2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第三冊Unit4AdversityandCourage教師用書

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE一、閱讀詞匯——在詞塊中明義1．showcourageinadversity 在逆境中展示勇氣2．a(chǎn)voyageofdiscovery 探索的航行3．a(chǎn)loyalfriend 一個(gè)忠實(shí)的朋友4．influenceofConfucianism 儒家思想的影響5．a(chǎn)veragewage 平均工資6．a(chǎn)boardtheplane 上飛機(jī)7．doubletheblanket 把毯子折疊起來8．personalbelongings 個(gè)人財(cái)物9．a(chǎn)genuineantique 一件真正的古董10．makeathoroughinvestigation 進(jìn)行徹底的調(diào)查二、表達(dá)詞匯——在語境中活用(一)在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出藍(lán)體詞匯在語境中的漢語意思1．Theleavestasteratherbitter.(adj.味苦的)2．MyheartsankwhenIknewtheresult.(vi.下沉)3．Theplantsgrowbestincool,dampconditions.(adj.潮濕的)4．Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreatperseverance.(n.毅力)5．Wemustfindawaytoresolvetheseproblemsbeforeit'stoolate.(vt.解決)(二)寫出藍(lán)體詞匯的語境之義及拓展形式1．Thereisanurgentneedforqualifiedteachers.(adj.符合資格)拓展：qualifyvt.(使)合格；(使)具有資格→qualificationn．資格；資歷2．TomwasveryenthusiasticaboutgoingtoParis.(adj.熱情的)拓展：enthusiasmn．熱情；熱心→enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地3．WhenItaught,Iwouldassignatopictochildrenthattheywouldwriteabout.(vt.布置)拓展：assignmentn．分派；布置；分配4．Graduallyhebegantoacknowledgehisfeelingsofenvytowardshisfriend.(n.羨慕)拓展：enviousadj.嫉妒的5．Theheavysnowforcedmanydriverstoabandontheirvehicles.(vt.放棄)拓展：abandonedadj.被遺棄的；放縱的6．Buyyourselfadecentshirtbeforegoingforaninterview.(adj.得體的)拓展：decencyn．正派；得體；禮儀→decentlyadv.合適地；高雅地；正派地7．Fortunately,theweatherthatwinterwasreasonablymild.(adv.幸運(yùn)地)拓展：fortunen．[U]機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣；[C]大筆的錢→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的→unfortunateadj.不幸的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地8．Activitiesalltakeplaceundertheguidanceofanexperiencedtutor.(n.指導(dǎo))拓展：guidevt.指導(dǎo)n．向?qū)?；指?．ThehousewasadvertisedforsaleatD|S49,000.(vt.做廣告)拓展：advertisern．[C]廣告商→advertisementn．[C]廣告→advertisingn．廣告活動(dòng)；廣告業(yè)10．Wemadeacommitmenttokeepworkingtogether.(n.承諾)拓展：commitv．犯罪；承諾；保證11．Ifullyunderstandyourmotives.(n.動(dòng)機(jī))拓展：motivatevt.激勵(lì)；激發(fā)→motivationn．積極性；動(dòng)機(jī)三、詞塊短語——在語境中辨義活用寫出或選出加藍(lán)部分在語境中的漢語意思1．Someimpracticalsuggestionswereturneddownbythecommittee.拒絕2．WehaddreamedofvisitingtheGreatWallanditwasnotuntillastyearthatwemanagedtomakeit.成功3．Theysetoffforthedestinationtoolate;otherwisetheywouldn'thavebeenstuckinthestorm.出發(fā)4．Hewasenthusiasticaboutsportsandheeventuallybecameanathleteafteryearsofhardwork.熱衷于5．Theydiscoveredfireplacesinthecentreofthecaveswheretheymadefire.生火6．(2018·北京高考)Ordinarysoap,usedcorrectly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.處理7．Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,whichconsistsofasandwich,adrinkandadessert.由……組成8．TheseChineseherbalmedicinegivesoffauniquesmell.CA．泄露 B．屈服C．放出D．分配四、經(jīng)典句式——在佳句背誦中品悟規(guī)則用法1.教材原句Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.(Ithappenedthat...“碰巧或恰巧……”)好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧買了份報(bào)紙，看到了這則有關(guān)南極探險(xiǎn)的招募廣告。寫作亮句Samismycolleague,andithappensthatwespentourchildhoodinthesamecommunity.