(1.3)-中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展分析

貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展分析中非AnalysisonthecurrentsituationanddevelopmentofSino-Africantrade前言PREFACEInrecentyears,thedevelopmentofSino-Africanrelationshasattractedtheattentionofmanycountriesintheworld.Africaisbecomingarisingstarintheinternationaltrade.Underthenewsituationofincreasinginterdependenceofinternationaltrade,amoredevelopedChinaparticipatesinthetradewithAfrica,thusmakingthetradebetweenChinaandAfricaplayamoreimportantroleintheglobaleconomy.CONTENTS目錄1非洲簡介IntroductionofAfrica2中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀Sino-Africantradesituation3中非貿(mào)易影響因素FactorsinfluencingSino-Africantrade4中非貿(mào)易前景ProspectsforSino-Africantrade01非洲簡介IntroductionofAfrica非洲簡介

IntroductionofAfricaAfrica,thefullnameofAfricaCalifornia,islocatedinthewesternpartoftheOldWorld,southofEurope,westofAsia,theIndianOceanintheeast,theAtlanticOceaninthewest,straddlingtheequatornorthandsouth.Itcoversanareaofabout30.2millionsquarekilometers(landarea),accountingfor20.4%ofthetotallandareaoftheworld.Itisthesecondcontinentintheworld.AfricaisdividedintoNorthAfricaandsubSaharanAfrica(subSaharanAfricaisdividedintoCentralAfrica,EastAfrica,SouthAfricaandWestAfrica).圖1非洲的地理位置非洲簡介

IntroductionofAfricaStatisticallyuntilNovember6,2020,57countriesofAfrica'spopulationof1285692503people,includingNigeriain195875237rankedthefirst,asAfrica'smostpopulouscountry,Ethiopiawassecondwith106672306people,thethirdto10th,respectivelyis:Egypt,thedemocraticrepublicofCongo,Tanzania,SouthAfrica,Kenya,Uganda,Algeria,andsoon.表1非洲人口排名前二十的國家

Africa'stop20mostpopulouscountries世界排名

worldranking國家

country人口數(shù)量

population增長率

growthrate人口密度（公里2）

populationdensity(km2)7尼日利亞

Nigeria195,875,2372.61%212.0412埃塞俄比亞

Ethiopia106,672,3062.46%97.3814埃及

Egypt99,375,7411.87%99.1316剛果共和國

RepublicofCongo82,643,6243.09%34.724坦桑尼亞

Tanzania59,091,3923.11%62.5225南非

SouthAfrica57,398,4211.20%47.0128肯尼亞

Kenya50,950,8792.52%87.7932烏干達

Uganda44,270,5633.28%183.2834阿爾及利亞

Algeria42,008,0541.67%17.6435蘇丹

Sudan41,511,5262.41%22.0140摩洛哥

Morocco36,191,8051.27%81.0546安哥拉

Angola30,774,2053.32%24.6847莫桑比克

Mozambique30,528,6732.90%38.0949加納

Ghana29,463,6432.18%123.5251馬達加斯加

Madagascar26,262,8102.71%44.653科特迪瓦

Theivorycoast24,905,8432.52%77.2455喀麥隆

Cameroon24,678,2342.60%51.9157尼日爾

Niger22,311,3753.88%17.6159布基納法索

BurkinaFaso19,751,6512.91%72.3661馬拉維

Malawi19,164,7282.91%161.75非洲簡介

IntroductionofAfrica表2非洲各國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展狀況

續(xù)表

非洲簡介

IntroductionofAfricaAfricaisrichinmineralresources,notonlyinvariety,butalsoinlargereserves.Theknownreservesofpetroleum,copper,gold,diamond,bauxite,phosphate,niobiumandcobaltallaccountforalargeproportionintheworld.OilismainlydistributedinNorthAfricaandtheCountriesalongtheAtlanticCoast.Libya,Algeria,EgyptandNigeriaareimportantoilproducersandexportersinAfrica.Itisestimatedtobeabout12%oftheworld'stotalreserves.石英砂Quartzsand鈦鐵礦ilmenite氧化錳Manganeseoxide黃金gold銅礦

copper石油oil圖2非洲主要礦產(chǎn)圖非洲簡介

IntroductionofAfricaCopperismainlydistributedinTheSabahregionofZambiaandZaire.SouthAfricahastheworld'slargestgoldanddiamondreservesandoutput.GoldismainlydistributedinSouthAfrica,Ghana,ZimbabweandZaire,whilediamondismainlydistributedinZaire,SouthAfrica,Botswana,Ghana,Namibiaandotherplaces.Inaddition,therearemanganese,antimony,chromium,vanadium,uranium,platinum,lithium,iron,tin,asbestosandsoon.Forestsmakeupabout21%ofthecontinent.圖3非洲主要礦產(chǎn)與農(nóng)產(chǎn)品分布02中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀Sino-Africantradesituation1.中非進出口情況ThesizeofChina'simportandexporttoAfricaIngeneral,from2010to2020,theimportandexportscalebetweenChinaandAfricashowedagrowingtrend.GrowthofimportandexporttradebetweenChinaandAfrica.中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀

