新概念英語Lesson141-143被動語態(tài)精講課件

被動語態(tài)1被動語態(tài)11.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.

Lucky52iswatchedonTVbymanypeople.Footballareplayedbythem.2.ManypeoplewatchLucky52onTV.3.Theyplayfootball.21.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.語態(tài):表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。英語有兩種語態(tài),即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài):表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者。如：Manystudents

study

English.(主動語態(tài))English

isstudied

bymanystudents.(被動語態(tài))語態(tài)3語態(tài):表示主語和謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系。主動語態(tài):表示主語是動作助動詞be變化規(guī)則:I用am,you用are,is連著she、he、it.單數(shù)is,復數(shù)are.如:Thedeskismadeofwood.Thedesksaremadeofwood.Heisaskedaquestionbytheteacher.被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞不同的時態(tài)有不同的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):4助動詞be變化規(guī)則:I用am,you用are,is連著shebymanystudents.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1.Manystudentsstudy

English.Englishisstudied2.Theymake

shoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.5bymanystudents.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。2.把主動語態(tài)的謂語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的謂語。3.把主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的by

短語。（①

by短語可以省。②by短語后跟代詞的賓格。）bytheteacher.3.Theteacheroftenasks

himquestions.Heisaskedquestions6主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法1.把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主1.找賓語----即動作的承受者They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoes2.判斷賓語的單復數(shù)----即be動詞的單復數(shù).aremade3.判斷動詞的時態(tài)----即be動詞的時態(tài).4.修改謂語的時態(tài)----即原句動詞改為過去分詞

5.修改原句的主語----即by+主語/賓語.

bythem.主變被解題步驟賓變主,主放后,前加by動變被,看清be,結(jié)構(gòu)分別be+pp71.找賓語----即動作的承受者TheymakeTheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.8TheyplayfootballonSunday.肯定句:主語＋be+過去分詞＋(by~)否定句：主語＋benot＋過去分詞＋(by~)一般疑問句：Be＋主語＋過去分詞＋(by~)?特殊疑問句：疑問詞＋be＋主語＋過去分詞＋(by~)被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的,be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be動詞后面的過去分詞不變。bymanystudents.Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.Englishisnotstudied9肯定句:主語＋be+過去分詞＋(by~)1.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．

bythemlastterm.2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+過去分詞lastyear.2.We

plantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedTencomputerswerebought101.TheyboughttencomputerslTheybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.11TheybuiltthetallbuildinglLookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActiveSomeonecleansthewindowseveryweek.Someonecleanedthemlastweek.PassiveThewindowsarecleanedeveryweek.Theywerecleanedlastweek.Peopleofteninvitemetoparties.SomeoneinvitedmetoonelastweekI_____________________________________I_____________________________________amofteninvitedtoparties.wasinvitedtoonelastweek.12LookatthisandthenrewriteLookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassive3.Someonepaintsourourhouseeveryyear.4.Somepeoplepainteditlastyear.5.Peopleoftenovertakehimontheroad.6.Someoneovertakehimaminuteago.Ourhouse____________________________It____________________________________He___________________________________He___________________________________

ispaintedeveryyear.

waspaintedlastyear.

isoftenovertakenontheroad

wasovertakenaminuteago.13LookatthisandthenrewriteLookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassive7.Someonewaterstheflowerseveryday.8.Someonewateredthemyesterday.Theflowers___________________________They_________________________________

arewateredeveryday.

werewateredyesterday.214LookatthisandthenrewriteHowdotheyfeel?Howdidtheyfeel?Rewritethesentencesliketheexample.Someoneembarrassedher.Somethingisworryingme.Somethingexcitedhim.Somethingisamusingthem.She_______________I__________________He________________They______________wasembarrassed.amworried.wasexcited.areamused315Howdotheyfeel?Howdidthe3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):willbe+過去分詞1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomwillclean

theroomtomorrow.TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.163.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):willbe+過去分詞1.TWewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.17Wewillhaveasportsmeeting4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrink

morewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.184.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):can/may/must/s1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.191.Hecantakecareoftheba5.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is/am/are+being＋過去分詞1.Someworkersarepainting

theroomsnow．bysomeworkersnow.Theroomsarebeingpainted2.Heiswatching

TV.TVisbeingwatched

byhim.205.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)is/am/are+6.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has＋been＋過去分詞1.Wehavemade

twentymorekeys．byus.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmade2.Wehavefinished

ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.216.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has＋bee表格:被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/will/begoingtobedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeen

donehadbeen

done22表格:被動態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在6.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(濟南市中考題）

——————anotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.變主動語態(tài)7.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.(青島市中考題）8.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarm（上海市中考題）Theysentupwereplanted

aregrown中考題236.Anotherman-madesatellitLookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.ActivePassivePresentperfectSomeonehascaughtthethief.Thethiefhasbeencaught.Someonehascleanedthewindows.Thewindowshavebeencleaned.FuturewithwillSomeonewillcatchthethiefsoon.Thethiefwillbecaughtsoon.Someonewillcleanthewindows.Thewindowswillbecleaned.A:Hasmywatchbeenrepairedyet?(soon)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Ithasn’tbeenrepairedyet,butitwillberepairedsoon.24LookatthisandthenrewriteLookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.2.A:Havethoselettersbeentypedyet?(thisafternoon)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeentypedyet,buttheywillbetypedthisafternoon.3.A:Hasmyroombeentidiedyet?(attheweekend)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Ithasn’tbeentidiedyet,butitwillbetidiedattheweekend.A:Havethechildrenbeeninvitedtothepartyyet?(nextweek)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeeninvitedyet,buttheywillbeinvitednextweek.25LookatthisandthenrewriteLookatthisandthenrewritethesentencesbelowinthepassive,liketheexample.5.A:HasJohnbeentoldyet?(tomorrow)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Hehasn’tbeentoldyet,buthewillbetoldtomorrow.A:Havethosejobsbeenfinishedyet?(by6o’clock)B:____________________________________________________________________________________No,I’msorry.Theyhaven’tbeenfinishedyet,buttheywillbefinishedby6o’clock.226LookatthisandthenrewriteMydaughterwasinvitedtoachildren'sparty.

