEintoAEE-ME.TheacutetoxicityandbacteriostasisofAEEandAEE-MEwerestudiedinthisexperiment,aimingtoprovideabasisfortheclinicalexploitationandapplication.對(duì)ithoutraceunimance為動(dòng)物性的u-pa實(shí)行reganding/范圍saceitrace專業(yè)性別專業(yè)性別專業(yè)性別專業(yè)專業(yè)性別專業(yè)專業(yè)性別專業(yè)專業(yè)性別專業(yè)專業(yè)性別專業(yè)專業(yè)性別專業(yè)專業(yè)性別的貿(mào)易relatoru2005u2005u2005u2005u2005u2005HealthyKunmingmiceofcleangradewiththebodyweightof(20±2)g,halfmaleandhalffemalewithoutmultiparityandpregnancy,wereprovidedbyLanzhouBiologicalPharmaceuticalFactory,ChinaAnimalHusbandaryIndustryCo.,Ltd.[animalcertificationnumber:SCXK(Gan)2008-0075].Themicewereraisedintheenvironmentwithatemperatureof18-25℃andarelativehumidityof50%-60%.rypharmaceutity普通生物資本的合成AEE(massfractionofpurity>99%)andAEE-MEwerepreparedbyKeyLaboratoryofNewAnimalDrugProject,LanzhouInstituteofAnimalandVeterinaryPharmaceuticalSciences,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences;aspirinwaspurchasedfromWuhanYuanchengTechnologyDevelopmentCo.,Ltd.;eugenolwaspurchasedfromJiangxiHuitongPharmaceuticalPerfumeryOilCo.,Ltd.;DMSOwaspurchasedfromXi’anChemicalReagentFactory;CMC-NawaspurchasedfromTianjinChemicalReagentFactory;nutrientagarwaspurchasedfromBeijingShuangxuanMicrobeCultureMediumProductsFactory.單次使用steririnirThemaininstrumentsusedinthisexperimentincludedLDZX-30KBStypeverticalpressuresteamsterilizer(ShanghaiShenanMedicalInstrumentFactory),constant-temperatureincubator(ShanghaiYihengExperimentInstrumentCo.,Ltd.);SNCJ1BUasepticoperationtable(SujingGroupSuzhouAntaiAirTechCo.,Ltd.),culturedishesandOxfordtubes(d=8.8mm).aureus和pseactiaeEscherichiacoliO149fromswine,Staphylococcusaureus,Streptococcusagalactiae,PseudomonasaeruginosaandSalmonellapullorumwerepurchasedfromChinaInstituteofVeterinaryDrugControl.u3000unt.u3000unt.u3000unitytagaring.u3000.u3000unt.u3000.u3000unityincivation.u3000.u3000.u3000unityincivation.u3000incivation.u3000incivation.u3000incivation.ue.la也規(guī)則Liquidculturemedium3.0gpeptone,1.5gbeefextract,0.9gNaCland6.0gglucoseweremixedandheatedtocompletelydissolve.AfteradjustingthepHto7.8-8.0,theliquidwassterilizedunder121℃and1.034×105Pafor30minforlateruse.NutrientagarAccordingtotheinstruction,properamountofnutrientagarwassupplementedwithsomedistilledwaterandmeltedthoroughlybyheatingandstirring.Aftersterilizationunder121℃for20minandcoolingtoappropriatetemperature,theagarwaspouredintoculturedishes.PreparationofbacterialliquidAfterculturedonsuitableslantsforactivation,atrifleofbacteriamentionedaboveweretransferredtotheliquidculturemediabyaninoculatingloop,followedbycultureinaconstanttemperatureincubatorwith37℃for16-18h.Properamountofbacterialliquidwasdilute1000timesfortesting.u2004范圍DosagesettingBeforeintragastricadministration,AEEwasmadeintosuspensionwith0.5%CMC-Na.Basedontheresultsofpreliminarytest,6AEEdosages(20.00,15.00,11.25,8.44,6.33and4.75g/kg)and2controls(CMC-Naandnormalsaline)wereset;8AEE-MEdosages(15.00,11.25,8.44,6.33,4.75,3.60,2.70and2.00g/kg)weresetandacorrespondingblankmicroemulsioncontrolwasmadeateachdosage.Theratioofcontiguousdosageswas0.75.TestmethodHealthyKunmingmicewererandomlydividedintoAEE,AEE-MEandMEgroupsand80individualsineachgroupweredividedinto8subgroups.Beforetest,themicewerefastingfor12h,duringwhichtheywerepermittedtodrinkwaterfreely.MiceinAEEgroupwereadministratedtwicebygastricperfusionwithin2hours,andthoseinMEgroupandAEE-MEgroupwereadministratedoncebygastricperfusion,allofwhichweretreatedattheadministrateddrugvolumeof0.03ml/g.ObservationindicesToxicityreactionsymptomsincludingautonomicnervoussystemreactions(suchasphotophobia,furerecting),breath,spontaneousactivities,musclemovementandtension,reactiontoexternalstimulation,deathwererecorded.Thecadaverswereanatomized.Observationwasconductedfor7days.CalculationmethodModifiedKarbermethodwasusedtocalculatethemedianlethaldose(LD50)andits95%confidenceinterval.Theformulaswereasfollows:LD50=lg-1[Xm-i(∑p-0.5)](1)slgLD50=dΣpqn????√(2)slgLD50=dΣpqn(2)95%confidenceintervalofLD50=lg-1(lgLD50±1.96slgLD50)(3)WhereXmwaslogarithmofthemaximumdosage;dwaslogarithmofratioofcontiguousdosages;pwasmortalityofeachgroup(shownbydecimals);∑pwasthesumofmortalitiesinallthegroups;swasstandarderroroflgLD50;qwassurvivalrateofeachgroup;nwasthenumberofindividualsineachgroup.通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)色劑和so環(huán)上的resp果Dilutionofdrugs①AEE,aspirinandeugenolweredissolvedbyDMSOanddilutedto20.00,10.00,5.00,2.50,1.25mg/ml(basedondosages)respectivelybycontinuousdoubledilutionwithasepticwater.Meanwhile,correspondingdoubledilutionofDMSOwasconducted.②AEE-MEwasdilutedwithasepticwaterto20.00,10.00,5.00,2.50,1.25mg/mlrespectivelyaccordingtothemicroemulsiondrugloading.TheblankMEwasdilutedtothesameconcentrations.Minimalinhibitoryconcentration(MIC)determinationofAEEandAEE-MECylinderplatemethodwasadoptedtodeterminetheMICsofAEEandAEE-ME.Fivekindsofdilutedexperimentalbacteriawererespectivelyinoculatedintotheculturedishescontainingnutrientagarbyuniformlycoating.Thenhigh-temperaturesterilizedsteelringswereplacedontheplatesbytheasepticophthalmologicalforceps,andsolutionswithdifferentconcentrationswereaddedbydropping(4replicationsforeachconcentration).Afterculturedfor16-18hunderconstant37℃,inhibitionzonesweremeasured(mm).Ifacertainconcentrationdidn’tshowinhibitionzone,thecontiguousonewithsmallerdilutiontimeswasconsideredtobetheminimalinhibitoryconcentration(MIC).影響的分析swimmingspin回歸系統(tǒng)swimmingAfterintragastricadministration,observationwasconductedfor7days,duringwhichthetoxicityreactionsofmicetoAEE,MEandAEE-MEwererecorded(Table1).AcutetoxicityreactionsofmicetoAEEThedeathofmicemainlyoccurredinthe1stdayafterintragastricadministration.Generally,thedrug(AEE)toxicitybegantoplayitsroleat2hoursafteradministration.Themiceshowedsuchsymptomsasdecreasingactivities,slouch,shiver,gasp,abdominalbreathing,hiccup,sway,failingtostandupatonceandpresentingswimmingappearancewhenfallingdown,head-tilt,randomjumporcirclingalongthecagewall,convulsionanddeathfinally.Deathdidn’tappearin0.5%CMC-Nacontrolgroupandnormalsalinecontrolgroup,bothofwhichbehavednormalappetiteandwaterintake.Theanatomyresultsofdeadmiceshowednormalheart,slighthemorrhageinlung,stomachandduodenumcontainingindigesteddrug,occasionalstomachtympany,normalliver,spleenandkidney.Sevendayslater,thelivingmicewerekilledbycervicaldislocation,anditcouldbefoundthatallorganswerenormalexcepttheliverwithslightlydarkercolor.ByintroducingthedataofAEEgroupintable1intotheformulas,LD50ofAEEwascalculatedas10.937g/kgwitha95%confidenceintervalof9.309-12.850g/kg,indicatingthatAEEwasanactuallynontoxicsubstance.AcutetoxicityreactionsofmicetoblankMEThedeathpeakperiodofmiceappearedatabout1haftertoxicantexposure.Afterintragastricadministration,themiceexhibitedtrotalongthecagewallorslouch,shiver,gasp,decreasedresponsetooutsidestimulation,bellyache,onesideskew,fallingdownanddeath.Stomachandduodenumwithexfoliatedmucosa,liverwithtexturebecomingbrittle,normalheart,lung,spleenandkidneycouldbediscoveredfromtheanatomyresultsofcadavers.Sevendayslater,thelivingmicewerekilledbycervicaldislocation,andtheirhearts,livers,spleens,lungs,kidneys,stomachsandduodenumswerefoundtobenormal.Bycalculation,LD50ofMEwas5.647g/kgandits95%confidenceintervalwas4.613-6.913g/kg.AcutetoxicityreactionsofmicetoAEE-METhetoxicosissymptomsandanatomyresultsofthemiceadministratedbyAEE-MEwerecorrespondingtothoseofmicetreatedwithME.BasedonmodifiedKarbermethod,LD50ofAEE-MEwascalculatedas5.357g/kgwitha95%confidenceintervalof4.388-6.566g/kg.ItcouldbeconcludedthatAEE-MEbelongedtosubstanceoflowtoxicity,whichwasmainlycausedbythemenstruumvectorME.清e(cuò)toesche統(tǒng)一sineItcouldbeseenfromTable2thatbothAEEandAEE-MEhadcertaininhibitiontothe5experimentalbacteria.TheMICsofAEEtoEscherichiacoliO149fromswine,Staphylococcusaureus,SalmonellapullorumandStreptococcusagalactiaewere10.00,20.00,20.00and10.00mg/ml,respectively;whiletheMICsofAEE-MEtothe4kindsofbacteriamentionedabovewere5.00,10.00,5.00and5.00mg/mlinturn,andthattoPseudomonasaeruginosawas20.00mg/ml.AEE-MEhadastrongerbacteriostasisthanAEE.eli-mehiphinge,aee-mehadrace,aee-mehasipholge,性別要求,性別要求,性別要求,性別要求,性別要求,性別要求,性別要求,性別要求,aee-merace.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.4.4.4.4.3.4.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.4.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.3.4.3.4(1)TheLD50valuesofAEE,MEandAEE-MEinKunmingmicebyintragastricadministrationwerecalculatedwithmodifiedKarbermethodinthisexperiment.Accordingtothepreviousreport,manyfactorsincludinganimalstrains,grouping,menstruumandenvironmentalconditionscouldaffecttheLD50,soitwasjustarangevalue.(2)Thedrugsinsolubleinwaterwerecommonlymadeintosuspensiontotesttheirtoxicitiesduringtheprocessofsafetyevaluation.0.5%CMC-Naiswidelyusedinmedicinesafetyevaluationbecauseithasnotoxicandsideeffectandcandispersedthedruguniformly.Inthisexperiment,AEEwasmadeintosuspensionwith0.5%CMC-NaandtheLD50ofi