Sino-AfricantradesituationImportsandexportsbetweenChinaandAfricaFrom2010to2020,ChinaandAfrica'simportandexportgrowthrateismostlypositivegrowth.圖4近10年中非貿(mào)易發(fā)展規(guī)模及增長2.中非貿(mào)易地理方向DirectionofSino-AfricanTradeTheChina-AfricatradeTheChina-Africatrade中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀

Sino-Africantradesituation4.35表3

2019年中非進出口數(shù)據(jù)排名前十的國家（億美元）

Top10internationaltradeDataofChinaandAfricain2019(US$100million)非洲國家

countries中非進出口

TotalImportsandexportsbetweenChinaandAfrica對非出口

exporttoAfrica自非進口

importfromAfrica南非

SouthAfrica424.67165.43259.23安哥拉

Angola257.120.56236.54尼日利亞

Nigeria192.75166.2326.52埃及

Egypt132.02122.0110.01阿爾及利亞

Algeria80.8369.4211.41加納

Ghana74.6349.0325.6利比亞

Libya72.5224.5248.01剛果金

TheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo65.0520.7744.29剛果布

RepublicoftheCongo64.854.3560.5肯尼亞

kenya51.7349.93179010國合計

Atotaloften1416.15692.25733.9非洲合計

AtotalofAfrica2068.321128.6939.7210國占比

tencountriesaccountfor68.47%61.34%77.03%IntermsofimportandexportvolumebetweenChinaandAfricancountries,thetoptenAfricancountriesintermsofimportandexportvolumeareSouthAfrica,Angola,Nigeria,Egypt,Algeria,Ghana,Libya,TheDemocraticRepublicofCongo,TheRepublicofCongoandKenya.ThetotalimportandexportvolumebetweenthetencountriesandChinareachedaboutus$141.615billion,accountingfor68.47%ofChina'stotalimportandexportvolumewithAfricancountriesin2019.Comparedwith2018,SouthAfrica,AngolaandNigeriaremainChina'stopthreetradingpartnersinAfricain2019,andonlyfourcountries,includingSouthAfrica,Angola,NigeriaandEgypt,haveseentheirimportandexporttradewithChinaexceed10billionUSdollars.中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀

Sino-Africantradesituation3.中非貿(mào)易結(jié)構CompositionofChina-AfricaTrade圖5

2018年中國對非出口商品結(jié)構DuetothedifferencesbetweenChinaandAfricaintermsofindustrialstructureandresourceendowment,labor-intensiveproductshavebeenAfrica'smainimportsfromChinaformanyyears.Atthesametime,inrecentyears,ChinaandAfricahavecontinuouslystrengthenedcooperationinAfricaninfrastructureconstruction,whichhaspromotedtheincreasingnumberofAfricanimportsofbuildingmaterials,machineryandequipmentfromChina.中非貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀

Sino-Africantradesituation3.中非貿(mào)易結(jié)構TheChina-Africatradestructure圖6

2018年中國從非進口商品結(jié)構DuetothelackofrawmaterialprocessingcapacityinAfrica,Africa‘sexportstoChinaarestilldominatedbyvariousrawmaterials.Inrecentyears,thecentralAfricancustoms,qualityinspectiondepartmentsworktogethertoachieveaSouthAfricanbeef,corn,tobacco,grapes,oranges,Tanzania,aquaticproducts,drycassava,Madagascarspotprawns,tablegrapesinEgypt,namibiabeefimportsofagriculturalproductssuchasquarantineaccess,forChina’sexpandingAfricancharacteristicagriculturalimportshascreatedfavorableconditions.03中非貿(mào)易影響因素FactorsinfluencingSino-Africantrade中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade1.有利影響Positiveeffect（1）China-africaeconomicandtradecooperationhasalonghistory-forexample,ChinahelpedbuildtheTanzania-ZambiaRailwayand

Mombasa–NairobiStandardGaugeRailway-SGRinAfrica,andYuanLongping'shybridricewasplantedinAfrica.ChinahasbeenAfrica'slargesttradingpartnerfor11consecutiveyears,andAfricahasbecomeanemerginginvestmentdestinationforChinesecompanies.In2019,tradebetweenChinaandAfricareached208.7billionUSdollars,20timesthatof2000.中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade1.有利影響Positiveeffect（2）China-africatradeishighlycomplementary--Chinahasthelargestmanufacturingscaleintheworld,anditsproductsmeetthelargedemandofAfrica;Africaisrichinnaturalresourcesandcanholdinter-industrialtradebetweenChinaandAfrica.China'sexportstoAfricaaremainlyconsumergoods,mechanicalandelectricalequipment,meansoftransportandconstructionmaterials.China'simportsfromAfricaaremainlyminerals,agriculturalandforestryrawmaterials,petroleumandotherprimaryproducts.中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade1.有利影響Positiveeffect（3）Centralgovernmentattachesgreatimportancetodevelopingeconomicandtraderelations,thefirstministerialconferencein2000announcedtheestablishmentof"thechina-africapartnership",theBeijingsummitin2006announcedtheestablishmentofchina-africanew-typestrategicpartnership",totheJohannesburgsummitin2015announcedtheestablishmentofchina-africacomprehensivestrategicpartnership",theBeijingsummitin2018,xijinping,chairmanofthetruekisssincereideaandcorrect'viewinthispaper,putforwardtodevelopresponsibilitysharing,win-wincooperation,sharinghappinesstogether,cultureandsecurityandharmoniouscoexistenceofthechina-africanfatecommunity,ItpointsoutthedirectionforthedevelopmentofSino-Africafriendlyrelationsinthenewera.

