人教版（2023）選擇性必修一Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language 課件（33張）

第第頁(yè)人教版（2023）選擇性必修一Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningAboutLanguage課件（33張）(共33張PPT)

Buildupyourvocabulary

Bytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:

discoverthemeaningofwords,andthenexaminehowtheyareusedincontext;

understandandpractisetheuseoftherootsofEnglishwordswiththevocabularyfromthetext;

understandandpractisewordsincontext.

Learningobjectives

Reviewthestoryofhowartemisininwasdiscoveredbyusingthewordsbelow.

boil,liquid,extract,substance,conclude,committed,acknowledge,objective,crucial,apparently,obtain,insist

Lead-in

ReviewthewordsandexpressionsinReadingandThinkingpart.

1.__________/__________adj.至關(guān)重要的

2.commitvt.___________________vi.________________________________

→__________adj.______________________________

→_____________n.______________________

3.distinctadj.________________________→__________n.______________________

4.___________________________________普遍認(rèn)為

5.apparentlyadv.____________________

6.objectiven.____________________adj.______________________

7._____________n.性質(zhì)；特征；財(cái)產(chǎn)→（復(fù)數(shù)）______________________

8.__________vt.

usewhatyouhavelearntinthepreviousactivitiestocombinesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;

usewhatyouhavelearntinthepreviousactivitiestoexpressyourownideasoropinionsbyusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.

Learningobjectives

Appreciatethesentencebelow.

Lead-in

ThewomanwhoisreceivingtheprizeisTuYouyou.

定語(yǔ)從句

先行詞

關(guān)系詞

關(guān)系詞的作用：

引導(dǎo)作用（引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）

替代作用（替代先行詞）

在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分的作用

who,whom,which,that,whose,as

關(guān)系代詞

where,when,why

關(guān)系副詞

定語(yǔ)從句在高考中的考點(diǎn)及運(yùn)用

語(yǔ)法填空：填寫正確的關(guān)系詞

寫作：運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句，增加文章亮點(diǎn)，提高文章檔次

Grammar

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句往往是對(duì)先行詞或整個(gè)主句進(jìn)行附加說(shuō)明，主從句的關(guān)系并不十分密切，如果省略非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，主句的意義仍然完整清楚。從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞

關(guān)系詞所指所作成分

關(guān)系代詞who指人主語(yǔ)

whom指人賓語(yǔ)（不能省略）

which指物或指代整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)等

whose指人或指物定語(yǔ)

as指代整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)等

關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

where通常是地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)

MrZhang,whocametoseemeyesterday,isanoldfriendofmyfather.

張先生是我父親的一位老朋友，昨天他來(lái)看我了。（who在從句中作主語(yǔ)）

Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isnowbackinParis.

彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了，你在倫敦見(jiàn)過(guò)他。（whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，不能省略）

Lauracouldn’tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.

勞拉不能來(lái)參加我們的聚會(huì)，這真遺憾。（which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代前面整個(gè)句子）

JacktoldmehewouldjointhePoetryClub,whichsurprisesmegreatly.

杰克告訴我他要加入詩(shī)歌俱樂(lè)部，這讓我很吃驚。（which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代的是

“hewouldjointhePoetryClub”這件事，即主句的一部分）

Thatevening,whichIwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.

那天晚上我工作到很晚，稍后我會(huì)告訴你更多關(guān)于那天晚上的事。（which在從句中作

賓語(yǔ)，指代“Thatevening”）

MrSmith,whosedaughterwenttoTsinghuaUniversitylastyear,retiredyesterday.

史密斯先生昨天退休了，他女兒去年上了清華大學(xué)。（whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)，指人）

MrBrownhaswrittenanovel,whosenameIcompletelyremember.

布朗先生寫了部小說(shuō)，我完全記得它的書(shū)名。（whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)，指物）

Moreandmorepeopleintheworld,aswesee,havecometorealizethesignificanceofpollutioncontrol.

正如我們所見(jiàn)，世界上越來(lái)越多的人已開(kāi)始意識(shí)到控制污染的重要性。（as指代整個(gè)主

句的內(nèi)容）

ThestoryinthebookhappenedinCanada,whereNormanBethunewasborn.

書(shū)中的故事發(fā)生在加拿大，諾爾曼·白求恩就是在那里出生的。（where在從句中作地

點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）

IleftonSunday,wheneveryonewasathome.

我星期日離開(kāi)的，那天所有人都在家。（when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）

as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

關(guān)系代詞意義從句位置

as正如，就像可位于句首、句中或句末

which這一點(diǎn)，這/那一般位于所修飾詞或句之后

眾所周知，上海是座大城市。

Asisknowntoall,Shanghaiisabigcity.

Shanghai,asisknowntoall,isabigcity.

Shanghaiisabigcity,asisknowntoall.

