高中英語人教版一輪課時提升作業(yè)二十二必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請按住Ctrl,滑動鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。二十二必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdom(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AJeremyfromAmericacannotunderstandwhyaladyhemetoutsidetheHydeParkinLondonsaid,“Ooh,isn’titcold?”,andhethinksofthisbehaviourasadistinctivelyEnglishconcernabouttheweather.Infact,thefemalewasjusttryingtostrikeupaconversationwithJeremy.Notnecessarilyalongconversation—justanexchangeofgreetings.Itisnotalwaysquitethatobvious,butallEnglishweatherconversationshaveadistinctivestructureconductedaccordingtounwrittenbutacceptedrules.Theunpredictablenatureofourweatherensuresthatthereisalwayssomethingnewtomenton,orperhapsmostimportantly,agreeabout.Wehavealreadyestablishedthatweatherspeakgreetingslike“Cold,isn’tit?”requiretheresponseexpressingagreement,asin“Yes,isn’tit?”.Itwouldbeveryrudetorespondwith“No,actuallyit’squitemild.”or“It’sprettyhottome.”Ifyoudeliberatelybreaktherule,youwillfindthattheatmospherebeesrathertenseandawkward.Theremaybeanunfortablesilence.Mostlikely,theywilleitherchangethesubjectorcontinuetalkingabouttheweatheramongthemselvespolitely,ifcoldly,ignoringyourfauxpas.

