中考英語必考知識點

冠詞a/an/the1.Hegavemysister＿＿＿＿usefulbookyesterday.A.anB.aC./Dthe

2.Mybrotheris＿＿h(yuǎn)onestboy，sohehasmanyfriends.A.aB.anC.theD/

3.Thereisabigtree＿＿＿＿thehouse.A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.infrontD.atclass 4.Jimalwaysanswerstheteacher’squestions_______.

A.inclassB.intheclassC.afterclassD.atclass

2.“other"

"others""another""theother"怎么區(qū)別和怎么用？other：(三者及其以上）形容詞，其他的，后面修飾名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。Somestudentsare

playingbasketball,otherstudents

areplayingtennis..

anyother加單數(shù)名詞others：(三者及其以上）代詞，其他的（人或事），相當(dāng)于other+名詞。如：

Somestudentsareplayingfootball,othersareplayingbasketball.(others=otherstudents)

another：（三者及其以上）形容詞，額外的，另外的(不包括前面所講的內(nèi)容)。如：

Tofinishthework,weneedanothertwohours.(要完成這項工作，我們還需要（在原來基礎(chǔ)上增加）兩個小時。)

theother

（兩者/兩部分）另一個

。代詞，另一個（人或物），常與one連用。如：

Therearetwoapples.Oneisgreen,theotherisred1)Willyoushowme____?Idon’tlikeit’scolour.2)Shehastwocomputers.OneisIBMPC386and____isIBMPC586.3)Tomrunsfasterthanany____studentinhisclass.4)ThestudentshaveEnglish,Chinese,maths,biologyandmanysubjects.5)Whyareonlythreeofyouhereintheclassroom?Whereare______?6)Myclassmatescomefromdifferentpartsofthecountry.SomecomefromShanghai,somefromTianjinand_fromBeijing.3?？嫉牟豢蓴?shù)名詞information，knowledge，furniture,luggage，clothing,equipment，homework，housework,news,paper,mathematics,economics,food,money,

water

,difficulty,cloud,rain…Irememberonthatday______comeoneafteranothertoourfamily.itreallysurprisedallofus.

A.goodpiecesofnewsB.piecesofgoodnewsC.agoodpieceofnewsD.apieceofgoodnews4.常考可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不規(guī)則變化：childchildrenfootfeettoothteethgoose-geesemousemicemanmenwomanwomenGermanGermans以o結(jié)尾的heroheroes,potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoesphoto-photos.以f/fe結(jié)尾的lifelivesleafleaveswifewivescuffcuffs5.修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的詞。

既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，有可以修飾不可名詞的詞有Some

、any、enough,

a

lot

of，

lots

of、

plenty

of、

a

large

quantity

of

、large

quantities

of.

只能修飾可數(shù)名詞表示“許多、大量”之意的詞有many,

a

good/great

many

(of)

,

a

(large)

number

of，dozensof，few,afew等。

只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有a

great

deal

of

,

a

large

amount

of

,

much,little,alittle等。

但若肯定句中有too,

so,

as,

very或how

等詞修飾時,則必須使用

many,

much。例如:

The

number

of

the

people

who

lost

their

homes

reached

as

many

as

250,000.

無家可歸的人數(shù)多達(dá)250,000人。

There

is

too

much

work

to

do.

