組織學與胚胎學PBL課件 第三章 固有結締組織

第三章

固有結締組織Connective

Tissueproper第三章

固有結締組織1重點：疏松結締組織的七種細胞三種纖維和基質的結構重點：疏松結締組織的七種細胞2結締組織的結構結締組織Connectivetissue

細胞Cell細胞間質Extracellularmatrix

纖維Fiber基質Groundsubstance組織液Tissuefluid

結締組織的結構結締組織Connectivetissue細3結締組織的分類Classification固有結締組織Connectivetissueproper血液和淋巴BloodandlymphFluidconnectivetissue骨和軟骨BoneandCartilageSupportingconnectivetissue

結締組織的分類Classification4結締組織的來源

胚胎時期的間充質間充質細胞（mesenchyme)無定形基質AllofCTsoriginatefrommesenchymeembryonicCT結締組織的來源5Themeshworkofembryonicconnectivetissueinthemesodermthatgivesrisetotheconnectivetissueofthebody,bloodvessels,andlymphvessels.Themeshworkofembryonicconn6組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織7

結締組織的功能（Function）

支持，連接，充填，營養(yǎng)，保護，修復和防御的功能結締組織的功能（Function）支8Inaword,CThavefunctionsofconnecting,supporting,protecting,nutrition,defenseandrepairingInaword,CThavefunctions9固有結締組織

Connectivetissueproper疏松結締組織Looseconnectivetissue致密結締組織Denseconnectivetissue脂肪組織Adiposetissue網狀組織Reticulartissue

固有結締組織

Connectivetissueprop10疏松結締組織

LooseconnectivetissueLooselyarrangedfibersandabundantcells疏松結締組織

Looseconnectivetissu11

成纖維細胞Fibroblast,

巨噬細胞Macrophage,

漿細胞Plasmacell,

肥大細胞Mastcell

脂肪細胞Fatcell,

未分化間充質細胞

undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell,

白細胞Leukocytes.

疏松結締組織的細胞Cellsinlooseconnectivetissue

成纖維細胞12組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織13①成纖維細胞fibroblast①成纖維細胞fibroblast14EM:粗面內質網高爾基復合體游離核糖體---function:synthesizefibersandgroundsubstance

EM:15Synthesisofcollagenousfiberinthreesteps:

a.synthesisofprocollagen(RER)→process(Golgi)→procollagen→outofcellb.procollagen→tropocollagen→fibrilc.fibril→collagenousfiber組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織16組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織17*fibrocyte:

stillstateorinactivefibroblast---structure:

spindle-shaped,smallN:small,darkstainedAcidophiliccytoplasmaEM:lessorganelles---function:

becomeintofibroblastforrepairing*fibrocyte:stillstateorina18組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織19②巨噬細胞macrophage

②巨噬細胞macrophage20

EM:

溶酶體吞噬體吞飲小泡殘余體EM:21

功能:

1.趨化性和變形運動2.吞噬作用特異性吞噬作用非特異性吞噬作用

3.參與和調節(jié)免疫反應4.分泌作用

功能:22③漿細胞plasmacell③漿細胞plasmacell23組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織24EM:richinparallellyarrangedRER,freeribosomeandGolgicomplex---function:synthesizeandsecreteimmunoglobulin,Ig-antibodyEM:richinparallellyarrang25④肥大細胞mastcell④肥大細胞mastcell26EMMembraneboundgranulesAfewMitochondriaAlittleREREM27嗜堿性顆粒-----異染性顆粒肝素（heparin）組胺（histamine）嗜酸性粒細胞趨化因子（eosinophilchemotacticfactorsofanaphylaxis,ECF-A）類胰蛋白酶(tryptase)，胃促胰酶(chymase)，糜蛋白酶(chymotrypsin)白三烯（leukotriene）功能：引起過敏反應嗜堿性顆粒-----異染性顆粒28⑤脂肪細胞fatcells(adiposecells)⑤脂肪細胞fatcells(adiposecells)29⑥未分化間充質細胞undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell

⑥未分化間充質細胞30⑦白細胞leukocytes:

中性粒細胞neutrophil,嗜酸性粒細胞eosinophil，嗜堿性粒細胞basophil淋巴細胞lmphocyte單核細胞monocyte⑦白細胞leukocytes:31summaryA.ClassificationofCTB.7typesofcellinLCT1.fibroblast,collagenousfibersynthesis2.macrophage,Macrophage&themononuclearphagocytesystem3.plasma4.mastcell5.fatcell6.undifferentiatedmesenchymalcells7.leukocytesummaryA.ClassificationofCT32Questions:1.Describetheprocessofcollagenfibers’formation2.Whatkindofcellspresentinlooseconnectivetissue?Andwhatarethefunctionsofthosecells?3.Whatis(are)thestructurecell(s)ofconnective?Questions:1.Describetheproc33

纖維fibers

膠原纖維Collagenousfiber

彈性纖維Elasticfiber

網狀纖維Reticularfiber纖維fibers

膠原纖維Collagen34膠原纖維Collagenousfiber(whitefiber)

LM:

直徑1-20umHE染色呈粉色，帶狀膠原纖維Collagenousfiber(whitefi35EM:

膠原原纖維fibrils20-200nmindiameter64nm橫紋膠原蛋白collagen(typeIandIII)→膠原原纖維collagenousfibril→膠原纖維collagenousfiberEM:36*formation:

Extracellularpolymerizecollagen(typeIandIII)collagenousfibrilcollagenousfiber*formation:37

彈性纖維elasticfiber(yellowfiber)

LM:直徑0.2-1.0um特殊染色呈藍紫色或棕褐色EM:彈性蛋白elastin微原纖維microfibril10-12nm

彈性纖維38網狀狀維reticularfiberLM:直徑0.2-1.0um嗜銀纖維ArgyrophilicfiberEM:III型膠原typeIIIcollagen64nm橫紋分布：網狀組織，網狀狀維39組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織40

基質

groundsubstance

蛋白多糖proteoglycan糖蛋白glycoprotein組織液tissuefluid基質41①蛋白多糖proteoglycan-糖胺多糖glycosaminoglycans:硫酸軟骨素chondroitinsulfate硫酸角質素keratinsulfate硫酸皮膚素dermatansulfate硫酸肝素heparinsulfate透明質酸hyaluronicacid:2.5um蛋白protein*分子篩molecularsieve①蛋白多糖proteoglycan-42組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織43②糖蛋白glycoprotein:

纖維粘連蛋白fibronectin細胞cells←fibronectin→膠原纖維collagen↓蛋白多糖proteoglycan---層粘連蛋白laminin---軟骨粘連蛋白chondronectin②糖蛋白44③組織液tissuefluid③組織液tissuefluid45

組織tissue動脈artery→組織液Tissuefluid→靜脈vein，毛細淋巴管→血液bloodsteam脫水dehydration水腫oedema組織學與胚胎學PBLppt課件第三章固有結締組織46

致密結締組織

Denseconnectivetissue---纖維多，細胞少---連接connection---支持supporting規(guī)則致密結締組織DenseregularCT;不規(guī)則致密結締組織Densei