Thereis,however,onesituationinwhichEnglishweatherspeakersarenotrequiredtoobservetheagreementruleatallandthatisthemalebondingargument,particularlythepubargument.Inthespecialenvironmentofthepub,constantdisagreementnotjustontheweather,butoneverythingelseaswellisameansofexpressingfriendship.Whilewemayspendmuchofourtimeplainingaboutourweather,foreignersarenotallowedtocriticizeit.Indeed,thisbringsustotheweatherasfamilyrule.Inthisrespect,wetreattheEnglishweatherlikeamemberofourfamily:onecanplainaboutthebehaviorofone’sownchildrenorparents,butanyblamefromanoutsiderisunacceptable.TheweathermaybeoneofthefewthingsaboutwhichtheEnglisharestillunconsciouslyandunashamedlypatriotic(愛國的).【文章大意】本文是說明文。文章講述英國人在談?wù)撎鞖鈺r是按照未成文但被人們普遍接受的規(guī)則進行的,談?wù)撎鞖馐怯艘环N獨有的情懷。1.WhydidtheladymentontheweathertoJeremy?A.Tobuildupfriendship.B.Tobeginacasualchat.C.Tosendseasonalgreetings.D.Toexpressdissatisfaction.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Infact,thefemalewasjusttryingtostrikeupaconversationwithJeremy.Notnecessarilyalongconversation—justanexchangeofgreetings.”可知,實際上這名女性只是想與Jeremy搭一下話。不必是長時間的對話,只是互相問好。因此這位女士對Jeremy評論天氣是為了開始一個隨便的聊天。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“fauxpas”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Improperresponse. B.Carelessattitude.C.Rudeinterruption. D.Frequentplaint.【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,天氣的不可預(yù)測性確保我們始終有新的東西可以評論,或者說最重要的是要達(dá)成對天氣的共識。由此可知,人們在談?wù)撎鞖鈺r,雙方往往會有一致的看法。由第二段倒數(shù)二、三句可知,如果你故意違反規(guī)則,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)氣氛變得非常緊張和尷尬。可能會有不舒服的沉默。因此說話雙方就要做出選擇,即下文的“他們很可能會改變話題,或者繼續(xù)禮貌地談?wù)撎鞖狻薄Ｈ绻麑υ挿諊缓玫脑?他們自然會忽略你的回應(yīng)。因此,這說明你的回應(yīng)是不合適的,即違背了人們默認(rèn)的規(guī)則。即畫線短語意為“不當(dāng)?shù)幕貞?yīng)”。3.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Malebondinginpubs.B.Argumentaboutweather.C.Exceptiontotheagreementrule.D.Makingfriendsbydisagreement.【解析】選C。段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thereis,however...aswellisameansofexpressingfriendship.”可知,有一種情況下,英國談?wù)撎鞖獾娜瞬恍枰袷匾?guī)則,這是發(fā)生在男人小圈子里的,尤其是在酒吧。在酒吧的特殊環(huán)境中,天氣上的不斷的分歧和在其他所有方面的分歧都是表達(dá)友誼的一種手段。即第三段主要講的是遵守天氣對話規(guī)則的例外。4.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.PolitenessTipsforForeignersB.AcceptedRulesinSocialLifeC.EnglishPolitenessinWeatherConversationD.HiddenRulesofEnglishWeatherConversation【解析】選D。標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段的“allEnglishweatherconversationshaveadistinctivestructureconductedaccordingtounwrittenbutacceptedrules.”可知,所有關(guān)于天氣的對話都是按照未成文但被人們普遍接受的規(guī)則進行的。文章接下來具體地對該規(guī)則進行了解釋,因此本文的最佳標(biāo)題是“英國人天氣對話的潛規(guī)則”?！局R拓展】詞匯積累distinctively區(qū)別地;strikeupaconversationwith攀談;notnecessarily未必;unpredictable不可預(yù)測的;mild溫和的;deliberately故意地;tenseandawkward緊張并尷尬的;malebondingargument男人一致認(rèn)同的論點;unconsciously無意識地;unashamedly不加羞恥地長難句分析Thereis,however,onesituationinwhichEnglishweatherspeakersarenotrequiredtoobservetheagreementruleatallandthatisthemalebondingargument,particularlythepubargument.分析:and連接兩個分句,其中前半句是定語從句,先行詞為situation,引導(dǎo)詞inwhich。翻譯:然而,有一種情形,在英國談?wù)撎鞖獾娜吮灰罂梢圆蛔袷剡@個一致規(guī)則,這就是男性之間達(dá)成一致的一種看法,尤其體現(xiàn)在酒吧的爭論上。