脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件

脊桂的解剖和EvauatononlychAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL脊桂的解剖和1概述脊柱是由椎骨、椎間盤和韌帶等結(jié)構(gòu)連接而成的人體中樞支柱作用:支持、活動、緩沖、保護特點:穩(wěn)定性、活動性Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL概述2VertebraeesauricularssacralisEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyLVertebrae3第一節(jié)各部椎骨形態(tài)脊柱由33塊椎骨組成(成人為26塊)。其中:頸椎7塊胸椎12塊腰椎5塊骶椎5(1)塊尾椎4(1)塊Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL第一節(jié)各部椎骨形態(tài)4脊椎的基本結(jié)構(gòu)椎體:承重的部分椎弓:保護脊髓的部分椎弓根、椎板糠突、橫突:肌肉附著上下關(guān)節(jié)突:構(gòu)成推間頭節(jié)Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL脊椎的基本結(jié)構(gòu)5上關(guān)節(jié)突椎上切跡vertebralforamsuperiorarticularp橫突肋凹transversecostalsupenorarticularprocessproecss下關(guān)節(jié)突tenorarticularinferiorcostalfovea下關(guān)節(jié)突推下切跡interorarticul棘突pocs椎弓板spinousprocessarmillaryprocesvertebralnotchvertebralarch棘突圖21胸椎(側(cè)面觀)spinouspressAthoracicvertebra.Lateralaspect圖22腰椎(上面觀)Alumbarvertebra.Superioraspect上關(guān)節(jié)突supenorarticularproc椎弓根上肋凹7superiorcostalfovea乳突vertebralarchmammaryprucevertebralbod椎上切跡上關(guān)節(jié)突vertebralbodyroLes椎下切跡橫突下關(guān)節(jié)突erebralnotchIseprocesstenorarticularpinousprocess圖20胸椎(上面觀)圖23腰椎(側(cè)面觀)Athoracicvertebra.SuperioraspectAlumbarvertebra,LateralaspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL上關(guān)節(jié)突6(1)頸椎特點:棘突分叉且較短橫突有前、后二結(jié)節(jié)和橫突孔關(guān)節(jié)突近水平位椎孔較大呈三角形椎體較小Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL(1)頸椎7椎體鉤vertebralbodyuncusrvertebralbodyanteriortubercle椎弓根后結(jié)節(jié)上關(guān)節(jié)突posteriortubercle下關(guān)節(jié)突上關(guān)節(jié)突nferiorarticularvertebralarchprocess下關(guān)節(jié)突vertebralarchvertebralforamenferiorarticular圖15頸椎(上面觀)Acervicalvertebra.Superioraspectvertebralarch圖16第六頸椎(上面觀)椎體鉤6thcervicalvertebra.Superioraspect椎弓根uncusofvertebralbody上關(guān)節(jié)突橫突孔process椎體鉤penorarticular下關(guān)節(jié)突Inferiorarticul:spinousprokes'eriorarticulartransverseprocess圖17第七頸椎(上面觀)圖18第七頸椎(側(cè)面觀)7thcervicalvertebra.Lateralaspect7thcervicalvertebra.SuperioraspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPalvetonoCreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL椎體鉤8寰椎:呈環(huán)形。分前弓、后馬和左右側(cè)塊。前弓較短,內(nèi)面有關(guān)節(jié)面叫齒突凹。側(cè)塊上面有關(guān)節(jié)凹,下面有關(guān)節(jié)面。上關(guān)節(jié)凹后方有椎動脈溝。后弓長,中點略向后方突起,稱后結(jié)節(jié)。無椎體、棘突和關(guān)節(jié)突。樞椎:椎體上方有齒狀突,與寰椎前弓的后緣形成關(guān)節(jié)Evaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL寰椎:呈環(huán)形。分前弓、后馬和左右側(cè)塊。9前結(jié)節(jié)anteriortubercleanteriorarch前結(jié)節(jié)齒突凹anteriortuberele齒突凹dentalfove橫突孔上關(guān)節(jié)凹superiorarticularinferiorarticularloramevertebralansverseprocess椎動脈溝橫突孔processvertebralforamentransverseforamen后結(jié)節(jié)ertebralaposteriorarch圖11寰椎(上面觀)圖12寰椎(下面觀)Theatlas.SuperioraspectTheatlas.Inferioraspect上關(guān)節(jié)面齒突后關(guān)節(jié)面superiorarticularposteriorarticularsurface前關(guān)節(jié)面anteriorarticularvertebralbodysurface橫突孔一-上關(guān)節(jié)面ansverseforamenTransverseprocessvertebralforamenvertebralarchspinousprocessrtebralbody圖13樞椎(上面觀)sp下關(guān)節(jié)突processTheaxis.Superioraspect圖14樞椎(側(cè)面觀)Theaxis.LateralaspectEvaluauononr.chAsposeslidesforNET4odientPEvaluationonly.CreatedwithAsposeSlidesforNET4.0dientProfilo71Copyright2019-2019AsposePtyL前結(jié)節(jié)10脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件11脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件12脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件13脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件14脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件15脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件16脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件17脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件18脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件19脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件20脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件21脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件22脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件23脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與生理課件24脊柱外科學(xué)解剖與