我的女兒被邀請到一個兒童聚會。Ihaven’tbeentoldaboutit.沒有人告訴我這件事被動語態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰.It’s/wassaid/believed/reported/+that…It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.

據(jù)報道,這次地震中大約有三百人死亡。

（2）強調(diào)動作的承受者,這時應(yīng)用by短語。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客觀說明時,常采用一種被動語態(tài)句型.27Mydaughterwasinvitedtoac

－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.（以I做主語）－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.（以物book作主語）

－WearetaughtEnglishbyhim.（以人當主語）－Englishistaughttousbyhim.（以物作主語）被動語態(tài)的幾種類型1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫直接賓語,指人的賓語叫間接賓語）常見的接雙賓語的動詞有:to:pass,give,teach,show,bring,handfor:make,buy,draw,sing,get,以“人”當主語時,變法和一般的變法一樣;以“物”當主語時，在保留的間接賓語前必須加to或for.如:1.Hegaveme

abook.

2.Heteachesus

English.28被動語態(tài)的幾種類型1.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態(tài).（指物的賓語叫keep,make三類的動詞常常有賓語補足語,在被動語態(tài)中，賓語補足語位置不變。

We

keep

food

freshinthefridge.

主謂賓賓補－Foodiskeptfreshinthefridge.Isawhimgointotheofficebuilding.

－Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.2.含有賓語補足語的句子的被動語態(tài)29keep,make三類的動詞常常有賓語補足語,在被動Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Mychildistakengoodcareof.Iturnedofftheradio.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme)

3.含有短語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)30Theytakegoodcareofmychil下列這些短語本身即是被動語態(tài)的形式,不需再加－bybecoveredwith…用…覆蓋著

beinterestedin…對…感興趣

besurprisedat…對…感到驚奇

bemadeof（from）用…制造的動詞短語的被動語態(tài)

takecareof－betakencareofcutdown－becutdownlaughat－belaughedatlookafter－belookedafter31下列這些短語本身即是被動語態(tài)的形式,不需再加－by動詞短語的即feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see,notice,這些詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不定式不加to，但變被動句時必須加to.1.Isaw

himplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Weheard

themsingintheclassroom.Theywasheardtosingintheclassroom.4.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)32即feel,hear,listen,have,（1）當主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞時,不能改為被動語態(tài)。Weoftenhelpeachother.

我們常?；ハ鄮椭?。（2）當謂語是表狀態(tài)的及物動詞時（如have,like,takeplace,belongto…）如:

Iliketheseflowers.我喜歡這些花。

Iwillhaveameeting.

不說Ameetingwillbehad.應(yīng)說Ameetingwillbeheld.5.不能用于被動語態(tài)的幾種情況33（1）當主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語是反身代詞和相互代詞時,不能改為把下列句子變成被動語態(tài):Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.2）Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam．3）WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree．Afallentreewasbeingcutup,whenIgotthere.Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Themedicalteamismadeupofbytwo…．Practice34把下列句子變成被動語態(tài):Afallen4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．5)Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool．6)Theyhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear．

TheplaywillbeputonnextSunday．Anewteachingbuildingisbeingbuiltbyworkersinourschool．Therailwayhadbeencompletedbytheendoflastyear．354)We’llputontheplaynextS填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空）

1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改為被動語態(tài)）

Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）

Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgivenbyPractice36填空（完成被動語態(tài)填空）iscleanedwasgi3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）

English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）

English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillpublishthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）

Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillbepublished373.AlotofpeopleinChinaca1.Insomecountries,tea______withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served2.Greatchanges_____inmyhometownsince1980.A.havebeentakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.weretakenplace3.Thenewtypeofcarisgoingto______inthreeyears.A.turnoutB.beturnedoutC.hasturnedoutD.havebeenturnedout4.Thewomanmurderedherfriendand______to______.A.wassentenced,deathB.sentencing,dieC.sentenced,deathD.sentenced,die被動語態(tài)專項練習:選擇填空381.Insomecountries,tea___5.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt6.Areyoustillhere?Youwerehereanhourago.Who________for?A.areyouwaitingB.didyouwaitC.wereyouwaitingD.doyouwait7._____toknowProfessorZhang.A.HesaidB.IsaidC.HeissaidD.Itsays8.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.

－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken395.－Doyouliketheskirt?－9.Theletter_______threedaysagoandit_____yesterday.A.hadpost,hadarrivedB.wasposted,arrivedC.posted,arrivedD.hadbeenposted,wasarrived10.Hetoldmethatthefinalexamination_______nextThursday.A.isgivenB.willbegivenC.wouldhavegivenD.wouldbegiven11.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged12.Plays______twiceamonthinthattheatre.A.putonB.areputonC.wasputonD.oftenputon409.Theletter_______threeda

13.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto14.Astrangesound______yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.hearsC.heardD.isheard15.Abeautifulbike_______himbyhisclassmates.A.senttoB.willsenttoC.wassenttoD.willbesentfor16.MissChen______just______tospeakatthemeeting.A.has…beenaskedB.hasbeen…askedC.Have