人教版高中英語必修二 （Cultural Heritage）SectionⅣ 課件

SectionⅣUNIT1

CulturalHeritage

Ⅰ.課標單詞1.單詞拼寫①

/θru??a?t/prep.各處;遍及;自始至終②

/f?r?ev?r/adv.永遠;長久地③

/ru?f/n.頂部;屋頂④

/?d?d??tl/adj.數(shù)碼的;數(shù)字顯示的⑤

/a??dent?fa?/vt.確認;認出;找到⑥

/???v?(r)?si?z/adj.海外的adv.在海外throghoutforeverroofdigitalidentifyoverseas⑦

/p??re?d/n.游行;檢閱vi.游行慶祝;游行示威⑧

/ke?v/n.山洞;洞穴2.根據(jù)英文釋義選詞填空exit,process,forgive,quality,opinion,image,download,further①

:aseriesofthingsthataredonetoachieveaparticularresult②

:stopblamingorexcusingsb.③

:toagreaterdegreeparadecaveprocessforgivefurther④

:transferafileorprogramfromacentralcom-putertoasmaller

computer⑤

:avieworapicturethatmostpeoplehaveintheirmindofaperson,an

organizationoraproduct⑥

:somethingsuchascourage,intelligenceorlo-yaltypeoplemayhave⑦

:adoororspacethroughwhichyoucanleaveaplace,especiallyaroomin

abigbuilding⑧

:yourfeelingsorthoughtsaboutsb./sth.downloadimagequalityexitopinion3.詞匯拓展①

/pr??fe??nl/adj.專業(yè)的;職業(yè)的n.專業(yè)人員;職業(yè)選手→profession/pr??fe?n/n.行業(yè);職業(yè)②

/?entr?ns/n.入口;進入→enter/?ent?(r)/v.進入③

/tr??d??n/n.傳統(tǒng);傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風俗→tradi-tional/tr??d???nl/adj.傳統(tǒng)的④

/h??st?r?k/adj.歷史上著名(或重要的)的;有史時期的→history/h?stri/n.歷史⑤

/k?m?p?r?sn/n.比較;相比→compare/k?m?pe?(r)/v.比較;對比professional

entrancetraditionhistoriccomparisonⅡ.情景詞塊1.downloadthefreeapp

2.aprofessionalarchaeologist

3.attheentranceto...

4.allovertheworld

5.theprocessofbuilding...

6.athomeandoverseas

7.afireexit

8.ontheroofof...

下載免費的應用軟件一位專業(yè)的考古學家在……的入口在世界各地建設……的過程在國內外消防通道

在……的屋頂

9.forgiveone’smistake

10.highqualitydigitalimages

11.theMogaoCaves

12.culturaltraditions

13.ahistoricbuilding

14.takephotosof

15.beproudof

原諒某人的錯誤高質量的數(shù)碼照片莫高窟文化傳統(tǒng)

一座歷史性建筑拍照以……為自豪Ⅲ.情景佳句1.2.句型公式since引導時間狀語從句教材原句Nearly500,000high-qualitydigitalphotographshavebeenproducedsince

the

international

project

started

in1994.嘗試翻譯句型公式現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語教材原句By

sharing

so

many

digital

photos

over

the

Internet,thegrouphopestopromoteevenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina’sancienthistory,culture,andtraditions.嘗試翻譯

1994年該國際項目啟動以來,團隊已經制作了近50萬張高質量的數(shù)碼照片。這個團隊通過在網絡上分享大量(有關莫高窟的)電子照片,希望在世界范圍內促使人們對中國古代歷史和文化習俗產生更廣泛的興趣。3.句型公式neither...nor...連接兩個并列成分教材原句Neitherpeoplenorbuildingslastforever,butChenLei’sphotoscanhelpusrememberthem.嘗試翻譯人和建筑物都不是永恒的,但陳雷的照片可以幫助我們記住它們。

