新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課時練第1部分閱讀理解與閱讀七選五專題2第2 依據(jù)線索詞匯巧解閱讀七選五 (含解析)

第2講依據(jù)線索詞匯，巧解閱讀七選五細節(jié)線索類的試題要求考生更加注重文章中的細節(jié)，比如某個關(guān)鍵的單詞或數(shù)字等。解答這類試題經(jīng)常用到的方法有詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法和代詞指代法等。技法一詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ·片段)Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo，howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession，andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities，andprovidedherphonenumber.39Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A．Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B．Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C．You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D．Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E．Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F．Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G．Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.39．答案G解析空處位于段尾，應(yīng)該是總結(jié)性的句子，上文列出了尋找鍛煉伙伴的布告所要包括的信息。所以G項“任何尋找鍛煉伙伴的布告都應(yīng)包括這些信息”總結(jié)上文，符合語境。G項中的notice是本段第二句中notice的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G。40．答案F解析根據(jù)上文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.”以及下文“Overtime，bothofyouwillbenefit”可知，F(xiàn)項“接受你們的不同，學(xué)會彼此合作”符合語境。differentskills對應(yīng)F項中的differences。故選F。技法二代詞指代法(2022·全國甲·片段)MakingRequests39.InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly，inItaly，neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange，buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.40，themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A．ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB．ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC．MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD．Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE．It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF．NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG．Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal39．答案G解析根據(jù)本段小標題可知，本段主要講述的是用餐時提請求的問題。根據(jù)下文“InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.”可知，G項(吃飯時要鹽和胡椒看似一個簡單的請求)符合此處語境，下文中的代詞this指的就是此項中的“toaskforsaltandpepperatameal”。且該選項中的request是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G。40．答案B解析根據(jù)下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices”可推知，此處指在一個國家待得越久，就會越習(xí)慣當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗，且此處是“the＋比較級．..，the＋比較級．..”結(jié)構(gòu)，B項符合文意，引出下文。且下文的代詞its指的就是該項中的anygivencountry。故選B。AWhyDoBridesWearWhite?Inmanysocietiesthecolorwhitehasbeenassociatedwithpurityandvirtue，andthatisonereasonwhysomebrideschoosetowearwhite，especiallyintheWest.Usually，youwillhearthatbrideswearwhitebecause“it’satradition”．But，historically，whitewasnottheonlycolorconsideredforweddingdresses.1FormanycenturiesinWesternsocieties，weddingdresseshaddifferentcolors.2Bridestendedtobuyaweddingdressthatcouldbewornagain，ortheysimplyworethebestdresstheyalreadyowned.Andwhiteisnotpractical:itisdifficulttokeepcleanandisthereforenotidealformanysituationsorforrepeatedwear.Manybrideschosetoweardressesofothercolorsfortheirweddingandbeyond.3TheydosolargelythankstoatrendthatstartedwithQueenVictoria’s1840weddingtoPrinceAlbert.4Althoughnotinasmanydifferentmediaaswehavenow，theystillhadatendencytobetrendsetting.SoVictoriachosetowearawhitegown(女禮服)—reportedlytoshowoffthefinedetailedHonitonlaceproducedbytheBritishlaceindustry，whichwasdepressedatthetime.Herfashionchoicewaswidelyreportedinnewspapersandmagazines.5Eventually，thetrendofawhiteweddinggownspreadacrossalleconomiclevelsanditwasstrengthenedas“tradition”inthe20thcentury.A．