山姆是我的同事，我們碰巧在同一個(gè)社區(qū)長大。2.教材原句Wearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.(have/hasbeendoing現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))現(xiàn)在，我們在冰層上扎營，一直在設(shè)法生存下來，但是，春天就要來了，冰層很快就會(huì)融化。寫作亮句(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)IhavebeenreadingYouthsinceitwaspublished.自從《青春》發(fā)行以來，我一直讀它。文化典句Allpeople,whethertheyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.所有的人，無論他們是年老還是年輕，富有還是貧窮，自從災(zāi)難發(fā)生以來，一直在盡他們最大的努力去幫助那些需要幫助的人。3.教材原句WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.(without引導(dǎo)的含蓄虛擬條件句)要不是有弗蘭克和歐內(nèi)斯特，我們到現(xiàn)在早就沒命了。寫作亮句(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Iwouldn'thavemadesuchgreatprogressinmathswithouthispatientandsignificantassistance.如果沒有他的耐心的、大力的幫助，我的數(shù)學(xué)不會(huì)取得這么大的進(jìn)步。五、“續(xù)寫”片段——在背誦中品悟如何寫靚寫美常用修辭手法之夸張Theresultoftheexaminationarrives.Failure,despair,sadnesssettledownlikeaheavycloudonhishead.Ariveroftearsispouringoutofhiseyes.Hismindisracingandathousandregretsareracingtoo.Whatifhedidnotsleepathisso-calledboringclasses?Whatifheworkedmorecarefullyattheexam?Whatifhecametotheschoolintimeeveryday?Whatif...考試結(jié)果到了。失敗、絕望、悲傷像烏云一樣籠罩在他的頭上。眼淚從他的眼睛里涌出來。他的思想在奔騰，無數(shù)的遺憾也在奔騰。要是他不在所謂無聊的課堂上睡覺呢？要是他考試時(shí)更加認(rèn)真呢？要是他每天按時(shí)到學(xué)校呢？要是……[點(diǎn)評(píng)]本段話中“Ariveroftears”以及“athousandregrets”通過夸張眼淚和后悔的數(shù)量來體現(xiàn)人物難過懊悔的心情。1．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/句式升級(jí))①Althoughshe'sagreenhand,sheplayedwithgreatenthusiasm(enthusiastic)．②Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated,andshe'salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring.③WhenIvisitedthevillage,thelocalpeoplewereveryenthusiasticto_tell(tell)mealegend.④Asajournalist,Iaminterestedinmychallengingjob.→Asajournalist,Iam_enthusiastic_aboutmychallengingjob.(enthusiastic)[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)be/becomeenthusiasticabout(doing)sth. 熱衷于……；對(duì)(做)某事熱心beenthusiastictodosth. 熱衷于做某事(2)enthusiasmn. 熱情；熱心havean/theenthusiasmtodosth. 有做某事的熱情2．envyn．&vt.羨慕；妒忌[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/完成句子)①ShealwaysenviesmeformycurlyhairwhileIpreferherlongblackhair.②Britain'sNationalHealthServicewasoncetheenvyoftheworld.③Idon'tthinkI'menvious(envy)ofhissuccessandjustadmireit.④Idon'tenvytheyoung'sfollowing(follow)thefashionbuttheirenergy.⑤Ienvy_you_havingsuchaclosefamily.我羨慕你有如此親密的家庭。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)envysb.(for)sth. 羨慕/妒忌某人有某物envysb.doingsth. 羨慕/妒忌某人做某事(2)feelenvyat... 對(duì)……感到忌妒outofenvy 出于忌妒withenvy 妒忌(常作狀語)become/betheenvyof... 成為/是……妒忌或羨慕的對(duì)象(3)enviousadj. 嫉妒的(4)envy的過去式、過去分詞為envied，現(xiàn)在分詞為envying。3．turn(sb.)down拒絕(某人)[題點(diǎn)全練](完成句子)①Toourdisappointment,heturned_downourinvitation.令我們失望的是，他拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)。②(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)Thecompetitionturned_outtobeagreatsuccess.比賽結(jié)果非常成功。③Thecaptainoftheshipwasadvisedtoturn_backduetoasuddenheavystorm.由于一場突然的暴風(fēng)雨，船長被建議返航。