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孤獨(dú)癥顱腦MRI研究進(jìn)展胡冰

副主任醫(yī)師中山大學(xué)附屬第三醫(yī)院放射科廣東省醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)第十六次放射醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金青年工程,工程編號(hào):31100738李詠梅、胡冰、李建英、孟安啟、易莉、梁亞勇、陳碧媛、李冬蘊(yùn)BrainMRIresearchprogress

inautismBingHuMDAssociateChiefPhysician,DepartmentofRadiology,theThirdAffiliatedHospitalofSUNYat-senUniversity前言獲得1989年奧斯卡最正確影片最正確導(dǎo)演最正確原創(chuàng)劇本最正確男主角?雨人?巴里·萊文森1988年執(zhí)導(dǎo)的一部劇情電影。目錄孤獨(dú)癥簡(jiǎn)介相關(guān)學(xué)科研究MRI研究進(jìn)展早期MRI研究00’sMRI研究10’sMRI研究今年MRI研究參考文獻(xiàn)目錄孤獨(dú)癥簡(jiǎn)介相關(guān)學(xué)科研究MRI研究進(jìn)展早期MRI研究00’sMRI研究10’sMRI研究今年MRI研究參考文獻(xiàn)1.孤獨(dú)癥簡(jiǎn)介孤獨(dú)癥是一種神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)失調(diào)導(dǎo)致的發(fā)育障礙早期不能進(jìn)行正常的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)和社交活動(dòng)常做出一些刻板、重復(fù)性和限制性的動(dòng)作Autism一詞源于希臘語(yǔ)「autor」,原意為自我孤獨(dú)癥患者的突出特征-自我興趣孤獨(dú)癥和自閉癥是Autism的兩種譯名男性多于女性孤獨(dú)癥的首次發(fā)現(xiàn)1943年,在約翰霍普金斯醫(yī)院工作的醫(yī)生LeoKanner發(fā)表了第一篇關(guān)于孤獨(dú)癥的論文5歲男孩Donald是第一個(gè)被診斷為孤獨(dú)癥的孩子“每當(dāng)自己一個(gè)人的時(shí)候,總會(huì)感覺(jué)自己很幸福,且不愿意其他人打攪他獨(dú)處〞——LeoKanner[1] KannerL.Autisticdisturbancesofaffectivecontact.ActaPaedopsychiatr,1968,35(4):100-136.診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的演變1973年WHO1980年DSM-III1987年DSM-III-R1989年ICD-101994年DSM-IV2000年DSM-IV-TR2021年DSM-VTheDiagnosticandStatisticalManualofMentalDisorders精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計(jì)手冊(cè)InternationalClassificationofDiseases國(guó)際疾病分類(lèi)DSM-V〔2021〕統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為孤獨(dú)癥譜系障礙〔autisticspectrumdisorders,ASD〕診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):A.在各種情景下持續(xù)存在的社會(huì)交流和社會(huì)交往缺陷,包括在現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去有以下表現(xiàn):〔1〕社會(huì)-情感互動(dòng)缺陷〔2〕用于社會(huì)交往的非言語(yǔ)交流行為缺陷〔3〕建立或維持與其發(fā)育水平相符的人際關(guān)系缺陷DSM-VB.狹隘、重復(fù)的行為方式、興趣或活動(dòng)內(nèi)容,包括在現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去有以下表現(xiàn)的至少兩項(xiàng):〔1〕語(yǔ)言、運(yùn)動(dòng)或物體運(yùn)用刻板或重復(fù)〔2〕過(guò)分堅(jiān)持某些常規(guī)以及言語(yǔ)或非言語(yǔ)行為的儀式,或?qū)Ω淖兊倪^(guò)分抵抗〔3〕高度狹隘、固定的興趣,其在強(qiáng)度和關(guān)注度上是異常的〔4〕對(duì)感覺(jué)刺激反響過(guò)度或反響低下,對(duì)環(huán)境中的感覺(jué)刺激表現(xiàn)出異常的興趣DSM-VC.病癥必須在兒童早期出現(xiàn)D.所有病癥共同限制和損害了日常功能E.這些病癥不能用智力發(fā)育障礙或全面發(fā)育緩慢解釋[1] CoplanJ.Atypicality,intelligence,andage:aconceptualmodelofautisticspectrumdisorder.DevMedChildNeurol,2003,45(10):712-716.[2] CoplanJ,JawadAF.Modelingclinicaloutcomeofchildrenwithautisticspectrumdisorders.Pediatrics,2005,116(1):117-122.[1] CoplanJ.Atypicality,intelligence,andage:aconceptualmodelofautisticspectrumdisorder.DevMedChildNeurol,2003,45(10):712-716.[2] CoplanJ,JawadAF.Modelingclinicaloutcomeofchildrenwithautisticspectrumdisorders.Pediatrics,2005,116(1):117-122.孤獨(dú)癥的診斷沒(méi)有特異性實(shí)驗(yàn)室診斷手段CT、MRI、SPECT、PET、腦電圖、染色體、誘發(fā)電位等檢查有助鑒別診斷根據(jù)典型臨床表現(xiàn)自閉癥診斷不難診斷可根據(jù)DSM-V為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)CHAT、CARS、ABC是國(guó)內(nèi)常用篩查量表ADI-R、ADOS是診斷“金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)〞,新的篩查量表如SRS考慮了譜系障礙的問(wèn)題目錄孤獨(dú)癥簡(jiǎn)介相關(guān)學(xué)科研究MRI研究進(jìn)展早期MRI研究00’sMRI研究10’sMRI研究今年MRI研究參考文獻(xiàn)[1] WakefieldAJ,MurchSH,AnthonyA,etal.Ileal-lymphoid-nodularhyperplasia,non-specificcolitis,andpervasivedevelopmentaldisorderinchildren.Lancet,1998,351(9103):637-641.[1] 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