翻譯技巧-詞義的選擇與引申

TranslationTechniques(1)SelectionandExtensionStep1DiscussionoftheAssignmentsI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:1.Shewasbornwithasilverspooninhermouth.

2.Wecannotestimatethevalueofmodernsciencetoomuch.3.Beautyisonlyskindeep.4.Abrewer’swifemaydrinkofaton.5.Hehadonefootinthegrave.6.Hewasonlyacockofthedunghill.7.Aburnedchilddreadsthefire.8.Ratsdesertafallinghouse.她生于豪門。對現(xiàn)代科學的價值怎么重視也不過分。/我們一定要重視現(xiàn)代科學的價值。美麗不過是一張皮。近水樓臺先得月。/釀酒人的妻子不愁酒沒酒喝。他已是風燭殘年。他只是井底之蛙。一朝經(jīng)蛇咬，十年怕井繩。樹倒猴孫散。Whatisdomesticating?Whatisfroeignizing?2.Howdoyouunderstandtherelationshipsbetween“freetranslationandliteraltranslation”and“domesticatingandforeignizing”?Howdoyouusetheminyourtranslationpractice?Step2Questionsfordiscussiona.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtopartsofspeeches.

Step2Translationtechniques1A.SelectionofWordMeanings

1.Helikesmakingchemicalexperiments.(v.)他喜歡做化學實驗。3.Likechargesrepeleachother,unlikechargesattract.(adj.)4.IhopeIcanoperatethemachinelikeyoudo.(conj.)

5.Likeenough,theshipwillarriveinport.(ad.)

Step2Translationtechniques1同性電荷相斥，異性電荷相吸。我希望能像你一樣操縱機器。這艘船很可能明天進港。1.Thecountry’sindustryhasdevelopedquicklyinthelastdecade.

2.Todeveloptheinstrument,manyexpertswereinvited.3.Caterpillarsdevelopintobutterflies.Step2Translationtechniques1b.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtothecontext.

過去10年我國工業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛。為了研制這種儀器請了很多專家。毛蟲進化成蝴蝶。4.Heisthelastmantocome.5.Heisthelastmantodoit.6.Heisthelastpersonforsuchajob.7.Heshouldbethelast(man)toblame.8.Heisthelastmantoconsult.9.ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.

Step2Translationtechniques1他是最后來的。他決不會干這種事。他最不配干這工作。怎么也不該怪他。根本不宜與他商量。我怎么也沒料到會在這個地方見到你。1.Powercanbetransmittedoveralongdistance.2.Chinawillnotbethefirsttousenuclearweaponsalthoughconsideredoneofthenuclearpowers.

3.16isthefourpowerof2.(27isthethirdpowerof3.)

4.Whatisthepoweroftheengine?

Step2Translationtechniques1c.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtospeciality.

電力可以遠距離輸送。盡管中國是核大國，但中國決不會首先使用核武器。16是2的4次方。（27是3的3次冪。）這臺電機的功率是多少？1.大風 2.大雪3.大浪 4.大樹5.大樓 6.大霧7.大亨 8.大師9.大面積 10.大掃除11.acrowdofyoungpeople

12.aswarmofbees

strongwind

heavysnow

highwave

talltreehighbuilding

thickfog

bigshotgreatmaster

largeareageneral/thoroughcleaning一群年輕人

一大群蜜蜂

Step2Translationtechniques1d.Selectwordmeaningsaccordingtocollocation.(搭配)

1.Publicopiniondemandsthatsomethingshouldbedonetoendthestrike.

2.ThecarinfrontofmesuddenlystoppedandImissedthegreen.

Step2Translationtechniques1B.ExtensionofWordMeanings

一、抽象詞語具體化眾輿論要求采取措施結束罷工。我前面的那輛車突然停了，我錯過了綠燈。1.Thecharacterofthesepeopleisamixtureofthetigerandtheape.

2.Everyonehasrainandsunshine(rosesandthorns)intheirlife.

Step2Translationtechniques1二、具體詞語抽象化帝國主義者的性格即殘暴，又狡猾。每個人的生活都有甜有苦。1.Duringthefirstpartofhislife,Lincolnwasastorekeeperandpostmaster.

2.Anetworkofhighwayswasbuiltfromcoasttocoast.

3.Jetsareanewdevelopmentinaviation.

4.Theshortestdistancebetweenrawm