[系統(tǒng)歸納]turnover 翻轉(zhuǎn)turnback 往回走；(使)返回turnout 結(jié)果是；證明是turnoff 關(guān)掉turnin 上交；呈遞turnto 轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于turnup 出現(xiàn)；到場；調(diào)高(聲音)1．a(chǎn)bandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/句式升級(jí))①Pleasekeepinmindthatthosewhoabandonthemselves(they)todespaircan'tsucceed.②Thegirlsjumpedupanddownandwavedtheirarmswithabandon.③Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandoned(abandon)bricksofdifferentages.④Theyabandonedcarrying(carry)outtheplanbecauseofthelackofmoney.⑤HeabandonedhimselftotheInternetgamesanddidn'tpasstheexam.→Abandoning_himself_to_the_Internet_games,_hedidn'tpasstheexam.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)→Abandoned_to_the_Internet_games,_hedidn'tpasstheexam.(過去分詞短語作狀語)[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)abandononeselfto...沉湎于……；縱情于……abandondoingsth.放棄做某事(2)withabandon放縱地；放任地beabandonedto沉湎于……難點(diǎn)釋解(1)abandon的過去分詞abandoned可用作形容詞，意思是“被遺棄的；縱情的；恣意的”，在句中常用作定語，偶爾也可用作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語。(2)abandononeselfto意思是“陷于某種情感或狀態(tài)中”，介詞to之后一般接表示某種感情或欲望的詞作賓語。(3)abandon用作名詞時(shí)的意思是“放任；盡情；任意；放縱”，常用于介詞短語with(in)abandon中。[練重難點(diǎn)](單句語法填空)⑥Thechildwasfoundabandoned(abandon)butunharmed.⑦Don'tabandonyourselftodespair.Youstillhavechances.⑧Theguestsatthepartydancedwithabandon.2．giveoff放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)[題點(diǎn)全練](介副詞填空)①M(fèi)adamCurieinsistedthattherewassomethinginnaturethatgaveoffradiation.②Duringthefestival,aneighbourofminegaveoutcandiestochildrenfromeveryhouseholdinthecommunity.③Thecouplegaveawaymostoftheirfortunetothepoorintheirsmalltown.[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納giveintosb.向某人投降/屈服/讓步giveout分配；分發(fā)；用光；筋疲力盡giveup放棄；認(rèn)輸givein屈服；投降；讓步；上交giveaway泄露；贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)辨析比較giveout/giveoff這兩個(gè)短語都表示“散發(fā)，發(fā)出”之意，通?？梢該Q用，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同：(1)giveoff通常用來表示“散發(fā)，發(fā)出”某種氣體或氣味。(2)giveout則通常用來表示“散發(fā)”某種光、聲、熱、信號(hào)等物理現(xiàn)象。此外，它還可以表示“分發(fā)，宣布，耗盡”等。[練重難點(diǎn)](英譯漢)④Boilingwatergivesoffsteams.開水散發(fā)出蒸汽。⑤Theleavesgaveoutawhirringsound.樹葉發(fā)出沙沙聲。1．Ithappenedthat...“碰巧……”[用法規(guī)則](1)“Ithappenedthat...”句式中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句；that從句中的主語是人時(shí)，此種結(jié)構(gòu)可以與“sb.＋happen＋todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)互換；(2)“sth.＋happen＋地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間”表示“某地(某時(shí))發(fā)生了什么事”；(3)“sth.＋happen＋tosb.”表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”。[應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)]完成句子①It_happened_thatwemetonabustothehospital.我們碰巧在去醫(yī)院的公交車上見面了。②Heprovedthatit'snotwhat_happens_to_usthatdeterminesourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.他證明了并不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情決定了我們的生活，而是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情。③I_happened_to_see_the_old_man_fall_down,_soIhurriedovertohelphimup.我碰巧看到老人摔倒了，所以我趕忙過去扶起他。一句多譯那天布萊恩和彼得碰巧在家。④It_happened_thatBrianandPeterwereathomethatday.