人教版八年級英語下冊 （I'll help to clean up the city parks）SectionA 習(xí)題課件(第2課時(shí))

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA(第2課時(shí))

Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意及漢語提示寫出相應(yīng)的單詞和短語1.MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveup______(幾個(gè))hourseachweektohelpothers.

several2.Igetsucha______(強(qiáng)烈的)______(感覺)of__________(滿足)whenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookof___(高興)ontheir_______(主人)faces.3.Lastyear,shedecidedto______(參加……選拔)foravolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.

strongfeelingsatisfactionjoyowners’tryout4.Forexample,wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalor_____(募集)moneyforhomelesspeople.5.Iwanttotravel_____(單獨(dú)).

raisealoneⅡ.將下列句子補(bǔ)充完整1.馬里奧喜愛動(dòng)物,想成為一名獸醫(yī)。Mariolovesanimalsandwants____ananimaldoctor.2.但是我想學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于如何照顧動(dòng)物的知識。ButIwanttolearnmoreabout______careforanimals.

tobehowto3.她仍舊每周一次去那里工作,幫助孩子學(xué)習(xí)讀書。Shestillworksthereonceaweek______kidslearn______.4.你可以請求醫(yī)院讓你看望孩子,讓他們高興起來。Youcould___hospitals_____youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.

tohelptoreadasktolet考點(diǎn)1ownern.物主;主人*IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.每當(dāng)我看到那些動(dòng)物們好起來,還有它們主人臉上喜悅的表情,一種強(qiáng)烈的滿足感便油然而生。*Sometimeshehadtodotheworkonhisowntime.有時(shí)候他必須在非工作時(shí)間里工作。*MrSmithownsalargefarminSeattle.史密斯先生在西雅圖擁有一個(gè)大農(nóng)場。【自主歸納】(1)owner為可數(shù)名詞,意為“物主;主人”。(2)owner的動(dòng)詞為own,意為“擁有”。own也可作為形容詞,意為“自己的”,一般用于形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格之后加強(qiáng)語氣。【即學(xué)活用】①The______(own)oftheshopcameuptoseewhatwasthematter.②他多么想擁有自己的農(nóng)場呀!Howhewants______his____farm!③我爸爸正在攢錢來買一輛自己的小汽車。Myfatherissavingmoneytobuy_______car.

ownertoownownhisown考點(diǎn)2

raisev.

募集;征集*Wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.我們可以制訂計(jì)劃去看望生病住院的孩子們或者為無家可歸的人籌錢。*They’dliketohaveaschoolconcerttoraisemoneyforcharity.他們想開個(gè)學(xué)校音樂會為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)募捐。【自主歸納】raise作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“募集;征集”。raisemoneyfor意為“為……籌錢”?！就卣寡由臁縭aise的其他意思【即學(xué)活用】①(2015·萊蕪中考)Ifyouneedtogototherestroominclass,please______yourhand.A.raise

B.rise

C.shake

D.wash【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。raise舉起,及物動(dòng)詞;rise舉起,不及物動(dòng)詞;shake握手,搖動(dòng);wash洗。句意:如果上課時(shí)你想去洗手間,請舉手?？瞻滋幰鉃椤芭e起”。故選A。②(2016·深圳中考)—Howdidyourclassraisemoneyforthepooroldmaninhospital?—WeorganizedabookfairontheplaygroundandsoldsomebooksandCDs.A.collect B.putup C.spend【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。collect收集,籌集;putup舉起,張貼,懸掛;spend花費(fèi)。句意:—你的同學(xué)們怎樣為醫(yī)院里那個(gè)貧窮的老人籌款的?—我們在操場上組織了一個(gè)書籍展覽并且出售一些書和光盤。raise是動(dòng)詞,意為“籌集,募捐”;raisemoney和collectmoney都可表示“籌款”。故選A?！緜溥x要點(diǎn)】考點(diǎn)1

attheageof在……歲時(shí)*Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.她在四歲的時(shí)候就能獨(dú)立閱讀。*Thegirlcouldplaythepianowellattheageoffive.=Thegirlcouldplaythepianowellwhenshewasfive.那個(gè)女孩五歲的時(shí)候就能把鋼琴彈得很好?！咀灾鳉w納】(1)“attheageof+基數(shù)詞”意為“在……歲時(shí)”,相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。(2)attheageof+基數(shù)詞=atage+基數(shù)詞。【即學(xué)活用】①M(fèi)ygrandfatherstartedtoworkwhenhewassixteen.(改為同義句)Mygrandfatherstartedtowork__________sixteen.②他27歲時(shí)成了一名醫(yī)生。Hebecameadoctor__________27.