要做的工作太多了。6.形容詞/副詞.考點一：對形容詞、副詞基本概念的考查例1─Isthephysicsproblem_____?─Yes,Icanworkitout_____.A.easy;easilyB.easy;easyC.easily;easyD.easily;easily[中考鏈接]1.Samlikesmusicverymuch.Helives_____,butheneverfeels_____.A.alone,lonelyB.alone,aloneC.lonely,aloneD.lonely,lonely2.Thiskindofshirtlooks_____,andsells_____.A.nice,wellB.well,niceC.good,goodD.well,well3.Drinkingmilkcankeepus_____.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.tobehealthy考點二：對形容詞、副詞原級的考查例2Lucywritesas_____asLily.Theyarebothgoodstudents.A.carefulB.carefullyC.morecarefulD.mostcarefully此題考查學(xué)生對形容詞、副詞原級的掌握情況。當(dāng)形容詞、副詞前有as,so,too,very,quite等詞時，一般用它們的原級形式。[中考鏈接]4.Thehorseisoldandcannotrun_____itdid.A.asfasterasB.sofastthanC.asfastas5.Johnnydoesn’tsingquite___theotherboysandgirlsinhisclass.A.aswellasB.asgoodlikeC.aswelllikeD.sogoodas6.Yoursisterisn’tso___asusual.Youshouldtakehertoseeadoctor.A.wellB.betterC.badlyD.worse考點三：對形容詞、副詞比較級的考查例3.30,000dollarsisalotofmoney,butit’s_____thanweneed.A.farmoreB.verymuchC.farlessD.verylittle當(dāng)形容詞、副詞前有much,even,alittle,far等副詞修飾，特別是后面有than時，應(yīng)該用形容詞或副詞的比較級形式。同時，還應(yīng)記住由比較級構(gòu)成的兩個特殊句型：“比較級+and+比較級”，表示“越來越……”；“the+比較級，the+比較級”，表示“越……越……”如：Thedaysaregettinglongerandlongerinspring.Themoreweread,themoreweget.[中考鏈接]7.Inourcity,it’s_____inJuly,butitiseven_____inAugust.A.hotter,hottestB.hot,hotC.hotter,hotD.hot,hotter8.─Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap.─The_____,thebetter.I’mshortofmoney,yousee.A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive9.Nowtheairinourhometownis_____thanitwasbefore.Somethingmustbedone.A.muchbetterB.moreworseC.morebetterD.muchworse10.It’ssummernow.It’sgetting___.A.hotterandhotterB.wetterandwetterC.warmerandwarmerD.colderandcolder考點四：對形容詞、副詞最高級的考查例4IthinkYaoMing,thefamousbasketballplayer,willbe_____newstarinNBA.A.hotB.hotterC.hottestD.thehottest在in,of引導(dǎo)的表示“三者或三者以上”的句子中，在who,which等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,且后面有or連接的三個或三個以上的并列成分的句子中，常用形容詞或副詞的最高級。同時，還應(yīng)注意“be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）+范圍”句型，意為“……是最……的之一”，如：LiMingisthetallestoneinourclass.Whichisthemostdifficultsubject,English,mathsorChinese?MissZhaoisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.同時要注意，形容詞最高級前一般要用定冠詞the，而副詞最高級前面的定冠詞the可以省略。[中考鏈接]11.Maryhasthreebrothers.Smithis_____ofthethree.A.mosttallB.thetallestC.tallerD.thetallerA.playB.playsC.playingD.played2.WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawaplane_________overmyhead.A.fliesB.flyingC.flewD.tofly中考實戰(zhàn)演練：1.Wouldyoumind_________mehow_________Englishwords?A.tell;torememberB.telling;rememberC.telling;torememberD.tell;remember2.Hefinished_________thebookyesterdayeveningA.seeingB.watchingC.readingD.looking3.Stop_________somuchnoise!FatherisworkingatthedeskA.tomakeB.makingC.tohearD.hearing4.Atlastthechildstopped_________andlistenedtothemusic.A.tocryB.cryingC.cry5.Itkept_________for3daysA.onrainingB.torainC.rained6.Iamfeelingcold.Wouldyoumind_________thewindow?A.openB.closeC.openingD.closing7.EverydayIspendtwohours_________myhomework.A.finishingtodoB.finishingdoingC.tofinishtodoD.tofinishdoing8.Youmustbeverytired.Whynot_________arest?A.tostoptohaveB.tostophavingC.stoptohaveD.stophaving9.Areyouenjoying_________inNingbo?Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived10.LasttermMaryspentalotoftime_________mewithmylessons.A.helpB.helpsC.tohelpD.helping9．短語辨析puton,putaway,putoff,putup,putupwith…,putout,putdown.turnon,turnoff,turnup,turndown.lookafter,lookfor,lookout,lookoutof…lookup,lookdown,lookover,lookforwardto….pickup,takeoff,getoff,getin,getout(of)…comeout,comeacross,comeupwith(agoodidea),giveuplookafter=takecareof=carefor1.—Whydidyoucomebacksoearly?

—

TheEnglishpartyhasbeen_________tillnextFriday2.He_________apieceofwastepaper,andputitintotherubbishbag.3.Amy,I’llbeonholidayforaweek.Couldyouhelpme______mydog?4.Assoonashe______thebus,thepoormanrealizedhehadlefthiswalletonit.5—Don’t______ourhopes.Thingswillbefinesoon.

—Yes.Weshouldlearntobebravewhenweareindifficulties.6.TheplanefromShanghaitoPariswill________inanhour7.Your

toys

are

scattered

over

the

room.