背景導學

文化遺產是歷史和文化傳承的重要載體。但是很多文化遺產經歷了成百上千年的歲月洗禮,面臨年久失修、亟待保護的危急局面,而最重要的是很多文化遺產的重要歷史和文化價值還沒有得到充分的認識。數(shù)字媒體等新技術的發(fā)展,給文化遺產的保護帶來了新的生機和可能。本文正是一篇有關利用數(shù)字技術制作敦煌莫高窟文物圖像的新聞報道,作者認為利用這種方式,可以在世界范圍內引起人們對中國歷史、文化和傳統(tǒng)的

關注了解,從而更好地增進國際文化交流、理解與合作。用適當?shù)脑~匯補全課文PROMOTINGCULTURETHROUGHDIGITALIMAGESLanzhou,9August2017.AgroupofresearchersandscientistsfromChinaand

othercountriesareworkingtogethertohelpincreaseknowledgeandappreciation

ofChina’sancientculturalheritage.Theyarerecordingandcollectingdigital

imagesofculturalrelicsfromtheMogaoCaves,whichwereakeystopalongthe

SilkRoad1.

China’sancienthistory.Nearly500,000high-2.

throughoutquality教材原文digitalphotographshavebeenproducedsincetheinternationalprojectstartedin

1994.TheMogaoCaveshavelongbeenameetingpointfordifferentculturesandare

partofthehistoryofmanycountries.Today,thecavesarejustasinternationalas

theywereatthetimewhenpeopletravelledtheSilkRoad.Touristsfromallover

theworldvisitDunhuangtoseethecaves,andtheGettyMuseuminLosAnge-

leshasevenreproducedacopyofthecavesandpaintingsforpeopletoadmirein

America.BysharingsomanydigitalphotosovertheInternet,thegrouphopestopromoteevenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina’sancienthistory,culture,andtra-

ditions.Theyalsohopeto3.

educatepeopleabouttheimportanceofsafe-

guarding4.

andculturalrelicsforfuturegenerationstounderstandand

appreciate.Asoneresearcherwhoisworkingontheprojectexplains,“Appreci-

atingone’sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself.

Appreciatingtheculturalheritageofothercountriesisveryimportantforinterna-

tionalcommunicationandunderstanding.”furtherhistoric通過數(shù)碼圖像推廣文化(蘭州,2017年8月9日)一支由中國和其他國家的研究人員和科學家組成的科研團隊,正在通力合作,旨在加強人們對中國古代文化遺產方面的認識與鑒賞力。團隊成員正在記錄和收集莫高窟文物的數(shù)碼圖像;莫高窟在中國古代歷

史上是絲綢之路上的一個關鍵站點。1994年該國際項目啟動以來,團隊已經

制作了近50萬張高質量的數(shù)碼照片。長期以來,莫高窟一直是多元文化的交匯點,反映著不同國家的歷史文化。今

天,這些洞窟的國際地位可與當年人們在絲綢之路上跋涉的時候相提并論。教材譯文來自世界各地的游客紛紛造訪敦煌、欣賞洞窟;位于洛杉磯的蓋蒂博物館甚

至復制了這些洞窟和壁畫的照片,供人們在美國欣賞。這些科學家和研究者在網絡上分享了大量(有關莫高窟的)電子照片,希望在世界范圍內促使人們對中國古代歷史和文化習俗產生更廣泛的興趣。團隊

還希望進一步教育大眾認識保護歷史和文化遺產以供后代了解和欣賞的重

要性。正如一位從事該項目的研究人員所解釋的:“欣賞本國文化遺產,有助

于了解我們自己;欣賞他國文化遺產,有助于增進國際交流和理解?！闭垖⒎段母膶懗梢黄?0詞左右的短文審題謀篇

文本改寫詞匯儲備1.

通力合作2.

加強人們對文化遺產

方面的認識與鑒賞力3.

莫高窟文物的數(shù)碼照片4.

在網絡上分享大量的電子圖片5.

對人們很有益處6.

