新概念英語1 4冊nce3 lesson 53

evolve:todeveloporachievegraduallyevolution(n.)形似詞revolve:revolvingdoor,反義competentcompetenceover-zealously:zealnsafeguard:toensurethesafetyof;parliamentary:parliamentncongress美國)grievance:grieveat/over/about/for…比較griefn.)比較alteraskirt/changeaaccusation:accusesb.of近義詞chargesbwithsthprosecutesbforascertain:todiscoverwithcertainty,asthroughexaminationorexperimentation;makecertain近義詞confirm;Lesson53beadmiredforprotectsb.from…:shieldsb.Thesystemhasworkedsowellthat…TheSwedeswerethefirst(torecognizethatpublicofficials…canmakemistakesoractover-zealouslyinthebeliefthat…):inthebeliefthat=believinginthethoughtthat=thinkinginthehopethat=hopingAparliamentarycommittee(representing…)appointsaperson(whois…thestate):bequalifiedtodo=beeligibletorefertoAasB:callAbesubject聯(lián)想記憶bevulnerabletobesusceptibleHeinvestigatescomplaints(largeandsmall)inwritinganaveragebeopento:canonsb.’sbehalf:為了代表…orevensuggest(toparliament)thatalaw(should)bealteredAforeigner(livingin…)wroteto…complaining…dealroughlywithsb.:ill-treatsb.on…occasionbeprejudicedagainst:bediscriminatedagainstThepoliceman(inquestion)was…:inputanendtosth.:stop…mighthavegoneunnoticed參看Lesson45第12Lesson53(成人版ThecityofShenzheniswell-knownforitspoliciesofhigh-qualitypersonnelrecruitment.TheShenzhenMunicipalGovernmenthasevolvedanexcellentsystemforemployingandrelocatingtheseusefulpeople.Thesystemhasworkedsowellthatithasbeenadoptedinotherregionsofthecountry.Shenzhenwasthefirsttorecognizethatrenownedandwell-trainedtechniciansaretheprimaryelementspromotingsocioeconomicadvancement.Aslongagoastheearly1990s,thecityinitiatedaseriesofschemestosafeguardtheinterestofandbetterthewelfareoftherecruitedpeople.Montesquieuarguedthatthebestgovernmentwouldbeoneinwhichpowerwasbalancedamongthreegroupsofofficials.HethoughtEngland—whichdividedpowerbetweentheking(whoenforcedlaws),Parliament(whichmadelaws),andthejudgesoftheEnglishcourts(whointerpretedlaws)—wasagoodmodelofthis.Montesquieucalledtheideaofdividinggovernmentpowerintothreebranchesthe"separationofpowers."Hethoughtitmostimportanttocreateseparatebranchesofgovernmentwithequalbutdifferentpowers.Thatway,thegovernmentwouldavoidplacingtoomuchpowerwithoneindividualorgroupofindividuals.Hewrote,"Whenthe[lawmaking]and[lawenforcement]powersareunitedinthesameperson...therecanbenoliberty."AccordingtoMontesquieu,eachbranchofgovernmentcouldlimitthepoweroftheothertwobranches.Therefore,nobranchofthegovern