Sowhydosomanyoftoday’sbrideswearwhite?B．Butwhyarebridessoparticularabouttheirdresses?C．Royalweddingsinthoseyearsreceivedalotofreporting.D．Itreflectedthegrowthoftheweddingindustryatthattime.E．Itsooninfluenceddomesticandinternationalweddingtrends.F．Infact，othercolorswerechosenfarmorefrequentlythanwhite.G．Thiswasforreasonsofbeingpracticalasmuchasanythingelse.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了新娘選擇白色婚紗的原因。)1．答案F解析根據(jù)上一句可知，從歷史上看，白色并不是婚紗的唯一顏色，因此設(shè)空句應(yīng)對此進行進一步的解釋或總結(jié)。選項F(事實上，人們選擇其他顏色的頻率遠遠高于選擇白色)呼應(yīng)了前文的白色不是唯一的選擇，而且提及了其他顏色，符合語境。故選F項。2．答案G解析G項中的practical對應(yīng)下文“Andwhiteisnotpractical”中的practical。故選G項。3．答案A解析下一句解釋了為什么“她們”會選擇白色婚紗，因此設(shè)空句應(yīng)是問句，涉及關(guān)于選擇白色婚紗的問題。故選A項。4．答案C解析設(shè)空句為本段主旨句。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容可知，通過媒體，維多利亞女王的婚紗受到了關(guān)注，因此本段主要講述了皇室婚禮與媒體的關(guān)系。故選C項。5．答案E解析根據(jù)上一句可知，她的時尚選擇被報紙和雜志廣泛報道。因此設(shè)空句應(yīng)是解釋廣泛報道的影響，故選E項。BThevastmajorityofparentsexpecttheirchildrentogrowuptobehealthy，happy，andproductivemembersofsociety.1Ifwedon’tgiveparentingeverythingwe’vegot，ourkidswillwindupunemployed，livinginourbasements，andtherewillbenoonetoblamebutourselves.That’swhatIliketocallthe“perfectparentmyth”．Thestandardsofperfectionforparentsthesedaysareextremelyhigh.Perfectparentingexpectationsbeginwithadrugfreenaturalbirth.Onceouryoungarebornwemustbreastfeedeachbabyforyears.Ifwecan’tbreastfeed，wemustatleastfeedondemand.2Let’salsonotforgettoorganizeourchildren’sdayssotheyareengagedineducationalpursuitsincasetheyfallbehindthecurve(彎道)．Wemustbeinvolvedineveryaspectofourchildren’sschools.Thereisnofreetimefortheperfectparent.3Thesestandardsareunreasonable.They’realsocrazy.Parentscan’tbeperfect.Why？Becausewe’rehumanandsoareourchildren.4Theyarepredictableandwhentheyareunrulywecanshutthemdown.Parentingisnothinglikethat.5But，bytheparentbeinglessthanperfect，thechildwillneedtoadaptanddevelopskillstoovercomelittledisappointments.Thereisflexibilityandroomforreal-lifemistakesandlimitationstoourparentingabilities.A．Wemustmakeourownbabyfood.B．Theyarepushingthemselvestoofar.C．Robotswouldbemucheasiertoparent.D．Thereisonlyunlimiteddevotiontoourchildren.E．Agoodenoughparentmeetstheneedsoftheirchildren.F．Parentshavenoenoughtimetoliveuptothesehighstandards.G．Tomeetthosegoals，parentsaretoldthattheymustsparenoeffort.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。文章闡述并分析了“完美父母謬論”。)1．答案G解析根據(jù)空前一句和空后一句可知，父母對孩子有很多期望，如果孩子最后沒有成功就只能怪父母付出得不夠，所以推測空處講述父母為了讓孩子成功應(yīng)該奉獻一切，G項承上啟下，G項中的thesegoals呼應(yīng)前一句中“tobehealthy，happy，andproductivemembersofsociety”。2．答案A解析結(jié)合空前兩句可知，此處是講述喂養(yǎng)孩子方面對父母的高標準，A項符合語境。3．答案D解析根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容及空前一句可知，完美父母的標準很苛刻，沒有空閑時間，D項符合語境，句式與空前一句一致，意義上形成對比。4．答案C解析根據(jù)空前的“we’rehuman”空后的“theyareunruly”“shutthemdown”可知，C項符合題意?？蘸蟮腡hey指的是C項中的Robots。5．答案E解析根據(jù)空后一句可知，空處與下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)是描述完美父母的情況，E項符合語境。強化練(十九)閱讀七選五(2)AThreeThingsWeMustDotoTackleClimateChangeWithworldleadersmeetingattheinternationalclimatechangeconferencethisAugustinGlasgowtodiscussurgentglobalactiontomeetoneofthegreatestchallenges，manypeoplestilldon’tknowwhatmustbedone.1However，thegoodnewswegetfromthereportisthatitisnottoolatetoavoidtheworstimpactsofclimatechange，ifwerespondrapidlyanddecisively.Buthow？