一方面……另一方面……worktogetherincreaseknowledgeandappreciationofculturalheritagedigitalimagesoftheMogaoCavessharemanydigitalphotosovertheInternetbeofbenefit/beneficialtopeopleontheonehand...ontheotherhand7.

意識到……的重要性8.

促進國際交流和理解句型運用1.一支由中國和其他國家的研究人員和科學家組成的科研團隊正在通力合

作,旨在加強人們對文化遺產方面的認識與鑒賞力。(todo作目的狀語)AgroupofresearchersandscientistsfromChinaandothercountriesareworking

togethertoincreaseknowledgeandappreciationofculturalheritage.realizetheimportanceof...increaseinternationalcommunicationandunderstanding

2.他們正在記錄和收集莫高窟的數(shù)碼照片。TheyarerecordingandcollectingdigitalimagesoftheMogaoCaves.3.在網絡上分享大量的電子圖片對人們很有益處。(beofbenefit)SharingmanydigitalphotosovertheInternetisofbenefittopeople.4.一方面讓人們意識到保護歷史文化遺跡的重要性;另一方面促進國際交流

和理解。(ontheonehand;ontheotherhand)Ontheonehand,itcanmakepeoplerealizetheimportanceofsafeguardinghis-

toricandculturalrelics;ontheotherhand,itcanincreaseinternationalcommu-

nicationandunderstanding.

句式升級用定語從句把第3、4句變成一個復合句。SharingmanydigitalphotosovertheInternetisofbenefittopeople,whichcanmakepeopleralizetheimportanceofsafeguardinghistoricandculturalrelics

andincreaseinternationalcommunicationandunderstanding.

串句成文AgroupofresearchersandscientistsfromChinaandothercountriesareworking

togethertoincreaseknowledgeandappreciationofculturalheritage.Theyare

recordingandcollectingdigitalimagesoftheMogaoCaves.Sharingmanydigi-

talphotosovertheInternetisofbenefittopeople,whichcanmakepeoplerealize

theimportanceofsafeguardinghistoricandculturalheritageandincreaseinter-

nationalcommunicationandunderstanding.

選詞填空用方框中單詞或短語的正確形式補全短文。jecttakephotos

ofheritagepreserveAPictureIsWorthaThousandWordsChenLeiisaseniorteacherwho1.

oldbuildingsinWuhaninor-

derto2.

thecity’sculturalheritage.takesphotosofpreserve實戰(zhàn)演練Everyday,ChenLeitakeshiscameraandwalks3.

throughtheolderpartsofthecity.Overtheyearshehastakenthousandsofpicturesofoldbuild-

ingsto4.

arecordforhisfellowcitizensinthepresentandfuture.Another

importantpartofhis5.

istheinterviewshe6.

withelderlyresi-

dents.Oftenthesestorieshelptobringtheinterestinghistoriesofthebuildingsto

life,givingthemtheirplaceinthehumanstoriesofWuhan’s7.

.He

writesaboutthebuildings,theirinhabitantsandthestoriesthatweavethemto-

gether.Healsovisitsschoolstotellstudentsabouttheircultural8.

.patientlycreateprojectconductscitizensheritageNeitherpeoplenorbuildingslast9.

,butChenLei’sphotoscanhelpus

rememberthem.Thestoriesthataccompanythemalsohelpbuildapictureoflifeforfuture10.

tohearandaddtheirownstories,too.forevergenerations1.WemetaprofessionalarchaeologistattheentrancetotheGreatPyramid.在大

金字塔的入口處,我們遇到了一位專業(yè)的考古學家。(教材P6)語言點1

entrancen.入口;進入情景探究①I’llwaitforyouat

the

entrance

tothemuseumtomorrow.明天我會在博物館的入口處等你。②Hemade

an

entrancethroughthewindow.他從窗口進入。③Russia’snationalcollege

entrance

examinationswillincludeChineseasan

electiveforeignlanguage.中文將作為選修外語進入俄羅斯高考。④(鮮活例句)InordertofightagainstCOVID-19,the

entrances

tosomehigh-wayshavebeenclosed.為了抗擊2019新型冠狀病毒肺炎,一些高速公路的入口已經關閉了。歸納拓展

(1)theentranceto...……的入口attheentranceto...在……的入口處thecollegeentranceexaminations高考makeanentrance進入;入場(2)enterv.進入(3)exitn.出口theexitof...……的出口頭腦風暴含有介詞to的名詞短語還有:

