2021-2022學(xué)年江蘇省常州市前黃高級(jí)中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版）

2021-2022學(xué)年江蘇省常州市前黃高級(jí)中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中

考試英語試卷

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘總分：150分）

第一部分：聽力（共20小題，每小題L5分，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒

鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whydoesthemanlikehisnewroom?

A.Itisnearhisfriends'flats.

B.Itislargerthantheoldone.

C.Itisclosetotheschool.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Doyoulikeyournewroom?

M:It'snicetohaveenoughspaceforallmythings,soI'mgladImoved.ButImissmyfriendsand

neighbors.Iespeciallymisslivingsoclosetotheschool.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Howmuchwillthemanpayfortwogeneralticketsandtwostudenttickets?

A.$40.B.$20.C.$30.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Howmucharethetickets?

W:They'retendollarseachforthegeneralpublic,butstudentticketsarehalfprice.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

WhatdowelearnaboutJack?

A.Hespoketotheboss.B.Hegaveorderslikeaboss.C.Heworkedthere

asaboss.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:DoyougetalongwellwithJackattheoffice?

M:Heorderedeveryoneaboutasifhewerethebossthere.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatdoesthewomansuggest?

A.Theradiobatteries（電池）havebeenreplaced.

B.Theyshouldgetanewradio.

C.Theydon'treallyneedtolistentotheradio.

【答案】B

【解析】

［原文］M:Wereallyneedtoreplacethebatteriesinthatradio.

W:Whynotthewholeradio?

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?

A.Shecan'taffordanydictionary.

B.Shehasabetterdictionary.

C.Shewillplanforagooddictionary.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:IthinkIshouldbuyabetterdictionary.ButIspenttoomuchmoneyonmynewdress.

M:Youshouldplanfirst.Gooddictionariesdocostalotofmoneynowadays.

第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的

A、B、C

三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你

將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)

間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

6.WhatkindofcolorTVsetwasthemangoingtobuy?

A.Asmallone.B.Abigone.C.Acheapone.

7.WhatkindofcolorTVsetdoesthewomansuggestthemanshouldbuy?

A.Asmallone.B.Abigone.C.Acheapone.

8.Whydoesthewomangivethemansuchasuggestion?

A.Itwouldbeawasteofmoney.

B.Hemighthavetochangeitinafewyears'time.

C.Hissittingroomisnotverybig.

【答案】6.B7.A8.C

【解析】

【原文】M:We'vejustmovedintoahouse.

W:Really?Congratulations!

M:Thankyou,andwewanttobuyanewtelevisionset.

W:Whatkindoftelevisionsetdoyouwanttobuy?

M:AcolorTVset,ofcourse,butI'mnotsureaboutthesize.Maybeweshouldbuyabigone.Ifwe

buyasmallone,wemighthavetochangeitinafewyears*timeforabiggerone.Thatwouldbea

wasteofmoney.What*syouropinion?

W:Inmyopinion,!don'tthinkit'snecessarytobuyaverybigone.

M:Anyreason?

W:Yes.AsIknow,yoursittingroomisn'tverybig.Ifyouputinaverybigtelevision,itwillbebad

foryoureyes,andasmallTVsetcanstillpickupgoodprogrammes.

M:Mm,that'squitesure.I'llthinkaboutit.

W:You'dbettermakeaquickdecisionbecausethepricemaygoupsoon.

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

9.Whichlanguageisbeautifulandpopular,accordingtothespeaker?

A.English.B.French.C.Portuguese（葡萄

牙語）。

10.WhafstrueaboutSpanish?

A.ItispopularinEuropeancountries.

B.ItispopularinCentralAfrica.

C.ItispopularinSouthAmerica.

11.Whatdeterminestheimportanceofalanguage?

A.Thenumberofthepeoplewhospeakthelanguage.

B.Thepowerofthecountrywhosepeoplespeakthelanguage.

C.Thewordsandthestructuresofthelanguage.

【答案】9.B10.C11.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Today,let'stalkaboutcertaincountriesoftheworldandaboutthelanguageswhichthe

peopleofthesecountriesspeak.Firstofall,inwhatcountriesoftheworldisEnglishspoken?

W:EnglishisspokeninBritain,theUnitedSlates,Canada,andAustralia.