B(2021·長沙模擬)Theroyalfamilyisfilledwithrules,andoneinparticularmightexplainwhyPrincessCharlotteisaprincess,butherkidslikelywon’tbe.WhenitestotheBritishroyalfamily,onethingisalmostalwaystrue:theyhaveaprettyconfusingsetofofficialrulesandprotocols.Forinstance,theroyalfamilydoesn’thavealastname.Anddon’tforgetthefactthatQueenElizabethcelebratestwobirthdayseveryyear.Ifyourheadisn’tswimmingyet,considerthetraditionofroyaltitles.AsaBritishcustom,onlythedaughterofaprinceoraprince’swifemaybeconsideredaformal“princess”.ThelatterappliestoKate,whoisbothaprincessandtheDuchessofCambridgethankstohermarriagetoPrinceWilliam,theDukeofCambridge.Andtheirchildren,PrinceGeorgeandPrincessCharlotte,alsobearofficialroyaltitlesbecausetheirfatherisPrinceWilliam.However,whilePrinceGeorge’sfuturechildrenwillalsocarrytheirfather’sroyalstatus,anychildrenthatPrincessCharlottehaswillnotautomaticallybeconsideredprincesorprincesses.Why?Royalcustomdictatesthatroyaltitlesarepasseddownviasons,butnotdaughters.“Royaltitlesareinheritedthroughsons,soifPrincessCharlottehaschildrentheywouldnotautomaticallyinheritthetitles(hisorherroyalhighness)HRH,Prince,orPrincess,”LucyHume,associatedirectorofetiquetteexpertsDebrett’s,toldTown&Country.Ofcourse,exceptionscan(andwill!)bemade.(LearnabouteverytimetheBritishroyalfamilybroketheirownprotocol.)TheQueenhasofferedHRHstatustootherroyaloffspringinthepast,includingthechildrenofQueenElizabeth’sdaughter,Anne.AlthoughPrincessAnneandherhusband,CaptainPhillips,declined,perhapsPrincessCharlottewillbeextendedthesameofferwhenherownchildrenareborn.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英國王室頭銜傳承的規(guī)則。按照英國的習(xí)俗,只有王子的女兒或王子的妻子才可以被視為正式的公主。公主擁有的任何子女都不會自動被視為王子或公主。因為王室習(xí)俗規(guī)定王室頭銜是由兒子傳下來的而不是女兒。5.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“protocols”inthesecondparagraph?A.Promise. B.Behavior.C.Manners. D.Connection.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。畫線詞和之前的rules是并列的,因此在詞義上與rules(規(guī)則)接近,根據(jù)第二段中的“Forinstance,theroyalfamilydoesn’thavealastname.Anddon’tforgetthefactthatQueenElizabethcelebratestwobirthdayseveryyear.”可知,王室成員沒有姓氏。伊麗莎白女王每年慶祝兩個生日,這是一種“規(guī)矩”。該句是在解釋rules和protocols,因此畫線詞的意思是“規(guī)矩”。promise承諾;behavior行為;manners規(guī)矩,風(fēng)俗;connection聯(lián)系。6.Whatkindofchildisregardedas“princess”?A.Thesonofaprincess.B.Thedaughterofaprince.C.Thedaughterofaprincess.D.Thewifeofaking.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AsaBritishcustom,onlythedaughterofaprinceoraprince’swifemaybeconsideredaformal’princess’.”可知,按照英國的習(xí)俗,只有王子的女兒或王子的妻子才可以被視為正式的公主。因此選項中只有“王子的女兒”才被認(rèn)為是公主。7.WhoisCharlotte’sfather?A.PrinceGeorge. B.Elizabeth.C.PrinceWilliam. D.CaptainPhillips.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“PrinceGeorgeandPrincessCharlotte,alsobearofficialroyaltitlesbecausetheirfatherisPrinceWilliam.”可知,喬治王子和夏洛特公主也有官方的王室頭銜,因為他們的父親是威廉王子。因此夏洛特的父親是威廉王子。8.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Anypersoncanbreaktraditionalrules.B.Noteverypersonmustobeytraditionalrules.C.AnyBritishroyalfamilymemberhastheirowntitle.D.MaybetheBritishroyalfamilywillbreaktheirownrules.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,當(dāng)然,可能會有例外。女王過去曾向其他王室后代,包括伊麗莎白女王女兒安妮的子女提供過HRH身份(注:HRH身份指的是王室身份中的王子或公主),但是安妮公主和她的丈夫菲利普斯上尉拒絕了。也許夏洛特公主在自己的孩子出生后也會得到同樣的待遇。因此最后一段主要告訴我們的是:也許英國王室會打破自己的規(guī)矩讓公主的孩子也可以享有正式的王室頭銜?！局R拓展】詞匯積累royal皇家的;protocol協(xié)議;yourheadisswimming頭腦眩暈;bearofficialtitles攜帶官方頭銜;dictate決定;etiquette禮儀;makeexceptions做出例外;offspring后代Ⅱ.完形填空It’d1beenclimbedbylocalandforeignmen,andlocalwomen,butaWesternfemale,who’d2unacpaniedandwantedtoclimbthemountain,wasquite3.