學以致用(1)單句填空①Tomysurprise,theentrance

theminewasclosed.②Atthe

(enter)tothethemepark,alittlegirlwascrying.thekeyto...;thesolutionto;theanswerto;accesstotoentrance(2)單句寫作③當?shù)厝嗽诖蹇跓崃覛g迎外賓。Thelocalpeoplegavetheforeignvisitorsawarmwelcome

the

village.④這是博物館的出口。我喜歡這樓梯。Thisis

themuseum.Ilikethestairs.⑤她通過了高考,這使得她的父母非常自豪。She

,whichmadeherparentsvery

proud.attheentrancetotheexitofpassedthecollegeentranceexaminations2.Heexplainedtoustheprocessofbuildingsuchadifficultstructure.他向我們

解釋了建造如此復雜結構的過程。(教材P6)語言點2processn.過程;進程;步驟vt.處理;加工情景探究①Don’tworry.Allthepreparationsare

in

process.別擔心。所有的準備工作都在進行中。②Wearestillin

the

process

ofmoving.我們還在搬家的過程中。③Alltheinformationwasthenreadytobe

processed

intofilmnegatives.然后,所有的信息都要被制成膠片。④(鮮活例句)Itisreportedthatallkindsofmedicalproductsarein

the

process

ofbeingproducednow.據(jù)報道所有的醫(yī)療產品現(xiàn)在正在生產當中。歸納拓展

(1)beinprocess正在進行intheprocessof在……過程中(2)beprocessedinto...被制成/加工成……學以致用(1)賞句猜義①Asweallknow,educationisagradualprocess,andpeoplearegradually

awareofitsimportance.

②Itwilltakeaweekforyourapplicationtobeprocessed.

③Thiswasthefirststageoftheprintingprocess.

過程;進程處理程序;步驟(2)單句寫作④最后這塊布料會被加工成一套西服。Finallythisclothwill

asuit.⑤這首音樂正在創(chuàng)作當中。Themusicis

beingcomposed.beprocessedintointheprocessof3.Forgivemeforasking,but...冒昧問一句……(教材P7)語言點3

forgive(forgave,forgiven)vt.&vi.原諒;寬恕vt.對不起;請原諒情景探究①Pleaseforgivemeforlyingtoyou,butit’snotmyintention.請原諒我對你說謊,但那不是我的本意。②Theyallforgive

him

the

mistakehehadmade.他們都原諒了他犯的錯誤。③Inaddition,it’sbestforyoutoforgive

and

forget.此外,你最好還是不計前嫌。④Sorry,pleaseforgive

us;youhaveareallyniceplace.對不起,請原諒我們,你的位置確實好。歸納拓展

(1)forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原諒某人(做)某事forgivesb.sth.寬恕某人某事(后接雙賓語)forgiveandforget不記仇(2)forgivenessn.原諒;寬恕beg/askforforgiveness乞求/請求原諒學以致用(1)單句填空①Wecan’tforgiveanyone

destroyinganyculturalrelics.②Forgivemefor

(interrupt),butIreallydon’tagreewithwhatyou

havesaid.③Hebegged

(forgive)forwhathehaddone.forinterruptingforgiveness(2)句型轉換④Excusemeforhavingtakenupsomuchofyourtimeandacceptmybest

wishesforyourhealthandhappiness.(forgive)→

havingtakenupsomuchofyourtimeandacceptmybest

wishesforyourhealthandhappiness.Forgivemefor4.Nearly500,000high-qualitydigitalphotographshavebeenproducedsincethe