attheageofattheageof考點(diǎn)2severalpron.幾個(gè);數(shù)個(gè);一些*MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.河畔中學(xué)的馬里奧格林和瑪麗布朗每周都騰出幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間來幫助他人。*Sheinvitedseveralofherfriendstowatchtheshow.她邀請了她的幾個(gè)朋友去看表演。*—DoyouhaveanybooksaboutChinesehistory?你有關(guān)于中國歷史的書嗎?—Yes,Ihaveseveral.是的,我有幾本?！咀灾鳉w納】

several的兩種詞性(1)several作形容詞,意為“幾個(gè)的”,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);(2)several作代詞,意為“幾個(gè);數(shù)個(gè);一些”,既可指代人,也可指代物?！炯磳W(xué)活用】①他已經(jīng)交了幾個(gè)好朋友。Hehasmade______goodfriends.②你可以從中選擇一個(gè)或者幾個(gè)。Youcanchooseoneor________them.severalseveralof一、動(dòng)詞不定式【新知導(dǎo)引】根據(jù)要求補(bǔ)全下列句子,體會句中不定式的用法。①Ihope_______(work)outside.②It’sdifficultforus_______(climb)thistallmountain.③Theirjobis______(give)goodservicetothecustomers.

toworktoclimbtogive④Wefounditeasy____________(understand)eachother.⑤ThedoctortoldMrBush______(give)upsmoking.⑥Theteacheraskedthekidsnot_______(make)anynoiseinclass.tounderstandtogivetomake⑦Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospital_______(cheer)themup.⑧Theydon’tknowwhere______(look)fortheirlostdog.

tocheertolook【知識詳解】【溫馨提示】(1)動(dòng)詞不定式(或短語)作主語或賓語時(shí),常用it作形式主語或形式賓語,而動(dòng)詞不定式(或短語)放于后面。(2)不定式作定語時(shí),若動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞,則須有相應(yīng)的介詞。例如:Hehasnochairtositon.他沒有椅子坐?！就卣寡由臁縿?dòng)詞不定式的其他用法1.動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式的一般形式所表示的動(dòng)作,通常與謂語的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))同時(shí)(或幾乎同時(shí))發(fā)生,或是在它之后發(fā)生。*Isawhimgoout.我看見他出去了。(2)如果謂語表示的動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí),不定式表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí)不定式就要用進(jìn)行式。*Hepretendedtobereadingabookwhenshewentin.她進(jìn)去的時(shí)候他裝作正在看書。(3)如果不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前,就要用完成式。*I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對不起讓你久等了。2.動(dòng)詞不定式的語態(tài)當(dāng)不定式邏輯上的主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。*Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.他請求被派往農(nóng)村工作。3.不定式符號to的保留問題有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù),可以用to來代替前面的不定式,這種情況常出現(xiàn)在下列動(dòng)詞后:expect,prefer,care,mean,forget,want,wish,hope,try以及beglad/happy等。如果在省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be,have,havebeen,這些詞要保留。*—Ididn’ttellhimthenews.我沒有告訴他那個(gè)消息?！狾h,yououghttohave.噢,你本應(yīng)告訴他的?！炯磳W(xué)活用】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.MissGreenwanted_______(keep)thesecrettoherselfforever.2.Iwillusetheprizemoney______(pay)formyeducation.tokeeptopay3.Aftermuchthought,hedecided_________(notbuy)thecar.4.Weneedsomevolunteers_______(clean)upthecitypark.5.DidMrBrownadviseyouwhat_____(do)next?

nottobuytocleantodo二、短語動(dòng)詞【新知導(dǎo)引】根據(jù)要求補(bǔ)全下列句子,并體會短語動(dòng)詞的用法。①我們應(yīng)當(dāng)聽他們說,關(guān)心他們。Weshould_______themand_______them.②米歇爾盡最大努力讓他們高興起來。Michaeldidhisbestto_____________.

listentocareforcheerthemup③我把我的自行車捐贈給了一家兒童之家。I_________mybiketoachildren’shome.④他們的房子和我們的一樣,但我們的更大一些。Theirhouse__________ours,butoursisbigger.⑤一些老年人不盼望過春節(jié)。Someoldpeopledon’t______________celebratingtheSpringFestival.