⑤Brian_and_Peter_happened_to_beathomethatday.2．without引導(dǎo)的含蓄虛擬條件句[用法規(guī)則](1)在without含蓄虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，則主句謂語動(dòng)詞用would/could/might＋havedone；與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，則用would/could/might＋do。(2)含蓄虛擬條件句還可以用butfor,otherwise,or,but等詞(詞組)來引導(dǎo)。(3)otherwise,or構(gòu)成的含蓄虛擬語氣模式為“真實(shí)情況＋otherwise/or＋虛擬情況”；而but構(gòu)成的含蓄虛擬語氣模式為“虛擬情況＋but＋真實(shí)情況”。[應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)](完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)①Icouldn't_have_gone_throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.沒有你慷慨的幫助，我不可能度過那段痛苦的時(shí)期。②Itisluckythatwebookedaroom,orwewould_have_nowhere_to_stay_now.很幸運(yùn)，我們訂了個(gè)房間，否則我們現(xiàn)在就無處安身了。③Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbut_forThomasEdison.要不是托馬斯·愛迪生，我們現(xiàn)在從中受益的很多東西就不會(huì)存在。④Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbewherewearenow.→Ifhe_hadn't_supported_us,_wewouldn'tbewherewearenow.eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(寫作主題——踐行善行)))歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)中不乏為社會(huì)慈善事業(yè)做出重大貢獻(xiàn)的著名人物，也有很多人在默默無聞地做力所能及的善事。哪怕只是一次偶然的幫助，也會(huì)給他人和自己帶來意想不到的溫暖和光亮，通過自己的善行去影響他人，就能創(chuàng)造更美好的社會(huì)氛圍。弘揚(yáng)志愿者精神，做現(xiàn)代文明公民，構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)，也是高考的焦點(diǎn)。如：2020年全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá)介紹身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人；2020年新高考全國卷Ⅰ讀后續(xù)寫講述了一戶善良人家的孩子幫助鎮(zhèn)上一個(gè)貧困家庭的孩子掙錢的故事。(節(jié)選自外研版教材必修第三冊UNIT2)NicholasWintonwasbornon19May1909inLondon,toGerman-Jewishparents.ThefamilylatertookBritishnationality.Onleavingschool,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.HereturnedtoBritainin1931,whereheworkedinbusiness.(介紹了溫頓早年的經(jīng)歷)InDecember1938,afriendaskedWintontocometoPraguetoaidpeoplewhowereescapingfromtheNazis.InPrague,Wintonsawpeoplelivinginterribleconditionsandwhoseliveswereindanger.HedecidedtohelptransportchildrentosafetyinBritain.Heestablishedanofficetokeeprecordsofthechildren,andthenreturnedtoBritaintofindtemporaryhomesforthem.Heuseddonatedfundsandhisownmoneytopaythe50poundsperchildthattheBritishgovernmentrequired.ByAugust1939,Wintonhadsaved669children.(通過事例敘述了溫頓解救孩子的過程)DuringWorldWarⅡ，WintonservedasanofficerinBritain'sRoyalAirForce.Heleftthemilitaryin1954.Hethenworkedforinternationalcharitiesandforvariouscompanies.Forthemostpart,hedidnotmentionthechildrenhesaved,andhisactionssoondisappearedfrompeople'smemories.(通過事例表現(xiàn)溫頓熱衷慈善事業(yè)，不追逐名利)Thatallchangedin1988whenhiswifeGretefoundaforgottenjournalathome.Thejournalcontainedphotographsandnamesofthechildrenandaddressesofthefamiliesthattookthemin.Shesentthejournaltoanewspaper,andthatyearWintonwasseenontheBritishtelevisionprogrammeThat'sLife.Atonepoint,thehostaskedpeopleintheaudiencetostandupifNicholasWintonhadsavedtheirlives.AshockedWintonwatchedasthemajorityofpeoplerosetotheirfeet.Theprogrammebroughthisactionstopublicattention,andWintonbecamearespectedfigurearoundtheworld.