Unit 9 Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone 課件-2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

Unit9Lesson1

TOCLONEORNOTTOCLONE語篇研讀

主題語境／主題意義本課是本單元的第一篇閱讀課，文章對“克隆還是不克隆”問題進(jìn)行剖析，作者提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)表明自己的態(tài)度，屬于“人與自然”主題的“人類生存，社會(huì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境的關(guān)系”。2018年引發(fā)軒然大波的深圳基因編輯嬰兒雙胞胎是人類的帶來福音還是災(zāi)難開啟？本文的主題意義在通過展示人們對克隆技術(shù)使用和不同態(tài)度，啟發(fā)人們思考如何使用人類自然科學(xué)研究成果。旨在讓學(xué)生了解科技發(fā)展也要按照生態(tài)學(xué)規(guī)律辦事，尊重自然環(huán)境上的自然環(huán)境，才能使人類更好的與自然環(huán)境，社會(huì)環(huán)境，和諧相處，進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)人類社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。高科技的發(fā)展又確實(shí)是一柄雙刃劍。主要內(nèi)容／what本文語篇作者通過介紹克隆的定義種類、人類克隆技術(shù)的例子和人們對克隆的不同態(tài)度——有人高興醫(yī)學(xué)研究的進(jìn)步，有人憂愁道德倫理的問題和使用技術(shù)的正當(dāng)性，作者表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)：克隆技術(shù)在醫(yī)學(xué)研究中是有用的工具，但也有可能成為危險(xiǎn)。

語篇類型：議論文

LearningObjectives01020304Icananalyzethewriter’sintentionsandopinionsIcanreadnewwordsIcanreadforspecificanddetailedinformationIcantellhowthewriterorganizeswriting1.________adj.精確的__________adv.__________n.___________adj.(antonym)2._________n.福氣;幸運(yùn)_______v.祝福;祝圣_______adj.神圣的;有福的;愉快安寧的3.___________n.比較__________adj.比較的___________v.比較;對比4.突破技術(shù)壁壘________________________5.患上一種疾病______________6.精準(zhǔn)復(fù)制__________________________7.一個(gè)主要問題______________8.與……相比________________________9.全身心地投入到______________10.延緩衰老________________________11.有可能做某事________________12.引起爭議_________________________13.激發(fā)強(qiáng)烈的情緒________________14.對…至關(guān)重要________________15.引發(fā)道德?lián)鷳n_______________havethepotentialtodosthincomparisonwithbecrucialformakeanexactcopyofaccurateaccuratelyaccuracyinaccurateblessingblessblessedcomparisoncomparativecomparebreakthetechnicalbarrierdevelopanillnessamajorissuebewhollydevotedtopreventtheagingprocessprovokestrongemotionscauseagreatdealofdisagreementraisemoralconcerns【PreviewTask】16.注定會(huì)_______________17.被看做________________18.濫用技術(shù)____________________19.滿足研究需求_______________20.developartificially__________21.identicalgenes____________22.mammalspecies____________23.non-reproductivecells__________24.ethicalquestions_____________25.apowerfulinstrument___________26.individualswiththeirownidentity______________suitresearchneedsbeseen/viewed/treatedasbeboundtoabusethetechnology人為培育完全相同的基因哺乳動(dòng)物非生殖細(xì)胞倫理問題強(qiáng)有力的工具具有獨(dú)特個(gè)性的個(gè)體【PreviewTask】In1996,theworld’sfirstclonedanimalwasborn.ItwasasheepnamedDolly.Dollywasgeneratedbyanadultsheep’ssomaticcell.In1998,theworld’sfirstcattleisreplicatedfromasomaticcellinJapan.Andthentheyproducedclonedbeefandmilk.Whatdoyouknowaboutcloning?Whatadditionalinformationwouldyouliketoknow?Usethewordsandphrasestohelpyou.cellspeciestoeditgenesidenticalgenestodevelopartificiallytomakeanexactcopyoftobreakthetechnicalbarriertoproduceanimalmodelsActivateandShareReadforStructure1.Whatisthegenreofthearticle?Why?A.Narrative(記敘文)B.Expositoryessay(說明文)C.Argumentativeessay(議論文)√Readthroughthearticle.Drawastructuralmaptoshowhowtheparagraphsareorganised.Para.1DefinitionandclassificationAttemptsPara.2DollyPara.3ZhongZhongandHuaHuaOpinionsPara.4PossiblebenefitsPara.5DisagreementPara.6ConclusionReadparagraphs1-3andmakedetailednotesaboutcloningthatbetterillustratetheinformation.Thenshareyournotesinasmallgroup.