gaveawayissimilartolookforwardto【知識詳解】1.概念短語動(dòng)詞是指英語中有些動(dòng)詞和其他詞類一起連用,構(gòu)成一個(gè)固定詞組,可看成一個(gè)整體,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單獨(dú)的動(dòng)詞,這種組合稱之為短語動(dòng)詞。2.分類及用法(1)“動(dòng)詞+介詞”(相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞):常見的有:lookat(看……);lookfor(尋找);lookafter(照顧);dependon(依靠);askfor(請求;詢問);agreewith(同意)等。這種類型的短語后接賓語,且賓語無論是何種形式,一律放在介詞后面。(2)“動(dòng)詞+副詞”:①常見的相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的這類短語后跟賓語。賓語若為名詞,則名詞常放于短語后面,也可放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間;若賓語為代詞,則只能放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間。②常見的相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞的這類短語有:getup(起床);lookout(當(dāng)心,小心);runaway(逃跑);holdon(稍等;別掛斷);getdown(下來)等。這類短語后不跟賓語。(3)“動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”(相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞):常見的這類短語動(dòng)詞有:lookforwardto(盼望);catchupwith(趕上);comeupto(走近);goonwith(繼續(xù));runoutof(用光;耗盡);lookdownupon(瞧不起)等。這類短語后跟賓語,且賓語必須放在介詞后。(4)“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”(相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞):常見的這類短語有:takecareof(照顧);payattentionto(注意);takepartin(參加);makeuseof(利用);takenoticeof(注意)等。這類短語后跟賓語,賓語放在介詞后。(5)“系動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞”:常見的這類短語有:besimilarto(與……相像);bestrictin/with(在……方面嚴(yán)格/對……嚴(yán)格);befamiliarwith(熟悉);bedifferentfrom(與……不同);befullof(裝滿)等。這類短語要跟賓語,賓語放在介詞后?！炯磳W(xué)活用】1.(2015·鄂州中考)—Ihopetobeavolunteeronweekends.—Youcouldhelpto______thecityparks.A.cheerup

B.makeup

C.takeup

D.cleanup【解析】選D?？疾槎陶Z動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:——在周末我希望成為一名志愿者?！憧梢詭兔Υ驋叱鞘泄珗@。cheerup意為“使振奮”;makeup意為“編造”;takeup意為“占據(jù)”;cleanup意為“打掃”;故選D。2.Thestoryissoboring.Noone______it.A.isfamousfor B.isdifferentfromC.isinterestedin D.isbadfor【解析】選C?？疾槎陶Z辨析。befamousfor以……而出名;bedifferentfrom和……不同;beinterestedin對……感興趣;bebadfor對……不利。根據(jù)句意“這個(gè)故事是如此無聊。沒有人對它感興趣?！笨梢耘袛嘤胕sinterestedin。故選C。3.Mum,Iwanttoeatthewatermelon.Canyou______forme?A.cutupit B.cutitupC.cutdownit D.cutitdown【解析】選B?？疾槎陶Z動(dòng)詞的辨析及用法。cutup切碎;cutdown砍倒。根據(jù)句意“媽媽,我想吃西瓜。你能為我把它切開嗎?”可以判斷用cutup。而cutup為“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞,代詞作賓語時(shí)必須放在中間。故選B。4.(2015·涼山中考)—It’stoonoisyoutside.Ican’tfallasleep.—NeithercanI.Wehaveto______newwaystosolvetheproblem.A.comeupwith B.endupwithC.makeupwith D.catchupwith【解析】選A?？疾槎陶Z辨析。comeupwith想出(辦法);endupwith結(jié)束;makeupwith與……和解;catchupwith趕上。根據(jù)句意,故選A。5.(2015·十堰中考)______thesepastthreeyears,Iremembermanythings.A.Lookingupto B.LookingoutC.Lookingbackat D.Lookingafter【解析】選C?？疾槎陶Z辨析。lookupto仰慕;lookout小心,注意;lookbackat回憶,回顧;lookafter照顧。結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)選C。Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionB(第1課時(shí))

根據(jù)句意及漢語提示寫出相應(yīng)的單詞和短語1.I________(修理)it.2.I_____it___(修理).3.I_________(像)mymother.

repairedfixeduptakeafter4.I_________(捐贈)mybiketoachildren’shome.5.Jimfixesup_______(壞的)bicycleparts,like______(輪子).6.Jimmyhas_________(用光)money.

gaveawaybrokenwheelsrunoutof考點(diǎn)1

fixup修理;裝飾*Ifixeditup.我把它修理好了。*Couldyoupleasefixupmywatch?Itdoesn’twork.你可以修理一下我的手表嗎?它不走了?！咀灾鳉w納】

fixup意為“修理;裝飾”,是由“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞,名詞作賓語可放在短語中間或短語后面。代詞作賓語時(shí)應(yīng)置于fix與up之間?！久畋娈愅?/p>

fix,mend與repair的不同fix意為“修理;安裝”mend意為“修理;修補(bǔ)”,一般指對衣服、鞋襪、鐘表、自行車、電視機(jī)的修理repair指的是修理構(gòu)造較為復(fù)雜,損傷較大的機(jī)器、汽車或建筑物等【即學(xué)活用】①Thetalentedworkerrepairedthemachineinaminute.(改為同義句)Thetalentedworker_____