Itcomesdowntothefollowingthreethings.Stopusingfossilfuelsgradually.2Thatmeansnoexploration，nonewwells，mines，pipelines，orpowerplants.Wealreadyhaveavastamountoffossilfuelinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)，anditwilltakedecadestoenditsuse.3Sunandwindarethefastest-growingnewsourcesofenergywehave.Theircostshavefallensharply，makingthemtheleastexpensiveoptionsandencouragingtheadoptionofcleanenergyinmoreandmorelocations.Protecttheworld’sforests.Forestsallovertheworldcurrentlyabsorbaboutathirdofthecarbondioxideouractivitiessendouttotheatmosphere.4Andthismuststop.Tomeettheplanet’sgrowingfoodneeds，expertsurgeimprovedmanagementpracticesonalready-clearedlandratherthanclearingnewland.Finally，itishightimethatwejoinedhandstoprotecttheonlyhomewehave.Ifso，wecantakeonthechallengeaswewouldwhateverthedifficultyis.5Thethreeactionswesuggestareessentialforsuccess.A．Boostthedevelopmentofnewtechnology.B．Speeduptheuseofclean，renewableenergy.C．Thealarmingmessagesreleasedurgedustochangeourlifestyle.D．Toachievethis，wemustallownonewdevelopmentofcoal，oilandgas.E．The“codered”reportfromtheconferencegreatlyshockedmanypeople.F．WeareonamissiontosaveplanetEarth，itspeopleanditsnaturalwonders.G．Tropical(熱帶)forestsareespeciallyatriskandstillbeingclearedforagriculturaluses.eq\x(語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人們可以做三件事情來應(yīng)對氣候變化。)1．答案E解析根據(jù)空后“However，thegoodnewswegetfromthereport...thefollowingthreethings”可知，空處和空后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空后提到了報告中的好消息，可推知空處是在描述在格拉斯哥召開的國際氣候變化大會提出了讓人震驚的報告，告訴人們氣候變化的后果非常嚴重。E項符合語境。2．答案D解析根據(jù)本空前一句和后一句可知，本段號召人們不要使用化石燃料，所以為了實現(xiàn)這一目的，我們必須禁止煤炭、石油和天然氣的新開發(fā)。D項承上啟下，且“coal，oilandgas”對應(yīng)前文的化石燃料。3．答案B解析根據(jù)本空后一句可知，開發(fā)利用新型的清潔和可再生能源是應(yīng)對氣候變化的重要方法。B項符合語境。4．答案G解析根據(jù)本段的第一句可知，保護森林非常重要，本空后一句表明這必須停止，因此空后的this應(yīng)該指代森林破壞這件事。G項為this指代的內(nèi)容，符合語境。5．答案F解析根據(jù)本段第一句可知，作者在最后號召大家行動起來保護我們唯一的家園，我們要去拯救地球，上文建議的三個行動對成功至關(guān)重要。F項符合語境。B(2022·河南大聯(lián)考三模)Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.1Changingthewayyouthinkaboutbeautywillgiveyoulife-longconfidence.Placeyourbeautyinyouridentitybutnotyouridentityinyourbeauty.Ifyouholdontoyouthfulbeautyasanarrowdefinitionofyourself，youwon’tenjoyyourlooksasyouage.2Mirrorstellusonlyapartofwhatweshowtotheouterworld.Gopastyourreflectionandseetherealself!Thefountainofyouthdoesn’texist.Despitemanyanti-agingproducts，thereisnomagicsolutiontostoppingtheeffectsofaging.Youshouldstopdevaluing(貶低)yourselfjustbecauseyouaregettingolder.Aimforahealthylifeandkeepyourselfstrongandfit.Eathealthydietandbecommittedtoadailyexerciseroutine.Lotsofeffortsareneeded.3Beautyrelatestophysicalandpsychologicalaspects.4However，SerenaWilliamsneverhidesherunusualmuscularphysique.Instead，hershowinghermusclesenhancesherappeal.Manyfansthinksheisbeautiful.Thisprovesthatlookingbeautifulandattractivegoesbeyondourlooks.5Beautymatterstoallwomen，buttothosewhoagebeautifully，itmattersneithertoomuchnortoolittle.Doenjoyourlivestothefullest.Truebeautyisaboutacceptingyourself.Itisalsoaboutfeelinggoodaboutyourself.A．Everyonedoesit.B．Itcomesfromtheinside.C．Gobeyondyourmirrorimage.D．Youwillfeelbetteroveralongterm.E．It’shumannaturetobelievebeautyiseverything.F．Peoplegenerallythinkbeautyisonlyaskin-deepissue.G．Belessscaredofagingandyouwilllookmorebeautiful.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何正確地看待“美”。)1．