AttemptsDollyashortlife,healthproblemstheprocessofmakinganexactcopyofaplantoranimal,developnaturallyorartificiallyZhongZhongandHuaHuafirst-everprimatesmuchharderwhollydevotedcloningdefinition1.Whatiscloning?2.Whatexamplesofnaturalcloningaregiven?3.Whatwasthefirstclonedmammal?Whathappenedtoher?Cloningistheprocessofmakinganexactcopyofaplantoranimalanddevelopingitnaturallyandartificially.Anexampleofnaturalcloningistakingacuttingfromaplantandputtingitinsoil,andanotherisidenticaltwins.ThefirstclonedanimalwasDollythesheep.Shedevelopedanillnessanddiedwhenshewassixandahalfyearsold.PairWork.Readthefirstthreeparagraphsagain.Askandanswerthequestionsinpairsbasedonyournotes.4.Howhasthescienceofcloningdevelopedsincethefirstclonedmammal?5.Whatdevelopmentincloningwasannouncedin2018?Whatwasspecialaboutit?6.ForhowlongdidDr.SunQiang’steamwork?Whydidtheyworksohard?Scientistshavebeenabletocloneanimalsofotherspecies.In2018,thefirsttwolong-tailedmonkeyswerecloned.Cloningaprimateismoredifficultthancloningotheranimals.Dr.SunQiang’steamworkedformorethanfiveyearsinordertogetanimalswitheditedgenesandproduceanimalmodels.

GroupWork.Readparagraphs4-5.Listthepotentialbenefitsof,andmoralconcernsaboutcloningprimates.Addyourownconcerns.Thenshareyournotesingroups.CloningprimatesPotentialbenefitsMoralconcernscuresfordiseases,preventaging,saveresearchtime,reducethenumberofanimalsbeingtestedon,producingmoreaccurateresults,bettertreatmentclonesshouldbetreatedasobjectsorindividuals,clonesareinferior,someorganisationsmayabusethetechnology

Readthelastparagraph.WhatdoesEinstein’squotemean?Einstein’squotemeansthatscienceitselfcan’tbejudgedasgoodorbad,becauseitcanonlyfunctionwhenitisusedbyhumans.Healsoindicateshumansneedtobecarefulwiththeinformationtheylearnthroughscienceandtoremembertousescienceforgood.“Scienceisapowerfulinstrument.Howitisused,whetheritisablessingoracursetomankind,dependsonmankindandnotontheinstrument.Aknifeisuseful,butitcanalsokill.”Talkaboutcloningusingtheinformationinthearticle.GroupWork.Thinkandshare.1.Whydoresearchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced?2.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardscloning?Fiveevidence.Researchersinsistonexplorecloningtocontinuemakingprogressincuringdiseasesanddevelopingtreatments.Thewriterfeelsthatcloningcanbeahelpfultoolinmedicalresearchbutthatitcanalsobecomedangerous.Evidenceofthisisinthewriter’suseofEinstein’squote.Readthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph.Arethereanysinglewords,suchaslinkingwordsortimeexpressions,thathelptomakethearticlecoherent.Para.2:foryearsPara.3:inJanuary2018Para.5:howeverPara.6:sofarSearchonlineandfindmoreinformationaboutthedevelopmentofcloning.Sharetheinformationinclass.Whenyousearchforcloning,thefollowingkeywordscanbeused:cloning,identical,research,genes,controversy,species,laboratory.Doyouthinkcloningisagoodidea?Usewhatyouhavelearnttotrytopersuadesomeonetoacceptyourpointofview.Yes,Ithinkcloningisagoodideatosomeextent.Youcanreplicateorgansandbloodtissuestosavelives.But,cloninghumansforharvestingtheirorgans,andsuperbabieswithabilitiesbeyondone’simagination,arebadideasthatwillleadtomoreproblems.Mostofthetime,therearemanyrisksinvolved.ExpressyourselfFinishexercise10onpage54.HomeworkExercise10Completethesummaryusingtheinformationinthearticle.Naturalcloninghastakenplaceforgenerations.Anexampleofthisisidentical1________.AsheepcalledDollywasthefirstmammaltobecloned2__________.SinceDolly,morethan20mammal3__________havebeenclonedincludingcamelsandgoats.In2018,Chinaannouncedthattwomonkeyshadbeencloned.twinsartificiallyspeciesIncomparisonwithotherspecies,scientistshavehadtoworkhardtobreakthetechnical4_______togetprimateswith5________genes.Scientistssaythatthismajorbreakthroughoffersthe6_________tocreatemonkeyswith7________genestogivemore8_________researchresultsandperhapsleadto9________forvariousdiseases.Whilstscientistsinsistitis10_________tocontinueresearch,othersraise11_________concernsandworrythatthetechnologymightbe12_______bysomeorganisations.barrierseditedpotentialidenticalaccuratecurescrucialmoralabusedLanguage

points第二課時(shí)identical完全相同的identityn.特征，身份identifyvt.認(rèn)出，發(fā)現(xiàn)beidenticalto/with…in…

與…在…方面完全相同asenseofnationalidentity民族認(rèn)同感identitycard(IDcard)身份證identify……as確認(rèn)……是Howwouldyoufeelifaspecialistdesignedsomeoneidentical_____you?Thenextstepwillbe________(identify)thecauseofthebreakdown.Thetwowordsareidentical____meaningandcanbeusedinterchangeably.to/withtoidentifyin2.crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵的cruciallyadv.becrucialto/for

acrucialquestion/point/factor/battleInanycollegeapplicationprocesstheinterviewis________(crucial)important.翻譯：做出正確的職業(yè)選擇對個(gè)人成功至關(guān)重要。cruciallyMakingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialto/forpersonalsuccess.3.inferior低級別的，差的

