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PAGE3HURufu,etal.Researchonvirtualdynamicoptimizationdesign本文只作為論文排版的參考模版，請勿轉(zhuǎn)載，謝謝！JOURNALOFCOALSCIENCE&ENGINEERING本文只作為論文排版的參考模版，請勿轉(zhuǎn)載，謝謝！(CHINA)DOI10.1007/s12404-011-0101-9pp1–5Vol.17No.1Mar.2011Received:26June2010*SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(50375026);theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaReceived:26June2010*SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(50375026);theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(50375028)Tel:86-576-8665140,E-mail:nghrf@163.comHURu-fu1,2,CUIZhong-hua1,CHENXiao-ping1,SUNQing-hong21.SchoolofTransportationandTraffic,NingboUniversityofTechnology,Ningbo315016,China2.DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,SoutheastUniversity,Nanjing210096,China?TheEditorialOfficeofJournalofCoalScienceandEngineering(China)andSpringer-VerlagBerlinAbstractInordertoobtainthedistributionrulesofabutmentpressurearoundthe1151(3)fullymechanizedtop-coalcaving(FMTC)faceofXieqiaoColliery,theKSE-Ⅱ-1typebore-holestressgaugeswereinstalledinthetailentryandheadentrytomeasurethemining-inducedstress.Thedistributionrulesofthefrontandsideabutmentpressureweredemonstrated.Theresultsshowthatdistributionrulesofstressareobviouslydifferentinthevicinityofthefaceandentries.Thepeakvalueofabutmentpressureintheprotectivecoalpillarandfacearelocatedcommonlyinfrontoftheworkingfacealongthestrike,andtheyarelocatedatthestress-decreasedzoneneartheface.Thereisnostresspeakvalueinthelateralcoalmassbesidetheheadentryinfrontofthefaceonthestrike,andthepeakvalueofabutmentpressureappearsattherearareaoftheface.Therearestresspeakvaluesbothintheprotectivecoalpillarandinthelateralcoalmassbesidetheheadentrytothedip.Keywordsfullymechanizedtop-coalcavingface,abutmentpressure,in-situmeasurement4JournalofCoalScience&Engineering(China)IntroductionConventionalproductsdevelopmentrequirestheprocessesofdesigning,trial-manufactureofthephysi-calprototype,test,modification,retrial-manufacture,andsoon.Thiscauseslongtimeconsumingandhighcost.Withtherapiddevelopmentofthecomputertechnologyanditswidenedapplicationtomechanicalengineering,newthought,newconcept,andnewmodeoftheadvancedmanufacturetechnologyemergeinendlessly.Thehightechnology,representedbycomputertechnologyandinformationtechnology,isplayinganimportantroleinthemechanicalmanufacturing.Theproductsdesignanddevelopmentaredevelopingtowardsthedirectionof3Dandsimulation(Xuetal.,2001).Themainadvantagesofusing3Dsoftwaretodesignanddevelopproductsarereal-timejudgeofproductscrafts,productsassembling,andproductsmaking.Because3Ddesigningsoftwarealwaysadoptsthecharacteristic-basedparameterizedmodelingmethods,so,itisveryeasytomodifythestructurecharacteristicsof3Dvirtualparts,leadingtomeetrequirementsofproductsassembling,productsmaking,anddynamiccapability.Byuseofthevirtualassemblingtechnology,wecanobtain3Dvirtualprototype.And,throughsimulationanalysisandinterferenceinspection,wecanmodifyandperfectdesigningschemes.Thevirtualoptimizationdesignofmechanicalstructure,basedoncomputermodelingandthesimulationtechnology,integrateswithcomputergraphics,mechanicalkinetics,finiteelementanalysis,andoptimizationdesign.Itisamultiplesubjectsintegratedsyntheticallytechnology,anditisadigitizedimagemappingofthedesigningtechnologyformechanicalstructuredynamicsunderthecomputerenvironment.Thispaperhasestablishedtheentirethoughtandflowofthedynamicvirtualdesignofmechanicalstructures.TakingtheNCmachinetoolsastheprojectexample,andthemethodofvirtualdynamicoptimizationdesignisanalyzedandimplement.1CharacteristicsofvirtualdynamicoptimizationdesignformechanicalstructureThevirtualdynamicparameterizeddesignofmechanicalstructurecarriesoutunderthevisualcomputerenvironment.Throughestablishing3DcomputermodelinCAD,CAEfiniteelementmodel,andvariousanalysismodelsofkinematicsanddynamicsunderthevisualcomputerenvironment,thesimulationsystembasedonthecompute,whichhasthecertainfunctions,canbeestablished.Then,theparameterizeddesignanddynamicanalysisofthemodelcanbeperformed.Byuseoftheman-machineinteractivevisualenvironmentandaccordingtotheresultofthevirtualdynamicanalysis,designerscancarryouttherevisionofthestructuralflawsortheredesignoftheproduct.Therefore,thevirtualdynamicoptimizeddesigningtechnologyhastheseadvantages(LiuandTai,1995;WangandTai,2001).First,itcantransformmanactivitiesunderCADenvironmentintoinitiativeactivitiesofman-machineintegratedpositiveparticipation,thussetupthedevoteddevelopmentsystem,whichenablesfullytodisplaydesigners’wisdomanddecisionabilitiesinproductsdesign.Second,itisavaluabletechnology,whichsustainsandpromotestheimplementofconcurrentengineering.Becauseitcansimulatetheactualfunctionsofproducts,andhavehighlyvisualscenes,designersandusersofvariousspecializedaspectscanunderstandproductsthroughthegutfeeling.Third,thisoptimizationdesigningmethoddoesnotneedtomakephysicalprototypes.Designerscantest,evaluateandmodifysomecharacteristicsoftheproductsdesign.Inthedesigningprocess,throughanalyzing,appraising,andmodifyingofthevirtualmodel,designerscanensurethatproductshavefineperformance,anditstimeconsumingandcostarereduced.2FlowofvirtualdynamicdesignformechanicalstructureAsisshownintheFig.1,underthe3Dvisualen-vironment,byusingkindsofCADdesigningsoftware(suchasPRO/E,UGII,etc.),designerscanestablish3Dmodelofthemechanicalstructure.ThroughIGESorSTEPfile-transmittedformat,designersinputthegeometrycharacteristicinformationofthesimplerCADmodelintotheCAEsoftware(suchasANSYS,NASTRAN).Then,3DCAEvisualmodelhasbeenestablished,anddesignerscancarryouttheanalysis,includingvibrationanalysis,thermaldeformationanalysis,andsimulationanalysisofkinematicsanddynamics.Then,separatelystoretheCAEmodeldataandanalysisresultdataintotheCAEmodeldatabaseandanalysisresultdatabase,andtheycanbedisplayedbymeansofintuitivegraphsorimages.Thesimulationresultscanbedirectlyusedtoinstructdesignerstocarryoutthestructuraldynamicoptimizationdesignandpredictionofproductsperformance(LiuandTai,1995;Luetal.,2001;WangandTai,2001a,b)Fig.1TheflowtoimplementvirtualoptimizationdesignandanalysisUnderthe3Dvirtualenvironment,throughintuiivevisualgraphsandimages,designerscandirectlyobtainthemodelinformation,modifythefiniteelementmodel,andimprovethemodelingprecision.Atthesametime,underthevisualenvironment,thestructuralsimulationofkinematicsanddynamicsisdisplayeddynamicallyandintuitivelybythemeansofgraphsorimage.Thiscanmakedesignersunderstandtheentirestructureofproducts,thecharacteristicsofparts(suchasthesimulationofstructuremovementandinterferenceinspection),andthestaticordynamicanalysisoftheentirestructureorparts.Especiallyinthestructuraldynamicanalysisandsimulation,designerscanfindandmodifystructureflawspromptly,andensurethatthestructurehasexcellentdynamicperformance.3ExampleanalysisItisanimportantpreconditionofthevirtualdythroughsmalltubeswithqualitativemoleculartaggingvelocimetryanalysis.Master’sThesis,UniversityofUtah.PetersenSJ,2004.Microscalefluidflowcharacteristicsthroughsmalltubeswithqualitativemoleculartaggingvelocimetryanalysis.Doctor’sThesis,UniversityofUtah.(博士論文)論文集LiuJ,TaiYC,1995.MEMSforpressuredistributionstudiesofgaseousflowsinmicrochannels.In:Aninvestigationofmicrostructures,sensors,actuators,machinesandsystemsProcAnnIntlWorkshopMEMS(BuchananBB,GruissemW,JonesRL,eds.).Beijing:AmericanSocietyPress,209-215.參考文獻(xiàn)按人名的首字母A-Z的順序進(jìn)行排列;相同的人,不同的文章,按年份進(jìn)行排序(如果年份也相同,排在前面的年份后加a,依次類推)離現(xiàn)在近的文章排在前面.具體格式如下:LiuJ,TaiYC,1995.MEMSforpressuredistributionstudiesofgaseousflowsinmicrochannels.In:Aninvestigationofmicrostructures,sensors,actuators,machinesandsystemsProcAnnIntlWorkshopMEMS(BuchananBB,GruissemW,JonesRL,eds.).Beijing:AmericanSocietyPress,209-215.LuBS,MaSN,LiuSC,LiangC,XuS,2001.Designfoundationandkeytechniquesofgreen