M:WhereisSpanishspoken?

W:SpanishisspokeninalltheimportantcountriesofSouthAmericaexceptBraziLWhatlanguage

isspokeninBrazil?

M:PortugueseisspokeninBrazil.

W:WhatlanguageisspokeninFrance,Germany,andRussia?

MlnFrance,thepeoplespeakFrench,inGermanytheyspeakGerman,inRussia,Russian.

W:Theseareallimportantlanguages.Ofcourse,therearealsoItaiian,Japanese,andChinese.English

isperhapsthemostpopularlanguageintheworldtodayandpeopleinschoolseverywherestudy

English.SpanishisalmostequallyspokeneverywherewithoutCentralandSouthAmerica.French

isabeautifulandpopularlanguage.Languageschange,ofcourseandtheirimportancechangeswith

theimportanceofthenationstheyrepresent.Whenanationbecomesmoreimportantandmore

powerful,itslanguagesgrowinimportance.Whenaactionbecomeslesspowerful,itslanguage

naturallydecreasesinimportance.

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

12.Whatistheweatherprobablylikeattheweekend?

A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.

13.Wherewilltheygo?

A.Mountains.B.Desert.C.Seashore.

14.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantotakewithher?

A.Ahat.B.Acat.C.Abat.

【答案】12.A13.C14.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Sue,whatareyourplansfortheweekend?

W:Idonotknowforsure.Iamthinkingofseeingafilm.

M:Oh,no.That'stooboring,sittingtherestillandwatchingforhours.

W:Doyouhaveanygoodsuggestions?

M:Whataboutjoiningusingoingtotheseashore?Wehaveplanneditforquiteawhile.Wecan

havealotoffunthere.Sayswim,surf,playvolleyball,barbecue,enjoythesunshine,etc.Wow,I

can'twaitanylonger.

W:Soundsgreat!Itlookslikeasunnyweekend.ltcouldbefungoingthere.

M:Absolutely.Comeandjoinus.

W:Okay.ShouldIbringanything?

M:Takeyourhatwithyousoyouwon'tgetburnt.

W:Gotit!

聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

15.Whyisthewomanmoving?

A.Tofindanicerplacetolivein.

B.Tolivetogetherwithherparents.

C.Tohaveabetterjobinanewplace.

16.Wheredoherparentslive?

A.Inabigcity.B.Inasmallvillage,C.Inanearby

country.

17.Whydoesn'tthewomantakeherdogwithher?

A.Shecan'ttakecareofit.

B.Herparentsdon'twanthertotakeit.

C.Shethinksthedogmightnotbehappythere.

【答案】15.C16.B17.C

【解析】

［原文］M:Hi,Jenny.IsittrueyouaremovingtoLondon?

W:Yes,itis.

M:Whatmadeyoudecidetodothat?

W:Work,mainly.I'msurePllbeabletofindajobthere.

M:Youareprobablyright.Butwhereareyougoingtolive?

W:IhopeIwillfindaflattosharewithsomebody.That*Ilbecheaper.

M:Yes,that'sagoodidea.Areyoutakingyourdogwithyou?

W:No,Idon'tthinkso.Myparentshaveofferedtotakecareofhim,andIdon'tthinkhe'dbehappy

inthecity.

M:Youareprobablyright.Butaren'tyouafraidofmovingtosuchabigplace,especiallyafterliving

inasmallvillage?

W:Notreally.IthinkI'llenjoymyself.There'ssomuchtodothere.IexpectIwon'tmissthe

countrysidemuchandIcanalwayscomebackandvisit.

M:Well,Ijusthopeyou'llinvitemetostaywhenyougetsettled.

W:OfcourseIwill.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】

18.WhatisthetotalnumberofstudentsatDeepSpringsCollege?

A.17,000.B.24.C.9,000.

19.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheDeepSpringsCollege?

A.Itislocatedinacollegetown.

B.Itslibraryisoftencrowdedwithstudents.

C.Itsschoolbuildingsareold.

20.WhatcanstudentsatDeepSpringsdointheirsparetime?

A.Takeawalkinthedesert.B.WatchTV.C.Gotothecinema.

