+Unit+1+Section+A+Grammar+Focus-3c 人教版八年級英語上冊

SectionAUnit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?GF-3cLearningAims1.能掌握以下單詞：most,something,nothing,everyone,myself,yourself,hen,pig,seem,bored,someone,diary.

2.能掌握以下句型：

Wheredidyougoonvacation?

IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougowithanyone?

No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasvacation.

3.掌握一般過去時的定義，時間狀語，謂語結(jié)構(gòu)和句式變化。

4.掌握不定代詞something,nothing,everyone,someone等的用法。Learningobjectives學(xué)習(xí)本課時新單詞、短語及句型：

單詞：something,nothing,everyone,myself,yourself(pl.yourselves),hen,pig,seem,bored,someone,diary;短語：ofcourse;句型：Didyou...?Howwas/were...?語法：①復(fù)合不定代詞的用法；

②一般過去時的疑問句及其回答。Wheredidyougoonvacation?Iwent

to

the

Great

Wall.ReviewLeadinWheredidtheygoonvacation?They

stayedathome.LeadinWheredidtheygoonvacation?They

visited

oldpeople.WarmingupPleasesaythepastformsoftheseverbsquickly.do-diddogoplaytakevisitstayseereadissee-sawgo-wentis-wasvisit-visitedtake-tookplay-playedstay-stayedread-readGrammarFocusWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCityDidyougooutwithanyone?No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood!Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocusSimplePastTense（一般過去時）GrammarFocusSimplePastTense（一般過去時）1.概念：一般過去時表示過去某個時間或某一段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作

或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。2.標(biāo)志詞：yesterday,lastnight/week,in1990,twodaysago等,如：

Hegotupat6:30yesterday.

Ivisitedmygrandparentslastweek.3.一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和often，

always等表示頻度的時間狀語連用。如：Healwayswent

toworkbybuslastyear.Wheredidyou

goonvacation?Wheredidshe

goonvacation?Wheredidthey

goonvacation?Iwentto

the

Great

Wall.She

wentto

New

York

City.They

went

to

summer

camp.在特殊疑問句中，人稱變化，疑問詞不變，都是did，動詞用原型Findtherules？GrammarFocusSimplePastTense（一般過去時）動詞變過去式的規(guī)則類別構(gòu)成方法例詞與發(fā)音讀音規(guī)則

一般情況play-played/ple?d/offer-offered/??f?d/加-ed以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加-edlike-liked/la?kt/hate-hated/?he?t?d/以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞plan-planned/pl?nd/stop-stopped/st?pt/雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加-edcry-cried/kra?d/study-studied/?st?did/以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞變y為i，再加-ed清輔音后讀/t/，濁輔音和元音后讀/d/，/t/和/d/后面讀/id/直加雙改結(jié)構(gòu)一：謂語是be

肯定句:主語﹢was/were…否定句:主語﹢wasn’t/weren’t…疑問句:Was/Were﹢主語…?用法：描述過去發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)以及過去

發(fā)生的事情。一般過去式肯定句:主語+動詞的過去式…否定句:主語+didn’t+動詞原形…疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形…?結(jié)構(gòu)二：謂語是行為動詞

例：過去我總是步行上學(xué)。Ialwayswalkedtoschoolinthepast.GrammarFocus句子類型含be動詞實意動詞肯定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句的肯定回答一般疑問句的否定回答他昨天在家。HaveatryHewasathomeyesterday.Hewasn'tathomeyesterday.Washeathomeyesterday?Yes,hewas.No,hewasnot(wasn't).她上周去了北京。ShewenttoBeijinglastweek.Shedidn'tgotoBeijinglastweek.DidshegotoBeijinglastweek?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn't.be動詞在一般現(xiàn)在時中有am,is,are三種形式，意為“是”，但在一般過去時中有was(單數(shù))和were(復(fù)數(shù)).實意動詞（行為動詞）按照動詞過去時變化規(guī)則進(jìn)行變化，但在一般疑問句中需用助動詞did,后接動詞原形。GrammarFocusWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCityDidyougooutwithanyone?No.Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood!Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocusCompoundIndefinitePronouns復(fù)合不定代詞句子類型含be動詞實意動詞肯定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句的肯定回答一般疑問句的否定回答他昨天在家。HaveatryHewasathomeyesterday.Hewasn'tathomeyesterday.Washeathomeyesterday?Yes,hewas.No,hewasnot(wasn't).她上周去了北京。ShewenttoBeijinglastweek.Shedidn'tgotoBeijinglastweek.DidshegotoBeijinglastweek?Yes,shedid.No,shedidn't.be動詞在一般現(xiàn)在時中有am,is,are三種形式，意為“是”，但在一般過去時中有was(單數(shù))和were(復(fù)數(shù)).實意動詞（行為動詞）按照動詞過去時變化規(guī)則進(jìn)行變化，但在一般疑問句中需用助動詞did,后接動詞原形。GrammarFocus探究語法規(guī)律Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?

Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.No,Iboughtnothing.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes,EverythingwasexcellentWhatdidyoufindout?1.定義：不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。2.構(gòu)成：由some、any、no、every加上-body，-one，-thing

構(gòu)成的不定代詞稱為復(fù)合不定代詞。復(fù)合不定代詞XIAOSHITOUDEBIANHUAsome-any-no-every-onesomeone某人anyone某人/任何人noone沒有人everyone每人bodysomebody某人anybody某人/任何人nobody沒有人everybody每人thingsomething某事物anything某事物/任何事物nothing沒有東西everything每件事wheresomewhere某處anywhere任何地方nowhere無處everywhere到處復(fù)合不定代詞some-

構(gòu)成的符合不定代詞用法1.肯定句Hedidsomethinginterestinglastsummer.Imetsomeonefriendlyinthepark.Somebodyhelpedmewithmybike.2.表示請求、建議，并希望得到對方肯定回答時，可用于疑問句Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?any-

構(gòu)成的符合不定代詞用法1.否定句和疑問句Didyoudoanythingspecial？Isthereanybodyintheroom?Youneedn'ttalktoanyoneifyoudon'twantto.2.用于肯定句，意思為“任何”Anyonecanusetheswimmingpool.Mr.Smithcouldmakeanybodylaugh(大笑).不定代詞+adj./elseXiaoMing,hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.不定代詞必須放在adj.和else前something,someone等：肯定句anything,anyone等：否定句、疑問句Canyoufindanyoneelse?不定代詞做主語，謂語動詞用單三形式Everythingispossible!【Tips】①something可用于疑問句中，表示請求、建議或征求意見的疑問句。*Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想喝點東西嗎?②anything可以用于肯定句,表示“任何事物”。*Justringifyouneedanything.如果需要什么東西,你就按鈴。其他用法1.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Everybodywantstobehappy.Nothinginmylifeismoreimportantthanmyparents.2.形容詞修飾不定代詞時，形容詞要后置Isthereanythingspecialintoday'snews?Wecanlearnsomethingneweveryday.Ireadnothinginteresting.3.adj和動詞不定式修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時，應(yīng)放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。1:adj修飾復(fù)合不定代詞：1):昨天你買了某些特別的東西嗎？Didyoubuyyesterday?2):我假期里遇見了某些有趣的人。Imetonvacation.anythingspecialsomeoneinteresting4.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，視為單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。Something（be）wrongwithmywatch.Well,everyone（want）towin.Nobody（know)whatthefuturewillbelike.iswantsknows反身代詞用于動詞或介詞后作賓語，強(qiáng)調(diào)“某人自己”◆Ican'tmovetheboxbymyself.第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

somebody/someone/something

anybody/anyone/anythingeverybody/everyone/everythingnobody/noone/nothingConclusion:CompoundIndefinitePronounsandSentencePatterns2'一般用于肯定句，以及希望得到肯定回答的一般疑問句。一般用于否定句、一般疑問句或強(qiáng)調(diào)任何之意的肯定句。一般用于肯定句、否定句以及疑問句。一般用于肯定句中表示否定意義。3aFillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anyone,something,anything,everything,nothingLinda:Didyoudo_________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?

Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so__________wasreallyinteresting.Linda:Didyougowith________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?anythingeverythinganyoneAlice:Ofcourse!Ibought_________formyparents,but______for

myself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy________for

yourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee_______Ilike.somethingnothinganythinganything不定代詞：不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫作不定代詞。常見不定代詞如下所示：some一些somebody某人someone某人something某事;某物nothing無物all全體；全部both兩個(都)none沒人或物（指兩個以上）other(s)另一（些）another另外一個；又一個much很多many很多IndefinitePronounsanybody任何人anyone任何人anything任何事物no無nobody無人noone無人neither沒人或物（指兩個當(dāng)中）either任何一個（指兩個當(dāng)中）each每個every每個everybody每人；大家；人人everyone每人everything每一件事物；一切few很少afew一些；幾個little很少alittle一些one一個(人或物)

注意：1.some和any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。some多用于肯定句，any則多用于否定句、疑問句和條件從句。例如：2.

由some,any,no,every

構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時，都作單數(shù)看待，其謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如：

Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.Well,everyonewantstowin.Nobodyknowswhatthefuturewillbelike.ThereissomethingforeveryoneatGreenwoodPark.3.

除noone

以外，其他復(fù)合不定代詞都寫成一個詞。4.

不定代詞若有定語修飾，該定語要置于其后。例如：

Didanyoneseesomethinggoodatthecinema?Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial--Malaysianyellownoodles.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Practiceanything,everything,nothing,everyone,nooneFillintheblanksintheemailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.3bFillintheblanksintheemailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.3bDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo_______interesting?Did________inyourfamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily._________wasgreat.Wefed

somehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas_______muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still_________seemedtobebored.Byefornow.anythingEverythinganyonenothingnoone3cDidyou…EveryoneSomeone(name)NooneEatanythingatarestaurant?Readanythinginteresting?Visitanyoneinyourfamily?Buyanything?Keepadiary?Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.我都學(xué)會了!本課句型Summary2．Targetlanguage：①A：Wheredidyougoonvacatio