Please

_______hem_________.10.四“看”，二“聽“，三“讓”四看lookat,watch,notice,see+do/doing二聽—listento,hear+do/doing三讓let+domake+do/donehave+do/done11.區(qū)分四個“花費(fèi)：spend/pay/cost/takesb.Spend錢/時間onsth./(in)doingsth.人pay錢for物pay

money

back

還錢pay

off

one's

money還清錢物cost錢Ittakessb.時間todosth./doingsth.takessb.時間。1.Homework_______mehalfanhoureveryday.2.Thebook________me$20.3.It______mehalfanhourtofindtheboy.4.It______me$20totakethetrain.5.I______$20forherbook.6.I_____$20onthebook.7.It_________mehalfanhourtoclimbupthemountain.8.I_______halfanhourclimbingupthemountain.9.Howmuchdidyou_____fortheticket?10.Howmuchdoesit_____tobuythebook?11.Howlongdoyou______speakingEnglisheveryday?12.Howmuchdidyou_______onthepants?12．區(qū)分todo/doing的搭配。stoptodostopdoingremember/forgettodoremember/forgetdoinggoontodogoondoingtrytodotrydoing13．表示兩者和多者的all,any,none,both,either一、分類識記

都都任一(其中任何一個)都不(一個也不)兩者botheitherneither多者allanynone二、用法說明1.表示否定可說not…either/any，但沒有either/any…not的說法。2.none可指人或物，一般要接表示范圍的of短語，可回答howmany/much；noone只能指人(=nobody)，不能接of短語，可回答who。3.both/all與not連用表示部分否定，意為“并非都”。4.

all單獨使用或后接一個定語從句或前面有物主代詞時，意為everything或theonlything(s)。三、真題實例

1.WeaskedJohnandJerry,but________ofthemcouldofferasatisfactoryexplanation.A.either

B.none

C.both

D.neither

2.IinvitedJoeandLindatodinner,but________ofthemcame.

A.neither

B.either

C.none

D.both

3.—CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I’mafraid________dayispossible.A.either

B.neither

C.some

D.any

4.—Arethetwoanswerscorrect?—No,________correct.

A.nooneis

B.botharenot

C.neitheris

D.eitherisnot

5.—There’scoffeeandtea,youcanhave________.—Thanks.A.either

B.each

C.one

D.it6.—Doyouwantteaorcoffee?—________.Ireallydon’tmind.

A.Both

B.None

C.Either

D.Neither

7.Ihadtobuy________thesebooksbecauseIdidn’tknowwhichonewasthebest.

A.both

B.none

C.neither

D.all

8.Wehadthreesetsofgardentoolsandweseemedtohavenousefor________.

A.none

B.either

C.any

D.each

9.—WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?—________wayasyouplease.

A.Each

B.Every

C.Any

D.Either

10.Mr.Ascot,headmasteroftheschool,refusedtoaccept________ofthethreesuggestionsmadebytheStudents’Union.

A.either

B.neither

C.any

D.none

11.—Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeit________dayyoulike;it’sallthesametome.A.one

B.any

C.another

D.some

12.Theywerealltired,but________ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.

A.any

B.some

C.none

D.neither

13.________ofthemknewabouttheplanbecauseitwaskeptasecret.

A.Each

B.Any

C.Noone

D.None

14．重點句型。Let’sshallwe?Letus…willyou?It’stimetodosth.It’stimeforsth.I’dlike/lovesth.I’dlike/lovetodosth.tooadj./advtodosth.soadj/advthat從句not…enoughadj/advtodosth.What+中心詞為名詞How+形容詞/副詞Such(中心詞為名詞)that從句So…(形容詞/副詞)that從句Sothat…So+助動詞+主語（倒裝表示“也”）Neither/nor+助動詞+主語So+主語+助動詞（不倒裝，表示“的確如此”）Itisadj.ofsb.Todosth.Itisadj.forsb.Todosth.…think／find+it+adj.+todosth.What’swrongwith…What’sthematterwith…bebusywithsth.bebusy(in)doingsth.prefer…to…prefertodoratherthandobefamousfor…befamousas…h(huán)elpsb.(to)dosth.helpsb.Withsth.usedtodobe/getusedtodoingsth.beusedtodobeusedfordoingmuchtoo+adj./advtoomuch+不可數(shù)名詞Itisnouse(good)＋doingsth.做……沒有用take/bringsthwithsb.把……帶上/帶……來Whatdoyouthinkof…?/Howdoyoulike…?你認(rèn)為怎么樣no＋doing“禁止……”“不準(zhǔn)……”not…untilnotonly…butalso…both…andneither…noreither…or15.?？计渌钆銴eepsth\sb+adj(open/closed/clean)\doingmakesth\sb+doadj16.since/for的用法since+時間點for+時間段現(xiàn)在完成時+since+過去Itis+一段時間+since+過去17.主將從現(xiàn)。（主要是針對表將來的條件狀語從句/時間狀語從句）在if