【答案】18.B19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】DeepSpringsisanAmericancollege.Itisanunusualcollege.Itishighinthewhite

mountainsinCalifornianotinacollegetown.Thecampusisacollectionofoldbuildingswithno

beautifulclassrooms.Theonlycollege-likethingaboutDeepSpringsisitslibrary.Studentscan

boiTOwfromthe17,000books24hoursaday.Thelibraryisnevercrowdedasthereareonly24

excellentboystudentsatthecollege.Andthereareonly5professors.Theseteachersbelieveinthe

ideaofthecollege.Theyarenotwellpaid.Infact,theirsalariesareonlyabout9,000dollarsayear.

Thecollegegivestheteachersandstudentssomethingmoreimportantthanmoney.Thereisno

placelikeDeepSprings.Studentsaretheretolearnandtheycannotrunawayfromproblems

becausethereisnoplacetoescapeto.Atmostcolleges,studentscanclosetheirbooksandgotoa

film.Theycangoouttorestaurantsortoparties,butthestudentsinDeepSpringshavecompletely

differentactivities.Theycantalktoeachotherortotheirteachers.Theymightgooutforawalkin

thedesert.DeepSpringsisfarfromtheworld

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

YourDay,YourWay

Withmorethan200markedtrailsspreadingacrosstwogreatmountains,WhistlerBlackcomb

canproudlyboastthatitisNorthAmerica'slargestskiresort.TheWhistlerBlackcombSnow

Schoolisregardedasoneofthebestskischoolsinthisarea.Ourprogramsofferthebestpossible

opportunitytoimproveskiingandgainconfidence,skiplift（運(yùn)送滑雪者上坡的吊椅）linesand

discoverthewondersofWhistlerBlackcomb.Wehaveprofessionalinstructorsfromaroundthe

worldtohelpyouinyourlanguage,abilityandstyle.Exploreandbookyourprogramonlinenow!

TEENLESSONS

RIDETRIBEPROGRAM

BENEFITS

Hangoutwiththoseofsimilarageandability.

Aluncheon（午餐代用券）inmountainrestaurantsisincluded.

Oneinstructortoeverysixkidsorless.

PRICING

LessonLesson&Lift

RegularSeason

$775$1,055

7+Days

RegularSeasonWithin6Days$820$1,100

HolidaySeason

$825$1,105

7+Days

HolidaySeasonWithin6Days$870$1,150

RegularSeason:Nov23toDec.15

HolidaySeason:Dec.16toJan.14,Feb.12to25,Mar.26toApr.8

Allpricesarequoted（報(bào)價(jià)）inCanadiandollarsandaresubjecttotax.Pricesaresubject

tochange.

TheridetribeprogramusuallystartsonMonday.

Meetat8:45a.m.attheGaribaldiLiftCompanyPatio.Returntothedeck（露天平臺(tái)）of

theCarletonby3:30p.m.

EachSkierisrequiredtowearahelmet（頭盔）.

CANCELLATIONPOLICY

Nofeeoutsideof48hours.

Inside48hours,nofeetotransfertoanotherday.

Inside48hours,$25fbrgrouplessonsand$50forprivatelessonstoberefundedtoa

creditcard.

Medicalreasonsmaybeanexception.

MOREINFORMATION

RistheofficialskirentalbookingengineforWhistlerBlackcomb.Itoffers

slope-sidepick-uplocationsatallthreemountainbases.

Enteryouremailaddressbelowtosignupformessagesfromourresortstogetspecial

offers,resortupdatesandsnowalerts.

Call1-888-403-4727formoreinformation.

21.Youwouldliketotakethefive-dayprogramattheWhistlerBlackcombSnowSchoolon

February18,2019withtwofriendsofyours.Youwanttobuyaliftticketwhiletheydon't.How

muchdoesitcostaltogetherifyoubookonlineinSeptember?

A.$2,605.B.$2,740.C.$2,755.D.$2,890.

22.Ifyoubookthe7-dayprogramattheWhistlerBlackcombSnowSchoolonline,you.

①willreceivebasictraininginskiingonline

②don'tneedtopayfbryourlunchonthemountain

③willspendmorethan40hourslearninghowtoski

?cannotcancelyourlessoninanycase

A.①②B.@@C.③④D.①④

23.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Nobodyisallowedtogoskiingwithoutahelmet.

B.Theskischooloffersaspecialdiscountinsummer.