IexplainedthatI’dbeen4forsometime—inresearchandinphysicalstrength—andshowedthemthe5Ihadgotfromtheirgovernmentauthorizingmyclimb.IstressedthatI’dbevery6tokeeptheirlocaltraditionsandhireoneoftheirvillagersasaguide,butitseemedtodolittletoreducetheir7.

Themalevillagerstoldmethatthe“quickmud”I’dmeetwouldswallowme.Whiletheycouldn’trememberanyonethisbadactually8,theyseemedconvinceditwasareal9.Thevillagewomen,however,smiledatme,indicatingtheir10formyclimb.

Themen11relayingstoriesofunpredictabledanger.However,Iwas12becausemyaunt’swordskept13inmyears—thegreatestriskisnottakingarisk,andweshouldalways14ourdreams.

Eventually,themenagreedtoan15thatseemedtoputthemateasewithmyclimb.BesidesthelocalguideI’dhire,theyalso16metohirethreeguardswithguns,forprotection.

AsIstartedwalkingdownthedirtpathtowardthemountain,Iwas17notonlybymynewmountainsupportteam,butalsobyeveryvillagewoman.Theydancedincirclesaroundusasifin18ofavictory.

IknewIwasn’tthefirstWesternfemaletomaketheclimb.Butwiththewomenvillagers19me,Ifeltastrongsenseof20.AndIsuspectedtheyfeltthesame.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。作者獨自來到一個偏遠(yuǎn)的非洲村莊,想要攀登附近的一座大山,男村民們都極力反對,不過女村民都表示支持。作者之所以下定決心是因為她姑姑的話一直在她耳邊回響:最大的風(fēng)險是不去冒險,我們要追隨自己的夢想。最終,男村民們也表示同意,作者在村民們的歡呼中出發(fā)了。1.A.formally B.surelyC.especially D.fortunately【解析】選B。我是一個西方女人,作為一名外國來的女性想要爬這座山,村民們不免感到擔(dān)憂,結(jié)合文章可知,這座山肯定(surely)是當(dāng)?shù)氐哪行院团砸约巴鈦淼哪行圆排实恰?.A.achieved B.wanderedC.explored D.arrived【解析】選D。結(jié)合上文aWesternfemale和空格后unacpaniedandwantedtoclimbthemountain可知,我作為一名西方女性,在無人陪伴的情況下來到(arrive)這里,并且想爬一座山。3.A.rare B.typicalC.disgusting D.ridiculous【解析】選A。rare罕見的;typical典型的;disgusting厭惡的;ridiculous荒謬的。結(jié)合空格所在句中可知,我作為一名西方的女性,在無人陪伴的情況下想要爬這座山,而以往爬山的都是本地的男性女性村民或者外來的男性,因此可以推斷出,我一個西方女性獨自爬這座山,這是十分罕見的。4.A.consulting B.attemptingC.preparing D.operating【解析】選C。結(jié)合空格所在句中inresearchandinphysicalstrength可知,我做了調(diào)查研究和體力方面的準(zhǔn)備。5.A.reward B.invitationC.mand D.permit【解析】選D。結(jié)合空格所在句中Ihadgotfromtheirgovernmentauthorizingmyclimb可知,我得到了他們政府的許可,授權(quán)我攀登。6.A.generous B.pleasedC.curious D.satisfied【解析】選B。結(jié)合空格所在句中keeptheirlocaltraditionsandhireoneoftheirvillagersasaguide可知,保留他們當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng),并聘請他們的一名村民作為向?qū)?這對我爬山是有利的,因此我很樂意。7.A.concerns B.thrillsC.surprises D.problems【解析】選A。結(jié)合第三段第一句可知,男村民告訴我,我遇到的“快泥”將會把我吞沒。由此可以看出,即使我雇當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駷橄驅(qū)?也不能減輕他們對我的擔(dān)憂。8.A.ledto B.appealedtoC.happenedto D.belongedto【解析】選C。ledto導(dǎo)致;appealedto呼吁;懇求;happenedto發(fā)生;belongedto屬于。結(jié)合上文可知,男村民們告訴我,我遇到的“快泥”會把我吞沒。這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折,意為然而他們記不起有誰真正發(fā)生過這么糟糕的事。9.A.bargain B.dilemmaC.challenge D.possibility【解析】選D。bargain交易;dilemma困境;challenge挑戰(zhàn);possibility可能性。結(jié)合空格所在句中theyseemedconvinceditwasareal可知,村民們似乎確信quickmud吞人是真的有可能。10.A.fancy B.supportC.praise D.admiration【解析】選B。結(jié)合空格所在句中Thevillagewomen,however,smiledatme可知,然而,村里的婦女對我微笑,并且轉(zhuǎn)折表示與男人態(tài)度不一樣,所以這微笑顯示了她們對我的支持(support)。11.A.finished B.enjoyedC.continued D.suggested【解析】選C。男村民們告訴我,我遇到的“快泥”會把我吞沒。由此可知,男人們是不支持我去登山的。他們繼續(xù)向我講述不可預(yù)測的危險故事。12.A.determined B.annoyedC.delighted D.embarrassed【解析】選A。determined堅決的;annoyed惱怒的;delighted高興的;embarrassed尷尬的。我姑姑的話一直在我耳邊回響——最大的風(fēng)險就是不冒險。由此可知,由于姑姑的話語,我下定了決心,要冒險去爬這座山。