,

as

soon

as

,

when，once等引導(dǎo)的從句中，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，而主句用一般將來時，這就是通常所說的“主將從現(xiàn)”現(xiàn)象。例如：

If

you

don't

catch

the

bus,

you'll

go

there

on

foot.如果你趕不上那趟車，你就要走著去那了。

Once

you

show

any

fear,he

will

attack

you.

只要你顯出怕的樣子，他就會向你進(jìn)攻。練習(xí)單項選擇（中考題）：

1Ifhe__harder,hewillcatchupwithussoon.AstudyBstudiesCwillstudyDstudied

2IwillgoswimmingwithyouifI___freetomorrow.AwillbeBshallbeCamDwas

3Ifyou___achancetostudyinaforeigncountry,justtakeit.

AgettingBhadgotCwillgetDget

4Don’tleaveuntilhe___back.AhavecomeBcomesCwillcomeDcame

5“Shallwehavethevolleyballmatchtomorrow?”“Oh,itwillbeputoffifit____.

AsnowsBissnowingCsnowedDwillsnow

6－Tellhimaboutthenewswhenhe____,John.－Yes,Iwill.

AcomesBwillcomeCwouldDiscoming

7Tomorrowwewillgotothecitypark____itissunny.

AassoonasBwhenCifDas

8Pleasedon’tleaveuntilyourteacher___back.

AwillcomeBcameCcomesDiscoming

9Iwanttoknowifthere___asportsmeetingnextmonth.Ifthey___it,Imustgetreadyforit.Ais,willholdBwillbe,holdCwillbe,willholdDwillhave,hold

10－Mary,whataboutgoingboatingifit___tomorrow.－Goodidea.

AnotrainBwillrainCdoesn’trainDwon’train賓語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)分

eg.

1）

I

will

go

out

tomorrow

if

it

is

fine.2）

I

don't

know

if

the

train

has

arrived.1．—Mike

wants

to

know

if

____

a

picnic

tomorrow.

—Yes.

But

if

it

_______,

we'll

visit

the

museum

instead.

A.

you

have/

will

rain

B.

you

will

have/

will

rain

C.

you

will

have/

rains

D.

will

you

have/

rains

2.

I

don't

know

if

he

______tomorrow.

If

he

________,

I'll

meet

him.

A.

will

come/

comes

B.

comes/

comes

C.

will

come/

will

come

D.

comes/

will

come

3..

I

really

don't

know

if

she

_______

it

when

she

________.A.inds/

arrives

B.

finds/

will

arrive

C.

will

find/

will

arrive

D.

will

find/

arrives4．_______

he'll

come

or

not

isn't

important.

A.

Why

B.

If

C.

Whether

D.

What18.特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”的基本結(jié)構(gòu)有以下三種主要形式：

1、疑問代詞（如what,

who,

whose,

whom等）＋動詞不定式（及物動詞），如：

I

really

don’t

know

what

to

do

.I

haven’t

decided

which

one

to

choose

及物動詞do

與choose與前面的代詞what與which有反射的動賓關(guān)系.2、

疑問副詞（如when,

where,

how,

why等）＋動詞不定式（及物動詞）＋不定式本身的賓語

Would

you

please

tell

me

how

to

do

it

?Do

you

know

where

to

have

our

meeting

?

及物動詞do與have分別有自己的賓語it與our

meeting，而前面的副詞how與where作狀語。

3、

疑問副詞（如when,

where,

how,

why等）＋動詞不定式（不及物動詞）

He

wants

to

know

when

to

set

out.Please

tell

me

how

to

go

there.

set

out

與go

均為不及物動詞，不帶賓語，而前面的副詞when與

how作狀語。

了解了以上這些基本規(guī)律，請做下面的練習(xí)：

1.

He

didn’t

know

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

(將計算機(jī)放在什么地方)

2.

The

pilot

taught

them_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

(如何開飛機(jī))

3.

Don’t

talk

to

him

now.

He

is

thinking

of_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____(在會上講什么

)

4.

Would

you

please

tell

me_____

_____

_____

_____

(什么時候與湯姆見面)

5.