C.Skierscanpick,uptheirrentedskisatthemountainbases.

D.TheWhistlerBlackcombSnowSchooliswell-knowninNorthAmerica.

【答案】21.D22.B23.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。推薦和介紹了北美地區(qū)公認(rèn)口碑好的滑雪學(xué)校WhistlerBlackcomb

內(nèi)一種名為騎行部落的青少年課程給滑雪愛好者們。通過對(duì)優(yōu)勢、購買價(jià)格、網(wǎng)上訂購和取

消預(yù)定等信息解釋，號(hào)召更多的青少年報(bào)名。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Pricing”標(biāo)價(jià)部分uHolidaySeason:Dec.16toJan.14,Feb.12to25,Mar.

26toApr.8"（假期：12月16日至1月14日，2月12日至25日，3月26日至4月8日。）

可知,February18屬于holidayseason。再者表格中HolidaySeasonWithin6Daysw（六

天內(nèi)的節(jié)假日）中價(jià)格，870*2+1150=2890。故選D項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BENEFITS部分中“Aua/Mer（午餐代用券）inmountainrestaurants

isincluded."（包括山區(qū)餐廳的午餐券。）可知，參加課程午餐免費(fèi)。表格下的“Meetat8:45

a.m.attheGaribaldiLiftCompanyPatio.Returntothedeck（露天平臺(tái)）oftheCarletonby3:30

p.m."（上午8:45在加里波第電梯公司露臺(tái)集合。下午三點(diǎn)半返回到露天平臺(tái)的卡爾頓。）可

知，每天6個(gè)多小時(shí)的課程，七天共多于42個(gè)小時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格下的“EachSkierisrequiredtoweara/超加々（頭盔）.”可知，每個(gè)人都要

戴頭盔。根據(jù)"RerHistheofficialskirentalbookingengineforWhistlerBlackcomb.It

offersslope-sidepick-uplocationsatallthreemountainbases.”,可知滑雪者可以挑選裝備。根

據(jù)第一段"WhistlerBlackcombcanproudlyboastthatitisNorthAmerica'slargestskiresort.”,uj

知WhistlerBlackcomb學(xué)校在北美很有名氣。選項(xiàng)B（滑雪學(xué)校在夏季提供特別折扣）沒有

提及。故選擇B。

B

Thenamesoundsfunnybuttheideaisnojoke:it'sapersonaltoiletcalledthepee-pool,Anders

Wilhelmson,aSwedisharchitect,istheinventorofthepee-pool.

Hebecameinterestedintheideaofsanitation（衛(wèi)生設(shè)施）aftertakingpartinaresearchproject

onthesocialandpoliticaldevelopmentofcities.Oneofthemostcommonproblemshefoundin

developingcountrieswasthelackoftoilets.Hewantedtodosomethingtohelp.Soworkingwith

others,hestartedtheprojectin2005,andthenextyearstartedacompanycalledPeepoolple.

Thetoiletisasingle一usebagmadeofenvironmentallyfriendlyplastics.Theinsideistreated

withurea（尿素），achemicalcommonlyusedasfertilizer.Thehottertheweather,themorequickly

thewasteturnsintowhatisneededbyplants.Thesanitationprocesscanbeassoonasacoupleof

hoursoraslongastwotofourweeks.Youcanjustburyitinapotandgrowwhateveryoulike.

ThecompanyexpectstostartsellingthebagsinAugustinKenyaandBangladesh,butitisjust

beginningproductionandsalesinNairobinow.Fullproductioncouldreachabouthalfamillion

bagsadayandpeoplemaybeabletobuythepee-poolincountriesVietnam,Bangladesh,etc.

TheUnitedNationssaysmorethantwoandahalfbillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothave

goodsanitation.Manyhavenochoicebuttousetheoutdoors,whichisnotonlybadforthe

environment,butalsoharmfultopeople'shealth.Eachyear,poorsanitationleadstothreefifthsof

thosepeoplegettinganinfectiousdiseasewhichonaveragecausesoneoutof1,000patientstodie.

JackSmith,thefounderoftheWorldToiletOrganization,says“Thisisquiteanunacceptable

situationgiventhefactthatwearelivinginthemodernworld.Andstrangely,manyofthemown

televisions,phonesbuthavenotoilet.”