(詳述了改變溫頓人生的事件)Later,Wintonreceivedvarioushonoursforhisachievement,includingaknighthoodin2003,andtheCzechgovernment'shighesthonour,theOrderoftheWhiteLion,in2014.NicholasWintonpassedawayon1July2015,attheageof106.AstheChinesesayinggoes,“Akind-heartedpersonlivesalonglife.”(表達(dá)了“仁者壽”的中心思想)由教材學(xué)寫法1．學(xué)亮點(diǎn)詞匯第二段中的terrible,indanger寫出了那些受納粹迫害的人的艱難處境，也襯托出溫頓的營救行為的偉大。第四段中的shocked,respected等詞寫出了溫頓不沽名釣譽(yù)、默默奉獻(xiàn)的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。最后一段中的passaway相對(duì)于die更委婉一些，帶有緬懷之意。2．學(xué)修辭手法文章最后使用了一句中國諺語作為結(jié)尾，用詞簡潔生動(dòng)，句意通俗易懂，增加了文章的說服力和感染力。3．學(xué)行文邏輯本文按時(shí)間順序敘述了溫頓的生平。本文中出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間詞有：19May1909,1931,December1938,August1939,DuringWorldWarⅡ，1954,1988,2003,2014,1July2015等。作者以這些時(shí)間為線索，描述了溫頓的生平事跡。作者通過這些事跡贊揚(yáng)了溫頓不可磨滅的善行。Ⅰ.多積詞塊——豐富表達(dá)方式1．behonouredas 被譽(yù)為2．beregardedas 被認(rèn)為是3．bewellknownfor 以……出名4．becomefamousfor 因……而出名5．devoteone'slifeto 一生致力于6．a(chǎn)ttachmuchimportanceto 重視7．neverseekfameorpraise 從不追求名利或贊美8．bereadytohelpothers 樂于助人9．goodcommunicationskill 良好的交際技能10．makeefforts/makeaneffort 作出努力Ⅱ.多積佳句——彰顯表達(dá)功底1．Thereisnodoubtthathiscontributionisofgreatsignificance.毫無疑問，他的貢獻(xiàn)是很重要的。2．Therearemanygreatpeoplewhohavedrivensocialdevelopment.有很多偉人，他們推動(dòng)了社會(huì)的發(fā)展。3．HewasawardedoneofthetoptenpeoplemovingChina.他被評(píng)為“感動(dòng)中國十大人物”之一。4．Becauseofthis,herspiritswillneverstopinfluencingme,pushingmetoworkhardtoachievemygoal.正因?yàn)槿绱?，她的精神將永不停止地影響我，并促使我努力?shí)現(xiàn)我的目標(biāo)。5．TuYouyou,afamousscientistofourcountry,wasawardedtheNobelPrizeforMedicinebecauseofherdiscoveringQinghaosu.我國著名科學(xué)家屠呦呦因發(fā)現(xiàn)青蒿素而獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。一、作文補(bǔ)寫表達(dá)亮下面是一篇介紹鐘南山的短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示，運(yùn)用上面所學(xué)，將文章補(bǔ)充完整。OnSeptember8,2020,ZhongNanshan,China'smedicalexpert,?was_awarded_the_Medal_of_the_Republic(被授予“共和國勛章”),thehigheststatehonour,?for_his_outstanding_contribution(因?yàn)樗慕艹鲐暙I(xiàn))tofightingtheCOVID-19epidemic.Zhong,?who_led_the_fight_against_various_viruses(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了抗擊多種病毒的斗爭；who引導(dǎo)定語從句),suchasSARSin2003,wasagainputunderspotlight?as_the_COVID-19_broke_out(當(dāng)新冠肺炎爆發(fā)的時(shí)候)．?Dangerous_as_the_disease_was(雖然這種病是危險(xiǎn)的；as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的倒裝形式),?the_respected_doctor(這位備受尊重的醫(yī)生)stoodonthefrontlineofepidemicprevention,wherenumerousliveswereatriskoftheshockingCOVID-19.Admittedly,ZhonghashandedoveraperfectanswersheettothePartyandthepeopleandheisaheroicfigure?fully_deserving_the_honour(完全值得這份榮譽(yù)；分詞短語作定語)．二、續(xù)寫語段思維活結(jié)合主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個(gè)80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：一個(gè)窮困的男孩在挨家挨戶地推銷商品。饑寒交迫的他向一位女士乞討了一杯水→那位女士端給他一大杯熱牛奶→男孩不安地問要為這杯牛奶付多少錢→女士的回答是：善意不需要付錢→多年后，這位女士重病住院，會(huì)診的醫(yī)生中就有當(dāng)年的那個(gè)男孩，那個(gè)男孩就是名醫(yī)DrKelly→手術(shù)后，DrKelly在賬單的背后寫下了一行字，然后，賬單被交到忐忑不安等著天價(jià)手術(shù)費(fèi)的女士手中……Thebillwassenttoherroom.