反superior級別高的，上等的beinferiorto比……差/次beofinferiorquality質(zhì)量差Theimplicationinhisarticleisthatbeingahousewifeisgreatly____________otheroccupations.inferiorto4.blessingn.福氣，幸運(yùn)blessv.祝福，稱頌，為……祈神賜福beblessedwith享有（幸福），賦有（能力）we_________________newopportunitiesandfacedwithnewchallenges.我們擁有新的機(jī)遇，也面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)。areblessedwith5.beboundtodo一定會(huì)beboundfor準(zhǔn)備前往We'dbettertakeaplanethatisbound_________China.Wearebound____________(do)whatwecantohelpthedisabled.Solongasweholdfasttoouridealsandnevergiveup,we_____________________.只要我們堅(jiān)持夢想，永不放棄，我們一定會(huì)取得成功。fortodoareboundtoachievesuccess6.comparisonn.比較，對照

comparev.comparativeadj.makeacomparison

incomparisonwithThere’snocomparison...無法相比，不能相提并論Couldyou________________betweenthetwofilms?你能將兩個(gè)電影比較一下嗎？ThetallestbuildingsinLondonaresmall________________NewYork’sskyscrapers.倫敦最高的建筑物與紐約的摩天大廈一比就相形見絀。翻譯：這兩家飯店完全不能相提并論.

makeacomparisonincomparisonwithThere’sabsolutelynocomparisonbetweenthetworestaurants.

Grammar

theperfect完成時(shí)ThePerfect1.定義完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作。用來表示現(xiàn)在、過去或者未來某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)已經(jīng)或?qū)?huì)完成的動(dòng)作。2.構(gòu)成主語+have(根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和人稱變化形式)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞3.類別1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Presentperfect2）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Presentperfectcontinuous3）過去完成時(shí)

Pastperfect4）過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Pastperfectcontinuous現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

Presentperfect1.定義現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，可能持續(xù)發(fā)生下去。(1)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，到現(xiàn)在已完成，強(qiáng)

調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與yet,

already,

just,

before,

lately等詞連用。(2)表示動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)

在，還有可能繼續(xù)下去，常同thesedays,

recently,

sofar,

inthelast/past…,

"for+時(shí)間

段"和"since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)"等連用。2.構(gòu)成主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Presentperfectcontinuous1.定義現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。(1)表示動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)到說

話時(shí)刻，還在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行或可能進(jìn)行下去，常與

表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。(2)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)

到說話時(shí)刻剛結(jié)束。2.構(gòu)成主語+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去完成時(shí)

Pastperfect1.定義過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，以及此動(dòng)作對過去的某一點(diǎn)造成的影響。2.構(gòu)成主語+had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞(2)表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存

在的狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到這一過去時(shí)刻，并可能繼續(xù)下去，常同由for或since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的短語或從句連用。(3)常用過去完成時(shí)的固定結(jié)構(gòu)及句型：

①hardly..when./nosooner.…than.(主句用

過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí))

②Itwasthefirst/second/..time+(that)….(從

句用過去完成時(shí))

Shehadhardlygonetobedwhenthebellrang.

ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadcomeacrosssuch

acomplicatedproblem.用法

(1)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前已

經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或情況。表示的時(shí)間是

"過去的過去"，這個(gè)過去的時(shí)刻常用由by,

before等引導(dǎo)的短語或時(shí)間狀語從句來表示，

也可以通過表示過去的動(dòng)作或上下文來表示。

過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Pastperfectcontinuous1.定義過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去的過去開始一直延續(xù)到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止，也可能仍然在進(jìn)行。2.構(gòu)成主語+had+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞Identifythetenseofthesentencesandwritethenumberinthecorrectcolumns.1.Naturalcloninghasbeengoingonforgenerations.2.Gardenershavebeenusingaformofcloningwhentheytakeacuttingfromaplant...3.Foryears,therehadbeenattemptstocloneanimals.4.Cloningprimateshasbeenprovedtobe“muchharder”thancloningotherspecies.5.Dr.SunQiangsaidtheyhadbeenwhollydevotedtotheresearch...6.Dr.SunQiangsaidtheyhadbeentakingcareofmorethan1000monkeys24hoursaday,7daysaweek...PresentperfectPresentperfectcontinuousPastperfectPastperfectcontinuous41,23,56Exercise1.OnThursday,theInstituteofNeuroscienceannouncedit________________(clone)twomonkeysusingnon-reproductivecells.2.Itisreportedthatresearchersallaroundtheworld__________________(conduct)testsonanimals,suchasmiceanddogs,formanyyearsbutcouldn'tfindawaytoclonemonkeys.3.Thenewsofthesuccessfulcloning______________(attract)attentionfromaroundtheworld.4.However,cloningprimates________________(alsoraise)ethicalconcerns.5.Forexample,somepeople____________________(discuss)issuesconcerninghowcloneswillbetreatedinsociety.hadclonedhavebeenconductinghasattracted

havealsoraisedhavebeendiscussing6.Thecyclist___________________(perform)imp