13.A.alarming B.ringingC.breaking D.exploding【解析】選B。結(jié)合空格所在句中myaunt’swordskept...inmyears可知,姑姑的話語一直在我耳邊回響,表示對我的激勵。14.A.observe B.rememberC.choose D.follow【解析】選D。結(jié)合空格所在句中myaunt’swordskeptringinginmyears—thegreatestriskisnottakingarisk可知,我姑姑的話一直在我耳邊回響——最大的風(fēng)險就是不冒險。所以姑姑是在鼓勵我要追隨夢想。15.A.arrangement B.outeC.exchange D.explanation【解析】選A。結(jié)合下文可知,除了我要雇的當(dāng)?shù)叵驅(qū)?他們還希望我雇三個帶槍的保鏢來保護自己?？芍?村里做了另外的一項安排符合題意,這項安排似乎讓他們對我的攀登感到放心。16.A.warned B.allowedC.wished D.reminded【解析】選C。結(jié)合空格所在句中hirethreeguardswithguns,forprotection可知,村民們希望我去雇三個帶槍的保鏢來保護自己,符合文意。17.A.joined B.expectedC.forted D.appreciated【解析】選A。結(jié)合空格所在句中notonlybymynewmountainsupportteam,butalsobyeveryvillagewoman可知,我得到了登山支援小組和村里婦女的支持。因此加入的不僅是山地支援小組,還有村里的婦女。18.A.defense B.searchC.possession D.celebration【解析】選D。結(jié)合空格所在句中的avictory可知,我們好像是在慶祝勝利。incelebrationof為固定搭配,意為慶?！?9.A.helping B.teachingC.acpanying D.protecting【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文的bymynewmountainsupportteam,butalsobyeveryvillagewoman.可知,和我一道的不僅有我新組成的登山支援小組,還有這個村子里的所有女人。所以可推出,這些女村民們陪著我。20.A.relief B.acplishmentC.justice D.responsibility【解析】選B。我知道我不是第一個攀登上的西方女性,但是由于有這些女村民們陪伴我,所以我感到一種強烈的成就感。Ⅲ.語法填空(2021·武漢模擬)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Today,muchoftheworld’soceanisstillamystery.Only5percentofit1.(explore)sofar.Infact,weknowmoreaboutsomeareasofMars2.somepartsoftheworld’socean.Newtechnology,however,ishelpingscientistsexplorethese3.(hide)worlds.Forexample,scientistsareusing4.underwatervehiclecalledDeepSeatoexploreseamountsunderwatermountains.ScientistshaveusedDeepSeatostudyLasGemelas,anareaofseamountsnearCostaRica.Ahuge5.(vary)ofspecieslivearoundLasGemelas.Someofthesespeciesmayhavechemicals6.canhelppeoplefightillnesses.The7.(deep)locationoftheearthistheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean.Theoceanfloorthereisapproximately11,000metersdeep.In2012,filmmakerandexplorerJamesCameronreachedtheMarianaTrenchinavehiclecalledDeepSeaChallenger.Hewasthefirst8.(plete)thejourneyalone.Camerontook9.(photo)andmadevideosontheoceanfloor.DeepSeaexplorationalsohelpsusinotherways.Forexample,wearelearninghowunderwaterearthquakescausetsunamis.AsCameronsays,“Thisisthe10.(begin)ofopeningupanewfrontier.”【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。世界上的大部分海洋仍然是個謎,然而,新技術(shù)正在幫助科學(xué)家探索這些隱藏的世界。文章介紹科學(xué)家對地球上最深的地方——太平洋的馬里亞納海溝的探索。1.【解析】hasbeenexplored?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)和主謂一致。句子主語是Only5percentofit,單數(shù)第三人稱,和謂語動詞explore之間是被動關(guān)系,再根據(jù)sofar“到目前為止”,可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。2.【解析】than?？疾檫B詞than。根據(jù)more可知此處是比較級。3.【解析】hidden?？疾檫^去分詞作前置定語。此處worlds和hide之間是被動關(guān)系,是過去分詞作前置定語。4.【解析】an。考查不定冠詞。此處underwater讀音以元音音素開頭,前面加an表示“一種水下的工具”。5.【解析】variety?？疾楣潭ㄔ~組。avarietyof“各種各樣的”。所以此處用名詞,所給詞vary是動詞,其名詞形式是variety。6.【解析】that/which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處chemicals是先行詞,指物,放在后面的定語從句中作主語,所以由that/which來引導(dǎo)定語從句。7.【解析】deepest?？疾樾稳菰~最高級。馬里亞納海溝是地球上“最深的”地方,所以這里用形容詞最高級。8.【解析】toplete?？疾閯釉~不定式作后置定語。固定用法:thefirst(second...)todosth.“做某事的第一(第二……)個……”。此處是動詞不定式作后置定語。9.【解析】photos?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。固定搭配:takephotos“拍照”。10.【解析】beginning。考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)the_________(begin)of可知the用在名詞前面。