internationalprojectstartedin1994.1994年該國際項目啟動以來,團隊已經制作了近50萬張高質量的數(shù)碼照片。

(教材P8)語言點4qualityn.質量;品質;素質;特征adj.優(yōu)質的;高質量的情景探究①Allmystockis

of

good

qualityandwearswell.我的全部庫存都是優(yōu)質產品且穿著很舒服。②Thisshirtisgoodin

qualitybutnotsuitableformysize.這件襯衫質量不錯,但是不符合我的尺碼。③Greatpeopleusuallyhavesomegoodqualitiesthatothersdon’thave.偉人通常擁有他人沒有的良好品質。④(鮮活例句)Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutthequality

andsafetyoffood.如今,越來越多的人關心食品質量和安全。歸納拓展

(1)beofgood/high/poorquality質量好/高/差inquality在質量方面thequalityoflife生活質量(2)quantityn.量;數(shù)量(形近詞)inquantity大量溫馨提示quality作“特點;品質”講時,是可數(shù)名詞;作“質量”講時,是不可數(shù)名詞。學以致用(1)賞句猜義①(2018課標全國Ⅱ)Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:Thegovernmentencour-

agesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofricetoimprovewaterquality.

②Consideringherqualitiesandexperience,sheisthebestcandidateforthepo-

sitionofgeneralmanager.

③Onequalityofwoodisthatitcanburn.

質量品質;素質特征(2)一句多譯這種手機的質量非常好。④Thiskindofmobilephoneisgood

.⑤Thiskindofmobilephoneis

.inqualityofgoodquality5.BysharingsomanydigitalphotosovertheInternet,thegrouphopestopro-

moteevenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina’sancienthistory,culture,

andtraditions.這個團隊通過在網絡上分享大量(有關莫高窟的)電子照片,希

望在世界范圍內促使人們對中國古代歷史和文化習俗產生更廣泛的興趣。(教材P8)語言點5

traditionn.傳統(tǒng);傳統(tǒng)的信仰或風俗情景探究①It

is

a

tradition

to

givechildrenchocolateeggsatEaster.復活節(jié)給孩子們巧克力蛋是一個傳統(tǒng)。②WeChinesehave

a

tradition

ofsettingofffireworkstowelcomethenewyear.我們中國人有燃放煙花來迎接新年的傳統(tǒng)。③Hebroke

with

traditionandbravelypushedaheadwithreforms.他打破傳統(tǒng),并勇敢地推動改革。④(2018課標全國Ⅲ)Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstyles

andtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.今天,很多中國人都在學習西方的風格和理念而不是集中精力于中國(自己)

的傳統(tǒng)。歸納拓展

(1)Itisatraditionforsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事是一種傳統(tǒng)haveatraditionof有……的傳統(tǒng)breakwithtradition打破傳統(tǒng)(2)traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的traditionallyadv.傳統(tǒng)地學以致用(1)單句填空①(2018課標全國Ⅲ)Thestudyof

(traditional)shouldbecombined

withpractice.②TheDragonBoatFestivalis

(tradition)heldonMay5according

tothelunarcalendar.③Hesayshiscountrywantstodevelopits

(tradition)friendshipwith

China.traditionstraditionallytraditional(2)單句寫作④在美國,感恩節(jié)吃火雞是一種傳統(tǒng)。

toeatturkeyonThanksgivingDayinAmerica.⑤在這次展覽中有幾位畫家打破了傳統(tǒng)。Severalpaintersintheexhibitionhave

.It’satraditionbrokenwthtradition6.Whatdoyouthinkoftheresearcher’sopinioninthelastparagraph?你認為最