24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthepee-poolfromthepassage?

A.Itcanbeusedoveragain

B.Itssanitationprocessdoesn'tlastlong

C.Itworksbetterinsummerthaninwinter

D.Itshouldbeburiedinapotafterbeingused

25.InwhichplacecanpeoplebuythePee-poolnow?

A.NairobiB.VietnamC.SwedenD.

Bangladesh

26.Thefifthparagraphiswrittenmainlytotellusthat.

A.poorsanitationmaycausemanyproblems

B.manypeopledon'tcarefortheenvironment

C.manypeoplegetillfromusingtheoutdoors

D.quiteanumberofpeoplediedfrompoorsanitation

27.Theunderlinedword“This”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto.

A.theoutdoorsbeingdamaged

B.manyplacesbeingshortoftoilets

C.manypeoplehavingTVsandphones

D.manypeoplegettinganinfectiondisease

【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了環(huán)保廁所“thepee-pool”，它解決了發(fā)展中國

家缺乏廁所的問題，并且可以被利用來種植植物，可謂是一舉兩得。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Thehottertheweather,themorequicklythewasteturnsinto

whatisneededbyplants.（天氣越熱，廢物轉(zhuǎn)化為植物所需物質(zhì)的速度就越快）”可知，氣溫高

時(shí)對(duì)于這種環(huán)保廁所"thepee-poolw是有利的，其轉(zhuǎn)化為植物“養(yǎng)料”的速度較快。因此選

項(xiàng)C"Ilworksbetterinsummerthaninwinter（夏天比冬天好用）”符合基于原文的正確論斷。

故選C項(xiàng)。

【25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容"…butitisjustbeginningproductionandsalesinNairobi

now（……但現(xiàn)在它才剛剛開始在Nairobi生產(chǎn)和銷售）”可知，目前可以在Nairobi買到這種

環(huán)保廁所。故選A項(xiàng)。

【26題詳解】

主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章第五段內(nèi)容“TheUnitedNationssaysmorethantwoandahalf

billionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothavegoodsanitation.Manyhavenochoicebuttousethe

outdoors,whichisnotonlybadfortheenvironment,butalsoharmfultopeople'shealth.Eachyear,

poorsanitationleadstothreefifthsofthosepeoplegettinganinfectiousdiseasewhichonaverage

causesoneoutof1,000patientstodie.（聯(lián)合國表示，全球有超過25億人沒有良好的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施。

許多人別無選擇，只能使用戶外，這不僅對(duì)環(huán)境有害，而且對(duì)人們的健康有害。每年，衛(wèi)生

條件差導(dǎo)致五分之三的人感染傳染病，平均每1000名病人中就有一人死亡）”可知，該段主

要講述了在沒有良好的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施的情況下，選擇戶外（排便）對(duì)于環(huán)境和人體都帶來了危害。

因此選項(xiàng)A“poorsanitationmaycausemanyproblems（惡劣的衛(wèi)生條件可能導(dǎo)致許多問題）”

貼合該段主旨要義，為作者想要通過該段表達(dá)的信息。故選A項(xiàng)。

【27題詳解】

詞義猜測題。結(jié)合前后文語境可知，JackSmith的話應(yīng)是對(duì)前文提到的事實(shí)“TheUnited

Nationssaysmorethantwoandahalfbillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothavegood

sanitation.（聯(lián)合國表示，全球有超過25億人沒有良好的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施進(jìn)行評(píng)論，因此“This”

應(yīng)是指代前文提到的事實(shí)，即，很多地方?jīng)]有良好的衛(wèi)生設(shè)施。故選B項(xiàng)。

C

GivenalltheheateddebatesabouthowAmerica'schildrenshouldbetaught,itmaycomeasa

surprisetolearnthatstudentsspendlessthan15%oftheirtimeinschool.Whilethere'snodoubt

thatschoolisimportant,aseriesofrecentstudiesremindusthatparentsareevenmoreso.Astudy,

forexample,findsthatparentalinvolvement-checkinghomework,attendingschoolmeetingsand

events,discussingschoolactivitiesathome-hasamorepowerfulinfluenceonstudents1academic

performancethananythingabouttheschoolthestudentsattend.Anotherstudy,reportsthatthe

effortputforthbyparentshasabiggerimpactontheirchildren'seducationalachievementthanthe

effortdevotedbyeitherteachersorthestudentsthemselves.Andathirdstudyconcludesthat

schoolswouldhavetoincreasetheirspendingbymorethan$1,000perpupilinordertoachievethe

sameresultsthataregainedwithparentalinvolvement.