參考范文：Thebillwassenttoherroom.Shewasafraidtoopenitbecauseshewaspositivethatitwouldtaketherestofherlifetopayitoff.Finallyshelooked,andthenoteonthesideofthebillcaughtherattention.Shereadthesewords:“Paidinfullwithaglassofmilk.”ThenotewassignedbyDrKelly.Tearsofjoyfloodedhereyes.Soonafter,shelearnedthatDrKellywasthelittleboy.Shehadneverthoughtthatalargeglassofhotmilkcouldhavesuchagreatimpactonher.課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)語篇閱讀訓(xùn)練——保準(zhǔn)度Ⅰ.閱讀理解Larrywasonanotherofhisunderwaterexpeditions(探險(xiǎn))butthistime,itwasdifferent.Hedecidedtotakehisdaughteralongwithhim.Shewasonlytenyearsold.Thiswouldbeherfirsttripwithherfatheronwhathehadalwaysbeenfamousfor.Larryfirstbegandivingwhenhewashisdaughter'sage.Similarly,hisfatherhadtakenhimalongononeofhisexpeditions.Sincethen,hehadneverlookedback.Larrystartedoutbyrentingdivingsuitsfromthesmalldivingshopjustalongtheshore.Hehadhatedthem.Theywereeithertoobigortoosmall.Then,therewastheinstructor.Hegavehimashortlessonbeforeallowinghimintothewaterwithhisfather.Hehadmadeanexception.Larrywouldneverhavebeenabletogodownwithoutatleastfivehoursoftheoryandanothersimilarnumberofhoursonpracticallessonswithaguide.Childrenofhisagewerenotevenallowedtodive.Afterthefirstexpedition,Larry'slaterdivingadventuresonlygotbetterandbetter.Therewasneveradullmoment.Inhisblackandbluesuitandwithanoxygentankfastenedonhisback,Larrydivedfromboatsintothemiddleoftheocean.Dangerousareasdidnotpreventhimfromcontinuinghissearch.Sometimes,hewaslimitedtoacageunderwaterbutthatdidnotbotherhim.Atleast,hewasstillabletotakephotographsoftheunderwatercreatures.Larry'sfirstexpeditionwithouthisfatherwasintheCaymanIslands.TherewerenumerousdivingspotsintheareaandLarrywasdeterminedtovisitallofthem.Fortunatelyforhim,amanofferedtotakehimaroundthedifferentspotsforfree.Larrydidnotevenknowwhatthetimewas,howmanyspotshedivedintoorhowmanyphotographshehadtaken.ThedivingspotsaffordedsuchawidearrayoffishandseacreaturesthatLarrysawmorethanthirtyvarietiesofcreatures.Larrylookedathisdaughter.Shelookedasexcitedashehadbeenwhenhewasherage.Hehopedshewouldbeabletocontinuethefamilytradition.Already,shelookedlikeshewasmuchbraverthanLarryhadbeenthen.Thiswasthekeytoasuccessfulunderwaterexpedition.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位名叫Larry的海底探險(xiǎn)家準(zhǔn)備帶他的女兒去海底探險(xiǎn)，并由此回憶起了他自己的第一次探險(xiǎn)以及后來探險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷。1．InwhatwaywasthisexpeditiondifferentforLarry?A．Hisdaughterhadgrownup.B．Hehadbecomeafamousdiver.C．Hisfatherwoulddivewithhim.D．Hisdaughterwoulddivewithhim.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一、二句可知，這一次的不同之處在于他的女兒將與他一起潛水。2．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A．Larryhadsomeprivileges.B．Larrylikedtherenteddivingsuits.C．Divershadtobuydivingequipment.D．Ten-year-oldchildrenwerepermittedtodive.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段尤其是最后兩句可知，每次潛水前都有導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)并訓(xùn)練他，在他那個(gè)年齡的孩子甚至不被允許去潛水，由此可推斷，他有一些特權(quán)。3．WhydidLarryhavetostayinacageunderwatersometimes?A．Toprotecthimselffromdanger.B．Todiveintothedeepwater.C．Toadmiretheunderwaterview.D．Totakephotosmoreconveniently.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Dangerousareas...didnotbotherhim.”