高中英語(外研版)必修三課件：Module-3-Period-3-Grammar-語法專題課-探究導(dǎo)學(xué)課型

Module3

TheViolenceofNaturePeriod3

Grammar語法專題課過去完成時的被動語態(tài)和間接引語Module3TheViolenceofNatur高中英語(外研版)必修三課件：Module-3-Period-3-Grammar-語法專題課-探究導(dǎo)學(xué)課型Ⅰ.過去完成時的被動語態(tài)【課前熱身】用所給詞的正確形式填空①Bythetimethetornadoended,morethan700people______________(kill).②CoghlantravelledbacktoCanada—afterhe_______________(bury)inTexas.

hadbeenkilledhadbeenburiedⅠ.過去完成時的被動語態(tài)hadbeenkilledha③Shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniture_______________(ruin)bytheflood.④Whenhewokeup,hefoundhishouse_________________(destroy)bythethunderstorm.hadbeenruinedhadbeendestroyed③Shereturnedhomeandfounda【課堂詮解】過去完成時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)由“hadbeen+過去分詞”構(gòu)成,表示在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前發(fā)生的被動的動作,句中常用by,before,until,when等詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語?！菊n堂詮解】過去完成時的被動語態(tài)常用于以下情況:1.主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時,要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。常用于before,bythetime,until,when,after,once,assoonas等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中謂語動詞是一般過去時,以及by,before,until+過去的時間點。過去完成時的被動語態(tài)常用于以下情況:①Bytheendoflastyear,20,000cars__________________.到去年年末,(該廠)已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了兩萬輛轎車。②Theclassroom__________________beforetheteachercame.老師來之前,教室還沒有打掃。hadbeenproducedhadn’tbeencleaned①Bytheendoflastyear,20,③Howmanybuildings__________________whenthehurricaneended?颶風(fēng)結(jié)束時有多少建筑被毀?④Allofthedishes________________tillthen.到那時盤子全部洗完了。hadbeendestroyedhadbeenwashed③Howmanybuildings_________2.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞之后的賓語從句中,若表示過去某一被動動作時,用過去完成時。①Theysaidtheproductioncosts________________.他們說生產(chǎn)成本降低了。②Iwastoldthatthebook____________intheroom.我被告知把那本書落在那個房間里了。hadbeenreducedhadbeenleft2.在told,said,knew,heard,t3.根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的用過去完成時。(用所給詞的正確形式填空)①Asthework_____________(do),hebegantowatchTV.②Thegirldidwhatshe____________(tell)to.hadbeendonehadbeentold3.根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的用過去完成時。hadbeⅡ.間接引語【課前熱身】將下列句子中直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語①Tomsaid,“Iwanttogoshopping.”→Tomsaid(that)__________togoshopping.②Thegirlaskedme,“Canyouhelpme?”→Thegirlaskedme___couldhelp___.

hewantedifIherⅡ.間接引語hewantedifIher③Iaskedtheboy,“Whyareyoulateagain?”→Iaskedtheboy____he____lateagain.④Hesaidtome,“Shutthewindow,please.”→Hetoldme______thewindow.whywastoshut③Iaskedtheboy,“Whyareyou【課堂詮解】直接引述別人的原話,叫做直接引語。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫做間接引語。將直接引語改為間接引語時,人稱、時態(tài)、時間狀語和地點狀語作相應(yīng)的變化。【課堂詮解】1.直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時由連詞that引導(dǎo)。①Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaid______________verymuch.他說他非常喜歡它。②Hesaid,“Youtoldmethisstory.”→Hesaidthat_____________thatstory.他說我給他講過那個故事。thathelikeditIhadtoldhim1.直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時由連詞that引th【名師指津】口語中that可以省略;that從句之前常用say,tell等動詞。2.直接引語是一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時變成if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。①Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”→HeaskedJohn_________hecouldswim.他問約翰是否會游泳。if/whether【名師指津】if/whether②Iaskedhim,“Willyoustayathomeorgotoseeafilmtonight?”→Iaskedhim________hewouldstayathome__gotoseeafilmthatnight.我問他那天晚上他是待在家里還是去看電影。whetheror②Iaskedhim,“Willyoustaya【名師指津】大多數(shù)情況下if和whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時可以互換,但后緊跟ornot時,一般用whether。【名師指津】3.直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛蓋ho,what,when,where,why,how等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(但注意從句須是陳述語序)。①Hesaid,“WhereisMrWang?”→Heasked___________________.他問王先生在哪里。whereMrWangwas3.直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛散贖easked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”→Heaskedhismother_________________it.他問他媽媽是怎么找到它的。howshehadfound②Heasked,“Howdidyoufindi4.直接引語是祈使句,變?yōu)椤爸髡Z+ask/order/tell/beg等+賓語+賓語補足語(動詞不定式)”這一句型。①Theteachersaid,“Listentomecarefully.”→Theteacher____us__listentohercarefully.老師告訴我們認真聽她講。toldto4.直接引語是祈使句,變?yōu)椤爸髡Z+ask/order/t②“Don’ttouchanythinginthelab.”theteachersaidtous.→Theteacher____us_____touchanythinginthelab.老師告訴我們不要動實驗室里的任何東西。toldnotto②“Don’ttouchanythinginthe【巧學(xué)助記】人稱的變化一隨主,二隨賓,第三人稱不更新。即直接引語的第一人稱取決于主句的主語,第二人稱取決于主句的賓語,第三人稱一般不變?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】人稱的變化*Hesaid,“I’mforty.”→Hesaidthathewasforty.(一隨主)*Shesaidtome,“Yourpronunciationisbetterthanmine.”→Shetoldmethatmypronunciationwasbetterthanhers.(二隨賓)*Theysaid,“IseverythingOK?”→TheyaskedifeverythingwasOK.(第三人稱不更新)*Hesaid,“I’mforty.”5.直接引語變間接引語時,如果謂語動詞是過去式,時態(tài)的變化如下:直接引語的時態(tài)間接引語的時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時5.直接引語變間接引語時,如果謂語動詞是過去式,時態(tài)的注意:情態(tài)動詞也作相應(yīng)改變:can→could;may→might;must→must/hadto①Hesaid,“IusuallywatchTVonSunday.”→Hesaidthatheusually________TVonSunday.②Hesaid,“I’musingtheknife.”→Hesaidthathe_________theknife.watchedwasusing注意:情態(tài)動詞也作相應(yīng)改變:can→could;may③Hesaid,“I’llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”→Hetoldusthathe__________usanexaminationthenextMonday.④Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”→Hesaidthat____________tohelpme.⑤Shesaid,“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.”→Shesaidthatshe_____________fromhimsinceMay.wouldgivehehadcomehadnotheard③Hesaid,“I’llgiveyouanex⑥Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”→Hesaidthathe___________hishomeworkbeforesupper.⑦Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”→Hetoldusthathe_____tocollegein1994.hadfinishedwent⑥Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyh⑧Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”→Ourteachertoldusthatlight______fasterthansound.travels⑧Ourteachersaidtous,“Ligh【名師指津】(1)直接引語是客觀事