四隊(duì)一隊(duì)一區(qū)隊(duì)

隨著熱紅外技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，紅外成像技術(shù)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域越來(lái)越廣闊。由于紅外成像系統(tǒng)非常容易理、圖像銳化MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真，分析比較了各種算法的處理效果。最后總結(jié)出了Withtheconstantdevelopmentofinfraredtechnology,infraredthermalimagingtechnologyhasbeenwidelyusedinmoreandmorefields.Fortheinfraredimagingsystemisveryvulnerabletointerferencebytheenvironmentandtheowndeficienciesofsystem,sotheinfraredimagesfuzzierandlowercontrastthanordinaryimages.Thesecharacteristicsareveryharmfultothesubsequentsenioroperations,suchastargetdetection,targetrecognition,featureextraction,targettrackingandsoon.Therefore,fortheimageprocessingsystem,theinfraredimageenhancementisanecessaryandvaluablepretreatmenttechnology.Becauseofitbringspeopletheinconveniencetoidentificationanddetectionontheimage.Sothisarticlemainlymadethefollowingseveralaspectsoftheresearchwork:Firstly,thepaperdiscussedthemechanismandimagingcharacteristicsofinfraredimage,ingeneral,theinfraredimagehasthefollowingimagingcharacteristics:1.Lowresolution2.havingirregularnoiseanddistortion3.imagingprocessingofinformation,largeamountofcalculationandstorage4.havingastrongspatialcorrelationcharacteristicsbetweenpixels.Thenresearchedtheimagingmechanismofinfraredimagesandspecificallyanalyzednoise-formedcharacteristics,thesysteminternalparametersofrandomtransform,theexternalenvironmentofrandomeffectsarepossiblecausesofnoise.andthecharacteristicofimagehistogramandnoiseareanalyzedrespectively.Thenchoosedifferentimageenhancementalgorithmsfromdifferentpointofview(mainlyincludesgray-scaletransformation,histogramequalization,smoothnoisereductionprocessing,imagesharpening),ByMATLABsoftwaresimulationexperiments,analysisandcomparisonoftheeffectivenessofvarioustreatmentalgorithms.Finally,summeduptheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthesemethods,andthefollowingconclusions:alineartransformofgrayvaluerangecanbeextendedtotheentiregrayscalerangecanbeachieved.Theadvantagepiecewiselineartransformationisrequired,theenlargedimageoftheobjectofinterestgraydetailsarenotinterestedintherelativegraylevelofinhibition.Butthedisadvantageisthattherangeofchoicesegmentedtransformationisdifficulttograsp.Histogramequalizationcanmaketheimagegraylevelofeachpixeltoincreasedynamicrange,sothatthevisualimageandimprovesthecontrast.Butthedisadvantageisthatmostofthepixelsastheimageareconcentratedinsomeothernumberofgraylevelsandhavelittleornograylevelofthepixel,sothatthismethodmaycausesomeofthegrayscaleimageisreducedorevenlost,causingdecreasedimageresolution.Imagesmoothingnoisereductionprocessinginthemeanfiltersuppressesnoiseenhancedimagealgorithmissimple,fastcalculation,andthenoisecomponentisweakenedtothesurroundingpixels.Butthedrawbackisthenoisereductionanddetailwhilemakingtheimageedgeblurring.Advantageofthemedianfilteristhatitcanprotecttheedgeinformationoftheimage,andtheimageoftheunwantedimagenoisecanberemoved,thedisadvantageisthesizeofthetemplatewiththeincreaseofthefilter,blurcertaindetailsoftheincrease.Advantagesofimagesharpeningistohighlightthedetailsintheimageareblurredorenhancethedetails.ButthedisadvantageiscapableofsharpeningtheimagemustaskforahighersignaltonoiseKeywords：infrared image visual論文題目：紅外圖像增強(qiáng)算法研究 業(yè)：通信工程 生：劉指導(dǎo)教師：吳 副教1234第5章結(jié)論與展望.展望致謝 緒F.W.Herschel于1800年在使用普通溫度測(cè)量計(jì)測(cè)量太陽(yáng)光Infrared(IR)。紅外線波段位于可見光和微波之間，大約0.76~1000微米，光憑種是紅外輻射探測(cè)波段為1~3μm，屬于短紅外波段的大氣窗口，簡(jiǎn)稱短波；第3~5μm8~14μm的波段，有的文獻(xiàn)也將此波段稱為長(zhǎng)紅外波段(LongInfrared)簡(jiǎn)稱為長(zhǎng)波(LIR)。一般情況下，紅第二章CDD陣列要低得多，這也決定了U(t,v,h)SNT(t)NV(v)NH(h)NTV(t,v)NTH(t,h)NVH(v,h)數(shù)據(jù)集中所有點(diǎn)的總平均值；NT(t)是幀間噪聲；NV(v)是固定行噪聲；NH(h)為NTV(t,v)NTH(t,h)NVH(v,h)是固定像素設(shè)f(x,y)為理想的紅外圖像，c(x,y)為實(shí)際輸出圖像，n(x,y)為噪聲。又因?yàn)橥饨绲母蓴_和熱成像系統(tǒng)自身的局限造成了噪聲的復(fù)雜性和不可預(yù)測(cè)性，1f噪聲等眾多因素引起的紅外圖像質(zhì)量下降等問(wèn)題。其非均勻校正的方法器件每個(gè)光敏元之間的響應(yīng)曲線非均勻性校正（NUC,NonuniformityC（Constant-

P(ri灰度級(jí)為ri

(i=0,1,2…L-Li

P(ri)圖 可見光圖像及其對(duì)應(yīng)直方 圖 紅外圖像及其對(duì)應(yīng)直方演獲得處理結(jié)果。如圖3-1顯示基本的圖像增強(qiáng)算法分類: 在公式中，f(x,y)表示輸入圖像，g(x,y)表示處理圖像，T操作是對(duì)圖像f(x,y)的，則g(x,y)只取決于f(x,y)在(x,y)點(diǎn)的值。在這種情況下，T操作被稱為灰度級(jí)變 T(r)m而式的映射關(guān)系就被叫做閾值函數(shù)。T變換雖然相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單，有時(shí)卻能夠?qū)D像起3-2f(x,y)的灰度級(jí)范圍為[r1，r2]g(x,y)的灰度級(jí)

r2-

上式（3-3）3-3

r0rrsS

2rsmaxs

(r

2)

2,r

r

maxrSlog(r 此本文將不對(duì)其作過(guò)多討論。對(duì)數(shù)變換函數(shù)的曲線如圖3-6(a)所示。S 3-6(a)是對(duì)數(shù)變換的曲線變換示意圖，圖(b)是指數(shù)變換的變換函數(shù)曲線示意ps（s）s=T(r)滿足如下條件：(a)函數(shù)pr（rrST(r) r式(3-8)兩邊分別對(duì)rdsdT(r) d[rP(w)dw]P(r dr Ps(s)Pr(r)

N

kST(rk)Pr(rj)

NN

rk1,k02,...,L1（3-8bit(比特)，也即圖像的灰度級(jí)范圍為[0,255]，那么255k

NNjN

對(duì)比度提高；像素?cái)?shù)少且分布較稀疏的灰度級(jí)間的間隔變小,甚至為0(灰度級(jí)域得到廣泛的應(yīng)用和推廣。1987年Mallat把在計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用的多尺持索引顏色圖像，灰度圖像，二值圖像，RGBBMP、GIF、JPEG、PCX、PNG、TIFF、XWD、CUR、ICOMATLAB形對(duì)話等，MATLABMATLAB（r=1