可知，讓他待在籠子里應(yīng)該是為了保護(hù)他。4．WhatdidLarryexpecthisdaughtertodo?A．Becomeasuccessfuldiver.B．Makeagooddivingguide.C．Takealotofphotosunderwater.D．Havelongerhoursoftraining.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文最后一段內(nèi)容可知，Larry期望他的女兒成為一名成功的潛水員。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五HowtostoplifegettingyoudownWedon'tliketotalkaboutourstruggles,choosinginsteadtoputonabraveface.__5__Therearemanymeanspossibletopreventourselvesfrombeingknockeddown.Tryoutanewhobby.Hobbiesdon'tjustfilltime,buttheyalsohelptogiveyouasenseofpurposeandsomethingtobeproudof.Tryoutanewsport,learntodanceorperhapsjoinamusicclub.__6__Reachout.Ifyou'restrugglingorfeelingdown,alwaysrememberthatyoudon'tneedtobeonyourown.__7__You'llalsofindthatonlineconferencesandsocialmediasitescanprovideopportunitiestoconnectandaskforhelp.__8__Anewview,focusingontinysurprisesinourlife,canhelpyoutofeelmorepositive.Starttoappreciatethebeautyofaflower,afavouritepieceofmusicorasimplesunnyday.Gooutfordinnerandmakeeffortstotrulyenjoytheflavourofyourmealorliebackonyourbed,surroundedbytotalsilence,andsimplyfocusonhowitfeelstobreatheandtorelax.Dothingsforothers.__9__You'llfeelmorepositiveknowingthatyou'recontributingtoabetterworld,whetherhelpingjustonepersonoralargergroup.Trydoingafewrandomactsofkindnesstobrightenupyourday,payforsomeone'sdinneratarestaurantorsendanicelettertosomeonethatyouknoworsomeonethat'smadeadifferencetoyourlife.A．Trytoappreciatethelittlethings.B．Theymaydowondersforyourmood.C．Trynottoworryaboutwhatpeoplethinkofyou.D．Friendswillbehappytohelpandprovidesupport.E．Donotbebotheredbythingsaffectingyourmood.F．Fewthingsbuildself-confidencequitelikedoingafavor.G．So,whenthingsstarttogetyoudown,howcanyoupickyourselfbackup?語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就當(dāng)遇到困難與挫折時(shí)，如何讓自己勇敢面對(duì)提出了一些建議。5．選G上文談到“不愿談?wù)撋钪杏龅降睦щy，我們選擇以勇敢的面孔去面對(duì)”，空后一句提到有多種可能的方法不讓自己被壓倒，G項(xiàng)“所以，當(dāng)事情開始讓你沮喪的時(shí)候，你怎么能重新振作起來呢？”符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。6．選B上文“Hobbiesdon'tjust...somethingtobeproudof.”與B項(xiàng)“Theymaydowondersforyourmood.”承接自然，都講述了愛好給人帶來的好處。7．選D本段主題句是“Reachout.”，D項(xiàng)“Friendswillbehappytohelpandprovidesupport.”與主題句意思一致，選項(xiàng)中的help呼應(yīng)主題句。8．選A設(shè)空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)空后一句可知，本段的建議是欣賞生活中的小事。A項(xiàng)“Trytoappreciatethelittlethings.”可以作為本段主旨句。9．選F選項(xiàng)F與下文內(nèi)容語境一致，符合邏輯，且選項(xiàng)中的“doingafavor”呼應(yīng)主旨句Dothingsforothers。Ⅲ.完形填空eq\a\vs4\al(2023·臨沂期末考試)Myjourneytoisolation(與世隔絕)inAntarcticawassomewhataccidental.Isawa(n)__10__inaprintpublicationforajobasastationleaderforanexpeditiontoDavisStation,Antarctica.Actually,itwasthe__11__intheadthatcaughtmyattention.It__12__thattheycould“teachAntarctica”butwerelookingforsomeoneinchargeofadiverseteamofmultiskilledexpeditioners.Iwenttothejob__13__andwasthensenttoatrainingcentrewith13mencompetingforthejob.