他的發(fā)言冗長(zhǎng)且乏味，這讓我們昏昏欲睡。

Hemadealongboringspeech,whichmadeusfeelsleepy.

限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

區(qū)別限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

形式上主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)也不停頓。與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)有停頓。

功能上用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清。用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。

翻譯上翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前，如：Heisthestudentwhoselegwasbroken.他就是那個(gè)一條腿骨折了的學(xué)生。從句與主句分開(kāi)翻譯，如：

I’veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.

我邀請(qǐng)了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。

含義上Ihaveabrotherwhoisapolice.我有一個(gè)當(dāng)警察的哥哥。（哥哥不止一個(gè)）Ihaveabrother,whoisapolice.

我有個(gè)哥哥，他是名警察。（只有一個(gè)哥哥）

先行詞只能是名詞或代詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語(yǔ)或句子

引導(dǎo)詞that,why,which,who,whom有時(shí)可以省略which,who,whom,whose,when,where一律不省略

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句需要注意的問(wèn)題

1.that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常常位于句末，但也可位于句中，這時(shí)前后都需要用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。

Disneyland,whichconsistsofseveralthemeareas,isapopulartouristdestination.

迪士尼樂(lè)園是頗受歡迎的旅游目的地，包含好幾個(gè)主題園區(qū)。

3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞指人時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用whom，不可

用who/that；先行詞指物時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用which，不能用that。

Thecolourlessgas,withoutwhichwecan’tlive,iscalledoxygen.

這種無(wú)色的氣體就是氧氣，離了它我們無(wú)法生存。

4.“名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+介詞of+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

JulieisgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespeaksfluently.

朱莉擅長(zhǎng)德語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和俄語(yǔ)，所有這些語(yǔ)言她說(shuō)得都很流利。

Hersons,bothofwhomworkabroad,ringherupeveryweek.

她的兩個(gè)兒子每周都給她打電話，他們都在國(guó)外工作。

Inourclassthereare46students,halfofwhomwearglasses.

我們班有46名學(xué)生，其中一半戴眼鏡。

TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.

TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.

TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.

Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.

Exercise

Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.

restrictive,describethekindofmedicaltreatmentstheytested

non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutNobelPrize

non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutHainan

non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutthepatients

Choosethewordsintheboxtocompletethesentences.(WorkbookP62-1)

whowhomwhichwhosewhenwherein/of/forwhichofwhom

Somepeoplealwaystalkloudlyinpublic,__________isreallyannoying.

ProfessorLu,__________youspoketo,specialisesinconstitutionallaw.

Pleasecomebackatfouro’clock,__________yourherbalmedicinewillbeready.

Whatdoyouwanttowriteaboutthesepeople,__________storiesIhavejusttoldyou

HaveyoubeentotheLouvreMuseum,_______________youcanseetheMonaLisaondisplay

Thereare45studentsinourclass,out__________only10aretakinganoptionalartcourse.

Hermotherworksinacompany,_______________employeesareallwomen.

Itisvitaltolearntousethesesoftwareprogrammes,both__________canhelpyouwithcollectionandevaluation.

which

whom/who

when

whose

where/inwhich

ofwhom

where/inwhich

ofwhich

Decidewhetherthesentencesarerightorwrong.Correctthemwherenecessary.(WorkbookP62-2)

Pleasewritedownthesephrases,allofthemwillbeusefulinyourwriting.

Asaconsequenceofsendinginhisapplicationlate,hedidnotgetapatentforhisinvention,thatwasnotsurprisingatall.

Theresearchersareevaluatingthousandsofplants,whichhavedistinctmedicalproperties.

Thegentleoldmanistheonlyperson,whomIcantrust.

Haveyoudoneallwhatyoucantohelpthepeopleinneed

Isthisthebotanicalinstitutewhereyouvisitedlastweek

which

which

√

that

that

which/that

Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Howdothesentencesflowdifferently

Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.

Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.

ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.

ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.

→ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin.

Example

Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.

Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,whereHitlerwasinpower.

ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.

n.條件；環(huán)境；狀況

Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.

ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei—afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.

Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.

Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,whichinspiredusalot.

ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei—afamousChinese-Americanarchitect,whowasborninGuangzhou,China.

Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart,whichwasabigchallengeforme.

Ineachcase,therearetwoshortsentenceswhichsoundseparatetoeachother.Bycombiningthetwosimplesentencestogetherusingnon-restrictiverelativeclause,thesentencebecomesmorevariedandhasbetterflow.

Conclusion

n.小說(shuō)家

流程表

Workinpletethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclausestogiveextrainformation.Thensharethemwithyourgroupmembers.

Iwouldliketotravelaround...,...

Whatimpressedmemost...,...

Myfavouritescientistis...,...

I’dliketotry...,...

→I’dliketotrythatChineseherbalmedicineagain,whichseemstoworkbestformycough.

Example

IwouldliketotravelaroundSichuanProvince,whereJiuzhaigoulocates.