閱讀填句(2021·衡水模擬)Peoplemayhavesomeunclearmemoriesoftheirchildhood,butalmosteveryonewillrememberthebeautifulprincessandthecruelqueeninSnowWhite,theinnocentlittlegirlandthegreedybiggraywolfinLittleRedRidingHood.1Forexample,“Truelovecanovereanything”,and“Evenafrogcanturnintoaprince”.However,atacertainage,westarttolearnnewthingsaboutlife,particularlythatlovedoesn’talwayswin,andthatafrogisjustafrog.

2JustlookatanimatedfilmslikeTheLionKingandFrozen,whichhavemillionsoffansyoungandold.Andthisyear’sLucerneFestivalinSwitzerland—aclassicalmusicfestival—willalsofeaturethethemesof“Childhood”and“Fairytales”.

“Fairytalesendurebecausetheyarethestoriesofourlivesintheirmoststrippeddownform,”wroteUSauthorLauraPacker.“Theyarestoriesofloveandloss,desireanddeath,richesandruin.”3Butifchildrenonlyseejustonesideofreality,adultsusuallyseetheother.Forexample,inthemovieMaleficent,we’retoldthetaleofSleepingBeautyfromtheperspectiveoftheevilqueen.4Instead,shesuffersgreatlossesgrowingup,leadingtothecreationofher“evil”side.AndinUSauthorJamesFinnGamer’sbook“PoliticallyCorrectBedtimeStories”,hetellstheclassicstoryof“LittleRedRidingHood”,butwithamoderntouch.

5Theymayusuallystartwith“Onceuponatime”butaswegrowolder,welearnthatever