Soparentsmatteralot-apointmadeclearbydecadesofresearchshowingthatamajorpartof

theacademicadvantageheldbychildrenfromwealthyfamiliescomesfromthe''concerted

cultivation（協(xié)作培養(yǎng)）ofchildren^^ascomparedtothemorelaissezfhire（散養(yǎng)的）styleof

parentingcommoninworking--classfamilies.Butthisresearchalsorevealssomethingelsethat

parents,ofallbackgrounds,don'tneedtobuyexpensiveeducationaltoysordigitaldevicesfortheir

kidsinordertogivethemanedge.Theydon'tneedtodrivetheiroffspringtoenrichmentclassesor

test-prepcourses.Whattheyneedtodowiththeirchildrenismuchsimplertalk,

Butnotjustanytalk.Althoughwell-knownresearchbypsychologistsBettyHartandTodd

Risleyhasshownthatprofessionalparentstalkmoretotheirchildrenthanless-affluent（不富有

的）parents-alotmore,resultingina30million“wordgap“bythetimechildrenreachage

three-morerecentresearchesareraisingoursenseofexactlywhatkindsoftalksathomecontributed

tochildren'ssuccessatschool.Forexample,astudyconductedbyresearchersattheUCLASchool

ofPublicHealthandpublishedinthejournalPediatricsfoundthattwowayadult-child

conversationsweresixtimesaseffectiveinpromotinglanguagedevelopmentasintervals（間歇）in

whichtheadultdidallthetalking.Engaginginthismutualback-and-forthgiveschildrenachance

totryoutlanguageforthemselves,andalsogivesthemthesensethattheirthoughtsandopinions

matter.Astheygrowolder,thisfeelinghelpsmiddle-andupper-classkidsdevelopintoconfident

supportersfortheirowninterests,whileworking-classstudentstendtoavoidaskingforhelpor

arguingtheirowncasewithteachers,accordingtoaresearchpresentedatAmericanSociological

Associationconferenceearlierthisyear.

Thecontentofparents'conversationswithkidsmatters,too.Childrenwhoheartalkabout

countingandnumbersathomestartschoolwithmuchmoreextensivemathematicalknowledge,

whichpredictsfutureachievementinthesubject.PsychologistSusanLevine,wholedthestudyon

numberwords,hasalsofoundthattheamountoftalkyoungchildrenhearaboutthespatial

propertiesofthephysicalworld-howbigorsmallorroundorsharpobjectsare-predictskids'

problem-solvingabilitiesastheypreparetoenterkindergarten

Whiletheconversationsparentshavewiththeirchildrenchangeaskidsgrowolder,theeffect

oftheseexchangesonacademicachievementremainsstrong.Andagain,thewaymothersand

fatherstalktotheirmiddle-schoolstudentsmakesadifference.ResearchbyNancyHill,aprofessor

atHarvardUniversity'sGraduateSchoolofEducation,findsthatparentsplayanimportantrolein

whatHillcalls"academicsocialization^-settingexpectationsandmakingconnectionsbetween

currentbehaviorandfuturegoals（goingtocollege,gettingagoodjob）.Engaginginthesesortsof

conversations,Hillreports,hasagreaterimpactoneducationalaccomplishmentthanvolunteering

atachild'sschoolorgoingtoPTAmeetings,oreventakingchildrentolibrariesandmuseums.

Whenitcomestopromotingstudents'success,itseems,it'snotsomuchwhatparentsdoaswhat

theysay.

28.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat.

A.TeachingmethodsarevitaltostudentsintheUSA

B.schoolingisnecessaryforAmericanstudents

C.parentsaffecttheirchildren'sachievementgreatly

D.schoolshavepaidmoremoneytogetthesameresultsasparentalinvolvement

29.FromthesecondparagraphwecanknowthatintheUSA.