Whatimpressedmemostaboutthefilmwastheending,whichwasquitemoving.

MyfavouritescientistisNikolaTesla,whowasquitebrilliantbutalsohadsomecrazyideas.

Finallywearrivedat...,...

Mygrandparentslike...,...

Iwishtoobtain...,...

Mybestfriend...,...

Finallywearrivedatthezoo,whichwasclosedforrepairs.

Mygrandparentslikegoingforoutingsinspring,whichisgoodfortheirhealth.

Iwishtoobtainadrivinglicence,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttodriveacar.

Mybestfriendcametovisitlastweek,whichwasthefirsttimeIhadseenhiminyears.

Writeafewsentencesaboutsomegreatpeoplewiththeinformationgivenbelow.Userelativeclauses.(WorkbookP62-3)

SongQingling,whowasDrSunYat-sen’swifeandoneofthetopleadersinmodernChinesehistory,devotedherlifetoimprovingthewelfareofwomenandchildren.

NeilArmstrong,whowasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969,said,“That’sasmallstepfor(a)man,onegiantleapformankind.”

NormanBethune,whocametoChinainWorldWarII,workedselflesslyinChinaasadoctorandsavedmanyChinesepeople.

LuXunwasaleadingfigureofmodernChineseliterature.LuXunLiteraryPrize,whichisoneofChina’stopfourliteraryprizes,isawardedeverythreeyears.

JoanofArc,whowasagirldressedasaman,wenttofightforhercountry.ShehelpeddrivetheEnglishinvadersoutofFrance.

Didyoucometoanyconclusions(P4)

你得出結(jié)論了嗎？

conclusion/knklun/n.結(jié)論；推論

搭配

cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論

jumptoconclusions匆忙下結(jié)論

bring...toaconclusion使……結(jié)束

inconclusion最后；總而言之（用于文章或講話的末尾，表示即將結(jié)束）

拓展

concludevt.得出結(jié)論，推斷出vt.&vi.（使）結(jié)束，終止

concludesth.(fromsth.)=conclude(fromsth.)that...（從……）推斷出/斷定……

conclude(sth.)withsth.=conclude(sth.)bydoingsth.以……結(jié)束（……）

1

Languagepoints

例句

We’llhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewecometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion.

得出結(jié)論之前我們將做進(jìn)一步的討論。

Inconclusion,weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofonlinelearningandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.總之，我們應(yīng)該充分了解線上學(xué)習(xí)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，找到合適的方法使我們的學(xué)習(xí)更有效率。

Weknowwellwhatdifficultieswehavetocopewithtobringourworktoasuccessfulconclusion.

我們很清楚要使我們的工作圓滿結(jié)束，我們必須克服哪些困難。

IwouldliketoconcludebysayingthatIdoenjoyyourmagazine.

最后，我想說(shuō)我的確很喜歡你們的雜志。

Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.(P5)

她的情況是我們無(wú)法控制的。

circumstance/skmstns/n.[usuallypl.]條件；環(huán)境；狀況

搭配

in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下，既然如此

in/undernocircumstances決不；無(wú)論如何不（放在句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝）

例句

In/Underthecircumstances,itseemedbetternottotellhimabouttheaccident.

在這種情況下，不告訴他有關(guān)這次事故的情況似乎更好。

Undernocircumstancesshouldyoungstersfollownegativeinformationonmassmediablindly.

青少年無(wú)論如何都不應(yīng)盲目跟從大眾媒體上的負(fù)面消息。

2

Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.(P5)

老師讓我們聽(tīng)他最喜歡的小說(shuō)家J.K.羅琳的演講。

novelist/nvlst/n.小說(shuō)家

例句

Foranovelist,that’squiteanaccomplishment.

對(duì)于一個(gè)小說(shuō)家來(lái)說(shuō)，那是一個(gè)了不起的成就。

拓展

noveln.（長(zhǎng)篇）小說(shuō)

例句

Herlatestnoveliseagerlyawaited.

人們熱切期待她的最新小說(shuō)。

3

Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.(P5)

要求我借助流程圖來(lái)解釋這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

flow/fl/n.流；流動(dòng)；流暢；供應(yīng)vi.流；流動(dòng)

搭配

flowchart流程圖cashflow現(xiàn)金流量

例句

Wearekeepingourheadabovewater,butourcashflowpositionisnottoogood.

我們雖然還未陷入困境，但資金流轉(zhuǎn)狀況不太好。

Thisflowchart,shownbelow,summarizestheoverallcostingprocess.

如下所示，這張流程圖概括了成本計(jì)算的整個(gè)過(guò)程。

Thisvalveregulatestheflowofwater.這個(gè)閥門調(diào)節(jié)水流。

Theriverisflowingslowly.河水緩緩地流動(dòng)。

4

【即學(xué)即練：語(yǔ)法填空】

Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,________RachelC