His

problem

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

__(

是如何在短時間內(nèi)算出這道題

)

6.

I

want

to

know_____

_____

_____

_____

_____

____

____(何時何處開這個會議

)19.祈使句and+句子（一般將來時）祈使句or+句子（一般將來時）Takethismedicineandyouwillfeelbetter.Closethewindoworyouwillcatchcold.20反意疑問句中1．表否定意義的詞。反意疑問句的否定詞主要有:no,not,never,nothing,nobody,none,little,few,hardly,seldom等,但有些含有否定前綴的詞卻不在內(nèi),如impossible,impolite,unimportant,unhappy,invisible等2賓語從句否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。動詞think，suppose，imagine，expect等之后的賓語從句的否定意義在前面表達(dá)Idon’tbelievetheywillcomebackontime,__________?Idon’tsupposeyouneedtoworry,___________?Youdon’tthinktheywillcomebackontime,__________?3.注意反意疑問句中的’s/have/has/had.It’safineday,_________?He’sgotmuchworktodo,________?ShehasgonetoShanghai,_________?Wehavelunchattwelveo’clock,________?Hehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforehewenttobed,_________?補(bǔ)充：重要短語1.geton/off(thebus)上/下車getup起床getreadyfor為...作準(zhǔn)備getoneselfdressed自己穿衣服getwell(better)身體好getin進(jìn)入,收集getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.為某人買某物getonwellwithsb/sth.與某人相處很好,...進(jìn)展順利2.haveanaccident出事故haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得很高興haveacoldwetday天氣又冷又濕haveacough咳嗽haveadrink(of)...喝一杯...haveatalk聽報告havelunch吃午飯have...forlunch午飯吃...haveameeting開會havenoidea不知道havearest休息一下3.makeamistake犯錯誤mistakeAforB把A錯認(rèn)為Btakesth.bymistake錯拿某物4.makefriendswith與...交朋友makefaces做鬼臉makeafire生火makeanexcuse找籍口makea...sound發(fā)...音maketea沏茶makeroomfor...為...找出空間makeit如期赴約makeateam組成一個隊eg.Let'smakeithalfpastone.注意:時間前不用介詞at5.turnsth.on/off打開/關(guān)掉...turnsth.up/down把...音量開大/小注意:當(dāng)sth是代詞時,常放中間6.trysth.on試穿(衣、鞋、帽)注意:當(dāng)sth為it或them,常放中間tryout試驗、嘗試tryone'sbesttodosth.盡力干某事=doone'sbesttodosth.7.sendsb.away開除、解雇某人sendforsb.派人去請某人sendup發(fā)射8.hearfromsb收到...的來信hearof聽說9.hurryoff匆匆離去,趕快去hurryup趕快10.getto+名詞get+副詞(不用to)reach+名詞/副詞arrivein/at+大/小地點(后接副詞,不用at/in)eg.gettoShanghai、reachShanghai、arriveinShanghai到達(dá)上海eg.reachhome、gethome、arrivehome到家11.teachsb.English教某人英語teachoneself=learnsth.byoneself自學(xué)12.到...末為止bytheendof+過去時間(用于過去完成時)bytheendof+將來時間(用于一般將來時)attheendof+地點在...盡頭intheend=atlast最后,終于13.hundredsof成百上千thousandsof成千上萬的millionsof成百萬的14.bepleasedtodosth很高興地干某事bepleasedwithsth.為某事而高興15.beusedfor被用來beusedas被當(dāng)作beusedby被...所使用16.sofar到目前為止,用于現(xiàn)在完成時17.onaTuesdaymorning一個星期二的早上onthemorningofJune15th.1998在1998年6月15日早上18.keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直干某事keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事keepondoingsth.持續(xù)不斷地做某事19.muchtoo+形容詞/副詞原級實在太...toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞相當(dāng)多的...eg.It's_______expensive.Ican'tbuyit.There's___________rainthisyear.20.thanksto...由于,多虧thankstoone'shelp=becauseofone'shelp由于某人的幫忙thanksforone'shelp謝謝某人的幫助21.befarawayfrom+aplace/sb遠(yuǎn)離某地22.wearout穿壞、穿舊、用盡常用于被動語態(tài)。sellout售完賣完23.two-monthholiday=twomonths'holiday二個月的假期24.fallasleep入睡(進(jìn)入狀態(tài))gettosleep入睡(還沒睡著)25.stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人干某事eg.Shestopped