答案B解析根據(jù)上文“Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.”可知，真正的美不在于外表，B項承接上文，指出真正的美在于內(nèi)在，It指代的就是Truebeauty。2．答案C解析根據(jù)本空后兩句可知，鏡子只能告訴我們展現(xiàn)給外部世界的一部分。別只關(guān)注你的鏡像，看看真實的自我，C項正好概括這一話題，mirrorimage與Mirrors相呼應(yīng)。3．答案D解析根據(jù)本空前兩句可知，吃健康的飲食，堅持每天鍛煉，這需要很大的努力，D項總結(jié)了這樣做的好處。4．答案F解析根據(jù)后一句中的However表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知此處是說人們認為美只在于外表而忽略了通過外表體現(xiàn)出來的自信，F(xiàn)項與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，從而引出下文Williams通過展示別人并不認為是“美”的肌肉來體現(xiàn)自己強大的自信這一例子。5．答案G解析根據(jù)本空后一句可知，美麗對所有女性都很重要，但對那些優(yōu)雅著老去的女性來說，這算不上什么問題，G項與之話題一致，指出女性不要害怕變老，優(yōu)雅著老去也是一種美。CASimpleGuidetoaHealthyDietHerearethehealthyfoodsyoushouldeatmoreandtheunhealthyonesyoushouldeatless.Eatmorenutsandseeds.Theyhaveanincrediblypowerfulmixtureofhealthyfats，fiberandotherimportantnutrients(營養(yǎng))．1Forexample，theyhaveawiderangeofbeneficialeffectsonyourliversandonyourbrainfunctionsasyouage.Regularlyeatingaproperamountofnutsandseedscanalsohelpyoustopweightgain.Eatmorefruitsandvegetables.Itshouldcomeasnosurprise.Andtheydon’thavetobefreshtobehealthy.2Ifyoucangetcannedfruitsorvegetablesthatdon’thavealotofsaltorsugar，that’sfine，too.3There’sabout400%moresaltinprocessedmeatthaninunprocessedone.Themostobviousproblemwithtoomuchsaltisthatitraisesyourbloodpressure，whichcanleadtoheartattacks.Butifyoureallyloveit，youcanwashitoffwithtapwatertogetridoftheextrasaltbeforeitiscooked.Stayawayfromsugarydrinks.4Inparticular，suchsweetdrinksarelinkedtoamuchhigherriskofobesity(肥胖癥)andheartattacks.Inshort，healthyeatingcanbeeasyifyoufollowthissimplerule：5A．Shyawayfromsaltybaconandsandwich.B．Reducetheconsumptionofprocessedmeat.C．Iftheydon’thavealotofsugar，itwouldbefine.D．Suchnutrientsareveryimportantforyourhealth.E．Ifyoucangetfrozenfruitsorvegetables，that’sgreat.F．Sticktoeatingfreshandgreenwhileavoidingtoomuchsaltandsugar.G．Liquidsugarfromsodaandenergydrinksistheworstwaytoconsumesugar.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了健康飲食應(yīng)該注意的幾個方面。)1．答案D解析根據(jù)本空前一句和后一句可知，上下文都提到了堅果中的脂肪、植物纖維等營養(yǎng)元素及其益處，空處承上啟下，說明這些營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)對健康的重要性。D項符合語境。2．答案E解析根據(jù)本空前一句和后一句可知，空處承上啟下，說明冷凍的水果和蔬菜也是可以的，E項中的“frozenfruitsorvegetables”和上文的“don’thavetobefresh”對應(yīng)。E項符合語境。3．答案B解析空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)本空后一句可知，本段主要是講加工過的肉類中鹽含量過高的問題。B項符合語境。4．答案G解析根據(jù)本空前一句可知，本段主要講述的是要遠離含糖飲料的問題，G項中的“Liquidsugarfromsodaandenergydrinks”和上文的“sugarydrinks”對應(yīng)。G項符合語境。5．答案F解析根據(jù)上文“Inshort，healthyeatingcanbeeasyifyoufollowthissimplerule”可知，此空位于文章的末尾，是對全文進行總結(jié)，建議我們要堅持吃新鮮的和綠色的食物，避免攝入過多的糖和鹽。F項符合語境。DAreyounewtoexperiencingrelationships?Fortunately，there’salwayssomeadviceonhowtohaveahealthyrelationshipwithyourpartners.1Don’thidethingsfromthem，norlietothem.Don’tbeafraidtosaythingsthataren’tveryflatteringaboutyourself.Gettingthemtotrustyouisthemostimportantelementinanyrelationship.Ifthere’snotrust，there’snothingthere.Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.Showrespecttothem.Respectisn’tjustsimplytreatingthemnicely.2Youhavetolearntoadjusttotheirliking.Basically，learntostudyyourpartners’moods，wantsandneeds.Don’tjustthinkaboutyourself，butthinkaboutwhatyourpartnersneedoutofitaswell.Trytobeencouragingtoyourpartners.Alwaysbewillingtohelpthemandgivethemhonestyandpositiveenergyatthesametime.Makethemfeelyouaresomeonetheycanreallycountonandbuildafuturewith.3Equipyourselfwithagoodsenseofhumor.Laughtermayseemsilly，butit’sthesecretto