A.childrenfromrichfamiliesmayhavemoreacademicadvantages

B.working-classparentstendtotalktotheirchildrenmore

C.wealthyfamiliestendtoadoptlaissez-fairestyleofparenting

D.parentshavemanywaystogivetheirchildrenanadvantage

30.Whatisthemosteffectivetalkbetweenparentsandchildreninimprovinglanguage

development?

A.Professionalparents,talk.

B.Two-wayconversation.

C.Adultstalkingallthetime.

D.Childrenspeakingasinterludes.

31.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.It'snecessaryforchildrentofollowtheexampleoftheirchildren.

B.Childrenshouldbeactiveintheireducationalaccomplishment.

C.Parentsshouldoftencommunicatewiththeteachersoftheirchildren.

D.Parents,influencestayswithchildrenforalongtime.

【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了父母教育的重要性。并用很多研究結(jié)論來證明父母

教育比學(xué)校教育更重要。

【28題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Whilethere'snodoubtthatschoolisimportant,aseriesofrecent

studiesremindusthatparentsareevenmoreso.（毫無疑問，學(xué)校很重要，但最近的一系列研究

提醒我們，父母更重要。）”及本段內(nèi)容可知，第一段主要介紹了父母對(duì)孩子的成就影響很

大。故選C。

【29題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Soparentsmatteralot-apointmadeclearbydecadesofresearch

showingthatamajorpartoftheacademicadvantageheldbychildrenfromwealthyfamiliescomes

fromtheuconcertedcultivation（協(xié)作培養(yǎng)）ofchildren“ascomparedtothemorelaissezfaire（散

養(yǎng)的）styleofparentingcommoninworking--classfamilies.（因此，父母很重要幾十年的

研究表明，富裕家庭的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)上的優(yōu)勢主要來自于“對(duì)孩子的協(xié)同培養(yǎng)”，而不是工人

階級(jí)家庭中普遍存在的更加放任的教育方式。）”可知，來自富裕家庭的孩子可能有更多的

學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)勢。故選A。

【30題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Forexample,astudyconductedbyresearchersattheUCLA

SchoolofPublicHealthandpublishedinthejournalPediatricsfoundthattwowayadult-child

conversationsweresixtimesaseffectiveinpromotinglanguagedevelopmentasintervalsinwhich

theadultdidallthetalking.（例如，加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的研究人員在《兒科學(xué)》

雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，成人與兒童之間的雙向?qū)υ捲诖龠M(jìn)語言發(fā)展方面的效果是成人

說話的間隔時(shí)間的6倍。）”可知，父母和孩子之間最有效的交流方式是雙向?qū)υ?。故選B。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whiletheconversationsparentshavewiththeirchildren

changeaskidsgrowolder,theeffectoftheseexchangesonacademicachievementremainsstrong.

Andagain,thewaymothersandfatherstalktotheirmiddle-schoolstudentsmakesadifference.

ResearchbyNancyHill,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity'sGraduateSchoolofEducation,finds

thatparentsplayanimportantroleinwhatHillcallsHacademicsocialization^-settingexpectations

andmakingconnectionsbetweencurrentbehaviorandfuturegoals（goingtocollege,gettingagood

job）.（雖然隨著孩子長大，父母與孩子之間的對(duì)話也會(huì)改變，但這些交流對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)成就的影響

仍然很大。再說一次，父母與中學(xué)生交談的方式也會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。哈佛大學(xué)教育研究生院教授

南希?希爾的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，父母在希爾所謂的“學(xué)術(shù)社會(huì)化”中扮演著重要角色一一設(shè)定期

望，將當(dāng)前行為與未來目標(biāo)（上大學(xué)、找一份好工作）聯(lián)系起來。）”可推斷，父母對(duì)孩子的影

響會(huì)持續(xù)很長一段時(shí)間。故選D。

D

Sam,IsaytomyselfasIstartacrossthebridge,youmuststopthesethoughtsandstartthinking

aboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon,Frightful.

Life,myfriendBandooncesaid,ismeetingproblemsandsolvingthemwhetheryouarean

amoebaoraspacetraveller.Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyself

withmeat.Fish,nuts,andvegetablesaregoodandnecessary,buttheydon'tprovideenoughfuelfor

thehardphysicalworkwedo.Althoughwehavevenisonnow,Ican'talwayscountongettingit.So

farthisyear,ourvenisonhas