10majorChina-Africacooperationplans/world/Off_the_Wire/2015-12/04/content_37239161.htm中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade1.有利影響Positiveeffect（4）The2018BeijingSummitandthe7thMinisterialConferenceofFOCACwassuccessfullyheldinSeptember2018.PresidentXiJinpingannouncedeightmajorinitiativesincollaborationwithAfricaforindustrialpromotion,infrastructureconnectivity,tradefacilitation,greendevelopment,capacitybuildinghealthcare,people-to-peopleexchange,andpeaceandsecurity,delineatingtheblueprintforChina-AfricarelationsintheneweraandopeninganambitiouschapterinChina-Africacooperationforthenewera.

EightMajorInitiatives/article/newsrelease/significantnews/201809/20180902789461.shtml中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade2.不利影響Negativeeffect（1）AfricanleadersseethelanguagebarrierandtheculturalbarrierastwoverydifficultproblemsinChina-Africacooperation.First,theyworryaboutthelossofsomesubtlebutextremelyimportantinformationorconceptsintheprocessoftranslation.AsecondworryisthatChineseentrepreneursinAfricaarereluctanttobuildstronglong-termrelationshipsandpreferone-offdeals.Third,someAfricanofficialsbelievethatChinesecompaniesdonotpayenoughattentiontolocalregulationsinAfrica.中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade1.不利影響Negativeeffect（2）AccordingtotheWorldBank,thecurrencyissueisoneofthebiggestobstaclestodevelopmentontheContinent.WhileAfricahasmanycurrencies,manyarethinlytraded,illiquidandvolatileonglobalfinancialmarkets.MostAfricancountrieshavesmallforeignexchangereserves,andthecomplicatedandstrictforeignexchangemanagementgreatlyincreasestheriskthatSino-Africantradecannotcollectforeignexchangetimely.中非貿(mào)易影響因素

FactorsinfluencingChina-Africatrade1.不利影響Negativeeffect（3）ThepoliticalsituationinAfricahasbeenstableonthewhole,buttherearestillmilitaryconflictsinsomeregions,frequentsocialconflictscausedbyelections,decentralizedterroristactivities,andwidespreadpublicsecurityproblemsinAfricancountries.SincetheArabSpring,significantchangeshavetakenplaceinthepoliticalsituationofsomeNorthAfricancountries.Inaddition,terroristactivitiesextendingfromNorthAfricatoSouthAfricaareactiveinCentralandWestAfrica.04中非貿(mào)易前景ProspectsforSino-Africantrade中非貿(mào)易前景

ProspectsforSino-Africatrade1.ChinaandAfricaaregoodfriends,goodpartnersandgoodbrotherssharingthesamedestiny.Inthefaceofmajorchangesintheworldunseeninacentury,weneedtostrengthencooperation.WewillenrichthecomprehensivestrategicandcooperativepartnershipbetweenChinaandAfricaandworkforanevencloserChina-Africacommunitywithasharedfuture.中非貿(mào)易前景

ProspectsforSino-Africatrade2.Wewillstrengthentheplatformforcooperation.WewillcontinuetoenrichandimprovetheFOCACmechanismandenhanceitscohesion,influenceandappeal.Weshouldgivefullplaytotheforum'sroleinplanning,guidingandpromotingpracticalcooperationbetweenChinaandAfrica,injectlastingimpetusintothedevelopmentofChina-Africafriendlyrelations,provideasolidguaranteeforenhancingpoliticalmutualtrustbetweenChinaandAfrica,andprovidesolidemotionalsupportfortheconsolidationofchina-africatraditionalfriendship.中非貿(mào)易前景

ProspectsforSino-Africantrade3.WeneedtoinnovatecooperationmodelsandmakeChina-Africaeconomicandtradecakesbigger.OnthebasisofacceleratingtheimplementationoftheEightMajorInitiatives,wewilldesignandimplementthepracticalcooperationmeasuresoftheChina-AfricaforthecomingperiodandjointlytapthepotentialofChina-Africaeconomicandtradecooperation,bearinginmindthedevelopmentneedsofChinaandAfricaandthecommonaspirationsofbothpeop