后一段中那位研究者的觀點是什么?(教材P8)語言點6opinionn.意見;想法;看法情景探究①In

my

opinion,youshouldchangeyourmindrightnow.Afterall,hisadvice

soundsreasonable.在我看來,你應當立刻改變你的想法。畢竟,他的建議聽起來有道理。②Thebosshas

averyhigh

opinion

ofher.老板對她有很高的評價。③(鮮活例句)What’s

your

opinion

ofthesongA

Drunk

Butterfly?你認為《酒醉的蝴蝶》這首歌怎么樣?歸納拓展

(1)inone’sopinion=intheopinionofsb.在某人看來haveagood/bad/highopinionof...對……評價好/不好/高What’syouropinionof...你認為……怎么樣?opinionabout/on/ofsb./sth.對某人/物的看法(2)inone’sopinion=inone’sview在某人看來學以致用(1)單句填空①Manypeoplehaveabadopinion

hisnewplanaboutreforming.②Ihaverecentlychangedmyopinion

her.③It’sdifficulttodecidebetweenthetwo

(opinion).ofof/on/aboutopinions(2)單句寫作④在我看來,為了能更好地放松,我們青少年應該出去和朋友玩耍。

,weteenagersshouldgooutwithourfriendsforfunsothat

wecanrelaxmore.⑤我對昨天面試的那個人有很高的評價。I

themanIinterviewedyesterday.Inmyopinion/viewhaveahighopinionof7.Wordstoshowcomparisonand/orcontrast.表示對比和/或對照的詞語(教材P8)語言點7

contrastn.&vt.對比;對照情景探究①ItisinterestingtocontrasttheBritishlegalsystemwiththeAmericanone.將英國的法律制度與美國的法律制度進行對比是很有趣的。②In

contrast

with/tohisbrothers,Tomisrathershort.與幾位兄弟相比,湯姆的個子相當矮。③By

contrast,KateismuchmorediligentthanMary.相比之下,凱特比瑪麗勤奮得多。歸納拓展

(1)contrast...with...把……與……作比較(2)incontrastwith/to與……形成對照bycontrast相比之下學以致用(1)單句填空①Hiswhitehairwasincontrast

hisdarkskin.②Chinaisacountryofalargepopulation.

contrast,Canadahasaverysmall

population.③Whentheartificialflowers

(contrast)withactualones,youcan

hardlytellthedifference.to/withByarecontrasted(2)單句寫作④一項研究表明,與男司機相比,女司機在馬路上通常更細心周到。Astudyhasshownthatwomendrivers,

mendrivers,aregen-

erallymorecarefulandconsiderateontheroad.⑤大多數(shù)人工作是因為這是不可避免的。相比之下,有些人確實喜歡工作。Mostpeopleworkbecauseit’sunavoidable.

,therearesomepeople

whoactuallyenjoyworking.incontrastto/withBycontrastⅠ.語境填詞根據(jù)語境和漢語提示寫出單詞的正確形式。1.Thereisnoquickwayoffindingacureforanydisease,anditisalwaysa

(過程)oftrialanderror.2.Theair

(質量)inthecity,asisshowninthereport,hasimprovedover

thepasttwoyears.processquality3.Nowadays,theInternetisapopularchannelforthepublictogaininformation

andvoicetheir

(觀點;看法).4.Theadvertisementsareintendedtoimprovethecompany’s

(形象;印象).5.Passengerswereaskedto

(確認)theirownsuitcasesbeforetheywere

putontheplane.6.Ittookhimalongtimetogaintheskillsheneededtobecomea

(職業(yè)的)artist.7.WeencourageallchildrentospeakEnglish

(自始至終)theirtimeat

camp.opinionsimageidentifyprofessionalthroughout8.Althoughsomechildrenbrokehiswindows,hefinally

(原諒)themafter

theyapologizedtohim.9.Twofriendshaveanargumentthatbreaksuptheirfriendship

(永遠).10.Theauthortellsusabouttheirdifferentwaysoflearningbymaking

(比較).forgaveforevercontrasts/comparisonsⅡ.語境選詞根據(jù)語境用方框內短語的正確形式填空。attheentrancetoasheetofforgive...forinone’sopinionofhighquality

bycontrastbreakwithtraditioninprocess1.