__14__18strangersaroundtheclockforafullyear,withno__15__fromthecoldandstrongwinds,Ihavefirsthandknowledgeaboutwhatitfeelsliketocomeoutofmonthsofisolation.Antarcticaiscompletely__16__—therearenobirdssinging,notreesblowingtheirleaves.Afterbeinginisolation,thenoiseintheoutsideworldseemed__17__.Gosh,ittookmeaboutsixmonthsto__18__thenoisylife.IlimitedthetimeIspentoutsideandgradually__19__mytolerancefornoise.Besides,the__20__ofmylifeinAntarcticawasveryslow,justlikeeveryone'slifeinlockdown(禁閉期)duetothepandemic.WhenIfirstgotintomycarforaridealone,IfeltlikeIwas__21__，eventhoughIwasn't.Andlifewassimpleinisolation.WhenIwasontheexpedition,wedidn'thavemany__22__.Icouldn'tdecideonwhattowearorwhattoeat.SowhenIfirstcamehomeandsaw30typesoffood,Igotabit__23__.NowadaysIoftenthinkbacktowhenIsawthepictureofthepenguinthat__24__metolookattheadforthejob.It'samomentthatchangedmylifecompletely.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者獲得了南極探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)領(lǐng)隊(duì)的工作，雖然在南極經(jīng)歷了一年的艱苦生活和無法逃避的嚴(yán)寒，作者覺得是值得的。10．A.requirement B．pictureC．a(chǎn)dvertisement D．a(chǎn)ccident解析：選C根據(jù)下文“inthead”可知，作者看到了一則廣告。11．A.penguin B．a(chǎn)dvertiserC．captain D．competitor解析：選A根據(jù)下文“whenIsawthepictureofthepenguin”可知，此處是信息詞penguin的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。12．A.warned B．orderedC．doubted D．noted解析：選D此處指廣告里特別提到的內(nèi)容。13．A.interview B．sceneC．a(chǎn)pplication D．market解析：選A根據(jù)上文“inaprintpublicationforajobasastationleader”可知，這是一則招聘廣告，作者去面試了。14．A.Seeking B．LeadingC．Knowing D．Training解析：選B根據(jù)上文“asastationleaderforanexpedition”可知，此處指領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這支探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)。15．A.suffer B．escapeC．concern D．favor解析：選B根據(jù)上文“Myjourneytoisolation(與世隔絕)inAntarctica”和“afullyear”可知，作者一年之內(nèi)無法逃離寒冷和強(qiáng)風(fēng)。16．A.noisy B．excitingC．silent D．a(chǎn)lone解析：選C根據(jù)空后“therearenobirdssinging,notreesblowingtheirleaves”可知，南極是安靜的。17．A.louder B．goneC．quieter D．normal解析：選A根據(jù)下文“mytolerancefornoise”可知，強(qiáng)烈的反差使得噪音顯得更大了。18．A.keep B．changeC．suit D．create解析：選C根據(jù)下文“IlimitedthetimeIspentoutsideandgradually________mytolerancefornoise.”可知，作者花費(fèi)六個(gè)月才適應(yīng)了噪音。19．A.putoff B．turneddownC．gaveup D．builtup解析：選D根據(jù)上文可知，作者花了6個(gè)月的時(shí)間逐漸適應(yīng)了南極的噪音，增強(qiáng)了對(duì)噪音的忍耐力。20．A.meaning B．paceC．quality D．level解析：選B根據(jù)下文“justlikeeveryone'slifeinlockdown(禁閉期)duetothepandemic”這個(gè)類比可知，在南極的生活節(jié)奏非常慢。21．A.running B．drivingC．wandering D．speeding解析：選D因?yàn)樯罟?jié)奏很慢，以至于作者開車時(shí)以為自己超速了。22．A.choices B．hopesC．tasks D．schemes解析：選A根據(jù)上文“Andlifewassimpleinisolation.”可知，與世隔絕的生活很簡單，因此在生活上沒有很多的選擇。23．A.upset B．confusedC．a(chǎn)mused D．patient解析：選B根據(jù)上文可知，南極的生活很簡單，在生活上沒有很多選擇，因此作者回家后看到30種食物時(shí)，不太適應(yīng)，感到有點(diǎn)困惑。24．A.expected B．a(chǎn)dvisedC．inspired D．a(chǎn)llowed解析：選C根據(jù)上文“Actually,itwasthe________intheadthatcaughtmyattention.”可知，正是廣告上企鵝的照片吸引了作者的注意力，激發(fā)了作者去看招聘廣告。Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Sometimesloveismorepowerfulthandoctors,andmydadprovedthat.Manyyearsago,mydad,anartist,sufferedfromheartdisease.Hewasunabletoworkforalongtime.Hewouldbefineforawhile,butwouldthenfallsuddenlyillandhavetobeadmittedtothehospital.However,hesti