,youwouldbewisetoaccepthisadvice.2.Wedonotcarryourshoesbutleavethem

ourhouseinthe

shoerack.3.Theseareleathergoods

,andthereforetheyarepopular.Inmyopinionattheentrancetoofhighquality4.

me

nottellingyouthetruth.Iamnotdeliberatelyhidingit.5.Theywrappedfishandchipsin

newspaper.6.Ithinkhispaintingstylehas

.7.Infactallthingsfortheprojectare

.8.

,hissolutiontotheproblemismorepracticalthanyours.ForgiveforasheetofbrokenwithtraditioninprocessBycontrastⅢ.還原教材原句請按正確的語序組合句子。1.tellrightfromwrong,itissaidthat,amirror,that,it’s,canItissaidthatit’samirrorthatcantellrightfromwrong.2.fromtheMogaoCaves,whichwere,theyarerecordingandcollecting,along

theSilkRoad,digitalimagesofculturalrelics,throughoutChina’sancienthistory,akeystop

TheyarerecordingandcollectingdigitalimagesofculturalrelicsfromtheMogaoCaves,whichwereakeystopalongtheSilkRoadthroughoutChina’sancienthistory.3.atthetime,astheywere,justasinternational,thecavesare,theSilkRoad,

whenpeopletravelled,todayToday,thecavesarejustasinternationalastheywereatthetimewhenpeople

travelledtheSilkRoad.4.forunderstandingoneself,isveryimportant,one’sownculturalheritage,ap-

preciatingAppreciatingone’sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstanding

oneself.

Unit1

CulturalHeritageSectionⅣ

DiscoveringUsefulStructures——限制性定語從句(3)

定語從句是一種形容詞性從句，它是跟在一個名詞、代詞或句子后對其進行修飾限定的句子。因該從句在整個句子中作定語，故被稱作定語從句。被修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句通常只能放在被修飾的詞之后。一、定語從句的關系詞[合作探究]Afterlisteningtothescientistswhohadstudiedtheproblemandcitizenswholivednearthedam,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelpin1959.在聽取了研究這個問題的科學家和住在大壩附近的居民的意見后，政府于1959年向聯(lián)合國尋求幫助。Templesandotherculturalsitesweretakendownpiecebypiece,andthenmovedandputbacktogetheragaininaplacewheretheyweresafefromthewater.寺廟和其他文化遺址被一塊一塊地拆下來，然后搬到一個安全的不會遭受水患的地方重新組裝起來。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)1]

當被定語從句修飾的先行詞指人且在定語從句中充當主語時，引導定語從句的關系詞用____________；

當被定語從句修飾的先行詞指地點且在定語從句中作地點狀語時用關系詞____________。who/thatwhere二、關系詞的基本用法[合作探究]Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewhowillbecomeyourlifelongfriends.你可能有機會結識將成為你一生的朋友的新人。Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersonwhomshecouldturntoforhelp.在黑暗的街道上，沒有一個她可以求助的人。MsWangistheteacherwhosesonwasadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.王女士就是那位兒子被北京大學錄取的老師。IcanwellremembertheaccidentthathappenedonarainySundayafternoon.我清楚地記得在一個下雨的星期天下午發(fā)生的那場事故。Ourclassisabigfamilywhichismadeupof28girlsand32boys.我們班是一個由28個女孩和32個男孩組成的大家庭。ThecompanywhosenameisHuaweiisbasedinGuangdongProvince,China.那個叫華為的公司總部在中國廣東省。Ialwaysmissthedayswhenwewereonthesummercamplastyear.我總是懷念去年我們參加夏令營的日子。Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheysupplyusfreshair.我們必須種樹的原因是它們能為我們提供新鮮的空氣。Literatureistheplacewherethepastmeetsthepresenttothinkaboutthefuture.在文學作品里，過去與現(xiàn)實交匯，以思考未來。It’stimetorecallthosebeautifuldays(that/which)wespenttogether.是時候回憶我們一起度過的那些美好的日子了。Wearelookingforthepersontowhomthebookbelongs.我們正在尋找這本書的主人。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)2](1)定語從句關系詞的具體用法是：who/thatwhom/who/thatwhosethat/whichthat/whichwhose(2)當表示時間、地點或原因的先行詞在其后面的定語從句中作賓語或表語時，引導定語從句的關系詞必須使用關系____________。(3)當關系詞前有介詞時，該關系詞多用關系____________。whenwherewhy代詞代詞三、定語從句中關系副詞與“介詞＋關系代詞”的轉化[合作探究]Istillrememberthedaywhen(＝onwhich)IfirstcametoBeijing.我還記得第一次來北京的那一天。Thisisthehousewhere(＝inwhich)MoYanoncelived.這是莫言曾住過的房子。Thereasonwhy(＝forwhich)hefailedintheexamwasthathedidn’tstudyhard.他考試失敗的原因是他學習不努力。Thegentlemanaboutwhomyoutoldmeyesterdayisafriendofmyfather.你昨天告訴我的那個紳士是我爸爸的一個朋友。Thewomantowhomheismarriedisafamousactress.他要娶的是一位著名的女演員。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)3](1)關系副詞when,where引導的定語從句可以轉化為“____________”引導的定語從句；而why引導的定語從句可以轉換為“____________”引導的定語從句。(2)在使用“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句時，介詞的選擇要考慮以下三個方面：①介詞和定語從句中____________的習慣搭配；②介詞與定語從句中的____________的習慣搭配；③介詞與定語從句中的____________________同時搭配并符合句意邏輯。介詞＋whichforwhich先行詞謂語動詞謂語動詞和先行詞四、定語從句中關系詞的省略1.關系詞可以省略的幾種情況 [合作探究]Ihavetakenwithmethetwobooks(that/which)youaskedmetoreturntotheCityLibrary.我把你要我送還給市圖書館的那兩本書帶走了。Hereistheman(whom)you’vebeenlookingfor.這就是你一直在找的那個人。Theway(that/inwhich)youlookattheproblemiswrong.你看待問題的方式是錯誤的。Thereason(why/that)hewantedtosellhishousewasthatheneededalotofmoneyforhisoperation.他想賣掉房子的原因是他的手術需要很多錢。Thesecondtime(when)Isawhimwasin1980.我第二次見到他是在1980年。Thisistheplace(where)wemetyesterday.這就是我們昨天見面的地方。Thisisthebook(which)IreadyesterdayandwhichIfoundveryinteresting.這就是我昨天讀的那本書，我發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有趣。Ourvillageisnottheone(that)itusedtobe.我們的村莊已不是過去那個樣子了。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)4](1)當定語從句的先行詞在定語從句中作____________時，關系詞通常省略。(2)當先行詞是way,reason,time,place等且它們在定語從句中分別作方式、原因、時間和地點狀語時，它們后面的定語從句的相應的關系詞____________，____________，____________，____________等可以省略。(3)當由and，but，or等并列連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的定語從句修飾同一個先行詞時，第____________個關系代詞可以省略，但第二個及以后的關系詞一般不可以省略。賓語that/inwhichwhywhenwhere一2.關系詞不可省略的幾種情況 [合作探究]DoyouknowanyshopsnearbyinwhichIcanbuyflowers?你知道附近有賣花的商店嗎？That’stheheadmasterwithwhommyfatherwastalkingjustnow.那就是剛才和我父親談話的校長。Mr.Green,whomyouknow，isthetallestinourschool.你認識的格林先生是我們學校最高的。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)5](1)關系代詞前有____________時，該關系代詞不能省略。(2)____________定語從句中，無論關系詞作何成分，都不能省略。介詞非限制性[鞏固內化1]選擇適當?shù)年P系詞①Thescientist____________(who/whom)discoversacureforcancerwillbegreat.②Mr.Liuwantstotalktothestudents____________(who/whose)homeworkhasn’tbeenhandedin.③YesterdayL